Notes to Users: This document is a template.

The template was created by generalizing the Bridge Design Criteria report for a sizeable reconstruction project and therefore covers many bridge types and bridgework types. Modify this document to fit each project. This may mean deleting or adding sections to the template changing design and!or material specifications allowable values materials etc. "lease forward any suggestions for improving the template to the #tate Bridge $ffice. nnn in the document indicates missing numerical data. aaa in the document indicates missing alpha data. Initial Date: Modification Dates: %anuary &' &((( %anuary ') *''+

BRIDGE DESIGN CRITERIA US!

U"S" nnn REC#NSTRUCTI#N

DATE

%repared +*: ,our Compan*

TAB-E #. C#NTENTS

ITEM &. Technical "olicy ,uidelines *. ,eometric -ayout .. Design -oads /. Materials ). #uperstructure Design +. #ubstructure Design 0. Miscellaneous 1. Contract "ay 2tems (. Metric Conversion 3actors

%AGE n n n n n n n n n

BRIDGE DESIGN CRITERIA US! aa nnn REC#NSTRUCTI#N %ro&ect No" nnn'nnn $'nnnn'()
&. T4C562C7- "$-2C8 ,92D4-264# The following design criteria identify the particular standards and procedures which are used for the bridge design: &.& *''* ;77#5T$ #tandard #pecifications for 5ighway Bridges; &0th 4dition plus interims. and!or 77#5T$ -<3D Bridge Design #pecifications .rd 4dition plus interims. &.* &.. =D$T ;Bridge Design Manual; >%anuary *'')? and updates. =D$T #tandard Drawings >9#? &./ #tate of =ansas ;#tandard #pecifications for #tate <oad and Bridge Construction ; &((' and #pecial "rovisions. &.) &.+ &.0 *. $ther publications as noted. #ystem of @eights and Measurements: The bridge design plans and specifiA cations are based upon the 4nglish >9#? system of weights and measurements. C<#2 Manual of #tandard "ractice

,4$M4T<2C -78$9T *.& *.* The bridge spans horizontal and vertical alignment and general arrangement of the structures are as shown on the preliminary plans. Bridges for this project have a width of structure as follows: <$7D@78 @2DT5 */ ft. /' ft. $9T to $9T @2DT5 *+ /* ft. ft.

-$C7T2$6 4Bisting mainline bridges 6ew mainline bridges

&

*..

=D$T standard corral rails &CA'D width and .*D height are provided on all new mainline aa nnn bridges and as the retrofit barrier on all eBisting bridges unless specified otherwise. "rovisions are made for thrieAbeam guard fence connections to the concrete barrier rail at all four bridge corners for both eBisting and new bridges. Minimum horizontal and vertical clearances are as follows: *./.& Desirable horizontal clearance to obstructions is as reEuired in the =D$T <oadside Design "olicy and the ;77#5T$ <oadside Design ,uide; based on design speed traffic volumes and slopes. #ite specific eBceptions may be necessary to allow for eBisting conditions. Desirable vertical clearance at grade separations: A &+CA/D for side roads over aa nnn >4Bample: 9# 0)? A &)CA/D for local roads under aa nnn A &+CA/D for local roads under aa nnn if there is an interchange A &)CA/D for state 5ighways under aa nnn A &+CA/D for state 5ighways under aa nnn if there is an interchange Desirable vertical clearance is a minimum of *.CA'D for railroad overpasses. Minimum high water clearance for the aa nnn bridges over aaa Creek is *CA'D to the &'' year high water elevation and .CA'D to the )' year high water elevation. #ite specific eBceptions may be necessary to allow for eBisting conditions. *./.. Clearance reEuirements for new mainline bridge crossings: 3eature Crossed >#er. F? aaaaaaaaa >nnn? Gertical Clearance &+CA/D 5orizontal Clearance *)CA'D

*./

*./.*

..

D4#2,6 -$7D# ..& Dead -oad ..&.& #tructural $nly >;7; D-? >&? >*? Concrete with reinforcing steel H #tructural steel H '.*1..
# in 3
# ft 3

&)'

>density?

>density?

..&.*

#uperimposed Dead -oad >;B; D-? >&? 7n allowance of &)

is made for the loading of an initial &ID

thick concrete wearing surface on all transverse slab designs with overlays. >*? 7n allowance of *)
# ft 2

for the loading of a future wearing surA

face is included in the design of bridge decks with .D clearance to the top reinforcing. >.? >/? Barrier Curbs. 7llowance for dead loads such as pipes hand railings light standards conduits or other immovable appurtenances is included in the design where appropriate.

..&.. ..*

Total Dead -oad H ;7; D- J ;B; D-.

