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    Hybrid 11

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    papipapii
    This data is consistent with the Starting Out mode where MG2 provides motive force as a motor while MG1 idles but does not generate electricity. 5. Accelerate to 30mph and cruise at a steady speed. Record the following values: ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

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    Hybrid 11

    Uploaded by

    papipapii
    104 views12 pages
    This data is consistent with the Starting Out mode where MG2 provides motive force as a motor while MG1 idles but does not generate electricity. 5. Accelerate to 30mph and cruise at a steady speed. Record the following values: ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

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    This data is consistent with the Starting Out mode where MG2 provides motive force as a motor while MG1 idles but does not generate electricity. 5. Accelerate to 30mph and cruise at a steady speed. Record the following values: ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    104 views12 pages

    Hybrid 11

    Uploaded by

    papipapii
    This data is consistent with the Starting Out mode where MG2 provides motive force as a motor while MG1 idles but does not generate electricity. 5. Accelerate to 30mph and cruise at a steady speed. Record the following values: ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ

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    of 12

    Section 1

    Principles of Operation
    Overview

    Prius is a Latin word meaning to go before." Toyota chose this name


    because the Prius vehicle is the predecessor of the cars to come. Rapid
    population growth and economic development in recent decades have
    resulted in a sharp increase in fossil fuel consumption on a global
    scale. Faced with the challenges to create an earthfriendly vehicle,
    Toyota has produced the worlds first mass produced hybrid
    automobile.
    The hybrid system is the wave of the future, and now there are more
    incentives to purchase one. Owners of the Prius or any other hybrid
    gasandelectric vehicle, may be eligible for a federal income tax
    deduction. According to the Internal Revenue Service, hybrid vehicles
    qualify for a longstanding tax deduction that applies to vehicles
    powered by cleanburning fuels. The policy allows a onetime deduction
    which can be claimed by the consumer for the year the car was first put
    in use.
    In its simplest form, a hybrid system combines the best operating
    characteristics of an internal combustion engine and an electric motor.
    More sophisticated hybrid systems, such the Toyota Hybrid System,
    recover energy otherwise lost to heat in the brakes and use it to
    supplement the power of its fuelburning engine. These sophisticated
    techniques allow the Toyota Hybrid System to achieve superior fuel
    efficiency and a massive reduction in CO2.
    Upon its release in 2001, the Prius was selected as the worlds
    bestengineered passenger car. The car was chosen because it is the first
    hybrid vehicle that holds four to five people and their luggage. It is also
    one of the most economical and environmentally friendly vehicles
    available. In 2004 the second generation Prius won the prestigious
    Motor Trend Car of the Year Award.
    The Toyota Hybrid System (THS) powertrain in the original Prius and
    the Toyota Hybrid System II (THSII) powertrain in the second
    generation Prius both provide impressive EPA fuel economy numbers
    and extremely clean emissions:

    THS (20012003 Prius)

    THSII (2004 & Later)

    City:

    52 mpg

    City:

    60 mpg

    Highway:

    45 mpg

    Highway:

    51 mpg

    SULEV

    ATPZEV (California Spec.)

    Toyota Hybrid System Diagnosis - Course 072

    1-1

    Section 1

    SULEV standards are about 75% more stringent than ULEV and
    nearly 90% cleaner than LEV for smog forming exhaust gases.
    SULEV vehicles will emit less than a single pound of hydrocarbons
    during 100,000 miles of driving (about the same as spilling a pint of
    gasoline).
    ATPZEV vehicles use advanced technology capable of producing
    zero emissions during at least part of the vehicles drive cycle.

    CARB Emission
    Ratings

    Figure 1.1

    T072f101c

    Figure 1.2

    T072f102c

    Hybrid System
    Component

    1-2

    TOYOTA Technical Training

    Principles of Operation

    Principles of
    Operation

    The main components of the hybrid system are:


