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9 Dongzhimen North Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100007, P. R. China
[email protected]
www.cnpc.com.cn
China National Petroleum Corporation
China National Petroleum Corporation
CNPC in Latin America
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Contents
Chairman's Message 02
Interview with the Regional Head 04
Creating a Multicultural Cooperation Atmosphere 10
Pursuing HSE Excellence 16
Winning Trust with Technology 22
Caring for Community Development 32
About Us 40
About this Report 41
2
Chairmans
Message
In recent years, oil and gas cooperation between
China and host countries in Latin America has
resulted in impressive accomplishments. In October
1993, China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC)
made its entry into Peru by winning an international
tender, where it started international oil and
gas operations. Over the past two decades, we
have witnessed the steady progress of Sino-Latin
American oil and gas cooperation. As a witness to
this, I have visited Venezuela, Peru and Ecuador
many times and established good partnership as
well as friendships with local governments and the
oil and gas sectors.
In the past two decades, adhering to the
international cooperation principle of mutually
beneficial cooperation for common development ,
CNPC has brought Chinas technologies, managerial
expertise, experience and capital to Latin America.
With rich experience and proven technologies
in oil and gas exploration and development, we
have helped host countries address challenges in
increasing reserves and production, enhancing
recovery efficiency, and tapping ultra-heavy oil
reservoirs. Our cooperation projects have yielded
remarkable economic and social benefits, winning
CNPC the respect and trust of local governments, oil
companies and communities.
Latin America is not only one of the worlds most
important oil-producing regions, it is also home to
the Earths richest and most diverse Amazon rain
forest ecosystem. To protect this most precious
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natural treasure, we have strictly complied with and
enforced local laws, regulations and international
standards for environmental protection during our
operations, and actively implemented a safe, green
and resource-conserving development model, in an
effort to minimize our environmental impact. For its
outstanding performance in protecting the local rain
forest, CNPC holding Andes Petroleum Ecuador Ltd.
was granted the Best HSE/Sustainable Development
Award from World Oil.
We strictly abide by the labor laws, regulations
and policies of host countries and attach great
importance to recruiting and cultivating local
management, and technical and skilled workers
in the oil and gas sector. At our enterprises in
Latin American countries, we actively promote
local hiring, giving special attention to the career
development of local employees. We are pleased
to note that local employees now account for more
than 88% of our total staff there, who are now
playing an increasingly important role in oilfield
production and management.
As a responsible investor, CNPC always pays close
attention to the sustainable development of the
places where we operate. We maintain good
communication with all local stakeholders through
various means and channels. With their specific
needs and requirements in mind, we strive to ensure
that our social welfare activities are practical and
efficient. Over the past 20 years, we have carried out
a series of social welfare and charitable programs
Chairmans
Message
in local communities, covering a wide range of
areas including educational and medical facilities,
agricultural infrastructure, disaster relief and aid,
and environmental protection. Through these
programs, we have not only helped improve local
living conditions, but also won recognition, trust and
praise from local governments and people.
The fruitful oil and gas cooperation between
CNPC and our Latin American counterparts would
have been impossible without the support and
cooperation of local governments, oil companies,
communities, our partners and NGOs. CNPC is willing
to further contribute to social progress in host
countries and Sino-Latin American friendship, and
will remain committed to facilitating the sustainable
development of Latin Americas oil industry through
energy cooperation.
Thank you for reading this report, and we appreciate
your valuable comments.
Zhou Jiping, Chairman
4
Latin America is the first region CNPC entered for
international oil and gas operation. In 1993, we won the
tender to develop Block 7 of Perus Talara Oilfield. This
was the first time a Chinese oil company developed
an overseas oilfield by participating in international
tenders. In 1995, we obtained the right to develop
Block 6 of the same oilfield. The Block 6/7 project in
Talara Oilfield marked CNPCs first overseas venture
and blazed a trail for Chinese oil companies to explore
the international market and participate in overseas
oilfield development. In addition, the project allowed
CNPC to accumulate experience and foster talents for
its future international operations. As a team member
at the very beginning, I worked in Peru for six years in
charge of geological research. Talara is a marginal oilfield
with a development history of more than 100 year s. For
CNPC, the key to rejuvenating this almost abandoned
field was how to apply our sophisticated theories and
proven expertise in exploring and developing complex
domestic fault-block oilfields in Peru. Fortunately, the
project was successful, thanks to our teams painstaking
and innovative work. We drilled the deepest oil-
producing well, No.13209 in Talara, and a number of
high-yield wells such as No.13218, with a daily output
of more than 1,000 barrels. Re-perforating made well
No.4226 able to produce at a daily rate of more than
3,000 barrels, the highest yield by reservoir stimulation
in Talaras history. Many high-yield oil wells were also
successfully drilled in Block 7. In addition, we took
measures to restore the shutdown wells and further
tapped their oil-producing potential. As a result, the
fields oil output grew from 1,600 barrels per day
when we took over to more than 7,000 barrels per day,
resulting in healthy returns and making it CNPCs first
overseas project to realize a return on its investment.
Moreover, the project increased local employment and
generated considerable tax revenue for the Peruvian
government. Our success at Block 6/7 in Talara greatly
inspired Perus oil industry, boosting our confidence and
establishing a good corporate image for CNPC.
In retrospect, we can attribute our success in Latin
America to the fact that we have always adhered to
the principle of mutually beneficial cooperation for
common development, to work with host countries in
a sincere, lawful, and responsible manner, in compliance
with international standards. We introduced Chinas
Interview with the Regional Head
Ye Xiandeng
President of CNPC America Ltd.
1
2013 marks the 20th year of CNPCs presence in Latin America. What are your views on the fruitful oil and
gas cooperation between CNPC and host countries over the past 20 years?
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proven technologies and provided comprehensive and
integrated solutions for oilfield development and EOR.
At Talaras Block 6/7 in Peru, we identified new high-yield
pay zones and significantly boosted oil production. At
the Caracoles and Intercampo Oilfields in Venezuela, in
addition to unlocking the potential of old oil wells, we
drilled a series of high-yield wells by making ingenious
and innovative use of new techniques such as horizontal
drilling and electrical submersible pumping systems,
thereby successfully increasing the projects daily oil
production from 4,900 barrels to 40,000 barrels, an
impressive eight-fold jump. CNPCs early projects in
Latin America not only achieved remarkable results,
but also helped the company establish relationships
based on mutual trust with the governments, oil sector
and relevant companies of the host countries, which
earned up great praise and recognition, laying a solid
foundation for winning the bids as well as the smooth
operation of the Andes project in Ecuador, Block
1AB/8 project in Peru, and the MPE3 project and Block
Junin 4 project in Venezuela.
Over the past 20 years, CNPC has been steadily
expanding its cooperation scale in Latin America, with
both oil reserves and production in the cooperation
zones greatly increased, laying a substantial foundation
for the sustainable growth of the companys oil and gas
operations in the region. In the meantime, the upstream
boom has energetically driven the companys business
in oilfield services, export of petroleum materials
and equipment, and oil trading continue to grow in
both scale and scope, making CNPC an influential
comprehensive service provider in Latin America, with
our integrated operations brought into full play.
As a responsible investor, we pay close attention to the
demands of all stakeholders in the host countries, and
always do our best to help local communities. Over
the years, we have worked with our partners to invest
extensively in public welfare projects, engage in poverty
alleviation and disaster relief efforts, and care for
vulnerable groups. We abide by local laws, respect local
culture and customs, and attach great importance to
environmental protection where we operate. In our joint
ventures, we promote cultural diversity and multicultural
integration, care for the well-being of our employees,
and steadfastly implement the concept of win-win
development with our Latin American partners.
Interview with the Regional Head
2
In recent years, some Latin American host countries have adjusted their energy policies, how has CNPC
America adapted to the changes in the investment environment in order to achieve sustainable development?
Since 2006, some Latin American countries have initiated
a new round of nationalization in the oil and gas sector.
In response to the changing operating environment,
we have endeavored to gain a profound understanding
of the new policies by communicating with relevant
government departments, in order to better prepare
ourselves for the shifting role and explore new
corporate management mechanisms with our partners.
In Venezuela, for example, we set up a senior steering
committee, a board of directors of the joint venture,
and a professional committee in conjunction with
PDVSA, to participate in the management of the joint
venture. The Chinese employees give full play to their
technical and managerial expertise and maintain active
communication with local staff to help solve operational
and technical problems. Our contributions and efforts
have effectively facilitated the operation of the joint
venture and won full approval from the Venezuelan side.
After the restructuring of the Venezuelan project, the
joint venture adopted Spanish as its working language.
In order to ensure smooth and efficient communication
between the Chinese and Venezuelan sides of the joint
venture, we have constantly reinforced the training
of our Chinese staff in language and business skills.
Those competent in communication, coordination
and business operation are selected to work at the
joint venture, not only facilitating the development
of the joint venture, but also serving as a bridge
between the Chinese team, the joint venture and the
major shareholders. Efforts are also made to drive
home the point that only through cooperation can
we achieve win-win outcomes. As a Chinese saying
goes, A full and great river makes a full creek, which
indicates that only if the joint venture develops, can
the shareholders benefit from it. In addition, we attach
great importance to employee localization. In our Andes
project in Ecuador and the Block 6/7 project in Peru,
local employees account for more than 90% of the total
staff. By promoting multicultural integration, we pursue
common development in a harmonious way.
