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Example Slot Patch
The Slot Coupled Patch Antenna
This example is intended to show you how to create, simulate, and analyze a probe feed patch antenna using the Ansoft HFSS Design Environment.

Patch (Signal) Sub1 (Dielectric) Slot (Plane) Sub2 (Dielectric) Feed (Signal)
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Getting Started
Launching Ansoft HFSS
1.

To access Ansoft HFSS, click the Microsoft Start button, select Programs, and select the Ansoft > HFSS 11 program group. Click HFSS 11

Setting Tool Options

To set the tool options: Note: In order to follow the steps outlined in this example, verify that the following tool options are set : 1. Select the menu item Tools > Options > HFSS Options 2. HFSS Options Window: 1. Click the General tab Use Wizards for data input when creating new boundaries: Checked Duplicate boundaries with geometry: Checked 2. Click the OK button 3. Select the menu item Tools > Options > Modeler Options. 4. 3D Modeler Options Window: 1. Click the Operation tab Automatically cover closed polylines: Checked 2. Click the Drawing tab Edit property of new primitives: Checked 3. Click the OK button

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Opening a New Project
To open a new project: 1. In an Ansoft HFSS window, click the On the Standard toolbar, or select the menu item File > New. 2. From the Project menu, select Insert HFSS Design.

Set Solution Type

To set the solution type: 1. Select the menu item HFSS > Solution Type 2. Solution Type Window: 1. Choose Driven Terminal 2. Click the OK button

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Creating the 3D Model
Set Model Units
To set the units: 1. Select the menu item Modeler > Units 2. Set Model Units: 1. Select Units: cm 2. Click the OK button

Set Default Material

To set the default material: 1. Using the 3D Modeler Materials toolbar, choose Select 2. Select Definition Window: 1. Type Rogers in the Search by Name field and select the row for Rogers RT/duroid 5880 (tm) 2. Click the OK button

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Create Substrate
To create the substrate: 1. Select the menu item Draw > Box 2. Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the box position X: -7.0, Y: -4.5, Z: 0.0, Press the Enter key 2. Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the opposite corner of the box dX: 12.0, dY: 9.0, dZ: 0.32, Press the Enter key To set the name: 1. Select the Attribute tab from the Properties window. 2. For the Value of Name type: Sub1 3. Change the Color to Light Gray 4. Change the Trasparency to 0.6 5. Click the OK button To fit the view: 1. Select the menu item View > Fit All > Active View. Or press the CTRL+D key

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Create the Feed
To create the feed: 1. Select the menu item Draw > Rectangle 2. Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the rectangle position X: -5.0, Y: -0.2475, Z: 0.0, Press the Enter key 3. Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the opposite corner of the rectangle: dX: 7.0, dY: 0.495, dZ: 0.0, Press the Enter key To set the name: 1. Select the Attribute tab from the Properties window. 2. For the Value of Name type: Feed 3. Change the Color to Bright Blue 4. Click the OK button To fit the view: 1. Select the menu item View > Fit All > Active View.

Assign a Perfect E boundary to the Feed

To select the feed: 1. Select the menu item Edit > Select > By Name 2. Select Object Dialog, 1. Select the objects named: Feed 2. Click the OK button To assign the Perfect E boundary 1. Select the menu item HFSS > Boundaries > Assign > Perfect E 2. Perfect E Boundary window 1. Name: PerfE_Feed 2. Infinite Ground Plane: Unchecked 3. Click the OK button

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Create Ground
To create the ground: 1. Select the menu item Draw > Rectangle 2. Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the rectangle position X: -7.0, Y: -4.5, Z: 0.16, Press the Enter key 3. Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the opposite corner of the rectangle: dX: 12.0, dY: 9.0, dZ: 0.0, Press the Enter key To set the name: 1. Select the Attribute tab from the Properties window. 2. For the Value of Name type: Ground 3. Change the Color to Red 4. Change the Transparency to 0.8 5. Click the OK button To fit the view: 1. Select the menu item View > Fit All > Active View.