-ive -oad ..*.& ..*.* ..*.. 7ll new bridges are designed for the -<3D 5-A(. live load. The maBimum number of design lanes is as specified by 77#5T$ with allowable reduction for multiple lane loading for substructure design. -ive load plus dynamic allowance deflection does not eBceed &!1'' of the span length >no sidewalks?. 7ll beams for prestressed concrete beam or steel girder bridges are considered to act together and have eEual deflecA tion. Dynamic allowance provisions in accordance with -<3D are applied to superstructure and substructure elements above the footings. 2mpact is not applied to substructure units below tops of footings.

..*./

...

3atigue ....& ....* ..... #tructural steel beams and plate girders are designed for a minimum of -<3D fatigue using the 5-A(. >$ne -ane -oaded? design loading. #tructural steel is designed for applicable 77#5T$ 3atigue Categories for redundant load path structures. 3or weathering steel design the allowable fatigue stress range for Category 7 details is reduced to the Category B allowable provided by 77#5T$.

../

Thermal 3orces
../.& ../.* The design mean temperature is +'K 3. 3orces and moments due to temperature rise and fall are calculated for the following temperature ranges: >&? #teel: Coefficient of Thermal 4Bpansion H +.)B&' A+ ! K3 Temperature <ange H A.'K3 to J&*'K3 Temperature <ise +'K3 Temperature 3all ('K3 Concrete: Coefficient of Thermal 4Bpansion H +.'B&' A+ ! K3 Temperature <ange H 'K3 to J1'K3 Temperature <ise *'K3 Temperature 3all +'K3

>*?

..)

-ongitudinal 3orces ..).& ..).* -ongitudinal forces are computed in accordance with -<3D. 3orces at elastomeric bearings are based on a shear modulus for +' durometer hardness.

..+

4arth 3orces ..+.& ..+.* 4arth load is assumed to be &*'

.
# ft 3

7 minimum eEuivalent fluid load of /)

is used to calculate horizontal

design forces unless the geotechnical investigation report directs otherwise. ..0 #eismic 3orces 6ew bridges are designed in accordance with the 77#5T$ #pecifications. Design for #eismic "erformance Category 7. ..1 @ind -oads @ind loads are computed in accordance with 77#5T$ -<3D 7rticle ..1 for a &'' mile per hour wind velocity. ..( -oading Combinations -oad combinations are in accordance with 77#5T$ -<3D ../ Table ../.&A&.

/.

M7T4<27-# /.& Concrete -ocation Barrier Curbs #labs and Diaphragms "restressed Concrete #ubstructure 7bove 3ootings 3ootings Drilled #hafts /.* <einforcing #teel /.*.& /.*.* /.*.. /.*./ /.*.) /.*.+ /.*.0 /.. <einforcing steel is 7#TM 7+&) >,rade +'?. 7ll reinforcing steel bends conform to C<#2 #tandards or as noted otherwise. 7ll reinforcing steel in the deck slab barrier curbs and integral abutments is epoBy coated. <einforcing steel in substructure members which are adjacent to traffic has a minimum concrete cover of ..'D. The maBimum length for reinforcing bars is /'CA'D for F/ bars and +'C for F) bars and larger. Cut reinforcing bars to C<#2 tolerances. 6o allowance is made in bar length eBcept for corrections associated with standard hooks and special bends. 7ll bent bar dimensions are outAtoAout. ,rade /.' >74?>#7? /.' >74?>#7? #pecial /.' >74? /.' /.' f Lc >ksi? /.' /.' /.) >min.? /.' /.' /.'

"restressing #teel /...& "restressing steel is ID nominal diameter ,rade *0' ;9ncoated #evenA @ire -ow <elaBation #trands for "restressed Concrete; 7#TM Designation 7/&+. Minimum ultimate strength of strands is /&.. Kip Strand . 2nitial tensile force applied to each strand is 0) percent of ultimate strength or .&.' Kip Strand .

/...*

/./

#tructural #teel /./.& @eathering steel >unpainted? is used on all new structural steel bridges. The =D$T Bridge "olicy on "ainting of @eathering #teel is to be followed.

/./.*

#tructural steel conforms to the following 7#TM >77#5T$? reEuirements: >&? >*? 70'( ,rade .+ >M*0'? ,rade .+Tn 70'( ,rade )'@ >M*0'? ,rade )'@T n 3yH.+ ksi 3yH.+ ksi 3yH)' ksi 3yH)' ksi

/./.. /././ /./.)

Modulus of 4lasticity H *( B &'+ psi. <olled beam sections conform to 7#TM 7+ reEuirements. <eference =D$T Bridge Design Manual page &+ of 7ppendiB 7 for steel plate size availability. 9se &D increments for girder flange widths. 9se *D increments for girder web depths.

).

