Chapter 15

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Chapter 15
How Well Am I Doing?
Statement of Cash Flows
Solutions to Questions
15-1
The statement of cash flows highlights
the major activities that have provided and used
cash during a period and shows their effects on
the overall cash balance.
15-2
Cash equivalents are short-term, highly
liquid investments such as Treasury bills,
commercial paper, and money market funds.
They are included with cash because
investments of this type are made solely for the
purpose of generating a return on temporarily
idle funds and they can be easily converted to
cash.
15-3
(1) Operating activities: Transactions
that affect current assets, current liabilities, or
net income.
(2) Investing activities: Transactions that
involve the acquisition or disposition of
noncurrent assets.
(3) Financing activities: Transactions
(other than the payment of interest) involving
borrowing from creditors, and any transactions
(involving the owners of a company.
15-4
Interest is included as an operating
activity since it is part of net income. Financing
activities are narrowly defined to include only the
principal amount borrowed or repaid.
15-5
Since the entire proceeds from a sale of
an asset (including any gain) appear as a cash
inflow from investing activities, the gain must be

deducted from net income to avoid double
counting.
15-6
Transactions involving accounts payable
are not considered to be financing activities
because such transactions relate to a companys
day-to-day operating activities rather than to its
financing activities.
15-7
The repayment of $300,000 and the
borrowing of $500,000 must both be shown
gross on the statement of cash flows. That is,
the company would show $500,000 of cash
provided by financing activities and then show
$300,000 of cash used by financing activities.
15-8
The direct method reconstructs the
income statement on a cash basis by restating
revenues and expenses in terms of cash inflows
and outflows. The indirect method starts with net
income and adjusts it to a cash basis to
determine the cash provided by operating
activities.
15-9
Depreciation is not really a source of
cash, even though it is listed as a source on
the statement of cash flows. Adding back
depreciation charges to net income to compute
the amount of cash provided by operating
activities creates the illusion that depreciation is
a source of cash. It isnt. Charges to the
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2008. All rights reserved.

Solutions Manual, Chapter 15
59
accumulated depreciation account are added

back to net income since they are equivalent to
a decrease in an asset account. [See Exhibit 152.]
15-10 An increase in the Accounts Receivable
account must be deducted from net income
under the indirect method because this is an
increase in a noncash asset.
15-11 A decrease in the Accounts Payable
account must be added to cost of goods sold
under the direct method. The cost of goods sold
is increased by the amount of the decrease in
accounts payable. Because the cost of goods
sold is increased, the net cash flow provided by
operating activities is decreased. Note that this
is how a change in a liability should be handled

according to Exhibit 15-2. The effect of a
decrease in a liability is a decrease in cash.
15-12 A sale of equipment for cash would be
classified as an investing activity. Any
transaction involving the acquisition or
disposition of noncurrent assets is classified as
an investing activity.
15-13
Cost of goods sold..................
Decrease in inventory.............
Decrease in accounts payable
Cost of goods sold adjusted to a
cash basis...........................
$250,000
15,000
+10,000
$245,000
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2008

60
Managerial Accounting, 12th Edition
Exercise 15-1 (15 minutes)

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
Transaction
Operating Investing Financing Source
Short-term investment securities were purchased.
X
Equipment was purchased....................................
X
Accounts payable increased..................................
X
X
Deferred taxes decreased.....................................
X
Long-term bonds were issued...............................
X
X
Common stock was sold........................................
X
X
A cash dividend was declared and paid.................
X
Interest was paid to long-term creditors.................
X
A long-term mortgage was entirely paid off............
X
Inventories decreased...........................................
X
X
The company recorded net income of $1 million
for the year..........................................................
X
X
Depreciation charges totaled $200,000 for the
year.....................................................................
X
X
Accounts receivable increased..............................
X
Use
X
X
X
X
X
X

61

Net income....................................................................
$84,000
Adjustments to convert net income to a cash basis:
Depreciation charges for the year............................... $50,000
Increase in accounts receivable................................. (60,000)
Increase in inventory................................................... (77,000)
Decrease in prepaid expenses...................................
2,000
Increase in accounts payable..................................... 30,000
Decrease in accrued liabilities....................................
(4,000)
Increase in deferred income taxes..............................
6,000 (53,000)
Net cash provided by operating activities......................
$31,000

62

Sales..................................................................
Adjustments to a cash basis:
Less increase in accounts receivable...........
$1,000,000
Cost of goods sold.............................................

Plus increase in inventory............................
Less increase in accounts payable..............
580,000
Selling and administrative expenses..................

Less decrease in prepaid expenses.............
Plus decrease in accrued liabilities..............
Less depreciation charges...........................
Income taxes......................................................
Less increase in deferred income taxes.......
Net cash provided by operating activities..........
60,000 $940,000
+77,000
30,000
627,000
300,000
2,000
+4,000
50,000
252,000
36,000
6,000
30,000
$31,000
Note that the $31,000 agrees with the cash provided by operating activities
figure under the indirect method in the previous exercise.