66
As we know, Latin America is a mature market for oil
and gas investments. However, most of the oil and
gas fields in the region are located in places where
the natural environment is relatively vulnerable,
especially in rainforest areas. Petroleum extraction may
exert a negative impact on the local flora, fauna and
indigenous people. The governments of host countries
and the local people impose stringent requirements on
the environmental friendliness of oil operations, with
harsh punishments meted out to violators of relevant
laws and regulations. Since the day we entered Latin
America, we have been paying close attention to our
HSE work. By integrating the HSE laws and regulations
of host countries, international standards, and CNPCs
HSE concept and practices, we continuously improve
our HSE system and enhance our HSE culture, with
impressive performance being achieved.
Thanks to the concerted efforts of all our staff, we
have maintained an excellent HSE record in the local
oil and gas operations, without any major accident
reported for 19 consecutive years. The MPE3 project
in Venezuela set the record for 20 million man-hours
with no personal safety accident or environmental
pollution accident. In Ecuador, we strive to build a
harmonious oil zone in the Andes project, and reached
permanent peace agreements with the local southern
and northern communities respectively. Our efforts
won the Exemplar Company award from the local
government as well as the Best Foreign Company
in HSE and Community Undertakings award from
Ecuadors Ministry of Energy and Mining and the
Ministry of National Defense. Our projects in Peru
actively launch Green Development and Green
Community activities, which are highly commended
by the Peruvian government and local communities.
CNPCs oilfield service companies have also received
many rewards from the local governments and NOCs,
such as the title of Green Drilling Crew and awards for
safe and quality operation.
The excellent HSE record is attributed to our adherence
to CNPCs green development philosophy and safety
culture, strict enforcement of HSE regulations and
local requirements, and continuous HSE training and
education. Taking into account the specific HSE laws,
regulations and requirements of the countries we
operate in, we keep intensifying our HSE management
to implement an accountability system for safety
and environmental protection and standardize our
production and operating procedures. In CNPC
operated projects, our HSE efforts are mainly focused
on safety inspection and monitoring and environmental
protection during oil and gas production and well
drilling; whereas for non-CNPC operated projects,
efforts are mainly made to check the implementation
of HSE measures. To nip any danger in the bud, we
emphasize the monitoring and control of key HSE links,
and carry out inspections on a regular basis to spot
hidden risks. Corrective measures are formulated to
ensure all hidden risks are dealt with in a timely manner.
Employees health is one of our top concerns.
We actively implement healthcare programs for
employees, such as strengthening relevant measures
in a targeted manner to prevent tropical infectious
diseases form threatening our employees health and
always making timely treatment available. Vaccinations
are regularly provided to employees against diseases
including yellow fever, and information on local
infectious diseases and preventive measures is
released periodically.
3
How does CNPC America manage to maintain its excellent HSE record?
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7
In our international operations, CNPC always upholds
the mission of Caring for energy, Caring for you
and adheres to the principle of mutually beneficial
cooperation for common development. We actively
engage in public welfare undertakings in host
countries, and take the initiative to boost the local
economy and benefit local people. Since 1993, CNPC
has been conducting public welfare programs in Latin
America in a wide range of areas, including funding for
education, poverty alleviation, agriculture, healthcare,
public facilities, culture and sports, and environmental
protection. In 2010, Venezuela was hit by the worst
flood in 50 years, with nearly 130,000 people seriously
affected. CNPC promptly donated USD 300,000 to
the Venezuelan government for flood relief. Temir
Porras, Vice Foreign Minister of Venezuela, said that the
donation reflected the bond between the two countries
and the two NOCs. Employees of the Junin 4 project
have donated stationery to impoverished local students
for many years. The joint ventures of the MPE3 project,
the Zumano project and the Caracoles and Intercampo
project in Venezuela have actively participated in the
countrys housing program, building nearly 100 dwellings
in five municipal areas from 2011 to 2012, benefiting
more than 10,000 local people. In the past few years,
the Zumano project has continuously donated clothing,
electrical appliances and other materials to local schools
to improve the students learning and living conditions.
In 2007, the cassava processing plant, in which the
Caracoles and Intercampo project invested USD 240,000,
became Venezuelas third largest one in terms of
production. The project company was praised by the
local government and PDVSA as a role model in HSE
and public welfare undertakings.
Our Andes project in Ecuador is located in a tropical
rain forest, which is home to some indigenous people
lacking necessary infrastructure. Since our takeover
in 2006, the project company and its partners have
launched a series of assistance programs for local
communities, including helping to build community
hospitals and schools, providing medical assistance
and educational training. These programs have greatly
facilitated the harmonious relationship between the
company and local communities, and brought both
economic and social benefits.
In Peru, the Block 6/7 project company has offered
assistance in building a number of schools, and
also helped some local schools by renovating or
constructing classrooms and computer rooms, hiring
teachers, donating books and stationery, providing
scholarships, and purchasing desks and chairs. The
Block 1AB/8 project company has entered into an
agreement with the Loreto provincial government to
build a demonstration school in the rain forest region
and provide teaching programs, to ensure that all local
children over five years old have access to education.
In addition, it provided financial aid to students from
impoverished indigenous families.
In 2011, our project company in Costa Rica participated
in charity events organized by the Diplomats Spouses
Association, making donations to local people.
Over the years, our dedication to public welfare
undertakings in host countries in Latin America has
facilitated local social development and promoted
harmonious coexistence between the oil zones and
local communities, winning us widespread recognition
and praise from local stakeholders, as well as a favorable
environment for the smooth operation of CNPCs
overseas oil and gas cooperation projects.
4
How does CNPC America fulfill its corporate social responsibility? What is your focus in public welfare
activities? Have these activities earned CNPC the understanding and recognition of local communities?
7
8
Introduction
Although they are far apart, China and Latin
America enjoy a long history of friendly
exchanges. Legend has it that some Chinese
monks sailed to Mexico as early as the 5th century
AD. And according to documentary records, the
maritime Silk Route, in the Wan Li period of the
Ming Dynasty (late 16th century) greatly facilitated
communication and trade between the Chinese
and Latin American peoples.
Today, cooperation between China and Latin
America is in full swing, exemplified by frequent
bilateral meetings and communication between
state leaders and heads of government. So far,
China has established strategic partnerships with
Venezuela, Brazil, Mexico, Argentina and Peru
respectively. In the past decade, the Sino-Latin
American relationship has entered a new period of
rapid growth, with comprehensive, wide-ranging
and multilateral cooperation achievements made
in finance, energy, infrastructure, high-tech
and agriculture.
Since 2001, the trade volume between China and
Latin American countries has seen an average
annual growth rate of more than 30%, reaching
USD 261.24 billion in 2012. China has signed free
trade agreements with Chile, Peru and Costa Rica.
With its non-financial investment in Latin America
exceeding USD 54 billion, China has become the
regions second largest trading partner and a
major investor.
At a similar stage of development and with highly
complementary industries, China and Latin America
have vast potential for cooperation. Chinese
companies have entered into numerous cooperation
agreements with the governments of Ecuador and
Venezuela in fields such as energy, infrastructure
and telecommunication, which not only brought
new investment opportunities to Chinese companies
but also helped boost local socioeconomic
development. This ever-deepening and expanding
mutually beneficial cooperation has pioneered a
new model of South-South Cooperation.
Latin America is a true cradle of ancient
civilization. The Indians are the pioneer and
creator of the ancient civilizations of the Americas,
and contributed greatly to the development of
human culture by rearing crops and livestock.
With their brilliant wisdom, the Ancient Indians
created the splendid Mayan Civilization, the Aztec
Civilization and the Inca Civilization. With the
unfolding of history, Latin America has become
a hub for various ethnic and racial groups, where
Asian, European and local culture experienced
convergence and fusion, culminating in a rich,
diverse and unique Latin American culture.
As an envoy of friendship, CNPC entered this
beautiful land in 1993, seeking cooperation
opportunities with Latin American counterparts.
Over the past 20 years, we have built sincere and
trustworthy relationships with local industrial
players. Today, CNPC is present in Venezuela,
Ecuador, Peru, Costa Rica, Colombia and Cuba,
cooperating with our partners in oil and gas
exploration and development. In particular, we
share our experience and expertise in exploring
and tapping complex hydrocarbon reservoirs,
boosting reserves and the output of mature
fields, ultra-heavy oil extraction, and horizontal
well drilling. Our excellent performance in
management, technology, HSE and social
responsibility has been highly recognized by
the governments, enterprises, partners and
communities of host countries.
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10
Creating a Multicultural Cooperation
Atmosphere
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Employees are CNPCs most valuable asset, and
the retention of local talents is fundamental to
the companys sustainable development. To this
end, CNPC America strives to create a working
environment that advocates appreciation and
cooperation, in order to enable excellent teamwork
among employees of different nationalities.
To give local employees a better understanding
of Chinese culture, we invited the dean of the
Confucius Institute at the University of San Francisco
de Quito, an old China hand who once studied
in China, to give lectures to our local staff on the
essence of Chinese culture. Every year, we send
selected local managers, technicians and workers
to China for training and visiting and to experience
Chinese culture. In addition, various activities are
held, including showcasing Chinese folk art pieces
and ornaments, to introduce Chinese traditional
customs to local employees.