Assign a Perfect E boundary to the Ground

To select the ground: 1. Select the menu item Edit > Select > By Name 2. Select Object Dialog, 1. Select the objects named: Ground 2. Click the OK button To assign the Perfect E boundary 1. Select the menu item HFSS > Boundaries > Assign > Perfect E 2. Perfect E Boundary window 1. Name: PerfE_Ground 2. Infinite Ground Plane: Unchecked 3. Click the OK button

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Create Slot Cut Out
To create the cut out: 1. Select the menu item Draw > Rectangle 2. Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the rectangle position X: -0.0775, Y: -0.7, Z: 0.16, Press the Enter key 3. Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the opposite corner of the rectangle: dX: 0.155, dY: 1.4, dZ: 0.0, Press the Enter key To set the name: 1. Select the Attribute tab from the Properties window. 2. For the Value of Name type: Slot 3. Click the OK button To fit the view: 1. Select the menu item View > Fit All > Active View

Complete the Ground

To select the objects ground & slot 1. Select the menu item Edit > Select > By Name 2. Select Object Dialog, 1. Select the objects named: Ground, Slot 2. Click the OK button To perform the boolean subtraction: 1. Select the menu item Modeler > Boolean > Subtract 2. Subtract Window Blank Parts: Ground Tool Parts: Slot Clone tool objects before subtract: Unchecked Click the OK button

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Create Patch
To create the patch: 1. Select the menu item Draw > Rectangle 2. Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the rectangle position X: -2.0, Y: -1.5, Z: 0.32, Press the Enter key 3. Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the opposite corner of the rectangle: dX: 4.0, dY: 3.0, dZ: 0.0, Press the Enter key To set the name: 1. Select the Attribute tab from the Properties window. 2. For the Value of Name type: Patch 3. Change the Color to Orange 4. Change the Transparency to 0.4 5. Click the OK button To fit the view: 1. Select the menu item View > Fit All > Active View.

Assign a Perfect E boundary to the Trace

To select the patch: 1. Select the menu item Edit > Select > By Name 2. Select Object Dialog, 1. Select the objects named: Patch 2. Click the OK button To assign the Perfect E boundary 1. Select the menu item HFSS > Boundaries > Assign > Perfect E 2. Perfect E Boundary window 1. Name: PerfE_Patch 2. Click the OK button

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Set Default Material
To set the default material: 1. Using the 3D Modeler Materials toolbar, choose vacuum

Create Air
To create the air: 1. Select the menu item Draw > Box 2. Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the box position X: -7.0, Y: -4.5, Z: -2.0, Press the Enter key 2. Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the opposite corner of the box dX: 12.0, dY: 9.0, dZ: 4.32, Press the Enter key To set the name: 1. Select the Attribute tab from the Properties window. 2. For the Value of Name type: Air 3. Change the Color to Black 4. Change Display Wireframe to Checked 5. Click the OK button To fit the view: 1. Select the menu item View > Fit All > Active View

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Create Radiation Boundary
Picking the faces: 1. Select the menu item Edit > Select > Faces 2. Graphically select all of the faces of the Air object except the face at Z=0.0cm To create a radiation boundary 1. Select the menu item HFSS > Boundaries > Assign > Radiation 2. Radiation Boundary window 1. Name: Rad1 2. Click the OK button

Create a Radiation Setup

To define the radiation setup 1. Select the menu item HFSS > Radiation > Insert Far Field Setup > Infinite

Sphere
2.

Far Field Radiation Sphere Setup dialog 1. Select the Infinite Sphere Tab 1. Name: ff_2d 2. Phi: (Start: 0, Stop: 90, Step Size: 90) 3. Theta: (Start: -180, Stop: 180, Step Size: 2) 2. Click the OK button

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Add Length Based Mesh Operation to the Radiation Boundary
Far fields are calculated by integrating the fields on the radiation surface. To obtain accurate far fields for antenna problems, the integration surface should be forced to have a /6 to /8 maximum tetrahedra length. To create a length based seed on the radiation boundary: 1. Select the Air object by left clicking it in the drawing window 2. While the Air object is selected, move the mouse to the project tree and right click on Mesh Operations > Assign > On Selection > Length Based 3. Name: LengthOnRadiation 4. Maximum Length of Elements: 2cm (this is about /6 at 2.3GHz) 5. Click the OK button

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Set Grid Plane
To set the grid plane: 1. Select the menu item Modeler > Grid Plane > YZ

Create Source
To create source: 1. Select the menu item Draw > Rectangle 2. Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the box position X: -5.0, Y: -0.2475, Z: 0.0, Press the Enter key 3. Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the opposite corner of the base rectangle: dX: 0.0, dY: 0.495, dZ: 0.16, Press the Enter key To set the name: 1. Select the Attribute tab from the Properties window. 2. For the Value of Name type: Source 3. Change the Color to Bright Green 4. Click the OK button To fit the view: 1. Select the menu item View > Fit All > Active View.