63

Holly Company
For the Year Ended December 31, 2008
Operating activities:
Net income...................................................................
Depreciation charges for the year.............................
Increase in accounts receivable................................
Increase in inventory.................................................
Increase in accounts payable....................................
Net cash provided by operating activities....................
$20
$10
(7)
(14)
6
Investing activities:
Additions to plant and equipment.................................
Net cash used for investing activities...........................
(30)
Financing activities:
Increase in common stock...........................................
Cash dividends............................................................
Net cash provided by financing activities.....................
20
(8)
Net decrease in cash...................................................

Cash, January 1, 2008.................................................
Cash, December 31, 2008...........................................
(5)
15
(30)
12
(3)
7
$4

64
Exercise 15-4 (continued)

While not a requirement, a worksheet may be helpful.
AdSource or Cash Flow just-ment Adjusted
Change
Use?
Effect
s
Effect
Assets (except cash and cash equivalents)
Current assets:
Accounts receivable...........
+7
Use
7
7
Inventory............................
+14
Use
14
14
Noncurrent assets:
Plant and equipment..........
+30
Use
30
30
Liabilities, Contra assets, and Stockholders Equity
Contra assets:
Accumulated depreciation.
+10
Source
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable..............
+6
Source
Stockholders equity:
Common stock...................
+20
Source
Retained earnings:
Net income......................
+20
Source
Dividends........................
8
Use
Additional entries
None.....................................
Total......................................
Classi-fication
Operating
Operating
Investing
+10
+10
Operating
+6
+6
Operating
+20
+20
Financing
+20
8
+20
8
Operating
Financing

65

Sales............................................................
Increase in accounts receivable.............
$500
Cost of goods sold.......................................

Increase in inventory..............................
Increase in accounts payable.................
300
Selling and administrative expenses...........

Depreciation charges for the year..........
Net cash provided by operating activities....
7 $493
+14
6
308
180
10
170
$15

66

Item
Accounts Receivable...................
Accrued Interest Receivable........
Inventory......................................
Prepaid Expenses.......................
Accounts Payable........................
Accrued Liabilities........................
Deferred Income Taxes Liability. .
Sale of equipment........................
Sale of long-term investments.....
Amount
$70,000 decrease
$6,000 increase
$110,000 increase
$3,000 decrease
$40,000 decrease
$9,000 increase
$15,000 increase
$8,000 gain
$12,000 loss
Add
X
Deduct
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

67

1. Net income................................................................
Depreciation charges..............................................
Decrease in accounts receivable............................
Increase in inventory..............................................
Decrease in prepaid expenses...............................
Increase in accounts payable.................................
Decrease in accrued liabilities................................
Increase in taxes payable.......................................
Increase in deferred taxes......................................
Loss on sale of long-term investments...................
Gain on sale of land................................................
Net cash provided by operating activities..................
2.
$75
$40
10
(30)
5
20
(10)
10
5
5
(40)
15
$90
Herald Company
Net cash provided by operating activities (see above).....
$90
Proceeds from sale of long-term investments.................. $45
Proceeds from sale of land...............................................
70
Additions to long-term investments..................................
(20)
Additions to plant & equipment......................................... (150)
Net cash used for investing activities...............................
(55)
Decrease in bonds payable..............................................
Increase in common stock................................................
Cash dividends.................................................................
Net cash used by financing activities...............................
(15)
Net increase in cash (net cash flow)................................

Cash balance, beginning..................................................
Cash balance, ending.......................................................
(20)
40
(35)
20
100
$120

68

Change
Current assets:
Accounts receivable..........
10
Inventory...........................
+30
Prepaid expenses.............
5
Noncurrent assets:
Long-term investments......
30
Plant and equipment.........
+150
Land..................................
30
Source or
Use?
Cash
Flow Effect
Source
Use
Source
+10
30
+5
Source
Use
Source
+30
150
+30

Contra assets:
+40
Source
+20
Source
Accrued liabilities..............
10
Use
Taxes payable...................
+10
Source
Adjust-ment
s
Adjusted
Effect
Classi-fication
+10
30
+5
Operating
Operating
Operating
20
150
0
Investing
Investing
Investing
+40
+40
Operating
+20
10
+10
+20
10
+10
Operating
Operating
Operating
50
30

69
Change
Noncurrent liabilities:
Bonds payable..................
Deferred income taxes......
Common stock..................
Retained earnings:
Net income.....................
Dividends.......................
Source or
Use?
Cash
Flow Effect
Adjust-ment
s
Adjusted
Effect
Classi-fication
20
+5
Use
Source
20
+5
20
+5
Financing
Operating
+40
Source
+40
+40
Financing
+75
35
Source
Use
+75
35
+75
35
Operating
Financing
+45
+5
+70
40
+45
+5
+70
40
Investing
Operating
Investing
Operating
+20
Additional entries
Proceeds from sale of investments.........................
Loss on sale of investments
Proceeds from sale of land. .
Gain on sale of land.............
Total.....................................
+20

70

Sales..............................................................
Decrease in accounts receivable..............
$600
Cost of goods sold.........................................

Increase in inventory................................
Increase in accounts payable...................
250
Selling and administrative expenses..............