#9"4<#T<9CT9<4 D4#2,6 ).& Concrete Deck #labs ).&.& ).&.* The slab is designed using the 77#5T$ -oad M <esistance 3actor Design Method for transverse slab designs. The top ID of the deck on bridges with overlays or the top &D of the deck on bridges without overlays is neglected as part of the effective depth to account for longAterm wear and deterioration under service conditions. Transverse bars are straight with staggered spacing top and bottom. Top longitudinal bars are a minimum of F) bars at &*D centers. 7dditional bars are added over piers for continuous beam or girder designs. The top reinforcing steel cover is .D and the bottom cover is &ID on all new deck slabs. #tayAinAplace prestressed panels may be used on prestressed concrete beam bridges. #tayAinAplace steel forms or prestressed panels are not used on steel beam or girder bridges.

).&.. ).&./ ).&.) ).&.+

).*

#tructural #teel ).*.& #teel <olled Beams or @elded "late ,irders >&? Design is by the 77#5T$ -<3D design method for nonAhybrid girders.

>*?

Composite design is used. a. The effective slab thickness is reduced by ID for bridges with overlays or by &D for bridge decks without overlays to account for longAterm wear. b. 7 value of n H 4s!4c of 1 is used.

>.?

Minimum flange size for the welded plate girders is ND by &'D for spans less than 1'C &D by &*D for spans greater than 1'C but less than &)'C and &D by &)D for spans greater than &)'C. Minimum web thickness for welded plate girders is OD. #teel sections for welded plate girders need not be symmetrical in negative moment regions. -ongitudinal deck slab reinforcing steel shall be considered as part of the composite section in negative moment regions. 5eaded stud anchors are PD diameter. #tud anchors are placed in both positive and negative moment regions. The maBimum spacing should not eBceed *C eBcept over interior supports of continuous spans. The material for steel members meets the Charpy GAnotch test for notch toughness >Qone n? when so designated by the =D$T Bridge Manual. Members reEuiring Charpy GAnotch testing are designated as such on the plans. @elded plate girders are cambered for dead load deflection plus vertical curve correction. Top of pavement elevations at centerline girder and dead load deflections are given in the plans at tenth points of spans. Dead load deflections are also given at field splices along with erection elevations at top of top splice plate.

>/? >)? >+? >0?

>1?

>(? >&'?

).*.*

Diaphragms and Cross 3rames "ier and intermediate diaphragms are solid bent plates for depth of beam or girder up to /CA'D and cross frames for girder depth of /CA'D or greater. #pacing between diaphragms shall not eBceed *)CA'D. 7dditional diaphragms in outside bays may be reEuired for stability during construction of bridges with large slab overhangs or shallow girders.

).*..

3ield #plices >&? >*? >.? >/? >)? 3ield splices are generally located at points of dead load contraAfleBure. 3ield splices are designed using the 77#5T$ -<3D Method. Member weight and length between field splices follow the criteria as outlined on #ection ....*...) of the =D$T Metric Bridge Manual. The minimum number of bolts on each side of a flange splice plate is + placed in * rows of .. 7ll bolts for field splices are 7#TM 7.*) high strength bolts >Type .?. 3or weathering steel design an allowable shear stress of &. ksi >Class a surface oversized holes? is used for slipAcritical connections. $versized holes are allowed in one ply of the secondary connections. 7ll web!flange joints are made with standard sized holes only.

>+?

)..

"restressed Concrete )...& "restressed Concrete #tresses >"retensioned "recast? >&? >*? >.? 9ltimate Compressive #trength f Rc H ) ksi min. >*1 days?. Compressive strength before releasing of prestressing strands f Rci minimum of / ksi. Temporary allowable stresses before losses due to creep and shrinkage: Compression: Tension: >/? fc H '.+'f Rci fc H '.*)>f Rci?&!*

7llowable stresses after losses have occurred: Compression: >a? under all load combinations eBcept as stated in >b? M >c?: fc H '.+'f Rc >b? due to effective prestress plus dead load: fc H './'f Rc >c? due to live loads plus '.)>"#JD-?: fc H './'f Rc Tension: fc H ' psi >eBcept as noted below? &!* fc H '.*)>f Rc? >including long term creep and shrinkage losses caused by the positive moment connection?

>)?

"restress losses are calculated in accordance with 77#5T$ -<3D.

)...*

Deflection and camber tables are shown.

+.

#9B#T<9CT9<4 D4#2,6 +.& Columns +.&.& +.&.* Columns are designed by the 77#5T$ -oad 3actor design method. <ound columns are designed as tied columns and reinforced with spiral ties that are OD diameter or ID diameter smooth bars. Minimum column diameter is *CA+D. "ier cap beams are a minimum of *D wider than columns on each side. Column reinforcing steel is spliced as follows: >&? >*? 6o splices shall be used for column heights less than *'C. 3or column heights greater than *'C splice oneAhalf of the main column bars at the top of footing and oneAhalf of the main column bars at one splice length above the top of footing.

