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    Pre-Historic Architecture

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    Han Wu
    Pre-historic Architecture Notes and handouts for college students. It is the history of Pre-Historic Architecture lecture broken down into details to further understand

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Pre-Historic Architecture

    Uploaded by

    Han Wu
    939 views5 pages
    Pre-historic Architecture Notes and handouts for college students. It is the history of Pre-Historic Architecture lecture broken down into details to further understand

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Pre-historic Architecture Notes and handouts for college students. It is the history of Pre-Historic Architecture lecture broken down into details to further understand

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    939 views5 pages

    Pre-Historic Architecture

    Uploaded by

    Han Wu
    Pre-historic Architecture Notes and handouts for college students. It is the history of Pre-Historic Architecture lecture broken down into details to further understand

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5
    At a glance
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    The key takeaways from the passage are that architecture has evolved from simple shelters to meet basic human needs to complex structures that serve religious, civic and social functions. Early humans sought shelter for protection, comfort and food storage. As humanity progressed, permanent settlements developed along with specialized structures for living, worship, storage and burial.

    The three stages in the cultural evolution of man according to the passage are: 1) Paleolithic or Old Stone Age, 2) Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age, and 3) Neolithic.

    Some examples of prehistoric religious structures mentioned are: dolmens, stone circles like Stonehenge, menhirs or standing stones, barrows or tumuli burial mounds.

    Page 1 of 5

    HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE I:
    Pre Historic Architecture
    By: Archt. Chris Luna, uap

    A history of architecture is a record of mans
    efforts to build beautifully.

    It is concerned not only in sheltering man and
    ministering to his comfort, but also in providing
    him with places for worship, amusement, and
    business; with tombs, memorials,
    embellishments for his cities, and other
    structures for the varied needs of a complex
    civilization.

    Architecture had a simple origin in the primitive
    endeavors of mankind. It is an ancient and
    necessary art and thus the beginnings of
    architecture are part of prehistory.

    Why did man seek shelter?
    1. Protection
    from elements of nature
    from wild animals
    2. Comfort
    to sleep & rest
    3. Food storage
    4. Perpetuation of human life



    3 Stages in the Cultural Evolution of Man

    1. Stone Age
    3-Stage Chronology:
    a. Paleolithic or Old Stone Age
    used stone and bone as instruments
    livelihood from hunting & food gathering
    learned to make fire
    lived in caves & rock shelters




    b. Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age
    fashioned stone tools like the bow
    made body coverings from animal hides
    made the canoe for fishing
    built huts from bones, animal hides,
    reeds & grass
    c. Neolithic
    Once human beings settle down to the business
    of agriculture, instead of hunting & gathering,
    permanent settlements become a factor of life &
    story of architecture can begin.
    polished stone tools for grinding, cutting
    & chopping
    development of pottery
    agriculture (wheat & barley) &
    domesticated animals
    sew clothing from animal hides using
    fish bones as needles
    built huts of stones & mud with thatched
    roofing
    practiced burial rituals & built tombs

    2. Bronze Age
    most advanced metalworking with
    copper



    Page 2 of 5

    3. Iron Age
    cutting tools and weapons were mainly
    made of iron or steel



    PREHISTORIC RELIGIOUS STRUCTURES

    A. Megalith
    is a large stone used to construct a structure
    either alone or together with other stones,
    utilizing an interlocking system without the
    use of mortar or cement.

    a. Dolmen/Cromlech
    2 or more upright stones supporting a
    stone or stone slab.


    Wedge Tomb, Ireland











    b. Stone Circle

    Court Tomb, Ireland

    Stonehenge is one of the most famous sites in
    the world & composed of earthworks
    surrounding a circular setting of large standing
    stones.

    The Stonehenge site and its surroundings were
    added to the UNESCOs list of World Heritage
    Sites in 1986.


    Stonehenge Plan

    Archaeological evidence indicates that the
    Stonehenge served as a burial ground from its
    earliest beginnings.



    Page 3 of 5

    c. Stone Row

    Merrivale Stone Row, England

    B. Monolith or Maenhir is a great upright
    stone.


    Avebury Monolith, England








    C. Barrow/Tumulus
    is an earthen mound burial.


    Tumuli, Gyeongju, Korea has 23 royal tombs from the Silla
    Dynasty

    PREHISTORIC DWELLINGS

    1. Rock Shelter is a shallow cave-like opening
    at the base of a bluff or cliff.


    Rock Shelter at Lane Cove, NSW, Australia

    2. Cave


    Jenolan Caves, NSW, Australia






    Page 4 of 5

    3. Cliff Dwelling


    Guyaju Cliff Dwelling, China

    4. Hut


    Clochan Beehive Hut, Ireland


    Mud Huts, Syria








    Katal Huyuk, Turkey, were rectangular, single-
    roomed with mud-plastered walls & floors.



    Access was by ladder from the roof. There were
    no roads but everybody walked on each others
    roof.






    Terra Amata Hut, France

    Page 5 of 5



    Apache Wickiup (grass & reeds)


    Native American Wigwam







    Prehistoric Mammoth Bone Hut, Ukraine




    Eskimo Igloo, Alaska


    5. Tent


    Tuareg Tents (Camel & Goat Hides)


    Native American Tipi (Animal hide)

    Topic Sources and References:
    History of Architecture 20
    th
    edition Sir
    Banister Fletcher, Architectural Press, 1996.
    Pre-historic Architecture PowerPoint
    Arch. Ma. Vicenta Sanchez, UST College of
    Architecture
    Various internet articles related to the topic

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