Decrease in prepaid expenses.................
Decrease in accrued liabilities..................
Depreciation charges...............................
Income taxes..................................................
Increase in taxes payable.........................
Increase in deferred taxes........................
Net cash provided by operating activities.......
+10 $610
+30
20
260
280
5
+10
40
245
30
10
5
15
$90

71
Problem 15-9 (20 minutes)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
Transaction
Bonds were retired by paying the principal amount due.....................................
Equipment was purchased by giving a
long-term note to the seller...................
Interest was paid on a note, decreasing
Interest Payable....................................
Accrued taxes were paid..........................
A long-term loan was made to a supplier.
Interest was received on the long-term
loan in (e) above, reducing Interest Receivable.................................................
Cash dividends were declared and paid. .
A building was acquired in exchange for
shares of the companys common
stock......................................................
Common stock was sold for cash to investors...................................................
Equipment was sold for cash...................
Equipment was sold in exchange for a
long-term note.......................................
Convertible bonds were converted into
common stock.......................................
Source, Reported in
Use, or
Separate
Operating Investing Financing Neither Schedule?
X
Use
Neither
X
X
Use
Use
Use
X
X
X
Source
Use
Neither
X
X
Yes
Yes
Source
Source
Neither
Yes
Neither
Yes

72

1. and 2.
Eaton Company
Net income.............................................................
Adjustments to convert net income to cash basis:
Depreciation charges........................................
Increase in accounts receivable........................
Decrease in inventory.......................................
Increase in prepaid expenses...........................
Increase in accounts payable...........................
Decrease in accrued liabilities..........................
Gain on sale of investments..............................
Loss on sale of equipment................................
Increase in deferred income taxes....................
Net cash provided by operating activities...............
$56
25
(80)
35
(2)
75
(10)
(5)
2
8
Proceeds from sale of long-term investments........
Proceeds from sale of equipment...........................
Additions to plant and equipment...........................
Net cash used for investing activities.....................
12
18
(110)
Increase in bonds payable......................................
Decrease in common stock....................................
Cash dividends.......................................................
Net cash used for financing activities.....................
25
(40)
(16)
Net decrease in cash..............................................

Cash balance, January 1, 2008..............................
Cash balance, December 31, 2008........................
48
104
(80)
(31)
(7)
11
$4

73
Problem 15-10 (continued)

Source or
Change
Use?
Current assets:
Accounts receivable.........
+80
Use
Inventory..........................
35
Source
Prepaid expenses............
+2
Use
Noncurrent assets:
Plant and equipment........
+80
Use
Long-term investments....
7
Source
Contra assets:
Accumulated depreciation
+15
Source
Accounts payable.............
+75
Source
Accrued liabilities.............
10
Use
Cash Flow
Effect
Adjust-ment
s
80
+35
2
Adjusted
Effect
Classi-fication
80
+35
2
Operating
Operating
Operating
80
+7
30
7
110
0
Investing
Investing
+15
+10
+25
Operating
+75
10
Operating
Operating
+75
10

74
Change
Bonds payable.................
Deferred income taxes.....
Common stock.................
Retained earnings:
Net income....................
Dividends......................
Source or
Use?
Cash Flow
Effect
Adjusted
Effect
Classi-fication
+25
+8
Source
Source
+25
+8
+25
+8
Financing
Operating
40
Use
40
40
Financing
+56
16
Source
Use
+56
16
+56
16
Operating
Financing
+18
+2
+18
+2
Investing
Operating
+12
+12
Investing
Operating
Additional entries
Proceeds from sale of
equipment........................
Loss on sale of equipment..
Proceeds from sale of longterm investments..............
Gain on sale of long-term
investments......................
Total....................................
Adjust-ment
s

75

1. Sales...........................................................
$750

Decrease in inventory............................
Increase in accounts payable................
450

Increase in prepaid expenses................
Decrease in accrued liabilities...............
Depreciation charges.............................
223
Income taxes...............................................
Increase in deferred income taxes.........
80 $670
35
75
+2
+10
25
340
210
24
8
16
$104

76

2.
Eaton Company
For the Year ended December 31, 2008
Cash received from customers.........................
Less cash disbursements for:
Cost of merchandise sold..............................
Selling and administrative expenses.............
Income taxes.................................................
Total cash disbursements.................................
Net cash provided by operating activities.........
$670
$340
210
16
566
104
Proceeds from sale of long-term investments. .
Proceeds from sale of equipment.....................
Additions to plant and equipment.....................
Net cash used for investing activities...............
12
18
(110)
Increase in bonds payable...............................
Decrease in common stock..............................
Cash dividends.................................................
Net cash used for financing activities...............
25
(40)
(16)
Net decrease in cash........................................

Cash balance, January 1, 2008........................
Cash balance, December 31, 2008..................
(80)
(31)
(7)
11
$ 4

77

1. and 2.
Foxboro Company
For Year 2
Net income...........................................................
Increase in inventory.........................................
Decrease in prepaid expenses..........................
Increase in accounts payable............................
Decrease in accrued liabilities...........................
Gain on sale of equipment................................
Net cash provided by operating activities............
$63,000
$ 45,000
(70,000)
(48,000)
9,000
50,000
(8,000)
(6,000)
4,000
Proceeds from sale of equipment........................
Loan to Harker Company.....................................
Additions to plant and equipment.........................
Net cash used for investing activities...................
26,000
(40,000)
(150,000)
Increase in bonds payable...................................
Increase in common stock...................................
Cash dividends....................................................
Net cash provided by financing activities.............
90,000
60,000
(33,000)
Net decrease in cash...........................................

