Managed Pressure Drilling

Society of Petroleum Engineers- Ghana Kenny Thomson

KennyThomson

To Give an introduction to Transocean and our operations in Ghana Ghana I t d Introduce M Managed d Pressure P Drilling D illi
Explain Conventional drilling E l i M Explain Managed dP Pressure D Drilling illi Advantages of MPD MPD Equipment and Rig Considerations MPD risks and control measures MPD Rewards History / Future of MPD

Close with Questions and Discussion

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129 Offshore drilling units 50 Offices and Training centres 30 Countries C 6 of the worlds 7 Continents

50 High-Specification Floaters 25 Mid-Water Mid Water Floaters

9 High High-Spec Spec Jack Jack-Ups Ups 44 Standard Jack-ups

2 Ultra Deepwater Drillships g p Jack-Ups p 4 High-Spec Under Construction

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G lf of Gulf f Guinea G i Region R i

DSP

MTR ENR

MAR

702 BAL

ADX 135MGLHi7 AD9

Region Summary Ultra Ult D Deepwater t Drillships D ill hi 2 Semi Submersibles 4 Jack-Ups 6

JRY

GSF Monitor

Jack-up rig pp Bottom Supported 25ft-400ft Water Depth Cte d'Ivoire

Transocean Marianas Sedco Energy

MAR Semi-Submersible M Moored d 7000ft of water

Basic spec

ENR Semi-Submersible Dynamically positioned 7500ft of water

Discoverer Spirit
Dynamically positioned 10,000ft of water Self Propelled Drill ship Liberia

Transocean People
18,000+ , Employees p y g globally y
Transocean will be Universally recognized for innovation and excellence in unlocking the worlds offshore resources We will be our Customers trusted partner and their p preferred solution Provider
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MPD Definition e to
An adaptive drilling process used to precisely control the annular pressure profile throughout the wellbore

International I t ti lA Association i ti of f DrillingContractors

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Conventional Surface Eq.

Top Drive

Shaker
Mud Pump

Mud Pit

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Conventional Drilling

Drillingfluidpumpeddownstring Returnsbackup pannulustosurface

Drilling fluid provides a barrier against formation pressure

BlowOut Preventor

To Prevent influx to the wellbore:

Bottom Hole Pressure must be greater than Formation Pressure

Formation Pressure

BHP = Phyd + Pcirc BHP Pf

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Drilling Window
TheoreticalWellProfilewithstraightlines

LessthanPore Pressure=Influx toWellbore

Well Depth

Fracture Pressure PorePressure Drilling Window

Greaterthan FracturePressure =Breakdownof formationie Fluid losses

Pressure

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Connections
While drilling:

BHP = Phyd y + Pcirc

Top Drive, Rotates and circulates fluid through drill string Drill pipes racked
When stopping circulation for Connections:

BHP = Phyd + Pcirc Connection

Well Depth Fracture Pressure BottomHole Pressure PorePressure

Top of drill string

Pressure

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Real life well diagram

NarrowDrilling Window Cannotaffordto loosethe pressurefrom Circulation,will takeaninflux

Well W ll Depth

Fracture Cannotincrease Pressure muddensity,will PorePressure Pressure

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breakdown formation

Real life well diagram

NarrowDrilling Window Cannotaffordto loosethe pressurefrom Circulation,will takeaninflux

Fault

ThisWellis UnDrillable!
Narrow DrillingWindow

Well W ll Depth

Shale

Sand

Fracture Cannotincrease Pressure muddensity,will PorePressure Pressure

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breakdown formation

MPD
Can make C k P Previously i l U Un-drillable d ill bl wells, Drillable.

Two main reasons: Constant Circulation through connections y , back pressure p applied pp Pressurised fluid system, at surface to act through entire system Constant and Controlled Bottom Hole Pressure throughout entire section.

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Advantages of MPD
SurfaceBackPressure

Drilling gwithMPD
FluidDensity +Friction +backpressure

DrillthroughNarrow DrillingWindows NolossinBottomHole Pressureduring connections Increasedvisibilityof unfavourablewell conditions Greatercontrolofdown b bottom h hole l pressure

Well Depth
Staticweight: Fluiddensity

Pressure

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MPD Surface Eq.

Top Drive
Constant circulation
Mud Gas separator

Shaker

3Part TelescopicJoint

Mud Pump

Mud Pit

RCD
(RotatingCirculatingDevice)

SurfaceAnnular FlowSpool Topof MarineRiser

Choke manifold

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MPD Equipment
Circulating Subs Addition to Drill floor mud manifold Side entry subs on top of each drill pipe stand Drilling fluid routed through Side inlet hose during connections
Nextstand ofDrillpipe

Check Valves

Sideinlet hose
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MPD Equipment
Rotating circulating device; RCD
Positioned in Marine riser string near surface Sealing elements are tight against drillpipe Elements housed in bearing which c rotates otates with t d drillpipe p pe System is pressurized below RCD
Prevents returnsfluid passingup theannulus Sealing elements sealaround drillpipe

Bearing rotateswith drillpipe

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MPD Equipment
Flow Spool Spool, Surface Annular
Flow spool directs returning fluid from annulus through flexible flow lines
RCD

