CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM: RATIONALE AND BACKGROUND

This chapter presents the rationale and background used in this study, namely: background of the study, statement of the problem, objective of the study, hypothesis, conceptual and theoretical framework, paradigm of the study and significance of the study.

Background of the Study: Magnetism is a force of attraction or repulsion that acts at a distance. It is due to a magnetic field, which is caused by moving electrically charged particles. It is also inherent in magnetic objects such as a magnet. (Paul Hewitt. 2002. Conceptual Physics.) And by the used of magnetism we can create a rotational motion. And this rotational motion can be cause by the attraction or repulsion of magnets. In 1998, Minato published an article of a magnetic motor which is well known as a rotation apparatus utilizing a magnetic force. A power must be constantly supplied to the magnets in order to generate the rotating magnetic field and keep the rotor rotating. (Kohei Minato. June 14, 1998. Magnetic Rotation Apparatus.) The a magnetic rotating apparatus comprising a rotating shaft; a rotor which is fixed to the rotating shaft and which has disposed thereon permanent magnet means and means for balancing rotation, the permanent magnet means being disposed such that a plurality of magnetic poles of one (or first) polarity type is arranged along an outer peripheral surface in the direction of rotation, and a plurality of magnetic poles of the other (or second) polarity type arranged along an inner peripheral surface, with each pair of corresponding magnetic poles of one and the other polarities obliquely arranged with respect to a radial line; electromagnet

means, which is disposed facing this rotor, for developing a magnetic field which faces the magnetic field of the permanent magnet means of the rotor and detecting means for detecting rotating position of the rotor to allow the electromagnet means to be energized. A magnetic motor ability is to use remarkably less power and run without heat or noise to make it perfect for home appliances, personal computers, cellphones and other consumer products. With the help of magnetic propulsion, it is feasible to attach a generator to the motor and produce more electric power than was put into the device. It is able to create motion and torque through its unique, sustainable permanent magnet propulsion system, to be able to get more out of the unit than it puts in terms of electrical power. Hyypias (1980) article on the work of Howard Johnsons which stated that the magnet motor runs on its own by the used of stator magnets. Stator magnets provide the repulsion force to the armatures which are attached to the rotating drum and as the drum spins it drives a belt attached to a conventional generator.( Related literature by Jorma Hyypia. 1980. Amazing Magnet-Powered Motor Magazine of Science and Mechanics (Spring 1980). In 1979, Johnson on his study on permanent magnet, showed that the method of utilizing the unpaired electron spins in ferro magnetic and other materials as a source of magnetic fields for producing power without any electron flow as occurs in normal conductors, and to permanent magnet motors for utilizing this method to produce a power source. Normally, in a conventional electric motor, the rotor, or stator, or both, are so wired that magnetic fields created by electromagnetics may employ attraction, repulsion, or both types of magnetic forces, to impose a force upon the armature to cause rotation, but in the permanent magnet motor theres no need to wired it to electricity to cause rotation. (Related foreign study by H. Johnson. 1979. Permanent Magnet Motor. U.S. Patent Document # 4,151,431)

Statement of Research Problem: The main problem of this study is to produce continuous rotational motion of a motor with the use of the repulsive force of magnets. Specifically, this research attempts to answer the following questions: 1. What is the proper alignment of the magnets? 2. What is the best design in making a self-sustained energy generator?

Objective of the Study: The main purpose of this research is to design a self-sustaining energy generator using magnets. This research aims to answer the following research objectives: 1. To construct a feasible design that could produce a continuous rotational motion. 2. To find out if a self- sustained energy generator using magnets can potentially be a source of electricity.

Hypothesis: According to Nikola Tesla Electric power is everywhere present in unlimited quantities and can drive the worlds machinery without the need for coal, oil, or gas. When magnets are aligned perfectly with respect to its magnetic forces and magnetic field, a continuous rotational motion can be produced. If this self-sustained energy generator can produce continuous rotational motion, then it is a potential source for energy specifically, electric power.

Conceptual and Theoretical Frame Work: Nikola Tesla stated that electric power is everywhere present in unlimited quantities and can drive the worlds machinery without the need for coal, oil, or gas. This is one of the reason that lead the researcher to select the mechanism for self-sustaining energy generator as a topic. Another study of self-sustaining energy generator which is entitled amazing magnet powered motor by Howard Johnson (1980) stated that The magnet motor runs on its own by the used of stator magnets. However this study is concentrates on power generation but not mentioning the mechanism of it. Howard Johnsons (1979) also stated that by the used of magnetic force imposed on the armature it can cause rotation without the use of electricity. However out study is only interested on the mechanism that can generate a self-sustaining energy.