Cash balance, beginning of year.........................
Cash balance, end of year...................................
(24,000)
39,000
(164,000)
117,000
(8,000)
19,000
$11,000

78

3. The relatively small amount of cash provided by operating activities
during the year was largely the result of a large increase in accounts
receivable. (The large increase in inventory was offset by a large
increase in accounts payable.) Most of the cash that was provided by
operating activities was paid out in dividends. The small amount that
remained, combined with the cash provided by the issue of bonds and
the issue of common stock, was insufficient to purchase a large amount
of equipment and make a loan to another company. As a result, the cash
on hand declined sharply during the year.

79

Change
Current assets:
+70
Inventory............................
+48
Prepaid expenses..............
9
Noncurrent assets:
Loan to Harker Company...
+40
+120
Source or
Use?
Cash Flow
Effect
Adjust-ments
Adjusted
Effect
Classi-fication
Use
Use
Source
70
48
+9
70
48
+9
Operating
Operating
Operating
Use
Use
40
120
30
40
150
Investing
Investing
+35
+10
+45
Operating
+50
8
Operating
Operating

Contra assets:
+35
Source
+50
Source
Accrued liabilities...............
8
Use
+50
8

80

Change
Bonds payable...................
Deferred income taxes.......
Common stock...................
Retained earnings:
Net income......................
Dividends........................
Source or
Use?
Cash Flow
Effect
Adjusted
Effect
Classi-fication
+90
+4
Source
Source
+90
+4
+90
+4
Financing
Operating
+60
Source
+60
+60
Financing
+63
33
Source
Use
+63
33
+63
33
Operating
Financing
+26
6
+26
6
Investing
Operating
Additional entries
Proceeds from sale of equipment...................................
Gain on sale of equipment....
Total......................................
Adjust-ments

81

1. Sales...........................................................
$700,000

400,000
70,000 $630,000
+48,000
50,000

Decrease in prepaid expenses..............
216,000
Income taxes...............................................
27,000
9,000
+8,000
45,000
4,000
398,000
170,000
23,000
$39,000

82

2.
Foxboro Company
For Year 2
Cash received from customers..................
Cost of merchandise purchased.............
Selling and administrative expenses......
Income taxes..........................................
Total cash disbursements..........................
Net cash provided by operating activities. .
$630,000
$398,000
170,000
23,000
591,000
39,000
Proceeds from sale of equipment..............
Loan to Harker Company..........................
Additions to plant and equipment..............
Net cash used for investing activities........
26,000
(40,000)
(150,000)
Increase in bonds payable........................
Increase in common stock.........................
Cash dividends..........................................
Net cash provided by financing activities. .
90,000
60,000
(33,000)
Net decrease in cash.................................

Cash balance, beginning of year...............
Cash balance, end of year........................
(164,000)
117,000
(8,000)
19,000
$11,000

83

3. The decline in cash is explainable largely by the companys inability to
generate a significant amount of cash from operating activities. Note that
the company generated only $39,000 from operating activities, although
net income was $63,000 for the year. This small amount of cash
generated is due primarily to the buildup of accounts receivable. Even
though an additional $150,000 was obtained from bonds and common
stock ($90,000 + $60,000 = $150,000), the cash available was not
sufficient to expand the plant, make a substantial loan to another
company, and pay a large cash dividend. As a result, cash declined
during the year.

84

1. and 2.
Allied Products
Net income..........................................................
Increase in accounts receivable.......................
Increase in inventory.........................................
Decrease in prepaid expenses.........................
Increase in accounts payable...........................
Decrease in accrued liabilities..........................
Gain on sale of investments.............................
Loss on sale of equipment................................
Net cash provided by operating activities............
$70,000
$ 60,000
(90,000)
(54,000)
8,000
45,000
(7,000)
(20,000)
6,000
3,000
Proceeds from sale of long-term investments.....
Proceeds from sale of equipment........................
Additions to plant and equipment........................
Net cash used for investing activities..................
50,000
44,000
(200,000)
Increase in bonds payable...................................
Decrease in common stock.................................
Cash dividends....................................................
100,000
(5,000)
(28,000)
Net decrease in cash...........................................

Cash balance, January 1, 2008...........................
Cash balance, December 31, 2008.....................
(49,000)
21,000
(106,000)
67,000
(18,000)
33,000
$15,000

85

3. Although the company reported a large net income for the year, a
relatively small amount of cash was provided by operating activities due
to increases in both accounts receivable and inventory. Note particularly
that operations didnt generate enough cash to even pay the cash
dividends for the year. Although the company obtained cash from sales
of assets and an issue of bonds, this was not sufficient to cover the cost
of a $200,000 increase in plant and equipment for the year. More care
should have been taken in planning this major investment in plant
assets. Also, the company should probably get better control over its
accounts receivable. (Although inventory also increased during the year,
this increase was largely offset by the increase in accounts payable.)