Surface annular p FlowSpool Flowlines

Topof Marine Riser

Surface annular in place in case of emergency where annulus pressure may y exceed RCD pressure rating. g Annular can be closed to work on RCD while maintaining pressurised system

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MPD Equipment
Choke Manifold
Downstream fluidflow Coriolis meter

All returns fluid passes through Choke Manifold Hydraulic chokes are where surface back pressure is applied Coriolis Mass flow meter All fluid downstream of Choke Manifold is atmospheric pressure

Flowline hoses

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MPD Equipment
Mud Gas Separator, Separator cuttings cleaning
MGS

If gas is detected in returns fluid, it is routed through MGS Gas is vented up to highest point on rig at tip of derrick Fluid continues to Shakers where solids are removed Everything thereafter is the same as conventional drilling

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MPD Equipment
Control and Display system

FlowIn FlowOut

Back Pressure

Choke position

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Rig Considerations
Non MPD moonpool

MPD equipment in moonpool

ChokeManifold T l Telescopic i J Joint i t RCD SurfaceAnnular FlowSpool TopofMarineRiser

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Rig Considerations
E Each h rig i i is unique i with ith diff different td designs i and d equipment i t MPD compatibility is a large scale engineering project

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Rig Considerations
Non standard operation p MPD rig up in moonpool We introduce new Operating procedures, Testing regimes, Maintenance plans and Rig up procedures New to our crews, training and familiarisation is essential. essential Training helps ensure a safe and efficient operation

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Risks of MPD & Controls in place

No Static flow check Downhole problems may be masked by Constant Circulation and Surface Pressure Controls: Signature testing provides expected trends Close monitoring of trends carried out by MPD operator Example Signature tests and trends observed

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Risks of MPD & C Controls in place

SurfaceBackPressure Loss of back pressure or circulation Well will go underbalance Influx may be taken

Drilling gwithMPD
FluidDensity +Friction +backpressure

Well Depth
Staticweight: Fluiddensity

Controls: Redundancy of circulating equipment Two chokes in choke manifold

Pressure

Risks of MPD & C Controls in place

Plugging of surface equipment Controls: Built in redundancy Flushing points

6 Fl li Flowlines 18Marine Riser

4Choke Manifold

6linesbackto shakers
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Rewards of MPD
Thisis to Scale!!
Early Kick Detection

People

Assets Environment

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MPD History
Rig Name
Trident 8 Sedco 601 Sedco 601 Roger W. Mowell Constellation II High Island VII Deepwater Frontier Actinia Arctic III Harvey H. Ward Shelf Explorer Trident IX Sedco 601 GSF Explorer GSF Rig 135 Actinia Marianas HH Ward

Rig Type
Jack Up Semi Sub Semi Sub Jack Up Jack Up Jack Up DP Drillship Semi Sub Semi Sub Jack Up Jack Up Jack Up Semi Sub DP Drillship Semi Sub Semi Sub Semi Sub Jack Up

Location
Cabinda Indonesia Indonesia Malaysia Egypt Gabon India India Libya Malaysia Malaysia Indonesia Malaysia Indonesia Nigeria Malaysia Ghana Indonesia

Customer
Gulf Santos Santos Talisman BP Total Reliance Reliance ENI Talisman Talisman Pearl Petronas MSEC Addax Petronas ENI Pertamina

Year
2003 2004 2005 - 2006 2006 - 2007 2007 2007 2007 2008 2008 - 2009 2009 2009 2010 2010 2010 - 2011 2011 - 2012 2011 - 2012 2012 2012

Application
PMCD PMCD w/ Surface BOP PMCD w/ Risercap CBHP CBHP HPHT CBHP, CBHP, HPHT CBHP, Concentric Riser CBHP, Concentric Riser ECD, HPHT, Reconfigurable Riser CBHP CBHP UBD (Low Head Drilling) CBHP CBHP, PMCD, Riser Degassing CBHP, HPHT PMCD w/Risercap CBHP, HP PMCD

Status
Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Ongoing Completed Completed Completed Ongoing

PMCD CBHP

PressurizedMudCapDrilling ConstantBottomHolePressure

HPHT UBD

HighPressureandHighTemperature UnderBalancedDrilling

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MPD Future / CAPM C Constant t t Annular A l P Pressure M Management t

CAPM is a Transocean product D lG Dual Gradient di t D Drillingilli Hi h d Higher density it d down h hole, l li lighter ht fl fluid id i in marine i riser i Closed circulating system for enhanced kick detection

Bending gtheCurve inDeepwater

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Sunset,April13th 2012 TransoceanMarianas

To Give and introduction to Transocean and our operations in Ghana Introduce Introduce Managed Pressure Drilling Advantages: ConstantBottomHolePressure NavigateNarrowDrillingWindows EarlyKickDetection Questions? Response Discussion.

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Contact details:
Managed Pressure Drilling in Gulf of Guinea Kenny y Thomson ( (Nigeria) g ) [email protected] +234 813 767 4883 Ghana Human Resources Enquiries Sheila Ocansey y (Ghana) ( ) [email protected] +233 302 743906

Managed g Pressure Drilling g and CAPM Iain Sneddon (UK) [email protected] +44 1224 427759

Managed g Pressure Drilling g and CAPM John Kozicz (US) [email protected] +1 713/232-7388

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