    IC Engine
    Motor Generator 1 (MG1)
    Motor Generator 2 (MG2)
    Planetary Gear Set
    Inverter
    HV Battery
    HV ECU
    The 1NZFXE 1.5liter gasoline engine employs VVTi variable valve
    timing and ETCSi electronic throttle control.
    Motor Generator 1 (MG1) operates as the control element for the power
    splitting planetary gear set. It ges the HV battery and also supplies
    electrical power to drive Motor Generator 2 (MG2). MG1 effectively
    controls the continuously variable transmission function of the
    transaxle and operates as the engine starter. MG2 is used for motive
    force at low speeds and supplemental force at high speeds. It provides
    power assist to the engine output as needed and helps the vehicle
    achieve excellent dynamic performance. It also functions as a generator
    during regenerative braking.
    The planetary gear unit is a power splitting device. MG1 is connected
    to the sun gear, MG2 is connected to the ring gear and the engine
    output shaft is connected to the planet carrier. These components are
    used to combine power delivery from the engine and MG2 and to
    recover energy to the HV battery. Current between MG1, MG2 and the
    HV battery is controlled by the inverter. The inverter converts
    highvoltage battery DC to AC power and it rectifies highvoltage AC
    from MG1 and MG2 to recharge the highvoltage battery.
    The battery stores power recovered by MG2 during regenerative
    braking and power generated by MG1. The battery supplies power to
    the electric motor when starting off or when additional power is
    required.

    THS (20012003 Prius)

    THSII (2004 and later Prius)

    38 Nickel Metal Hydride modules

    28 Nickel Metal Hydride modules

    Total voltage: 273.6V

    Total voltage: 201.6V

    Toyota Hybrid System Diagnosis - Course 072

    1-3

    Section 1

    When starting off and traveling at low speeds, MG2 provides the
    primary motive force. The engine may start immediately if the HV
    battery State ofCharge (SOC) is low. As speed increases above 15 to
    20 mph the engine will start.
    When driving under normal conditions the engines energy is divided
    into two paths; a portion drives the wheels and a portion drives MG1 to
    produce electricity. The HV ECU controls the energy distribution ratio
    for maximum efficiency.
    During full acceleration power generated by the engine and MG1 is
    supplemented by power from the HV battery. Engine torque combined
    with MG2 torque delivers the power required to accelerate the vehicle.
    During deceleration or braking the wheels drive MG2. MG2 acts as a
    generator for regenerative power recovery. The recovered energy from
    braking is stored in the HV battery pack.

    Hybrid Control
    Modes

    The hybrid system uses various modes to achieve the most efficient
    operation in response to the driving conditions. The following graphics
    review each of these modes.

    Starting Out When starting out under light load and light throttle only MG2 turns
    to provide power. The engine does not run and the vehicle runs on
    electric power only. MG1 rotates backwards and just idles; it does not
    generate electricity.

    Starting Out
    The electric power supply
    from the HV battery to MG2
    provides force to drive
    the wheels.

    Figure 1.3

    1-4

    TOYOTA Technical Training

    T072f103c

    Principles of Operation

    Normal Driving Above approximately 14 mph during normal lowspeed driving the
    engine runs and provides power. MG2 turns and runs as a motor and
    provides an electric assist. MG1 is turned in the same direction by the
    engine as a generator and provides electricity for MG2.

    Normal Driving
    While the engine drives
    the wheels via the
    planetary gears, MG1 is
    driven via the planetary
    gears to supply electricity
    to MG2.

    Figure1.4

    T072f104c

    Full Throttle For maximum acceleration or speed, electric drive power from MG2
    Acceleration and supplements engine power. The HV battery provides electricity to MG2.
    High Speed Cruise MG1 also receives electrical power from the HV battery and turns in the
    reverse direction to create an overdrive ratio for maximum speed.

    Full Throttle
    Acceleration and
    High Speed Cruise
    MG2 supplements engine
    power for maximum
    acceleration or speed.

    Figure 1.5

    T072f105c

    Toyota Hybrid System Diagnosis - Course 072

    1-5

    Section 1

    Deceleration and As soon as the accelerator pedal is released by the driver MG2 becomes
    Braking a generator. MG2 is turned by the drive wheels and generates
    electricity to recharge the HV battery. This process is called
    Regenerative Braking. As the vehicle decelerates, the engine stops
    running and MG1 turns backwards to maintain the gear ratio.
    When the brake pedal is depressed most of the initial braking force
    comes from Regenerative Braking and the force required to turn MG2
    as a generator. The hydraulic brakes provide more stopping power as
    the vehicle slows.