86

Change
Current assets:
+90
Inventory............................
+54
Prepaid expenses..............
8
Noncurrent assets:
30
+110
Source or
Use?
Cash
Flow Effect
Use
Use
Source
90
54
+8
Source
Use
+30
110
+20

Contra assets:
+20
Source
+45
Source
Accrued liabilities...............
7
Use
+45
7
Adjust-ment
s
Adjusted
Effect
Classi-fication
90
54
+8
Operating
Operating
Operating
30
90
0
200
Investing
Investing
+40
+60
Operating
+45
7
Operating
Operating

87
Change
Bonds payable...................
Deferred income taxes.......
Common stock...................
Retained earnings:
Net income......................
Dividends........................
+100
+3
Source or
Use?
Cash
Flow Effect
Adjust-ment
s
Source
Source
+100
+3
+100
+3
Financing
Operating
Adjusted
Effect
Classi-fication
Use
Financing
+70
28
Source
Use
+70
28
+70
28
Operating
Financing
+50
+50
Investing
20
20
Operating
+44
+6
+44
+6
Investing
Operating
18
Additional entries
Proceeds from sale of longterm investments...............
Gain from sale of investments.................................
Proceeds from sale of equipment...................................
Loss on sale of equipment....
Total......................................
18

88

1. Sales...........................................................
$800,000

500,000
90,000 $710,000
+54,000
45,000

Decrease in prepaid expenses..............
214,000
Income taxes...............................................
30,000
8,000
+7,000
60,000
3,000
509,000
153,000
27,000
$21,000

89

2.
Allied Products
Cash received from customers.........................
Cost of merchandise purchased....................
Selling and administrative expenses.............
Income taxes.................................................
Total cash disbursements.................................
Net cash provided by operating activities.........
$710,000
$509,000
153,000
27,000
689,000
21,000
Proceeds from sale of long-term investments. .
Proceeds from sale of equipment.....................
Additions to plant and equipment.....................
Net cash used for investing activities...............
50,000
44,000
(200,000)
Increase in bonds payable...............................
Decrease in common stock..............................
Cash dividends.................................................
Net cash provided by financing activities.........
100,000
(5,000)
(28,000)
Net decrease in cash........................................

Cash balance, January 1, 2008........................
Cash balance, December 31, 2008..................
(106,000)
67,000
(18,000)
33,000
$15,000

90

1. See the worksheet at the end of the solution.
2.
Alcorn Products
Net income...........................................................
Depreciation charges.........................................
Amortization of patents......................................
Decrease in inventory........................................
Increase in prepaid expenses............................
Increase in accounts payable............................
Decrease in accrued liabilities...........................
Gain on sale of long-term investments..............
Loss on sale of equipment.................................
Net cash provided by operating activities.............
Proceeds from sale of long-term investments......
Proceeds from sale of equipment.........................
Loans to subsidiaries...........................................
Additions to plant and equipment.........................
Net cash used for investing activities...................
$170,000
$ 95,000
6,000
(180,000)
12,000
(5,000)
300,000
(17,000)
(60,000)
20,000
15,000
186,000
356,000
110,000
70,000
(50,000)
(700,000)
(570,000)

91

Increase in long-term notes..................................
Increase in common stock...................................
Retire long-term notes..........................................
Cash dividends to stockholders............................
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents..........
Cash balance, January 1, 2008............................
Cash balance, December 31, 2008......................
600,000
90,000
(380,000)
(75,000)
235,000
21,000
50,000
$71,000

92

3. The large amount of cash provided by operating activities is traceable
for the most part to the $300,000 increase in accounts payable. If the
accounts payable had remained basically unchanged, the same as
inventory, then operating activities would have provided very little cash
and the company might have experienced serious cash problems.
Note particularly that the cash provided by operating activities was used
to purchase plant and equipment. Thus, the company is using cash
derived from a short-term source (buildup of accounts payable) to
finance long-term asset acquisitions. In short, although the company is
generating substantial cash from operating activities, the quality of this
source is open to question.
In the companys financing activities, it appears that long-term debt
sources, rather than equity sources, are being used to provide for
expansion. Although companies frequently use debt to finance
expansion, the level of debt in this company is increasing rapidly. (See
Chapter 16 for a discussion of the Debt-to-Equity ratio and other
financial ratios.)

93

Source or
Use?
Change
Current assets:
+180
Use
Inventory...........................
12
Source
+5
Use
Noncurrent assets:
50
Source
Loans to subsidiaries........
+50
Use
+570
Use
Patents..............................
6
Source
Contra assets:
+55
Source
+300
Source
17
Use
Cash Flow
Effect
Adjust-ments
180
+12
5
+50
50
570
+6
+55
+300
17
50
130
+40
Adjusted
Effect
Classi-fication
180
+12
5
Operating
Operating
Operating
0
50
700
+6
Investing
Investing
Operating
+95
Operating
+300
17
Operating
Operating

94

Change
Long-term notes................
Common stock..................
Retained earnings:
Net income.....................
Dividends........................
Source or
Use?
Cash Flow
Effect
+220
+15
Source
Source
+220
+15
+90
Source
+170
75
Source
Use
Classi-fication
Financing
Operating
+90
+90
Financing
+170
75
+170
75
Operating
Financing
380
380
Financing
+70
+20
+70
+20
Investing
Operating
+110
+110
Investing
60
60
Operating
+21
+21
+380
Adjusted
Effect
+600
+15
Additional entries
Retire long-term notes.........
equipment.........................
Loss on sale of equipment...
Proceeds from sale of longterm investments...............
Gain on sale of long-term investments..........................
Total.....................................
Adjust-ments

95

Sales............................................................
$3,000,000

Decrease in inventory............................
Increase in accounts payable.................
1,860,000

Increase in prepaid expenses................
Decrease in accrued liabilities................
Patent amortization................................
930,000
Income tax expense.....................................