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Assign Excitation
To select the object Source: 1. Select the menu item Edit > Select > By Name 2. Select Object Dialog, 1. Select the objects named: Source 2. Click the OK button Note: You can also select the object from the Model Tree To assign lumped port excitation 1. Select the menu item HFSS > Excitations > Assign > Lumped Port 2. Place Feed in the Conducting Object list and Ground in the Reference Conductor list 3. Click the OK button

Rename the Lumped Port and Terminal 1. Double click on LumpPort1 under Excitations in the project tree. 2. Rename the port to p1 3. Click the OK button 4. Double click on the terminal named Feed_T1 5. Rename the terminal to T1 6. Click the OK button
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Creating an Analysis Setup
To create an analysis setup: 1. Select the menu item HFSS > Analysis Setup > Add Solution

Setup

2.

Solution Setup Window: 1. Click the General tab: Solution Frequency: 2.25 GHz Maximum Number of Passes: 20 Maximum Delta S: 0.02 2. Click the Options tab: Enable Iterative Solver: Checked 3. Click the OK button

Adding a Frequency Sweep

To add a frequency sweep: 1. Select the menu item HFSS > Analysis Setup > Add Frequency

Sweep
1.

2.

Select Solution Setup: Setup1 2. Click the OK button Edit Sweep Window: 1. Sweep Type: Fast 2. Frequency Setup Type: Linear Count Start: 1.0GHz Stop: 3.5GHz Count: 201 Save Fields: Checked 3. Click the OK button

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Save Project
To save the project: 1. In an Ansoft HFSS window, select the menu item File > Save As. 2. From the Save As window, type the Filename: hfss_slotpatch 3. Click the Save button

Model Validation
To validate the model: 1. Select the menu item HFSS > Validation Check 2. Click the Close button Note: To view any errors or warning messages, use the Message Manager.

Analyze
To start the solution process: 1. Select the menu item HFSS > Analyze All

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Solution Data
To view the Solution Data: 1. Select the menu item HFSS > Results > Solution Data To view the Profile: 1. Click the Profile Tab. To view the Convergence: 1. Click the Convergence Tab Note: The default view is for convergence is Table. Select the Plot radio button to view a graphical representations of the convergence data. To view the Matrix Data: 1. Click the Matrix Data Tab Note: To view a real-time update of the Matrix Data, set the Simulation to Setup1, Last Adaptive To view the Mesh Statistics: 1. Click the Mesh Statistics Tab. 2. Click the Close button

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Create Reports
Create Terminal S-Parameter Plot - Magnitude
To create a report: 1. Select the menu item HFSS > Results > Create Terminal Solution

Data Report > Rectangular Plot

2.

3.

Traces Window: 1. Solution: Setup1: Sweep1 2. Domain: Sweep 3. Category: Terminal S Parameter 4. Quantity: St(T1,T1), 5. Function: dB 6. Click the New Report button 7. Click the Close button Add a minimum marker to the trace 1. Select the trace by left clicking on it 2. Go to Report2D > Marker > Add Minimum

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Far Field Overlays
Create Far Field Overlay
To create a 2D polar far field plot : 1. Select the menu item HFSS > Results > Create Far Fields Report >

Radiation Pattern
2.

Traces Window: 1. Solution: Setup1: Sweep1 2. Geometry: ff_2d 3. In the Families tab, change the frequency to 2.2875GHz 4. In the Trace tab 1. Category: Gain 2. Quantity: GainPhi, GainTheta 3. Function: dB 5. Click the New Report button 6. Click the Close button

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