Andes Petroleum Ecuador Ltd. has established a
multinational workforce to sustain the companys
long-term and stable growth. Since taking over
the project in 2006, CNPC has created 453 job
opportunities for the local community, with the
number of local employees registering an annual
growth rate of 14%, thereby effectively promoting
local employment and social stability. Local
employees now account for 95% of the companys
payroll, with their proportion in managerial, technical
and operational positions reaching 95%, 90% and
100% respectively. So far, nearly 100 local employees
have been promoted, achieving personal growth
along with the development of the company.
Among them, 53 regular employees or coordinators
were promoted to the position of section chief;
11 section chiefs were promoted to department
head; 21 were promoted to deputy manager; seven
were promoted to manager; and five were promoted
to consultant to company president.
Yin Juntai
Vice President of CNPC America Ltd.
12
The company complies with the labor policies and
employment security laws and regulations of the
host countries. In accordance with unified human
resource policies and standards, we are committed
to creating a working environment that is inclusive,
equal, trusting and cooperative, and building a
platform for our employees career development.
We actively promote employee localization and
have built a diversified talent pool of different
nationalities with various cultural and religious
backgrounds. As of 2012, CNPC Americas local
employee ratio exceeded 88%.
project in Ecuador and Block 1AB/8 project in Peru
organized training programs for the certification
of electricians, machinists and other positions.
They also provided indigenous people living in
surrounding areas with permanent or temporary
employment, enabling them to gain related skills
in oilfield production and participate in production
activities. In order to conquer the language barrier
and increase mutual understanding, the Chinese
employees put a lot of efforts into mastering
Spanish, while many local employees take time to
learn Chinese. Currently, in CNPC America Ltd.,
40% of the Chinese employees can speak both
English and Spanish when communicating with local
employees at work. In 2012, two local employees
were awarded as outstanding employees in CNPCs
overseas cooperation.
By organizing various cultural and sports activities,
the company helps to enrich employees spare
time and promote multicultural integration. For
instance, we hold employee birthday parties every
month, and organize outward bound training, sports
meetings and a Christmas party every year, which
have strengthened mutual trust and understanding
among employees, and allowed them to feel
the harmonious atmosphere of CNPC as a caring
international employer.
CNPCs project companies in Latin America attach
great importance to the cultivation of local
employees, and facilitate their career development
by establishing a tailored promotion mechanism and
offering skill training programs. In order to help local
employees quickly grasp oil production equipment
operation and maintenance skills, CNPCs Andes
Local employees
88%
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Outstanding local employees
Vicente de la Rosa is a CNPC employee of Peruvian
nationality. Joining CNPC in 1995, he now serves
as the deputy manager of the exploration and
development department of Block 6/7 project in
Peru, mainly in charge of reservoir engineering. With
outstanding technical skills and experience, he enjoys
a good reputation among employees.
Vincente boasts rich technical knowledge and
experience. In view of the large number of completed
wells at Block 6/7, he proposed measures targeted at
restoring shut-in wells and boosting the output of
old wells. Under his leadership, more than 600 long
shut-in wells were successfully restored to obtain
a cumulative output of 3.19 million barrels, and
stimulation measures were taken at 244 old wells to
yield an additional 1.89 million barrels. In particular, well J74 saw an increased daily output of 505 barrels
after it was stimulated, the best result achieved in more than 10 years at Block 6/7. In 2012, Vincente was
awarded as one of CNPCs outstanding overseas employees in recognition of the positive role he played in
rejuvenating old wells and maintaining stable oil output at Block 6/7.
Luis Rojas (left) is a veteran CNPC employee of
Venezuelan nationality. Having worked for CNPC for
more than 10 years, he now serves as a consultant
to CNPC Americas exploration and development
department, mainly responsible for technical support
and coordination.
Relying on his abundant industrial expertise and
excellent coordination skills, he has become a
valuable communication link between CNPC and the
local government. In addition, he also actively works
with CNPC Americas board of directors in examining
exploration and development plans, revising
business programs, and auditing budgets, involving
production capacity expansion for the MPE3 project,
maintenance of ground processing equipment, comprehensive study of the Zumano project, and 3D
seismic data acquisition for the Junin 4 project. In 2012, Luis was awarded as CNPCs outstanding overseas
employee to praise his contributions to the company over the years.
14
Ive been working for the company for 18 years. Here everybody respects each
other and everyone has a high sense of responsibility. I love its wonderful cultural
environment. The company also encourages us by raising our salaries and offering
training programs. Currently, the company is about to enter a new development
stage, and I wish it would get better and better.
Luis Wong
Employee, Block 6/7 project company in Peru
I feel honored and lucky to be part of CNPC and have been working for the
company for more than seven years. Here, Chinese and Venezuelan employees
have a wonderful time working together, becoming good buddies with each
other. Over the past seven years, Ive learned a lot of professional skills, as well
as good qualities such as self-discipline and dedication to work. The experience
enriched me and instilled in me a great sense of belonging. As a veteran of the
local company, I intend to improve myself in the coming days, and Im eager to
reach higher goals along with the company.
Wonder Cipriani
Production analyst, MPE3 project company in Venezuela
I had worked for quite a few international companies. I think AndesPetro has
done a great job in cultural fusion. Only when you keep learning about the local
culture, values and way of thinking can you make cross-culture communication
more effective. AndesPetro has demonstrated persistence and patience in
understanding Ecuador. I believe the Andes project will surely have a better future
with the joint efforts of both the Chinese and Ecuadorian sides.
Maria Soledad Moreno
Legal counsel to the President, Andes Petroleum Ecuador Ltd.
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1. Sports meeting
2. Birthday party
3. Christmas party
4. Outward bound activities
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Pursuing HSE Excellence
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The oil zone of AndesPetro is located in the heartland of the
Amazon rain forest, a highly sensitive spot on the worlds eco-
protection map, with a large portion of the oilfield situated in the
Ecuadorian national forest reserve. The unique geographic position
and diverse biological environment has made the project a center
of attention among environmentalists around the world.
From the perspectives of managers, responsible persons and
contractors, AndesPetro has planned and formulated a systematic
HSE management mechanism whereby HSE duties are specifically
designated and interlinked, with the notion of HSE firmly implanted
in employees minds. First, company mangers strengthen
their leadership by regularly attending HSE training programs,
performing emergency drills and sharing HSE experiences. Second,
the responsible person implements a line responsibility system for
safety and environmental protection by signing an accountability
letter with the relevant person in charge to clarify the HSE duties
for each specific post. And third, contractors shall be encouraged to
share their experiences related to HSE in localized operations.
Apart from HSE publicity and education, we effectively promote
HSE management by monitoring its execution to prevent hidden
risks. The company conducts strict inspections of and encourages
reporting of hidden hazards and performs close-loop management.
We developed an online hazardous behavior/status reporting
system, and track the correction status every two weeks and
offer incentives to those who report hidden dangers, including a
monthly best report award. The company has thereby established
a professional supervision team that is knowledgeable about safety
and management and capable of handling emergencies. We also
designate local managerial personnel in charge of security, medical
service, environmental protection and operational safety at the
work site, with dedicated HSE personnel now accounting for more
than 8% of the workforce.
In addition, we strictly abide by international standards to ensure
the intrinsic safety of equipment, and focus our EHS management
on strengthening employees safety awareness and building
system management targeted at safe behavior. We persist in
system maintenance and compliance audits. In 2004, the company
successfully acquired environmental management system
certification for its oil depot, and acquired ISO 14001 certification
in 2010. Using a risk matrix approach to rank EHS risks, we prioritize
EHS interested parties in view of the analysis, in order to determine
the focus of our EHS efforts. To ensure the safety of each and every
employee, the company performs post risk identification and
occupational health hazard identification as well as risk assessment,
to inform employees in an open and transparent manner of their job
risks. We have also established a training center to develop safety
training programs, with the annual average training time for each
on-site employee (including contractors) totaling 34.5 hours. We
also use a GIS geographic information system to effectively monitor
the environmental impact of our exploration and development
activities, and provide support to decision-making in location
selection, positioning of pipeline leaks, wetland analysis, analysis and
monitoring of nature reserves, and analysis of the traffic network.
Thanks to stringent and concrete safety and environmental
protection work at the Andes project, there have been no deaths
caused by oil production accidents or any environmental pollution
accidents. Compared with the recordable incident rate per million
work hours conducted by the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA) in the oil and gas sector, the Andes project
did an excellent job in its OSH performance. The company has
won a number of awards from the local government, the National
Assembly of Republic of Ecuador and relevant institutions, such as
the acknowledgment of its Corporate Excellence by the Ecuadorian
Journalists Confederation. The company has also won awards
for environmental protection and management innovation from
BIZZ and World Oil & Gas, as well as an award for Excellent Work
in Technology Transfer and Development of the Oil Industry in
Ecuador from the Ecuadorian Ministry of Non-renewable Natural
Resources and SPE Ecuador Section.
Zhang Xing
Vice President of CNPC America Ltd.
President of Andes Petroleum Ecuador Ltd.