180,000
12,000
300,000
+5,000
+17,000
95,000
6,000
$2,820,000
1,548,000
851,000
80,000
15,000
65,000
$ 356,000

96

Before the statement of cash flows can be prepared, we must first determine the following amounts:
The gain on sale of equipment.
The cost of plant and equipment purchased during the year.
The depreciation charges for the year.
The net income for the year.
The computations follow:
Bal.
(2)
Bal.
Plant and Equipment

2,850,00
0
500,000
(1)
160,000
3,190,00
0
Accumulated Depreciation
975,000
Bal.
(1) 145,000 (3)
210,000
1,040,000
Bal.
Explanation of entries:
(1)The entry to record the sale of equipment:
Cash.............................................................
Accumulated Depreciation...........................
Plant and Equipment..............................
Gain on Sale of Equipment....................
35,000
145,000
160,000
20,000
(2)The balancing entry to record the plant and equipment purchased during
the year ($500,000).
(3)The balancing entry to record the depreciation charges for the year
($210,000).
The companys Retained Earnings account increased by $75,000 and cash
dividends totaled $10,000 for the year. Therefore, the net income for the
year must have been: $75,000 + $10,000 = $85,000.

97

Given the amounts above, the statement of cash flows would be as follows:
Damocles Company
For the Year
Net income..............................................................
Depreciation charges...........................................
Increase in accounts receivable...........................
Decrease in inventory...........................................
Increase in prepaid expenses...............................
Increase in accounts payable...............................
Decrease in accrued liabilities..............................
Gain on sale of equipment...................................
Add increase in deferred income taxes................
Net cash provided by operating activities................
$85,000
$210,000
(170,000)
63,000
(4,000)
48,000
(5,000)
(20,000)
9,000 131,000
216,000
Decrease in long-term loan to subsidiary................
Proceeds from sale of equipment...........................
Additions to long-term investments.........................
Additions to plant and equipment............................
Net cash used for investing activities......................
80,000
35,000
(90,000)
(500,000)
Increase in bonds payable......................................
Increase in common stock......................................
Decrease in preferred stock....................................
Cash dividends........................................................
Net cash provided by financing activities................
200,000
300,000
(180,000)
(10,000)
Net increase in cash................................................

Cash balance, beginning.........................................
Cash balance, ending.............................................
(475,000)
310,000
51,000
109,000
$160,000

98

Change
Current assets:
+170
Inventory...........................
63
+4
Noncurrent assets:
Long-term loans................
80
+90
+340
Source or
Use?
Cash
Flow Effect
Adjust-ments
Adjusted
Effect
Classi-fication
Use
Source
Use
170
+63
4
170
+63
4
Operating
Operating
Operating
Source
Use
Use
+80
90
340
160
+80
90
500
Investing
Investing
Investing
+65
+145
+210
Operating
+48
5
Operating
Operating

Contra assets:
+65
Source
+48
Source
5
Use
+48
5

99
Change
Bonds payable..................
Preferred stock..................
Common stock..................
Retained earnings:
Net income.....................
Dividends........................
Source or
Use?
Cash
Flow Effect
Adjust-ments
Adjusted
Effect
Classi-fication
+200
+9
Source
Source
+200
+9
+200
+9
Financing
Operating
180
+300
Use
Source
180
+300
180
+300
Financing
Financing
+85
10
Source
Use
+85
10
+85
10
Operating
Financing
+35
20
+35
20
Investing
Operating
+51
Additional entries
equipment.........................
Gain on sale of equipment...
Total.....................................
+51

100
Research and Application 15-19 (240 minutes)

1. Netflix mentions four competitive strengths on page 3 of its 10-K:
comprehensive library of titles, personalized merchandising, scalable
business model, and convenience, selection and fast delivery. These
strengths suggest that Netflixs strategy relies on a combination of
customer intimacy and operational excellence. Netflix is attempting to
create customer intimacy by using proprietary personalized
merchandising software to tailor a comprehensive library of 55,000 titles
to the unique viewing interests of individual customers. The companys
operational excellence value proposition is a function of providing
customers with convenient internet-based access to and fast delivery of
a large selection of DVD movies. It is also a function of the companys
scalable business model. In other words, Netflixs internet-based
business model allows it to increase sales without the need to build and
staff costly retail outlets.
While students can make defensible arguments in favor of either value
proposition, most internet companies attract customers by offering
convenient order placement and delivery of products such as books,
DVDs, airline tickets, etc. at low prices. Although these companies seek
to increase sales by using software that tailors their offerings to
individual customer preferences, the bedrock of their success hinges on
operational excellence.
2. Netflix faces numerous business risks as described on pages 8-20 of the
annual report. Students may appropriately contend that many of these
risks call into question the viability of Netflixs strategy. Here are four
risks faced by Netflix. Two of these risks are largely uncontrollable and
two have suggested control activities:
Risk: Video on Demand (VOD) technology, which enables cable and internet providers to immediately transmit movies to customers on demand, may supplant the Netflix business model. Netflix customers cannot get immediate access to the movies they wish to watch because
they have to wait until they arrive by mail. Netflix does not have a readily
available control activity to reduce this risk, which continues to grow as
the quality and speed of VOD content delivery improves.

