Modern Physics Part 2
Modern Physics Part 2
Modern Physics Part 2
(D) 1 (c) lo?'o t1"-:'.,1':: rn" t=qu" no tne intensitv of a beam of lisht f"l!!9 "-i :l?:?i""?'?:fl1,1"t"titt oe *". i*"iiil ;#"i";.y pLrnrXorcerroi eration
/l
- -t) |
9lo
b{
are increased
il: ffi;
',1'X#:ffi;ifti
"r
:T:ltiill#:#:;
'( -T
I
produced' ffect on the magnitude of photoelectric current photoelectric emitted electrons but will increase the (D) not produce any effect on the kinetic current bY a factor of two.
ncreasethemaximumkineticenergyofthephotoe|ectronsbyafactorofgreaterthantwoandwi||have
;.*gt;iih"
nr!,"-d,yil1.1vli,?9:ll"^'5^","-[Ti:**::lTJ'otoerectric urDv,rrarYvjs::'^',:-,^';^i;;r;Y; rro-I1l a disctrarserub: comins from Lisht comlng Lrgnt nno nf tha followino values
cerl
e A point source of ligth is used in a photoelectric metal, the stoPPing Potential : (A) will 1t^lYlli*-:::?:: (D) willeither increase or decrease'
increase
remain
constant
14.
A point source causes photoelectric effect from a small metal plate. Which of the following curves may
represent the saturation photocurrent as a function of the distance between the source and the metal ?
Erin
(c)
Flage
corresponding to l"r.
Let K., be the maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons lf 1.., = 2fr, then :
(B) K.' =
Irt
I
ie,
Hng
(A)2K.' = K,
2Q
K,.
K"
In a photoelectric experiment, the potential ditference V that must be maintained between the illuminated surface and the collector so as justto prevent any eleciron from reaching the collector is determined for different frequencies f of the incident illumination. The graptl obtained is shown.
(A)hfl
(fl _ fo)
(D) eV.,(f.,-fo)
Radiation of two photon energies twice and five times the work function oi metal are incident sucessively on the metal surface. The ratio of the maximum veloci$ of photoelectrons emitted is the two cases will be
(B)2 : 1
(C) 1
:a
(D)a:1
;lffiar
Cut off potentials for a metal in photoelectric etfect for light of wavelength 1",, 1", and 1., is found to be V.,, V, and V. volts if V., V, and V. are in Arithmetic Progression and 1,,', 1., and 1". will be: (B) Geometric Progression (A) Arithmetic Progression (D) None mon ic Prog ression Photons with energy 5 eV are incident on a cathode C , on a photoelectric cell. The maximum energy of the eV. When photons of energy 6 eV are incident on C, no photoelec emitted ping potential of A relative to C is reagh
p the
sQ{gv photoelectric
-3v
(c)-1v
(D)4v
experiment, the collector plate is at 2.0V with respect to the emitter plate made of copper In a a = 4.sev). The emitter is illuminated by a source of monochromatic light of wavelength 200nm. (Afthe minimum kinetic energy of the photoelectr !,6)the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelect if the polarity of the battery is reversed then an if the polarity of the battery is reversed then an
By increasing the intensity of incident light keeping frequency 1v > v6) Trxeo on rne surTace oT meral
-'
(A) kinetic energy of the photoelectrons increases umber of emitted elections increases inetic energy and numberof electrons increases (D) no effect
In a photoelectric experiment, electrons are ejected from metals X and Y by light of intensity I and frequency
f. The potential difference V required to stop the electrons is measured for various frequencies. lf Y has a greaterwork function than X ; which one of the following graphs best illustrates the expected results?
[23]
oTlnese
toheavyparticleis
(B)
4eoh
t
3q' -rr
K3t*1
_ -.^.
(c)
,%t * J' J2
3h
(D)
,^,
3q
+on
The angular momentum of an electron in the hydrogen atom is energy of this electron is: (A'l 4 53
Inotn In dn
a' (B)l,.at
(B) (B) 1,. )'-
fn.tlere
eV (A)a.ffiev
1.51
eV
respectively
-T.]m^.
r'\-'
"
='
(B)CandAresPectivelY
)CandDlesPectivelY
(D)Aand C
n=2 n=
1
respectivelY
2Enlnh
lf the electron in a required to ionise the (A) 6.54 x
(B)2Enn/h
n
varies with its hydrogen like atoms, the ratio of difference of energies Eon-Ern and Ern-En hydrogen and hYdrogen ln hYdrogen atomic number z and n as: (C)zln (B) r'tna (A) z2 ln2
state by atom, the electron is in nth excited state. lt may come down to second excited In a hydrogen -g an atiffaranr rerarralannfhq What is the value of n: n: tf n -\ 1 f differentwavelengths. ten Cn-t)
(B)
(c)
(A)
(B) 2
(c) 3
I
jump between energy states n1 and An electron in hydrogen atom after absorbing energy photons._can in emission spectrum' n"(no > n,). Then it may return to ground state afteremitting six differentwavelengths photons. Then nl and jr"rlv absorbed the or"rittJ dnotons is e-itherequalto, less than orgreaterthan ii?