18
Adhering to the concept of putting the
environment, safety, quality and people first, we
protect the long-term interests of both the host
countries and the company, by strictly complying
with local environmental laws and regulations,
attaching great importance to operational safety
and environmental protection, and consciously
being subject to the supervision and guidance of
the local authorities. The focus of HSE management
is procedural management and nurturing awareness
targeted at promoting employees safety awareness
and behavior. Accordingly, by establishing a
comprehensive HSE management system, the
company and its partners strive to achieve the goal
of zero injuries, zero pollution and zero accidents.
The company incorporates the essence of HSE as a
key part of its culture, to foster the concept, system
and behavior of a safety culture. Furthermore, we
take incentive measures to encourage reporting of
hidden dangers in a comprehensive and truthful
manner, organize HSE audits of all project companies
on a regular basis, and conduct inspections of
key production posts aimed at spotting potential
problems at sites.
The Amazon region of Latin America is home to
the worlds largest tropical rain forest, where many
primitive tribes dwell. The unique geographic
position and diverse biological environment has
made the area a center of attention of international
environmental protection organizations. Our Andes
project in Ecuador and Block 1AB/8 project in Peru
are both situated in the heartland of the Amazon
rain forests, while the Intercampo Oilfield project in
Venezuela is located on Maracaibo Lake, which are
all environmentally sensitive areas. To meet the strict
environmental requirements for oilfield operations,
we developed an HSE management system and
methods tailored for projects in Latin America.
By establishing an HSE management committee
and a mechanism to designate an HSE responsible
person and event coordinator for each project,
we ensured timely and accurate reporting of HSE
information and made sure all major crisis events
are dealt with in a prompt and reasonable manner.
Over the past 20 years, we have strictly complied
with relevant international standards and criterion in
our production and operations, with no major HSE
accident occurring. The MPE3 project in Venezuela
set a record of 20 million man-hours with no
significant personal safety accident or environmental
pollution accident. Well drilling and workover
crews of CNPCs Greatwall Drilling Company and
Bohai Drilling Engineering Company Ltd. have won
CNPCs nine principles for HSE management in global oil and gas operations are: HSE
should be given priority when making any decision; Safety is a prerequisite to employment;
Employees must be fully conversant with HSE compliance; Managers should take
responsibility for HSE in their business scope; Managers must be engaged in HSE reviews;
Employees must be engaged in post-hazard identification and risk control; Potential risks
must be dealt with promptly; Accidents must be reported, analyzed and dealt with promptly;
Unified HSE standards should be applied in contractor management.
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well as industrial waste pollution, thus helping keep
the water of the Maracaibo Lake crystal-clear.
At Block 1AB/8 in Peru, oilfield produced wastewater
was discharged into the Amazon water system only
after preliminary treatment in the early development
stage. After joining the project in 2003, CNPC made
a proposal to introduce a three-tier wastewater
treatment system to upgrade the original one, in
order to improve treatment and reduce the oilfields
environmental impact. Together with our partners,
we launched a package of projects including
wastewater treatment, water injection and power/
fuel supply. Three residual oil power plants, three
diesel topping plants and 12 water treatment
facilities have been built, enabling the combination
of secondary oil recovery and wastewater recycling.
As such, all the produced water was re-injected
into the underground formations after being
properly treated. This has completely changed the
mode of production prevailing in the local area for
over 30 years and achieved clean production. In
addition, Block 1AB/8 project also conducts dynamic
monitoring of the domestic water, surface water, air
quality, natural gas emission, soil quality and noise,
to ensure that prompt countermeasures can be
taken to protect the natural environment of the rain
forest once abnormalities are spotted.
multiple awards and accolades from the Venezuelan
Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources and
PDVSA, including the title of Green Drilling Crew
and production safety medals.
In 1998 when CNPC took over Venezuelas Intercampo
Oilfield on Maracaibo Lake, we were faced with
considerable safety and environmental risks due
to the thick mud on the lakebed with densely
distributed cables and pipelines, as well as a
multiplicity of production equipment on the lake
surface. A detail-focused prevention method was
adopted to identify major risks in each procedure,
link and post, and effective risk preventive measures
were implemented. For well drilling and workover
operations on the lake, we divided the operational
procedures into five key links: well site design,
platform construction, drilling and workover vessel
relocation, drilling and workover operation, and
oil production. Meanwhile, potential risks in each
link were analyzed and assessed. The company
has thereby compiled with and enforced relevant
operational procedures and regulations, effectively
preventing the occurrence of accidents. For instance,
to avoid blowouts, the company specified and strictly
enforced the operating procedures for every step
including equipment relocation, well drilling and well
logging. Such HSE management and control measures
have effectively prevented operational accidents, as
Surrounding environment of Block 1AB/8 in Peru before (left) and after restoration (right)
20
Located in the hinterland of the Amazon rain forest,
over half of our oil zones in Ecuador overlap with
national reserves. The Andes project gives priority to
environmental management in business development
and actively implements comprehensive wastewater
treatment to recycle all the produced water. Highlighting
the role of the EHS department, AndesPetro has
formulated and enforced strict safety and environmental
protection rules and procedures in accordance with
the highest standards of the industry. When taking
over the project, it developed a three-year plan aimed
at addressing rain forest pollution. The president of
AndesPetro assumes direct responsibility for safety and
environmental protection work by regular attending
HSE training, emergency drills and experience sharing
sessions. In terms of risk management, the project
company adopts a work licensing system as one of
its most important management tools, and established
an on-line work licensing system which clearly defines
the authority and duties of the responsible person at
each link. It has also developed an on-line hazardous
behavior/status reporting system to track hidden
dangers and make prompt corrections. In terms of team
building, the company has established a professional
supervisory team to equip the work site with dedicated
managerial personnel, accounting for over 8% of the
total workforce, which is in charge of security, medical
services, environmental protection and operational
safety. Moreover, the company has established a
training center and requires all employees, contractors
and visitors to receive EHS training before entering the
work site, with the training time for on-site employees
and contractors averaging 34.5 hours annually. In oil
production, helicopters are used to transport drilling rigs
and other equipment in order to avoid the destruction of
vegetation; drilling cuttings and mud undergo bio-safety
treatment before burial; all formation water produced
in the oil zone is re-injected underground, while the
associated gas is used to generate electricity. After the
completion of an operation, efforts are made to restore
the ground surface as soon as possible. Meanwhile, a GIS
geographic information system is used to monitor the
impact of exploration and development activities on the
environment, and offer support to decision-making in
such aspects as location selection, pinpointing of pipe
leaks, wetland analysis, analysis and monitoring of nature
reserves, and analysis of the traffic network.
Aiming to maximize the recycling of resources,
AndesPetro has invested in establishing a comprehensive
treatment center. Organic waste from the oilfield is buried
in sawdust, in order to convert it into organic fertilizer
for vegetation restoration. Inorganic waste is sorted and
processed. For example, plastic waste is crushed and sent
to the waste recycling center approved by the Ecuadorian
government for further processing and treatment. The
remaining wood from packaging is donated to the local
After CNPC took over the project, a major change was the heightened awareness of safety and
environmental protection and improved compliance with a safety culture. Another obvious change has
been stricter adherence to the laws of Ecuador in environmental protection, and occupational health and
safety. For instance, the company launched a self-financed campaign to strengthen the treatment of solid
and liquid waste. Now we can claim with confidence that AndesPetro is the best oil company in Ecuador,
particularly in terms of environmental protection, safety and occupational health. In addition, we also
boast top operating quality and strong technical competence.
Alfonso Carrera
Safety director, T Zone of Andes Petroleum Ecuador Ltd.
Best HSE/Sustainable Development Award granted by
World Oil Magazine to Andes Petroleum Ecuador Ltd.
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community as fuel. In addition, oil and water are fractionally
precipitated, with the resultant precipitate further treated for
biosafety through the use of chemicals (a phased treatment
process that usually lasts for six months), and then disposed
of as harmless soil when all relevant chemical indicators reach
the standard level. In addition, the company has also built
seedling nurseries in the surrounding communities in order
to provide seedlings for vegetation restoration.
Through comprehensive management and the
implementation of multiple measures, AndesPetro achieved
impressive RIS and RIR records at the industrially advanced
level in the region, winning the title of Best HSE/Sustainable
Development Award from the World Oil Magazine, and
was nominated for the Environmental World Award by
the Institute of Energy in the United Kingdom. Besides, the
Ecuadorian Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources
also spoke highly of the companys commitment to
environmental protection and its advanced technology of
bio-oxidation treatment of contaminated soil. It has won
numerous environmental protection and management
innovation awards from prominent organizations such as
BIZZ and World Oil & Gas, as well as the award for Excellent
Work in Technology Transfer and Development Oil Industry
in Ecuador from the Ecuadorian Ministry of Non-renewable
Natural Resources and SPE Ecuador Section.
Block 6 of Talara Oilfield is located at Lobitos Beach,
an ideal surfing spot on the northern coast of Peru,
which was designated in 2009 as an official site
for international surfing competitions. Therefore,
the local government has put a high premium on
the surrounding natural environment. To meet the
stringent local environmental protection requirements,
CNPCs Block 6/7 project company strengthened its
environmental protection measures for each and every
step of its oil production process.
