Operating Instructions: Solar Charge Controller
Operating Instructions: Solar Charge Controller
Operating Instructions: Solar Charge Controller
6.2 Display windows
SOC h kA
%V
Symbols for current direction
Battery symbol
Load symbol
Face symbol for
system status
Units display
Sun: Charge / Day
Moon: Night
Tool symbol for
error messages
SOC bar display
SOC = state of charge
7-segment display for
text and numerals
The display windows contain different types of system information. The left
button can be used to switch between the different display windows. After
the last window, the first window is displayed once more.
The following figures show examples of system information in the SOC con-
trol operating mode. The following differences exist in the Voltage control
and Voltage control with bar display operating modes:
Voltage control: The windows do not contain any SOC bar display. The
SOC window shows the battery voltage instead of the SOC.
Voltage control with bar display: The bar display shows the battery
voltage in all windows. The SOC window shows a numerical value for the
battery voltage instead of the SOC.
Notes:
Changing the operating mode: see Section Accessing and changing
settings.
Scaling of the bar display in the Voltage control with bar display mode:
see Section Technical data / Bar display scaling.
Note that the accuracy of the bar display cannot be compared with the
accuracy of a measuring device!
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6.2.1 SOC window
Displays the charge state, day / night status
and load on / off status.
In the Voltage control operating mode, the
battery voltage is displayed instead of the
SOC value.
In the Voltage control with bar display oper-
ating mode, the battery voltage is displayed
both alphanumerically and as a bar display.
6.2.2 Voltage window
Displays the battery voltage measured by
the controller.
6.2.3 Module current
Displays the solar module output current.
6.2.4 Charging current
Displays the charging current into the
battery.
6.2.5 Load current
Displays the current being consumed from
the load output.
6.2.6 Ah Battery charge meter
Displays the total Ah charged into the bat-
tery since initial installation or the last reset
of the meter. Pressing and holding both but-
tons for 3 seconds resets the meter to 0. The
value is retained when the battery is discon-
nected. After reaching a value of 99.9 kAh,
the meter jumps back to 0 Ah.
6.2.7 Ah Battery discharge meter
Displays the total Ah discharged via the
load output since initial installation or the
last reset of the meter. Pressing and holding
both buttons for 3 seconds resets the meter
to 0. The value is retained when the battery
is disconnected. After reaching a value of
99.9 kAh, the meter jumps back to 0 Ah.
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6.2.8 Deep discharge protection advance warning
The following symbols flash in the various
operating modes to provide advance warn-
ing of deep discharge.
SOC bar (SOC with bar display)
Voltage value (Voltage control)
Voltage value and voltage bar display
(Voltage control with bar display)
The face symbol still looks happy.
6.2.9 Load disconnection
The following symbols flash when the deep
discharge protection is active:
Bar display (not in Voltage control mode)
Battery symbol
Right arrow
Load symbol
Alphanumeric value
The face symbol remains sad until the
switch-on threshold is reached.
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7 Functions
This section describes the basic functions of the charge controller.
Operation of the controller is described under the respective menu items in
Section Configuring the controller.
7.1 SOC calculation
The controller monitors various battery parameters (V, I) during normal
operation and uses this information to calculate the state of charge of the
battery (SOC = state of charge). The state of charge represents the amount
of energy currently available in the battery. The device uses a continuous
learning process to automatically compensate for changes in the system, e.g
through ageing of the battery.
This SOC provides you with an accurate overview of the charge state of
the battery at all times. The controller also uses the SOC information for
selecting the charging method and for deep discharge protection to provide
optimum treatment of the battery. If one or more of the parameters cannot
be correctly measured, e.g. because a load or charging source is directly
connected to the battery, then the SOC calculation will not be correct.
The controller can then be configured to use a simpler, voltage-controlled
charging process, the Voltage control (with bar display) mode; see Section
Operating modes.
The SOC calculation is restarted each time the controller is commissioned.
7.2 Charge control
The controller performs constant voltage charging of the battery. The
maximum current available from the charging source is used for charging
the battery until the final charge voltage is reached. Once charge controlling
takes place, the charge current is controlled via pulse-width modulated
(PWM) shunting of the module input (shunt charge controller).
Different charging methods are used, normal charging, boost charging
and compensation charging, depending on the behaviour of the battery.
The battery type and operating mode settings are taken into account. The
final charge voltage is temperature compensated. A test is automatically
performed every 30 days to see if maintenance charging is required.
7.3 Deep discharge protection
The controller protects the connected battery from excessive discharging.