101
Research and Application 15-19 (continued)

Risk: Studios will alter their filmed entertainment release date practices
in a manner that threatens Netflixs sales. Page 10 of the 10-K says
DVDs currently enjoy a significant competitive advantage over other
distribution channels, such as pay-per-view and VOD, because of the
early distribution window for DVDs. Currently, studios distribute their
filmed entertainment content approximately three to six months after theatrical release to the home video market, seven to nine months after theatrical release to pay-per-view and VOD, one year after theatrical release to satellite and cable, and two to three years after theatrical release to basic cable and syndicated networks. If movie studios choose
to shrink or close the window of time that companies such as Netflix can
rent new DVD releases without competition from competing mediums
(such as pay-per-view and VOD), it will lower retailers DVD rental revenues. Netflix does not have a readily available control activity to reduce
this risk.
Risk: Computer viruses could disrupt Netflixs website. In addition, computer hackers could obtain unauthorized accessed to customers credit
card numbers. Either event would damage the companys reputation
and sales growth goals. Control activities: Invest generously in firewalls
and encryption technology to keep website and sensitive customer information secure.
Risk: Inaccurate forecasts may lead to excessive inventory of some
movie titles and stockouts of other titles. Control activities: Create software that allows users to rate movies that they have viewed. The customer feedback helps predict what movie titles will thrive or dive.

102

3. The comparative balance sheet is shown below and on the following page:
Netflix, Inc.
Comparative Balance Sheet
(in thousands)
Beginning
Ending
Balance
Balance
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents......................
Prepaid expenses....................................
Prepaid revenue sharing expenses..........
Deferred tax assets..................................
Other current assets.................................
Total current assets....................................
DVD library, net..........................................
Intangible assets, net.................................
Property and equipment, net......................
Deposits.....................................................
Deferred tax assets....................................
Other assets...............................................
Total assets................................................
$174,461
2,741
4,695
0
5,449
187,346
42,158
961
18,728
1,600
0
1,000
$251,793
$212,256
7,848
5,252
13,666
4,669
243,691
57,032
457
40,213
1,249
21,239
800
$364,681
Change
Source
Or Use?
+37,795
+5,107
+557
+13,666
780
Use
Use
Use
Source
+14,874
504
+21,485
351
+21,239
200
Use
Source
Use
Source
Use
Source

103

Liabilities and Stockholders Equity
Accounts payable.....................................
Accrued expenses....................................
Deferred revenue.....................................
Current portion of capital leases..............
Total current liabilities.................................
Deferred rent..............................................
Total liabilities.............................................
$ 49,775
13,131
31,936
68
94,910
600
95,510
$ 63,491
25,563
48,533
0
137,587
842
138,429
+13,716
+12,432
+16,597
68
Source
Source
Source
Use
+242
Source
Stockholders Equity:
Common stock.........................................
Additional paid-in capital..........................
Deferred stock-based compensation.......
Accumulated other comp. income............
Accumulated deficit..................................
Total stockholders equity...........................
Total liabilities and stockholders equity.....
53
292,843
(4,693)
(222)
(131,698)
156,283
$251,793
55
317,194
(1,326)
0
( 89,671)
226,252
$364,681
+2
+24,351
+3,367
+222
+42,027
Source
Source
Source
Source
Source

104

4. The changes shown on the balance sheet are accounted for on the
statement of cash flows as follows (all amounts are in thousands):
The change in the Cash and Cash Equivalents of $37,795 is shown on the
statement of cash flows as the Net Increase in Cash and Cash
Equivalents.
The changes in Prepaid Expenses, Prepaid Revenue Sharing Expenses,
and Other Current Assets are accounted for in the operating activities
section of the statement of cash flows under Changes in Prepaid
Expenses and Other Current Assets. The reconciliation is as follows:
Balance Sheet:
Prepaid expenses (Use).........................................
Prepaid revenue sharing expenses (Use)..............
Other current assets (Source)................................
Use of cash.............................................................
Statement of Cash Flows:
Change in prepaid expenses and other current
assets (Use).........................................................
($5,107)
(557)
780
($4,884)
($4,884)
The changes in Deferred Tax Assets in the current and noncurrent asset
sections of the balance sheet are accounted for in the operating
activities section of the statement of cash flows under Adjustments to
Reconcile Net Income to Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities. The
reconciliation is as follows:
Balance Sheet:
Deferred tax assetscurrent (Use)........................
Deferred tax assetsnoncurrent (Use)..................
Use of cash.............................................................
Adjustments to net incomeDeferred taxes (Use)
($13,666)
( 21,239)
($34,905)
($34,905)