For instance, the project has invested in transforming
its gas gathering and transportation system, with the
aim of gathering associated gas produced during the oil
pumping operations. It has also adopted the method of
laying impermeable membranes at the bottom of mud
pools to prevent slurry oil waste from seeping into the
soil, with the gathered waste oil removed and processed
collectively after well completion. Due to the fact that
Block 6/7 had been exploited for over 140 years, more
than half of the producing wells rely on swabbing to
produce oil. In oil pumping operations, the company
has strictly required its contractors to take effective
measures to prevent oil from spilling, overflowing,
dripping or leaking so as to achieve clean production.
Another fact is that waste oil buried underground in its
early development stage had started to emerge out of
the ground, exerting a negative impact on the ground
environment. In order to clean up the oil contamination,
the company hired local contractors to clear the oily
sludge off the well sites and transport it to designated
spots for further treatment, thereby solving the leftover
problem and meeting the environmental protection
requirements imposed by the local government. The
company also organizes employees to go to the beach to
clean up litter on a regular basis, in an effort to nurture a
pollution-free environment for surfing fans.
Promote Clean Production to Achieve Green Development
2006 2008 2010 2012
AndesPetros RIS
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Winning Trust with Technology
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Block 6/7 of the Talara Oilfield in Peru are both old fields
with a development history of more than 100 years,
where a total of five oil companies once operated with
all kinds of technologies applied. Some experts claimed
that the oil-producing potential of the two blocks had
been exhausted. Since CNPC became the operator of
the blocks, its proven technologies for releasing the
potential of mature oilfields have been given full play,
with impressive results achieved.
First, measures were taken to rebuild long shut-in wells.
When the Chinese side took over Block 6 and Block 7,
there were around 5,000 wells drilled, with only 509, or
1/10 of the total, producing oil. Most of the remaining
wells had long been shut in and covered by weeds and
sands. With a daily oil output of only 1,700 barrels, or an
average per well yield of about three barrels, the oilfield
was about to be abandoned. After conducting rounds
of discussion and in-depth research, CNPCs technical
team was confident of rebuilding the shut-in wells and
rejuvenating the moribund oilfield.
To this end, the technical team has drawn on Chinas
sophisticated theories on continental facies fault-blocks
and leveraged CNPCs technical edge in integrated
exploration and development to study reservoir
distribution pattern, the ratio of total oil produced to
OOIP, and the distribution law of remaining oil based
on geophysical, well logging and cutting logging data.
Efforts were focused on rebuilding those long shut-
in wells located in favorable oil zones to ensure the
success rate. Meanwhile, timely monitoring was made
on the production dynamics of successfully restored
wells in order to provide the basis for further stimulation
measures to maximize their production capacity.
Facts proved that our measures worked. Over the past
20 years, 736 long shut-in wells have been restored in
Block 6/7, 17.42% of the total number of shut-in wells,
achieving an additional oil output of 3.30 million barrels,
14.36% of the blocks total production achieved since
CNPCs takeover. The restoration of the long shut-in wells
has made up for the old wells production decline, and
effectively helped to maintain stable production and
achieve production growth.
Second, efforts were intensified to activate the oil-
producing potential of old wells. In view of the fact that
Block 6/7 host a multiplicity of old wells, stimulation
measures were widely implemented. Priority was given
to favorable pay zones and an in-depth study on the
distribution pattern of remaining oil was made to prioritize
candidate wells. For different oil-bearing formations,
conventional measures were taken such as re-perforating,
acidizing and fracturing. In addition, we also actively
introduced new output-boosting approaches. At Block
6/7, attention was previously attached to major oil-bearing
layers, with relatively shallow oil layers usually being
ignored and remaining un-cemented. In 2009, by
introducing secondary cementing technology, these
shallow reservoirs have been optimally stimulated,
resulting in remarkable production growth. Particularly for
well J74, its daily additional oil output reached
505 barrels at early stage since its reworking in
2011, the best result achieved in the past decade. In
2012, we introduced Chinas advanced secondary
def lection fracturing technology to Talara and
conducted pilot tests at five wells, with varying degrees
of success seen in boosting oil output. The success of this
technology was significant for oil producing potential
release in Block 6/7 and even the entire Talara Oilfield.
Gong Bencai
Vice President of CNPC America Ltd.
President of SAPET Development Peru Inc.
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The effective application and implementation of
appropriate technologies has achieved impressive
results. First, crude output was significantly boosted.
In just three years, a dying oilfield had been revived,
with its annual output increased from 600,000 barrels
to 2.2 million barrels, leading the Peruvian media
to hail the projects success as the most impressive
news in Perus oil sector. Second, a breakthrough
was made in new well drilling. Since CNPCs takeover,
more than 200 new wells have been drilled,
including a number of 1,000-barrel-per-day wells
and Perus first horizontal well. And third, expertise
and experience has been gained in the progressive
exploration and development of complex fault-
block fields and the exploration and development
of depleting fields. These achievements have fully
reflected CNPCs technical advantage and capacity,
winning us trust and respect from Perus oil sector.
Exploration and Development Achievements in Peru:
3D seismic explorations were conducted for the first time in Block 7 of Talara Oilfield, discovering the
northern San Juan Oilfield with an annual oil output of 576,000 barrels;
Breakthroughs were made in identifying new oil reservoirs, with multiple 1,000-barrel-per-day wells successfully
drilled;
Drilling was extended to deeper zones, hitting a high-yield oil-bearing layer nearly 10,000 feet
underground, debunking a mistaken claim long upheld in the Western geological community that there
are only aquifers 8,700 feet underground;
By innovatively applying layer dividing and re-perforating to stimulate old wells, a record high daily output
of 3,300 barrels has been achieved;
Exploratory oil wells were drilled in untouched or ruled-out zones, with off-angle drilling techniques
being used to extend the reach to offshore areas. All 31 new wells have encountered oil layers, with an
average initial oil output of 118 barrels per day.
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Talara Oilfield in Peru
Situated in the coastal desert to the west of the
Andes in northwestern Peru, Talara Oilfield is one
of the earliest developed oilfields in South America.
Its Block 7 and Block 6 were put into development
in 1874 and 1903, with peak annual output of
more than 10 million barrels and 5 million barrels,
respectively. In the early 1990s, the two blocks
had reached their later stages of development,
with 98% of the recoverable reserves already
produced. Annual production plummeted to
650, 000 barrels, and the two blocks were on the
verge of being abandoned.
In October, 1993, SAPET Development Peru Inc.
(SAPET), a subsidiary of CNPC, signed an EOR service
agreement with the Peruvian Ministry of Energy and
Mines and became the operator of Talaras Block
7 and Block 6 in January 1994 and October 1995,
respectively. This marked CNPCs debut in overseas
oil and gas operations.
Talara is a typical complex fault-block oilfield,
featuring well-developed factures and complex
Working Site of Block 6/7, Talara Oilfield, Peru
Since engaging in international oil and gas
exploration and development activities 20 years
ago, CNPC has given full play to its advantages
in integrated operation and actively promoted
technological advances and innovations in overseas
projects, obtaining impressive achievements
and standing out in the world oil industry. The
companys Key Technologies for Effective and
Efficient Development of Overseas Oilfield won the
first prize of China National Science and Technology
Advancement in 2011. CNPCs technological R&D
and comprehensive integration of domestic
and foreign technologies have achieved mutual
benefits with host countries in Latin America, with
its core technical competence and brand image
considerably enhanced.
After decades or even more than a century of
exploitation, most oilfields in Latin America have
entered their later stage of development, posing
increasingly tough challenges for boosting oil
production. Since taking over some marginal
oilfields in Peru, Venezuela and Ecuador, CNPC
has managed to rejuvenate these old oilfields
and increase their oil output, by using applicable
technologies and rich experience in mature reservoir
stimulation, heavy oil exploitation and horizontal
well drilling, based on fine reservoir description,
study of remaining oil distribution and reasonable
technical solutions. CNPCs Technologies and Their
Application for Tapping Potential of Marginal Oilfields
in Venezuela won the second prize of China National
Science and Technology Advancement in 2002.
The companys EOR technologies have also greatly
impressed Latin American counterparts and won
widespread recognition.
26
geological conditions. After more than 100 years of exploitation,
drastic changes had occurred to its original oil and gas distribution
pattern and features, making the controlling factors to oil/gas/water
distribution more complicated, and the exploiting condition much
more challenging.
In view of the fact that Talara Oilfield is quite similar to Chinas Bohai
Bay Basin in geological characteristics, we conveyed our experience in
progressive exploration and development of Chinas complex fault-
block oilfields to Talara. By taking measures including comprehensive
development evaluation, re-perforating of old wells, low-permeability
reservoir stimulation, restoring shut-in wells, swabbing, and secondary
oil recovery by water flood, production at the Talara field has increased
and remained stable.
In order to develop the oilfield in a more efficient manner, maintain
its stable production and continuously enlarge its resource base,
CNPC decided to carry out progressive exploration and development
in Talara as it has done for years in China. Based on in-depth and
comprehensive studies of geological conditions of the oilfield,
more targeted technical solutions were worked out, resulting in the
discovery of 11 new oil-bearing fault blocks and four new gas-bearing
fault blocks in Block 6/7, with substantial high-quality reserves. By
drilling new wells and stimulating and restoring old wells, the oilfields
crude production has been significantly boosted. Since 1996, its
annual output has remained above 1 million barrels and peaked in
1997 at 1.96 million barrels. In addition, the success rate of new wells
has been greatly increased, especially in Block 6, where the success
rate has reached 70% and a series of 1,000-barrel-per-day wells were
drilled, causing a sensation in the local oil sector.