When the battery drops below a particular charge state (with SOC control)
or battery voltage (with voltage control), the load output is switched off to
prevent further discharge of the battery. Advance warning and disconnec-
tion due to deep discharge are indicated on the display. The deep discharge
thresholds are predefined and cannot be adjusted.
7.4 Night light function
The night light function allows the load output only to be switched on in
darkness (at night). The load output remains switched off when light is
present (day). The light information is provided via the connected solar
module as follows:
The load is switched on as soon as the information from the solar mod-
ule indicates darkness. The load is switched off after a configurable time.
When light is detected, the controller switches off the load output,
regardless of how long the load has been switched on. The different
properties of the different modules make it impossible to exactly specify
the darkness threshold.
A switch-on delay cannot be configured.
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7.5 Daylight function
This function allows a switch-on point for the load output to be defined
that occurs during the night / darkness when daylight is detected. The aim
is to switch on a load a specified number of hours before dawn. The load
output remains switched off outside this period.
The controller recognises Day (= sun symbol) when the module voltage is
greater than the battery voltage and the battery can be charged. Recogni-
tion duration: approx. 30 s.
This duration extends to 15 minutes, when Night was previously detected
due to a solar module not being connected or a module with a reverse
current diode was detected and the module was then correctly reconnected
and battery charging took place.
The controller must first have recognised at least one night / day cycle
before the daylight function can be activated. This means that the daylight
function cannot be activated in the first night following the installation day.
The function can only become active in the following night.
The switching point is thus not based on a specific time of day but rather
relative to the point when the controller detects the transition from night
to day.
This point can be influenced by bad weather, fog or the natural seasonal
changes in the lengths of day and night, so a certain amount of tolerance
is required. This is especially the case when the natural conditions are
interrupted by manual intervention such as disconnection or covering of the
solar modules. Despite this, the controller recalculates the reference point
for the daylight function after each night / day transition and therefore
automatically adapts to the natural conditions after a few days.
Note
The daylight function is not executed when the time periods for
the night light and daylight functions overlap. Overlap means: The
switch-off point of the night light function lies after the switch-on
point of the daylight function. When the night light function ends,
then the daylight function will also end. An overlap of the time
periods can be caused by:
Incorrect setting of the night light and daylight time periods by
the user
Seasonal reductions in the length of the night
Poor weather (heavy cloud)
Covering of the module (snow)
Alternatively: Set the night light function to ON (load output
remains switched on all night, regardless of the daylight function
settings).
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8 Configuring the controller
The following section describes the configuration settings that can be
performed on the controller.
8.1 Accessing and changing settings
Pressing and holding the left button for at least 3 seconds brings you to the
first settings window (Operating mode). Further pressing of the left button
displays other windows. After the last window, the first window is displayed
once more.
Press the right button when you want to change settings in the currently
displayed window. The display then starts flashing. You can now use the left
button to select different settings. You must press the right button to save
the settings you have made. The display then stops flashing.
You can return to the normal display by waiting for 30 seconds or by press-
ing and holding the left button for 3 seconds. This applies to all windows.
The settings are retained when the battery is disconnected.
8.2 Operating modes
The device is supplied with SOC control preset. This means that the charging
method and deep discharge protection are controlled by the calculated SOC
value. If loads are directly connected to the battery and not to the controller
or the battery is also charged from a different source, then the Voltage
control (with bar display) operating mode must be selected. Otherwise, the
SOC calculation may be incorrect.
Notes on the Voltage control with bar display operating mode:
Each of the 10 bar segments represents a particular voltage. The voltage
values are described in Section Technical data, Bar display scaling.
If the voltage lies exactly between two bar segments, then the display
may jump back and forth between the two segments.
8.3 Setting the battery type to Gel / Liquid
The default setting is "Li".
Setting the battery type
affects the final charge
voltage of the controller. If
you use a Gel or AGM battery,
then you must set the battery type to GEL.
Please note: An incorrect battery type setting can damage the battery!
8.4 Night light settings
This setting offers three possibilities in the following sequence
OFF: The function is deactivated (default).
Load switch-on duration selection from 1 to 12 hours (lower middle Fig.).
ON: The load output remains switched on all night.
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8.5 Daylight settings
The daylight function has the following settings:
OFF: The function is deactivated (default).
1 h ... 12 h: Switch-on point before detection of daytime (upper right Fig.).
8.6 Restoring default values (presetting)
Calling the presetting function (PRE) deletes any
previous settings and restores the settings in the
charge controller to the factory defaults.