105

The change in the DVD Library, Net account on the balance sheet is
accounted for in the operating and investing activities sections of the
statement of cash flows. The reconciliation is as follows:
Balance Sheet:
DVD library, net (Use)............................................
Adjustment to net incomeamortization of DVD
library (Source)....................................................
Adjustment to net incomegain on disposal of
DVDs (Use)..........................................................
Acquisitions of DVD library (Use)...........................
Proceeds from sale of DVDs (Source)...................
Use of cash.............................................................
($14,874)
$96,883
(3,588)
(113,950)
5,781
($14,874)
The change in the Intangible Assets, Net account on the balance sheet is
accounted for in the operating and investing activities sections of the
statement of cash flows. The reconciliation is as follows:
Balance Sheet:
Intangible assets, net (Source)...............................
Adjustments to net incomeamortization of intangible assets (Source)...........................................
Acquisition of intangible asset (Use)......................
Source of cash........................................................
$504
$985
( 481)
$504
The change in the Property and Equipment, Net account on the balance
sheet is accounted for in the operating and investing activities sections
of the statement of cash flows. The reconciliation is as follows:
Balance Sheet:
Property and equipment, net (Use)........................
Adjustments to net incomedepreciation of property and equipment (Source)...............................
Purchases of property and equipment (Use)..........
Use of cash.............................................................
($21,485)
$ 9,134
( 30,619)
($21,485)

106

The changes in the Deposits and Other Assets balance sheet accounts
are accounted for in the investing activities section of the statement of
cash flows. The reconciliation is as follows:
Balance Sheet:
Deposits (Source).....................................................
Other assets (Source)...............................................
Source of cash..........................................................
Deposits and other assets........................................
$351
200
$551
$551
The changes in the Accounts Payable ($13,716), Accrued Expenses

($12,432), Deferred Revenue ($16,597), and Deferred Rent ($242)
balance sheet accounts are directly recorded in the operating activities
section of the statement of cash flows.
The change in the Current Portion of Capital Leases account on the
balance sheet is accounted for in the operating and financing activities
sections of the balance sheet. The reconciliation is as follows:
Balance Sheet:
Current portion of capital leases (Use).....................
Adjustments to net incomenon-cash interest expense (Source)......................................................
Principal payments on notes payable and capital
lease obligations (Use)..........................................
Use of cash...............................................................
($68)
$11
( 79)
$68
The Common Stock, Additional Paid-In Capital, and Deferred Stock-Based

Compensation balance sheet accounts are recorded in the operating
and financing activities sections of the statement of cash flows. The
reconciliation is as follows:

107

Balance Sheet:
Common stock (Source)...........................................
Additional paid-in capital (Source)............................
Deferred stock-based compensation (Source).........
Source of cash..........................................................
Adjustments to net incomestock-based compensation expense (Source)........................................
Proceeds from issuance of commons stock
(Source).................................................................
Source of cash..........................................................
$
2
24,351
3,367
$27,720
$14,327
13,393
$27,720
The change in the Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income balance

sheet account ($222) is directly accounted for in the financing activities
section of the statement of cash flows. The change in the Accumulated
Deficit balance sheet account ($42,027) corresponds with the net
income reported in the statement of cash flows.
5. Using the approach mentioned in the In Business box, Netflixs free cash
flows is calculated as follows (amounts are in thousands):
Net operating income....................................
Add Depreciation and amortization:
Property and equipment.............................
DVD library.................................................
Intangible assets.........................................
Deduct capital expenditures and dividends:
Purchases of property and equipment........
Acquisition of intangible asset....................
Acquisition of DVD library...........................
Free cash flow...............................................
* Netflix did not pay any dividends
$ 2,989
$ 9,134
96,883
985
107,002
(30,619)
(481)
(113,950) ( 145,050)
($ 35,059)
Netflix is not generating enough free cash flow to sustain its operations.
Unless Netflix can reverse this trend, the company will need to attempt
to obtain additional cash from creditors or investors to sustain its ongoing investments in important assets such as the DVD library.

108

109

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inflow from investing activities, the gain must be

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accumulated depreciation account are added

is how a change in a liability should be handled

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Managerial Accounting, 12th Edition

Exercise 15-1 (15 minutes)

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Exercise 15-2 (15 minutes)

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Managerial Accounting, 12th Edition

Exercise 15-3 (15 minutes)

Cost of goods sold.............................................

Selling and administrative expenses..................

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Exercise 15-4 (30 minutes)

Net decrease in cash...................................................

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Managerial Accounting, 12th Edition

Exercise 15-4 (continued)

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Exercise 15-5 (15 minutes)

Cost of goods sold.......................................

Selling and administrative expenses...........

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Managerial Accounting, 12th Edition

Exercise 15-6 (10 minutes)

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Exercise 15-7 (30 minutes)

Net increase in cash (net cash flow)................................

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Managerial Accounting, 12th Edition

Exercise 15-7 (continued)

Liabilities, Contra assets, and Stockholders Equity

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Exercise 15-7 (continued)

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Managerial Accounting, 12th Edition

Exercise 15-8 (15 minutes)

Cost of goods sold.........................................

Selling and administrative expenses..............

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Problem 15-9 (20 minutes)

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Managerial Accounting, 12th Edition

Problem 15-10 (30 minutes)

Net decrease in cash..............................................

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Problem 15-10 (continued)

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Managerial Accounting, 12th Edition

Problem 15-10 (continued)

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Problem 15-11 (30 minutes)

Cost of goods sold.......................................

Selling and administrative expenses...........

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Managerial Accounting, 12th Edition