Caracoles Oilfield in Venezuela
Located in the south of the Eastern Venezuela Basin, the marginal
Caracoles Oilfield features a monoclinic structure complicated by a
large number of faults. Its oil reservoirs are characterized by small
reserve volume, quick-declining output in single layer, deep burial
depth, and high pressure coefficient. Most of the heavy oil reservoirs
are edge-bottom water driven and flooded, with a water cut of
more than 70%. Before being included in third round of international
tenders by the Venezuelan government, Caracoles had been exploited
successively by the Venezuelan private oil companies, US based oil
companies and PDVSA for more than 50 years, and annual production
once peaked at 4.85 million barrels. In February 1998, when CNPC took
over the oilfield, there were only 43 producing wells yielding 221 tons
per day. Most of its reservoirs had been already substantially exploited,
flooded or depleted.
Caracoles Oilfield, Venezuela
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There are many foreign oil companies operating in Venezuela. We believe that a good partner shall
have advantages in oilfield operations, technology and management. After working with CNPC for nearly
10 years, weve been quite satisfied with the results. We look forward to working with CNPC on more
projects in following decades.
Victor Moreno
Former president of PDVSA-CNPC joint venture PETROSIVEN
Since becoming the operator, CNPC has made a
fine description of the fields tectonic features and
reservoir distribution by integrated use of high
resolution seismic data processing technology,
multi-attribute fusion technology and high
precision reservoir prediction technology, thereby
laying a solid foundation for reservoir potential
tapping and progressive exploration. In oilfield
operations, fine reservoir description, low-resistivity
reservoir identification and study of remaining oil
distribution laws were made based on seismic and
logging data, and research results were achieved
in oil layer correlation and numerical simulation.
By taking technical measures such as expanding
edges, re-perforating old wells, extracting liquid
by electrical submersible pumps, restoring shut-
in wells, optimizing gas lift and heat-washing oil
wells, both the reserves and production of the field
were increased. In addition, satisfactory profit was
achieved by using applicable drilling techniques,
improving recovery techniques, and optimizing
ground works. In less than three years, the oilfields
annual output was restored to 3.5 million barrels,
close to its historic peak level. In the third round
of international tenders, Caracoles ranked seventh
among all the bidding fields in term of average daily
output, winning CNPC recognition and acclaim from
PDVSA and other industrial peers.
Thanks to the EOR program at the Caracoles Oilfield,
CNPC has developed a package of sophisticated
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|(#EWP]j/@
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84.8
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153.4
126.1
120.1
105.4
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1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
75.5
102.4
Annual Production of Caracoles Project
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
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2012 2008 2010 2006 2002 2000 1998 2004
technologies to further tap the potential of complex
mature fields and integrated management of oil
reservoirs, worked out a set of measures for effective
well-site allocation and potential release of old wells,
and integrated and innovated relevant support
technologies to develop marginal fields.
In August 2006, CNPC signed a joint venture
agreement with PDVSA, whereby PDVSA took over
the operation of Caracoles Oilfield. CNPC, as a sincere
partner of PDVSA, continued to implement the above
mentioned measures to help maintain the oilfields
annual output at more than 1 million barrels.
28
Ultra-heavy Oil Development at
MPE3 Project in Venezuela
The Orinoco Oil Belt (OOB), located along the
southern margin of the Eastern Venezuelan Basin,
is the worlds largest heavy oil enriched area with
tremendous resource potential. As unconventional
oil resources attract ever-increasing attention
globally, the Orinoco Oil Belt is of great significance
to global petroleum development.
The MPE3 project is located in the east end of OOB
and was formerly known as the Orimulsion Project.
CNPC and PDVSA established a joint venture for
the Orimulsion Project in 2001, and later signed an
upstream and downstream integrated cooperative
agreement in March 2007. In February 2008, a
Venezuelan-Chinese joint venture, SINOVENSA, was
Weve been working with CNPC for four years, with considerable progress made together, on the
strength of which our daily output has achieved an impressive four-fold increase to 120,000 barrels and
is still steadily increasing. Enjoying tremendous advantages in technology and development experience, the
CNPC team is simply irreplaceable. Although there are some cultural differences between us, we nonetheless help
and support each other, sharing the same goal of further development in oil production.
Erwin Hernndez
President of PDVSA-CNPC joint venture SINOVENSA
Annual production of MPE3 Project
MP|3}|WP]
4176.4
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
0
2012 2010 2008
10
20
30
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2012 2010 2008
Million barrels
/@
Orinoco Oil Belt
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established for the operation of the MPE3 project, which
is CNPCs first major overseas ultra-heavy oil project.
The ultra-heavy oil in OOB features high density and
high content of sulfur, heavy metal and asphaltene.
Oil reservoirs in MPE3 are of unconsolidated
sandstones lithologic structure and hard to tap
by cold production due to the difference in
their maturity level and the variation trend of
their internal sand bodies, with oil recovery of
5%-10% generally. CNPC has sent a number of
expert taskforces to the joint venture project to
offer technical support and guidance focusing
on key technologies such as the optimization
of development well parameters, sand control,
and break prevention of screw pumps. Chinese
technical staff working at the MPE3 project actively
introduced CNPCs sophisticated and proven
technologies to their Venezuelan colleagues,
AndesPetro won the award of Excellent Work in Technology
Transfer and Development Oil Industry in Ecuador.
the Chinese technical staff fully exploited their rich
experience in mapping remaining oil distribution
and tapping residual oil in the mature fields.
Based on seismic, logging and drilling data, in-
depth analysis on the low-amplitude structure and
subtle traps, and fine description of key sections
and formations, the distribution, morphology and
hydrocarbon potential of the sandstone reservoir
were effectively identified and predicted. Then,
by optimizing the deployment and structural
and widely applied a technical package of cold
heavy oil production with sand in horizontal wells,
successfully solving some technical problems caused
by the unconsolidated sandstone formations and
the rapidly rising gas-to-oil ratio. All the production
wells at the oilfield are cluster horizontal wells,
boosting the daily output from 30,000 barrels in
2007 to 130, 000 barrels today. The project has
built an annual production capacity of 7 million
tons, achieving good development results and
economic benefits.
Having been proven successful at the MPE3 project,
CNPCs technologies for ultra-heavy oil development
have been fully affirmed by the Venezuelan side,
winning CNPC respect and greater influence in the
joint venture. In addition, a working atmosphere
has been fostered in which technical problems are
always referred first to Chinese experts for solutions.
Andes Project in Ecuador
The Andes project is located in the hinterland of
the Amazon rain forest, with more than half of its
oil zone overlapping with a national natural reserve.
Its unique geographic location and diverse, fragile
ecological environment imposed great challenges
on the oilfield development technology. In the
Ori ente Basi n where Bl ock Tarapoa and Bl ock
14 are located, the major pay zones are Cretaceous
sediments entrapped in subtle lithologic traps
dominated by low amplitude structures. With over
30 years of development history, most oilfields in
the area have entered into the middle and later
development stage, featuring a high recovery
percentage, rapidly rising water cut, low reserve-
production ratio, fast natural decline in old wells,
and irregular distribution of residual oil. These result
in considerable difficulties for reserve replacement
and production enhancement.
In August 2005, Andes Petroleum Ecuador
Ltd., a joint venture between CNPC and China
Petrochemical Corporation (Sinopec), purchased
Encanas oil and gas blocks in Ecuador and served as
the operator. After taking over the project, in spite
of stringent environmental protection requirements
and tremendous technical challenges brought
about by the complex local geological conditions,
30
Drilling Operation by Greatwall Drilling Company in Venezuela
Oilfield Services
CNPCs presence in Latin America could be traced
back to the early 1990s when BGP first entered the
geophysical prospecting market in the region. To
date, CNPC provides a wide range of oilfield services
in Latin America, including seismic data acquisition
and processing, drilling, logging, formation test
and well intervention, with 179 crews working as
the contractors of local oil companies in Venezuela,
Ecuador, Cuba, Peru, Colombia, Brazil, and Mexico etc.
BGP, boasting proven expertise and rich
experience in geophysical prospecting operations
in mountainous areas, shallow seas and rain
forests, has become one of the most important
onshore and offshore seismic data acquisition and
processing service providers in Latin America. It
provides relevant services to its clients through
a seismic data processing center it established
design of the horizontal wells, the technical team
has successfully solved drilling problems such as
formation collapse and lost circulation, and also
successfully applied and promoted technologies for
completing horizontal wells in complex and subtle
traps, with a string of high-yielding wells drilled.
For example, Block Tarapoas average daily output
during the test runs of horizontal wells exceeded an
impressive 900 barrels. In 2011, AndesPetro achieved
a reserve replacement rate of more than 100% for
the first time at the old oil zone, with the output of
new wells accounting for 12% of the oilfields total.
In 2012, the Andes projects output reached 2.63 million
tons of oil equivalent.
In 2011, Andes Petroleum Ecuador Ltd. received the
award for Excellent Work in Technology Transfer
and Development Oil Industry in Ecuador from
the Ecuadorian Ministry of Non-renewable Natural
Resources and SPE Ecuador Section.