The factory defaults are:
SOC control / Li battery / Night light OFF / Daylight
OFF
8.7 Self test
The self test can be used to check if the charge
controller is functioning correctly. It also allows
localisation of possible errors.
The self test can only be performed within 5 minutes
of a Power-On Reset (controller start-up through con-
nection of power to the battery connection). After
this period, activating the function causes "InF" to be
displayed (left Fig.).
Perform the self test as follows:
1. Disconnect the solar module.
2. Disconnect load.
3. Disconnect the battery.
4. Reconnect the battery after waiting for 30 seconds.
5. Select the "Self test" menu item within 5 minutes (upper Fig.).
6. Press the right button; the display flashes.
7. Press the left button; the self test starts.
8. Only when "InF" is displayed:
Disconnect the battery, wait 30 seconds, reconnect the battery, pro-
ceed from step 5.
9. The error code is displayed for a number of seconds (see table below).
If an error code other than 000 is displayed: Note the code and contact
a Steca dealer with this information for error analysis.
10. All segments are displayed and then hidden, then the self test window
is displayed again (upper Fig.).
11. In the flashing self test window, press the left button to repeat the self
test or press the right button to end the self test.
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Code Description
000 After displaying the code 000, all LCD segments are displayed
and then hidden.
The controller is OK.
100 Defective solar module input. Possible causes:
Solar module was not disconnected before the test. Check this
and repeat the test if necessary.
Defective controller. Contact your dealer for a more detailed
examination or replacement.
010 Defective load output. Possible causes:
Load was not disconnected before the test. Check this and
repeat the test if necessary.
Defective controller. Contact your dealer for a more detailed
examination or replacement.
001 Defective electronic battery fuse. Possible causes:
Solar module and load were not disconnected before the test.
Check this and repeat the test if necessary.
Defective controller. Contact your dealer for a more detailed
examination or replacement.
011
101
110
111
Solar module or load were not disconnected before the test.
Check this and repeat the test if necessary.
Defective controller. Contact your dealer for a more detailed
examination or replacement.
8.8 Serial number query
Every controller has a unique serial number that can
be queried via this window. Press the right button
and the Sn will start to flash. The serial number can
now be queried by pressing the left button.
The numerals are displayed sequentially: - - - 1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 - - - . The display can be paused and continued using the right
button.
Note the entire numeric sequence for the full serial number.
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9 Error messages
Please note: Never open the device to find faults and do not
attempt to replace components yourself. Incorrectly performed
repairs can result in danger for the user and the system. This
will also invalidate all warranty claims.
When the device detects faults or impermissible operating states, this is
indicated by a flashing error code on the display.
Errors are basically either temporary faults, e.g. temporary overloading of
the device, or serious system errors that require external intervention.
Since multiple errors cannot be displayed at the same time, the error with
the highest error number (priority) is always displayed first. If multiple errors
exist, then the next error code is not displayed until the higher-priority error
has been fixed.
The error codes have the following meanings:
Display Meaning Cause / Remedy
Communication error
with the internal stor-
age (EEPROM).
Disconnect the load, solar
modules and battery. Re-install
the device. If the error recurs,
then please contact your
specialist dealer.
Communication error
on the external Steca
bus (6-pin edge con-
nector).
Check the plug connection
at the 6-pin edge connector,
check the power supply and
check for correct functioning
of external expansions.
If the error recurs, then please
contact your specialist dealer.
Short circuit in
external temperature
sensor.
Check the contacts of the
2-pin edge connector and
remove the short circuit.
Check sensor.
Overtemperature.
The controller has
switched off the
load due to internal
overheating.
Allow the controller to cool
down. Check for possible
causes of overheating (mount-
ing location, other heat
sources). Possibly reduce the
charging current or load cur-
rent. Make sure the controller
is adequately ventilated
Battery voltage too
low.
Voltage < 10.5 V or
< 21.0 V.
Check installation. Check the
battery voltage and manually
recharge the battery if neces-
sary. Loads directly connected
to the battery can cause deep
discharge!
Battery voltage too
high.
Voltage > 15.5 V or
> 31.0 V.
Check installation. Check the
battery voltage and check any
additional charging sources if
present.
Excessive load cur-
rent. The permissible
load current of the
controller was
exceeded, causing
the load output to be
switched off.
Reduce the load current at the
load output.
The load may cause current
peaks.
Try reconnecting the load.
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Display Meaning Cause / Remedy
Excessive module
current.
The permissible input
current of the con-
troller was exceeded.
Reduce the charging current or
module power.
Short circuit at load
output.
Rectify short circuit. Discon-
nect and reconnect the load.