    Deceleration and
    Braking
    When the vehicle
    decelerates, kinetic energy
    from the wheels is
    recovered and converted
    into electrical energy and
    used to recharge the HV
    battery by means of MG2.

    Figure 1.6

    1-6

    TOYOTA Technical Training

    T072f106c

    Principles of Operation

    Reverse When the vehicle moves in reverse, MG2 turns in reverse as an electric
    motor. The engine does not run. MG1 turns in the forward direction
    and just idles; it does not generate electricity.

    Reverse
    MG2 rotates backwards to
    move the vehicle in
    reverse.The engine does
    not run.

    Figure 1.7

    T072f107c

    Toyota Hybrid System Diagnosis - Course 072

    1-7

    Section 1

    1-8

    TOYOTA Technical Training

    Principles of Operation

    WORKSHEET 1-1
    Data List Test Drive

    Vehicle

    Year/Prod. Date

    Engine

    Transmission

    Worksheet Objectives
    In this worksheet you will use the Diagnostic Tester and TechView to obtain and view relevant information and
    observe data lists while driving the vehicle. You will then relate this information to the different components and
    technologies of the hybrid system.

    Tools and Equipment

    Vehicle

    Diagnostic Tester

    TIS Machine w/TechView

    Section 1 - Data Lists


    1. Connect the Diagnostic Tester to DLC3. Start the vehicle (READY light ON).
    2. Go to HV ECU, Data List.
    3. Create a User Data List with the following items:

    MG1 REV

    MG2 REV

    MG1 TORQ

    MG2 TORQ

    POWER RQST

    ENGINE SPD

    VEHICLE SPEED

    Note: Remember that when REV and TORQ are the same (both + positive or both - negative) the component is
    being used as a MOTOR. When REV and TORQ are different (i.e. REV + & TORQ -) the component is a
    GENERATOR.

    Toyota Hybrid System Diagnosis - Course 072

    1-9

    Section 1

    4. From a stop, lightly accelerate to 20mph. Record the following values:

    MG1 REV-

    MG1 TORQ -

    MG2 REV -

    MG2 TORQ -

    ENGINE SPD-

    5. Is MG1 being used as motor or a generator?

    6. Is MG2 being used as a motor or generator?

    7. Is the engine running?

    8. Bring vehicle speed up to approximately 35 mph. Record the following values:


    MG1 REV-

    MG1 TORQ -

    MG2 REV -

    MG2 TORQ -

    ENGINE SPD-

    9. Is MG1 being used as motor or a generator?

    10. Is MG2 being used as a motor or generator?

    11. Is the engine running?

    12. Bring vehicle speed up to approximately 45 mph. Record the following values:

    MG1 REV-

    MG1 TORQ -

    MG2 REV -

    MG2 TORQ -

    ENGINE SPD-

    1-10

    TOYOTA Technical Training

    Principles of Operation

    13. Is MG1 being used as motor or a generator?

    14. Is MG2 being used as a motor or generator?

    15. Is the engine running?

    Section 2 - Snapshot & TechView Data


    1. While braking, take a snapshot of:

    MG1 REV

    MG1 TORQ

    MG2 REV

    MG2 TORQ

    ENGINE SPD

    VEHICLE SPD

    ACC SENSOR MAIN

    2. Drive at low speeds in reverse and take a snapshot of:

    MG1 REV

    MG1 TORQ

    MG2 REV

    MG2 TORQ

    ENGINE SPD

    VEHICLE SPD

    ACC SENSOR MAIN

    3. Take a snapshot of while in the B Mode:

    MG1 REV

    MG1 TORQ

    MG2 REV

    MG2 TORQ

    ENGINE SPD

    VEHICLE SPD

    ACC SENSOR MAIN

    Toyota Hybrid System Diagnosis - Course 072

    1-11

    Section 1

    4. Return to the shop and load the snapshots on TechView. Play the snapshots back for the instructor using
    one of the graphing functions.
    5. While braking, what are MG1 & MG2 doing? Why?

    6. While in reverse, what are MG1 & MG2 doing? Why?

    7. While in the B mode, what are MG1 & MG2 doing? Why?

    1-12

    TOYOTA Technical Training

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