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    Chart of GI Secretions

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    Jordan Fernandez
    This document summarizes the key secretions, locations, stimuli, and actions of the gastrointestinal system. It discusses: 1) The salivary glands, stomach, intestines, gallbladder, liver, and exocrine pancreas secrete various substances like saliva, gastric juices, hormones, bile, and pancreatic enzymes. 2) These secretions are stimulated by foods, hormones, and neural signals to aid in digestion and motility. 3) The secretions have actions like beginning digestion, protecting tissues, stimulating further secretions, and breaking down nutrients into absorbable forms.

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    Chart of GI Secretions

    Uploaded by

    Jordan Fernandez
    2K views2 pages
    This document summarizes the key secretions, locations, stimuli, and actions of the gastrointestinal system. It discusses: 1) The salivary glands, stomach, intestines, gallbladder, liver, and exocrine pancreas secrete various substances like saliva, gastric juices, hormones, bile, and pancreatic enzymes. 2) These secretions are stimulated by foods, hormones, and neural signals to aid in digestion and motility. 3) The secretions have actions like beginning digestion, protecting tissues, stimulating further secretions, and breaking down nutrients into absorbable forms.

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    Gi secretions

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    This document summarizes the key secretions, locations, stimuli, and actions of the gastrointestinal system. It discusses: 1) The salivary glands, stomach, intestines, gallbladder, liver, and exocrine pancreas secrete various substances like saliva, gastric juices, hormones, bile, and pancreatic enzymes. 2) These secretions are stimulated by foods, hormones, and neural signals to aid in digestion and motility. 3) The secretions have actions like beginning digestion, protecting tissues, stimulating further secretions, and breaking down nutrients into absorbable forms.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    2K views2 pages

    Chart of GI Secretions

    Uploaded by

    Jordan Fernandez
    This document summarizes the key secretions, locations, stimuli, and actions of the gastrointestinal system. It discusses: 1) The salivary glands, stomach, intestines, gallbladder, liver, and exocrine pancreas secrete various substances like saliva, gastric juices, hormones, bile, and pancreatic enzymes. 2) These secretions are stimulated by foods, hormones, and neural signals to aid in digestion and motility. 3) The secretions have actions like beginning digestion, protecting tissues, stimulating further secretions, and breaking down nutrients into absorbable forms.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    GI Secretions Location

    Salivary glands Stomach

    Secretion
    Saliva

    Secreted by
    Parotid (serous), sublingual (mucous) and submanidibular glands (mixed) D cells

    Action
    -begin to digest CHO via amylase -protect mouth and esophagus -inhibits release of all GI hormones -inhibits H+ secretion -Increase gastric H+ secretion directly and by potentiating effects of gastrin and vagal stimulation -stimulates gastrin release from G cells

    Stimulus for secretion


    -parasympathetic and sympathetic stimulation -HCl in lumen -inhibited by vagal stimulation and by gastrin -gastrin

    Somatostatin (paracrine) Histamine (paracrine)

    Mast (ECL) cells of gastric mucosa

    GRP (neurocrine) HCl

    Vagus nerves that innervate G cells Parietal cells (fundus)

    -gastrin -vagal stimulation -histamine -inhibited by low stomach pH, chyme in duodenum (via secretin/GIP), atropine, omeprazole -active pepsin digests proteins -lipolysis (breakdown of triglycerides for absorption in intestines) -vagal stimulation

    Intrinsic Factor Pepsinogen Gastric lipase Mucous Gastrin (hormone)

    Parietal cells Chief cells Chief cells Surface mucous cells and mucous neck cells G cells (antrum and duod)

    -vagal stimulation -stim HCl secretion -Stimulates growth of gastric mucosa -Stimulates gastric motility -release of somatostatin -increases myoelectric activity of stomach and duod; acts on smooth muscle of gastric antrum and duod freq of spike potential on slow waveshelps coordinate interdigestive motility patterns (MMC) and increases rate of gastric emptying -stimulates GB contraction and relaxation of sphincter of Oddi -stimulates pancreatic enzymes (binds to receptor on acinar cells) -also potentiates effect of secretin on pancreatic bicarb secretion -stim growth of pancrease/GB -inhibits gastric emptying -increase pancreatic bicarb -increase biliary bicarb -decrease HCl -small peptides and amino acids -distention of stomach -vagus (via GRP) -inhibited by low pH in stomach and somatostatin -acid in duod but not a meal -vagal stim

    Intestines

    Motilin (hormone)

    M cells (antrum and duod)

    CCK (hormone)

    I cells of duod/jej

    -small peptides and amino acids -fatty acids

    Secretin (hormone)

    S cells of duodenum

    -HCl in duodenum -fatty acids in duodenum -inhibited by alkaline pH in duod

    GIP (gastric inhibitory peptide) (hormone)

    Duod/jej

    GLP (glucagons-like peptide)

    Duod/jej

    Enterokinase VIP (neurocrine) Enkelphins (neurocrine)

    Duodenum Neurons in mucosa and smooth muscle of GI tract Neurons in mucosa and smooth muscle of GI tract

    -increase insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and ability of insulin to act at peripheral tissues (enhance glucose uptake and metabolism) -decrease gastric HCl secretion -inhibits gastrin-induced stomach motility -increase insulin secretion and ability of insulin to act at peripheral tissues (enhance glucose uptake and metabolism) -decrease gastric HCl secretion -inhibits gastrin-induced stomach motility -activates trypsinogen to trypsin -relaxation of GI smooth muscle, including LES -stim pancreatic bicarb -inhibits gastric H+ -stim contraction of GI smooth muscle, especially sphincters -inhibit intestinal secretion of fluid and electrolytes -lipid emulsificationmicelle formation

    -fatty acids, amino acids, oral glucose

    --fatty acids, amino acids, oral glucose

    Gall Bladder/Liv er Exocrine pancrease

    Bile Isotonic Bicarb and digestive enzymes (protease, lipase/colipase, amylase) Monitor peptide Ducts and Acini

    -neutralize duodenal pH -digestion of proteins, CHO and lipids

    -CCK -parasympathetic stim -inhibited by ileal resection -secretin (for bicarb) - cck (for enzymes) - vagal stimulation (for enzymes) -trypsin activates other proenzymes

    In pancreatic juice from exocrine pancreas into gut lumen

    -stim CCK release

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