BRIEFLY STATED, THE THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR

PRODUCING A

CONTINUOUS ROTATION FORCE OF A ROTOR IS: THE REPULSIVE FORCE OF THE MAGNETS DEPENDS ON THE SIZE AND THE ALIGNMENT OF THE MAGNETS. ONCE THE MOST FEASIBLE DESIGN IS DETERMINED, THE PROPER DISTANCES BETWEEN THE MAGNETS THAT COULD GIVE THE LARGEST ROTATIONAL FORCE CAN BE GIVEN

FIGURE 1 PARADIGM OF THE STUDY

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

1. Repulse force of magnet 2. Size and alignment of magnets Rotational force of rotor

EXPECTED OUTPUT
Recommended repulsion force of magnets and size and alignment of magnets that gives the larger rotational force of rotor

Significance of the Study: The world operates with the use of limited quantities such as coal, oil, or gas. As years pass, these quantities tend to deplete. Due to this depletion of our energy sources, researches must be made in search for free-energy sources that can possibly answer this occurring situation. The researchers want to help in the search for this free-energy that is why this kind of mechanism was made to serve as a key in our search for unlimited and cheaper source of energy. The researchers had chosen magnets as a source of free energy because with proper design and alignment, magnets make electricity. This research aims to help in the worlds energy crisis due to its limited sources by offering a design that could possibly give an unlimited and a cheaper energy source.

CHAPTER 2 DESIGN AND METHODS

This chapter presents the design methods used in this study, namely: research design and methodology, the data gathering tools, data gathering procedure and work plan and activities.

Research Design and Methodology This study made use of the experimental method of research. In experimental method, the researcher can change the alignment and size of the magnet which has a greater repulsive force that is able to give larger rotational force in the rotor.
The main tool used in this experiment is the magnetic force between the magnets. Magnetic energy travels between poles at the speed of light. Two magnets repels further than they attract because of friction and inertia forces, however, using magnets to repel tends to weaken them as it causes more misalignment of the domains.

Data Gathering Tool: The researcher used a magnet having a diameter of 18mm and a height of 5mm. The material used in the frame and the rotor were plastics then as a shaft was a stainless steel. A bearing was inserted in the shaft and a wood was used for the construction of the base.

Data Gathering Procedure: The researchers are to make a mechanism that can produce a continuous rotational motion with the use of magnets. The spacing between the poles of the magnets should be in proportion to the magnetic force of the magnets. If the distance between the rotor magnet and stator magnet is reduced the imposed forces are increased, thus increasing the tendency to displace the rotor magnets. However, the decreasing of the spacing between the rotor magnet and the stator magnet creates pulsation in the movement of the rotor that is why the spacing between the magnets should be carefully estimated. Thus, the most effective spacing between the rotor magnet and stator magnet is that spacing which produces the maximum force vector in the direction of rotor magnet movement, with a minimum creation of objectionable pulsation. The researchers must prepare the magnets and with the use of the V-gate design the distance of magnets must be varied. The design of this mechanism uses two sets of magnet, one is a stator magnet located on one side of the set-up and the other magnets are aligned on a cylinder following a V format. The angle of the V format is at ten degrees. When magnets reach their maximum repulsion position, a cam will lift the stator magnet away from the sticky spot so there will be continuity of motion.

WORKPLAN AND ACTIVITIES The following activities are undertaken with corresponding time duration. This includes:

LIST OF ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES 1. Formulation of a topic 2. - Proper title of the Research -Background of the study (RELATED LITERATURE) -Statement of the problem -Objective of the study -Research question and/ or hypothesis 3. -Conceptual framework -Significance of the study 4. Design and methods -References -Work and activity 5. Proposal presentation with promoter - Editing/revising research paper 6. Creating and start reviewing models and design - Re-edit proposal paper using the Journal Manuscript format. 7. Finalizing design reviews 8. Designing and Modeling - Data Gathering, Results/findings, Conclusion 9. Formation of the project design -Final presentation with the promoter -Editing/revising research paper 10. Continuation of Editing/revising research paper -Submission of hardcopy(Softboundcolor green) and softcopy(flash drive or CD), Final Journal Manuscript Paper to DH
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DURATION June 27, 2013 July 2, 2013

July 3, 2013 July 30, 2013

July 31,2013 August 13, 2013

August 14, 2013 September 2,2013 September 3, 2013 September 28, 2013

November 11, 2013December 2, 2013

December 3 ,2013 December 15,2013 January 6, 2014 February 3, 2014

February 4, 2014 March 3,2014

March 4, 2014 March 15, 2014

REFERENCES:

Hewitt, P. (2002). Chapter 36: Magnetism. Retrieved July 1, 2013, from Conceptual Physics.

Hyypia, J. (1980). Amazing Magnet-Powered Motor. Retrieved July 1, 2013, from Magazine of Science and Mechanics (Spring 1980)

Johnson, H. (1979). Permanent Magnet Motor. US Patent Document # 4,151,431. Retrieved July 11, 2013, from http://www.rexresearch.com/johnson/1johnson.htm

Minato, K. (1998). Magnetic Rotation Apparatus. US Patent # 4,751,486 (Cl. 335/272). Retrieved July 6, 2013, from http://web.gccaz.edu/stem/weirdscience/minato%20magnet%20wheel_files/magnetic%20 fan.htm

Tesla, N. (1905). A Few Magnet Motors. Retrieved June 27, 2013, from http://fuel-efficient-vehicles.org/energy-news/?page_id=976

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