+.&.. +.&./

+.*

3ootings and 7butments +.*.& +.*.* +.*.. 3ootings are designed by the 77#5T$ #ervice -oad design method. The tops of footings are placed a minimum of *CA'D below final ground line. "ile 4mbedment: >&? >*? >*? +.*./ +.*.) "ier 3ooting H &CA'D >minimum? 6onAintegral 7butment 3ooting H &.) B >"ile Diameter? 2ntegral 7butments H *CA'D

Bottom footing reinforcing steel is placed .D clear of the bottom of footing. "ile loads drilled shaft loads and spread footing reactions are calculated using service loads.

0.

M2#C4--764$9# 0.& Drainage 0.&.& Deck drains are provided on all structures where they are reEuired by design. <efer to the =D$T 4nglish Bridge Manual #ection 222.C for guideA lines to be followed. Deck drains are designed to prevent encroachment of water in the traffic lane. Design storm freEuency and spread limits are as described in the Drainage Design Criteria for this project.

0.&.*

&'

0.&.. 0.&./ 0.*

Drains are located such that water will not fall directly onto lower roadways. Drain locations are shown on the Construction -ayout. 7butment #trip Drains will be used as drainage systems behind abutments for new and eBisting bridges.

Bearings 0.*.& 4lastomeric Bearing Devices: >&? >*? >.? 0.*.* These devices are limited to thermal movement not to eBceed .D. 7ny bearing adjustment reEuired due to profile grade and cross slope is made with beveled sole plates. Tapered pads are not used. The elastomer is neoprene with a durometer of +'.

T34 ! 4lastomeric Bearing Devices: >&? >*? >.? These devices are used at nonAintegral abutments or piers when the thermal movement eBceeds .D. 7ny bearing adjustment reEuired due to profile grade and cross slope is made with beveled sole plates. Tapered pads are not used. The elastomer is neoprene with a durometer of 0'.

0.*..

<ocker and "edestal Bearings: @hen thermal movement and!or vertical load dictates steel rocker and pedestal type bearing devices are used. <efer to the =D$T Bridge Manual #ection ..*.&* for guidelines to be followed.

0..

9tilities 7llowances are made to provide for utilities as reEuired at each bridge location.

0./

-ighting 7llowances are made to provide for lighting as reEuired at each specific bridge location. 4lectrical conduit not being used on eBisting bridges can be removed.

0.)

#igning 7llowances are made to provide for signing as reEuired at each bridge location.

0.+

4Bpansion %oints Deck eBpansion joints having total movement of /D or less are strip seal joints. >70'( ,rade )'@ steel is not allowed.?

&&

1.

C$6T<7CT "78 2T4M# The following is a list of common pay items and units: 2tem 6ame Class 2 4Bcavation Class 22 4Bcavation Class 222 4Bcavation Concrete >,rade /.'?>74? Concrete >,rade /.'?>74?>#7? <einforcing #teel >,rade +'? <einforcing #teel >,rade +'?>4poBy Coated? "restressed Concrete Beam >=ASS? #tructural #teel >70'(? ,rade .+ #tructural #teel >M*0'? ,rade .+Tn #tructural #teel >70'(? ,rade )'@ #tructural #teel >M*0'? ,rade )'@T n 5eaded #tud 7nchor Bearing Device 4lastomeric Bearing Device T34 ! 4lastomeric Bearing Device #teel "ile #teel #heet "iling "redrilled "ile 5ole Drilled #haft > S Dia.? "ermanent Casing Core 5ole >2nvestigative? #ilica 3ume $verlay >&.)D? #trip #eal 7ssembly >Type SS? 7butment #trip Drain Bridge Backwall "rotection #ystem "rotective Coating for Concrete #ubstructure @aterproofing Membrane #lope "rotection >7ggregate? #lope "rotection ><iprap #tone? Bridge Drainage #ystem <emoval of 4Bisting #tructure Machine "reparation >SS mm? 7rea "repared for "atching >3ull Depth? 7rea "repared for "atching <einforcing #teel >,rade +'? <epair >#et? Drill and ,rout 5ydrodemolition "ainting of #tructural #teel 7butment <epair <eset 4Bisting Bearing Devices 9nit Cu. 8ds. Cu. 8ds. Cu. 8ds. Cu. 8ds. Cu. 8ds -bs. -bs. -n. 3t. -bs. -bs. -bs. -bs. 4ach -bs. 4ach 4ach -n. 3t. -n. 3t. -n. 3t. -n. 3t. -n. 3t. -n. 3t. #E. 8ds. -n. 3t. #E. 8ds. #E. 8ds. #E. 8ds. #E. 8ds. Cu. 8ds. Cu. 8ds. -bs. -ump #um #E. 8ds. #E. 8ds. #E. 8ds. -bs. 4ach #E. 8ds. -ump #um 4ach 4ach

&*