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Cuban Minister of Basic Industries Tomas Benitez
Hernandez praised GWDC as a role model for
Sino-Cuban cooperation.
in Caracas, Venezuela. On its 3D seismic data
acquisition missions using towed-streamers in the
Gulf of Venezuela, the companys offshore fleet
successfully fulfilled the task. Although there were
many unfavorable factors such as deep water,
rapid changes of ocean currents, complex weather
conditions, and the limited scope of the permitted
work area, the quality of acquired data was highly
commended by its client, PDVSA.
CNPC Greatwall Drilling Company (GWDC) is one
of the most important drilling engineering service
providers in Venezuela and Cuba. In Cubas Guanabo
Block, which extends from the coast to the sea bed,
the reservoirs are subsea carbonates interbedded
with large segments of mudstone with a high level
of hydration activity. These are inducing factors of
borehole shrinkage, borehole purification trouble,
and intractable mud situations. Due to the frequent
sticking of drilling tools, this area is called the
restricted zone for drilling in Cuba. In drilling well
GBO-103 in the block, GWDC adopted applicable
techniques to control borehole shrinkage, and
ensured smooth drilling operations by optimizing
drilling displacement, mud parameters, drilling
parameters and the BHA. Well GBO-103 measures
4, 470 meters in total depth, 3, 384 meters in
horizontal displacement and 1, 854 meters in
vertical depth, making it the only extended-reach
horizontal well fulfilling its drilling purpose in the
whole Guanabo Block. The integrated technologies
adopted in the drilling have also become a standard
operating procedure for drilling extended-reach
horizontal wells in this block, winning the praise of
the project client, CUPET.
CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Ltd.
(CCDE) mainly provides well drilling, completion
and workover services to Petroecuador, in a bid to
further enhance oil recovery efficiency of the fields
located in the Amazon area. In SACHA Oilfields
turnkey project in Ecuador, CCDE delivered
impressi ve per formance by improving i ts
applicable technologies and optimizing its drilling
tools. Six of the eight completed wells obtained
high yield, with the highest single well output
reaching 8,000-9,000 barrels per day. Well SACHA-
331D was completed within 18.5 days, the record
short single well drilling cycle.
32
Caring for Community Development
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In Latin America, CNPC actively communicates
with all stakeholders through various means and
multiple channels, to understand their practical
needs. Together with our partners, we participate in
community development and public welfare programs
and have made due contributions to support
education, healthcare and community infrastructure
for the wellbeing of local indigenous people.
Jointing efforts with the local governments and
NGOs, we have launched community welfare
activities in education, healthcare and production
projects, resulting in substantial improvements
to the infrastructure and life convenience of local
communities. Considering the fact that most local
tribes are located in remote and secluded areas, we
send mobile medical teams to provide necessary
medical services. We also help the tribal residents keep
stable contact with the nearest towns by setting up
communication stations. Our joint venture in Venezuela
actively participated in the local Affordable Housing
Project, sending employees to work on housing
construction and help in other related works, from
which more than 10,000 local residents have benefited.
We also make active efforts to cultivate management
and technical talents for the oil industry in host
countries. In August 2012, witnessed by the leaders of
both China and Costa Rica, CNPC and RECOPE signed
a framework agreement, under which CNPC would
provide training to petroleum and non-petroleum
professionals, management personnel and technicians
in Costa Rica. Laura Chinchilla Miranda, President of
Costa Rica, applauded CNPCs efforts, remarking that
the cultivation of a new generation of oil professionals
is of strategic significance to the country.
When AndesPetro took over Encanas blocks in
Ecuador in 2006, the surrounding communities were
rife with inter-tribal conflicts, and afflicted with
deteriorating security. To cope with this complex and
volatile external environment, AndesPetro, in strict
compliance with local laws and customs in fulfilling
its community undertakings, innovatively established
a three-joints mechanism (joint committees
with the local government, local communities
and employees respectively), thereby building a
bridge of communication to constantly improve
the relationship with all stakeholders. The company
provides job opportunities for local people and
also facilitated the local communitys participation
in bidding activities and the supply of materials.
It also actively helps the local community to build
infrastructure and develop agricultural projects.
Over the past six years, AndesPetro has financed two
school bus routes for 500 local children, provided
funds to over 10 local plantations, and created more
than 1,500 indirect job opportunities for local people.
In addition, AndesPetro provides financial support
to local foundations and NGOs, with the
f undi ng mai nl y used for youth education and
medical assistance, disease prevention and
treatment, and community capacity building. In
2009, the Petroecuador President spoke highly
of AndesPetros commitment to sustainable
development and its excel l ent per formance i n
communi t y devel opment under takings.
Wang Xingyi
Vice President of CNPC America Ltd.
President of CNPC Costa Rica
34
Educational and Medical Assistance for Young People
AndesPetro actively supports youth programs
focusing on healthcare, skills training and fostering
social values, helping young people to plan their
future development. By working with the Padre Jos
Kentenich Foundation, AndesPetro provided financial
support in training, food, education and healthcare
services, covering more than 280 local children
aged from three to 12. Through the Pan Ecuador
Foundation, AndesPetro offered vocational training
for 75 disabled young people, and provided strong
support to their efforts to gain job opportunities. From
2007 to 2011, AndesPetro also provided scholarships
for 50 local young people, including five college
students. During the past six years, the company has
offered assistance in building seven kindergartens,
41 primary schools, three middle schools, and two
technical schools.
Disease Prevention and Treatment
The two community clinics built by AndesPetro provide
year-round mobile care services, medical education and
instruction, and disease prevention and treatment services,
benefiting 5,000-8,000 local residents. Besides, AndesPetro
supports innovative programs on disease prevention and
treatment. By cooperating with the Por Una Vida Foundation,
it has provided free medical treatment to more than
400 children afflicted with blood disorders. By offering
financial support to the Virgen de la Merced Foundation,
it has provided education, care and rehabilitation services
to more than 70 children aged between two and 12 from
low-income families who suffer from cerebral palsy and
stunted intellectual development. In 2010, through the Life
and Smile Action Foundations, the company donated
RMB 460,000 to the Quito Child Welfare Institute to fund the
medi cal treatment of 293 chil dren wi th l eukemia and
399 children with physical defects from low-income families.
Building Harmonious Communities in Ecuador
International star for
Quality Award granted
to AndesPetro
Latin American
Quality Institute
Award granted to
AndesPetro
International Arch
of Europe Quality
Award granted to
AndesPetro
International Award
to Excellent Company
(the US) granted to
AndesPetro
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Support for Community Capacity Building
Award of Ecuadorian
Company of the Year
2009 to AndesPetro
Acknowledgment
from Cuyabeno's
local government
to AndesPetro for
its cooperation in
the Agricultural
Fair in 2007
BIZZ Award for
Business Excellence
granted to
AndesPetro
Acknowledgment
to AndesPetro
for its Corporate
Excellence from the
Ecuadorian Journalists
Confederation in 2007
AndesPetro attaches great importance to community
capacity building, and strives to offer continuous support
to relevant community projects, helping local residents
improve the quality of their lives. Fundacin ALDEC
(Alliance for the Development, Education, and Welfare
of Street Working Children) is a highly influential NGO in
Ecuador. AndesPetro started donating USD 7,500 annually
to ALDEC in 2006 to support its food sharing program,
providing meals and medical support for school children
from poor, inner-city families in Quito. Due to the impact of
the European debt crisis in recent years, many Ecuadorian
people working in Europe lost their jobs, whose children
suffered from lower incomes but benefited from this
program. Cooperation with Fundacin ALDEC has enhanced
AndesPetros responsible image among Quito residents.
For its outstanding contribution to local community
development, AndesPetro has been highly praised by
Ecuador's Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Energy
and Mines and Petroecuador through the local media. The
company won acknowledgment from Cuyabenos local
government for its cooperation in the Agricultural Fair in
2007. It also received acknowledgment for its Corporate
Excellence from the Ecuadorian Journalists Confederation
in 2007. According to residents in Tarapoa, AndesPetro is
the first foreign company offering sincerity and friendship
to local people in the 45-year Ecuadors oil history. In 2007,
AndesPetro reached a permanent peace agreement with
the surrounding communities, paving the way for the long-
term stability of the production base.
Over the years, AndesPetro has forged and maintained a very good relationship with the
Ecuadorian Ministry of Non-renewable Natural Resources, Petroecuador, and the Ecuadorian
National Oil and Gas Administration. Not only has it drawn great admiration for maintaining the
highest operational standards in environmental protection, but also won widespread acclaim
for its community undertakings. Id like to take this opportunity to congratulate AndesPetro on
making such outstanding achievements in the fulfillment of its social responsibilities and the
protection of the environment of the Amazon rain forest.
Wilson Pastor
Ecuadorian Minister of Non-renewable Natural Resources
36
Building Schools for Raul Cuenca Community
Raul Cuenca in Venezuela is a community
composed of a number of remote and secluded
little villages, with a total area of 711 square
kilometers and a total population of 12,847,
including 5,100 children of school age. Before
2007, 80% of local residents were in poverty and
more than 70% were unemployed. From 2007 to
2010, CNPC-PDVSA JV PETROSIVEN has donated
Support for Education
In October 2006, CNPCs first overseas Hope
primary school financed by Block 6/7 project was
completed in Talara. Over the past years, Block
6/7 project has been providing a steady stream of
funding and resources to the school. In 2012, the
project company donated more funding to expand
the school, and also launched a series of activities
to support three other local schools, including
renovating or constructing classrooms and computer
rooms, hiring teachers, donating books and
stationery, setting up scholarships and purchasing
desks and chairs.
