Different Types of Tissue

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The key takeaways are the different types of tissues (epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous) and their descriptions, functions and locations in the body.

Simple squamous epithelium functions in filtration and diffusion. Simple cuboidal epithelium functions in secretion. Simple columnar epithelium functions in absorption. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium functions in secretion, particularly mucus.

Areolar connective tissue wraps and cushions. Adipose connective tissue provides reserve food fuel. Reticular connective tissue supports other cells. Dense regular connective tissue attaches muscles to bone. Dense irregular connective tissue provides structural strength.

Simple Squamous Epithelial

SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM




DESCRITION: Single layer of flattened cells with disc
shape central nuclei
FUNCTION: Filtration and Diffusion
LOCATION: Nasal Cavity, Skin, and Lungs
Simple Cuboidal epithelium (x/s Human kidney)
SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

DESCRIPTION: Single layer of cube like cells with large
spherical central nuclei
FUNCTION: Secretion
LOCATION: Thyroid gland, Kidney, and Ovaries
Simple Columnar ciliated epithelium (x/s Large intestine)
SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

DESCRIPTION: Single layer of tall cells with oval nuclei;
some cells bear cilia; some cells bear goblet cells
FUNCTION: Absorption
LOCATION: Gastrointestinal tract and Stomach
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

DESCRIPTION: Single layer cell of different height;
nuclei seen at different levels; may contain goblet cells
and bear cilia
FUNCTION: Secretion, particularly mucus
LOCATION: Trachea
Stratified Keratinized Squamous Epithelium (Skin)
STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

DESCRIPTION: Composed of several cells layer; basal
cells are cuboidal and columnar; surface cells are
flattened (squamous)
FUNCTION: Protection
LOCATION: Esophagus
Statified non-keratinized squamous epithelium (Esophagus)

STRATIFED CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

DESCRIPTION: Generally two layers of cube like cells
FUNCTION: Protection
LOCATION: Sweat glands and Salivary glands
STRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

DESCRIPTION: Several cell layers; basal cells usually
cuboidal; superficial cells elongated and columnar
FUNCTION: Protection and Secretion
LOCATION: Male Urethra
Transitional Epithelium TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM

DESCRIPTION: Resembles both stratified squamous
and stratified cuboidal; basal cells cuboidal and
columnar; surface cells dome shape or squamous like
FUNCTION: Stretches readily and permits distension of
urinary organ
LOCATION: Urinary bladder and Urethra
Areolar Connective Tissue
AREOLAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE (LOOSE)


DESCRIPTION: Gel like matrix with all three fiber
types: fibroblast, mast cell and macro phalanges
FUNCTION: Wraps and cushions
LOCATION:
Adipose Tissue (adipocyte circle with dot)
ADIPOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE (LOOSE)


DESCRIPTION: Closely packed adipocytes, or fat cells;
have nucleus pushed to the side by large fat droplet
FUNCTION: Provides reserve food fuel
LOCATION: Under the skin and Breast
Reticular Tissue
RETICULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE (LOOSE)

DESCRIPTION: Network of reticular fibers in a typical
loose ground substance
FUNCTION: Supports other cells
LOCATION: Spleen and bone marrow
Tendon dense-regular
DENSE REGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE (DENSE)

DESCRIPTION: Primarily parallel collagen fibers; major
cell type is the fibroblast
FUNCTION: Attaches muscles to the bone
LOCATION: Tendons
DENSE IRREGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE (DENSE)

DESCRIPTION: Primarily irregularly arranged collagen
fibers; major cell type is the fibroblast
FUNCTION: Provides structural strength
LOCATION: Fibrous capsules
ELASTIC CONNECTIVE TISSUE (DENSE)

DESCRIPTION:
FUNCTION:
LOCATION:
Hyaline Cartilage
HYALINE CARTILAGE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

DESCRIPTION: Amorphous but firm matrix collagen
fibers form an imperceptible network
FUNCTION: Support and reinforce
LOCATION: Cartilages of the Nose, Trachea and Larynx
Fibrocartilage
FIBROCARTILAGE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

DESCRIPTION: Matrix similar to but less firm than in
hyaline cartilage; thick collagen fibers predominate
FUNCTION: Absorb comprehensive shock
LOCATION: Knee joint and intervetebral discs
Elastic Cartilage
ELASTIC CARTILAGE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

DESCRIPTION: Similar to hyaline cartilage but more
elastic fibers in matrix
FUNCTION: Maintains shape and flexibility
LOCATION: Ear - Pinna
BONE TISSUE

DESCRIPTION: Hard, calcified matrix containing many
collagen fibers; osteocytes lie in the lacuna
FUNCTION: Support and Protection
LOCATION: Bone













Cross section of spinal cord; focused: monopolar neuron


Cross section of spinal cord; focused:multipolar neuron and
bipolar neuron


Cross section of the spinal cord






BLOOD TISSUE

DESCRIPTION: Red and white blood cells in a fluid
matrix (plasma)
FUNCTION: Transport
LOCATION: Blood Vessel
Skeletal Muscle Tissue
SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE

DESCRIPTION: Long cylindrical, multinucleated cell;
obvious striations
FUNCTION: Voluntary movement
LOCATION: Skeletal muscle attached to the skin
Cardiac Muscle Tissue
CARDIAC MUSCLE TISSUE

DESCRIPTION: Branching, striated and uninucleated
cells that integrated at specialized junction
FUNCTION: Propels blood
LOCATION: Walls of the heart
Smooth Muscle Tissue
SMOOTH MUSCLE TISSUE


DESCRIPTION: Spindle shape cells with central nuclei;
no striations; cells are arranged closely to form a sheet
FUNCTION: Voluntary movement
LOCATION: Hollow walls of organs

Striated Muscle Tissue
STRIATED MUSCLE TISSUE


Cross section of the Nerve NERVOUS TISSUE

DESCRIPTION: Neurons are branching cells; Cell body
with quite long neuron processes
FUNCTION: Transmit electrical signals
LOCATION: Brain, Spinal Cord, and nerves


NODES OF RANVIER

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