In 2010, CNPCs Zumano project donated clothing,
electrical appliances and other materials to local
schools to improve local students' learning and living
condi ti ons. I n 2012, the empl oyees of the Juni n
4 project ran a Lets Show our Love for Local Students
program, donating more than 100 items of stationery
to local impoverished primary school students.
In March 2012, the CNPC 1AB/8 project in Peru
entered into an agreement with the Loreto provincial
government to build a modern demonstration
school in the rain forest zone, under which the
1AB/8 project would invest 1.2 million sols to build
a modern school in Loretos rain forest zone, with
computers, books and sports equipment and a
teaching faculty. The purpose of building a modern
Employees from Block 6/7 project in Peru play games with
local students.
Junin 4 project in Venezuela donates stationery to local students.
a total of USD 1.39 million to the reconstruction
and expansion of six local elementary schools
serving 1,250 children, with student canteens and
baseball yards being built. For its outstanding
contributions to local social development
programs, PDVSA subsidiary CVP awarded
PETROSIVEN the model among its 14 joint ventures.
demonstration school in the rain forest zone is
to ensure access to education for all local children
over five years old and to provide scholarships for
students from impoverished indigenous families.
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Local villagers place high expectations on the cassava-processing plant. We intend
to reinvest most of our profits back into the plant, to expand our production scale
and cassava cultivation area. I'm not worried about the sales, since our products are
highly popular. And Id like to point out that the Chinese people are always welcome
here, and we are very grateful for their help.
Julio Correa (right)
General manager of the cassava-processing plant in Caico Seco, Venezuela
Caico Seco means dry low-lying land in Spanish. It is
a small Indian village located in El Tigre, Anzotegui,
Venezuela, with around 50 indigenous households
living there.
In 2005, CNPC incorporated Caico Seco into its
local community development program. It invited
agricultural experts from Guangxi Agricultural
Scientific Research Institute to investigate and
evaluate this area, and then, on the basis of the
natural environment and the soil and labor conditions,
decided to implement the cassava plantation and
processing project in this community.
Cassava bread is a very popular food in Latin America,
and also a mainstay of the local peoples daily diets.
In May 2005, PETROSIVEN invested in establishing a
30-hectare demonstrative cassava plantation in Caico
Seco. In order to effectively manage the cassava
plantation, the local villagers set up a plantation
cooperative, and formed a management committee
to take charge of the operation and management
Cassava Plantation and Processing Plant
of the plantation, with each household sending one
person to work at the plantation. In 2007, PETROSIVEN
invested approximately USD 240,000 to build a cassava
processing plant, which became operational in August
2008. The plant produces 1,800 loaves of cassava
bread daily, with a maximum capacity of 8,000 loaves
per day, enabling the factory to be the second largest
processing plant in Anzotegui, and the third largest
in Venezuela.
The cassava plantation and processing project helps
promote local employment, and has lifted many
impoverished families out of poverty. In addition, the
processing plant also actively re-invested its profits
in building more processing facilities and expanding
production scale, thereby contributing substantially
to the communitys sustainable development. In June
2010, on its official website, PDVSA reported about the
cassava processing project. It said: CNPC and its local
joint venture donated work clothing and equipment
to Caico Secos cassava processing plant, with over
300 local residents benefiting.
38
Cubas local press coverage of CNPC donations in 2008
Employee volunteers from Block 6/7 project in Cuba
participate in a beach clean-up campaign.
Disaster Relief and Aid
When Peru, Cuba and Venezuela suffered from various
natural disasters including earthquakes, hurricanes
and floods, CNPC and its relevant project companies
immediately took action and donated funds and
supplies to disaster-stricken areas, to support relief
efforts and the reconstruction campaigns of local
governments and communities.
On August 15, 2007, Peru suf fered a magni tude
7. 5 ear thquake, causing large numbers of casualties
and considerable damage, with the quake-hit zone
severely lacking food and drinking water. On the third
day after the earthquake, CNPC donated and delivered
large quantities of food and water to the affected areas.
In 2008, Cuba was hit by two devastating hurricanes
that caused great damage. CNPC promptly donated
100,000 euros to the countrys post-disaster recovery
campaign, a noble humanitarian act hailed by the
CUPET International Department as a goodwill that
further boosts the long-standing Sino-Cuban
friendship. In October 2012, after Cuba was hit by
Hurricane Sandy, the Cuban branch of CNPC Greatwall
Drilling Company donated USD 50,000 to support
relief efforts.
In December 2010, Venezuela suffered severe floods
caused by continuous heavy rainfall. On behalf of
CNPC, CNPC America donated USD 300,000 to the
Venezuelan government to support the countrys
rescue and relief work.
Volunteer Activities
CNPC encourages its employees to serve local
communities as volunteers in areas such as
environmental protection and education. As of
2012, employee volunteers of CNPC America and its
various project companies and joint ventures had
worked for more than 1,000 cumulative volunteer
hours for local communities, with over 460,000 people
benefiting from this.
In 2011, 100 employee volunteers from Talaras
Block 6/7 project company participated in various
environmental protection activities and programs
launched by the local government, including beach
clean-up, field reconnaissance trips for municipal
projects, and community environment evaluation.
Their initiatives have gained extensive praise from
both the local government and the Peruvian Ministry
of Environment.
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40
Corporate Philosophy
About Us
CNPC at a Glance
CNPC is one of worlds major oil and gas producers and suppliers, as well as a globally renowned oilfield
service provider and contractor in engineering and construction, with businesses covering exploration
and production, refining and chemicals, natural gas and pipelines, marketing and trade, oilfield services,
engineering and construction, equipment manufacturing, and financial services.
With total assets amounting to RMB 3.4 trillion and annual oil and gas production totaling 226 million
tons of oil equivalent, CNPC is the worlds 4th largest oil company and ranked 6th in the 2012 Fortune Global
500. The company now operates oil and gas investment projects in over 30 countries and provides oilfield
engineering, technical and construction services in more than 60 countries and regions around the world.
Mission
Caring for Energy,
Caring for You
Goal
To build an integrated
i nter nat i onal energy
corporation
Corporate Social
Responsibility Philosophy
To fulfill corporate social
responsibility is the basic promise
and principle of our operations
and sustainable development.
CNPC strives to operate in an
environmentally friendly, safer and
more efficient way to continuously
supply energy to society and
create a better life for all.
International
Cooperation Principle
Mutually beneficial cooperation
for common development
41
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About this Report
Established the CSR reporting mechanism
Dedicated CSR email address [email protected] opened to public
2006
2007
2008
2010
2011
2009
2013
In case of any discrepancy of interpretation, the
Chinese version shall prevail. For convenience, such
various terms as CNPC, the company and we
are used in this report to refer to China National
Petroleum Corporation.
This report is available in both printed form and
electronic form. You may download the e-version at
our website www.cnpc.com.cn. For a printed copy,
please send an email to [email protected]. For more
information, please visit www.cnpc.com.cn.
Issued our first CSR report
Launched our website on Environment and Society
Issued CNPC (Kazakhstan) Sustainability Report
Issued CNPC in Sudan
Established the Committee of Social Responsibility Management
and External Expert Consultancy Panel
Issued CNPC in Indonesia
Issued CNPC in Latin America
This is the first report issued by China National
Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) on its social
responsibility performance in Latin America. CNPC
in Latin America provides an overview of the main
achievements made by CNPC in fulfilling its economic,
environmental and social responsibilities in Latin
America from 1993 to 2012.
In preparing this repor t, we adhered to the
principle of being objective, criterion compliant,
honest and transparent. This report is published
in three languages: Chinese, English and Spanish.
42
Major Events of CNPC
in Latin America
Oct. 1993 Acquired a service contract for Block 7 of Perus Talara Oilfield.
Jul. 1995 Acquired a service contract for Block 6 of Perus Talara Oilfield.
Jun. 1997 Won tenders for the Intercampo Oilfield and Caracoles Oilfield in Venezuela.
Apr. 2001 Signed a cooperation agreement on the Orimulsion project with PDVSA.
Nov. 2003 Acquired a 45% stake in Block 1AB/8 from PLUSPETROL.
Sept. 2005 Purchased oil and gas assets of five blocks owned by Encana in Ecuador.
Aug. 2006 Entered into a joint venture agreement with PDVSA to develop Zumano Oilfield.
Mar. 2007 Signed an agreement with PDVSA to expand cooperation in the Orinoco Oil Belt.
Feb. 2008 Established a joint venture with PDVSA to operate the MPE3 project.
Nov. 2008 Entered into an agreement with RECOPE to establish a joint venture refinery.
Dec. 2010 Signed a joint venture operation agreement with the Venezuelan Ministry of
Energy and Petroleum on Block Junin 4 in the Orinoco Oil Belt.
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9 Dongzhimen North Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100007, P. R. China
[email protected]
www.cnpc.com.cn
China National Petroleum Corporation
China National Petroleum Corporation
CNPC in Latin America
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