(A)nr=4,n1=3 (B)[2=5'ot=3
centripetal acceleration of the electron is
z=4
48.
Thee|ectroninahydrogenatommakestransitionfromMsh
(A)9:4
(B)sl:16
(C)a:9
The radius of Bohr's first orbit is ao. The electron in nlOrUit has a radius:
(A)
nao
(B) aotn
lPfn'?ao
m is 13.6 volt. The energy required (C) 13.6 by an identically charged particle
(D)aJn2
to
(D
eV
muo
times thatof
Hydrogen atoms absorb the light and subsequently emit radiations of ten different wavelengths. The value of
l" is
103 nm (C) 73 nm (D) 88 nm
40.
Whenahydrogenatom,initiallyatrestemits,aphotonresultingintransitionn=5-+n=l,itsrecoilspeed
is about
(A) 10a
m/s
(B) 2 x
1f2
m/s
.2
m/s
An electron collides with a fixed hydrogen atom in its ground state. Hydrogen atom gets excited and the colliding electron lose all its kinetic energy. Consequenty tre hydrogen atom may emit a photon conesponding to the largest wavelength of the Balmer series. The min. K.E.of colliding electron will be 42. :. l\,=3
\ 'a{t
(B) wbo
,=
(D).)
"bo
L-
flof lbe
Consider the spectral line resulting from the transition n = 2 -+ n = 1 in the atoms and ions given below. The shortestwavelength is produced (B deuterium atom (A) hydrogen oubly ionized lithium (C) singly ionized
atom helium
by:
v I
fr its
(A)1:4
(B)4:1 i
-
(D)8:
tate, then the numberof different spectrum lines
The electron in hydrogen atom in a sample obtained in its emission spectrum witlbe: 1) 1 + 2 + 3 + ..........+(n + + + 1 2 3 ....................+ ( n ) 1 + 2 + 3 + ..........+(n + 1)
(D)1x2x3x
x(n-l)
The total energy of a hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6eV. lf the potential energy in the first excited state will be : state is taken as zero then the total energy (D) 6.8eV (B) 3.4
,
and
(A)-3-4eV
eV
in
8eV
Fum. r and
initialk
The electron in a hydrogen atom make a transition from an excited state to the ground state. Which of the following statement is true? Its kinetic energy increases and its potentialand totalenergies decrease Its kinetic energy decreases, potential energy increases and its total energy remains the same. (C) lts kinetic and toalenergies decrease and its potentialefergy increases. (D) its kinetic potential and total energies decreases. Academy (I) Pvt. Ltd.'A-14(A)"
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of electron in hydrogen atom The magnitude of angular momentum, orbit radius and frequency of revolution to Boh/s theory of hydrogen according Then corresponding to quantum number n are L, r and f respectively. atom, frl is constant folallslqjlx (A) fr2l is constant for all orbits frl2 is constant for all orbits (C) PrL is constant for all orbits
o
o 6
The "Ko" X-rays emission line of tungsten occ levels in this atom is about
8 MeV and that for C13 is 7'5 MeV' The energy required to
(C) 9.5
MeV 2E,,+E,
ndE,respective|y.TwoatomsofXfusetogiveoneatomofY
(C) Q= (D) Q= 2E2+E1
hln
abm has an energy of -3.4 eV. The angular momentum of the electon is (B)h t2n
nh | 2rc ( n is an integer)
(D)2hlt
'
must occurs per second to produce lf each fission in a U235 nucleus releases 200 MeV how many fissions a power of 1 l(A/ (D) 2.135 x (C) 1.235 x 1013 .125 x 1013 (A) 1.325 x 1013 rest mass of a proton is Th. rest mass of the deuteron , f H , .is equivalent to an energy of 1976 MeV the g40 MeV. A deuteron may disintegrate to a proton and a equivalent to g3g MeV and that of a neutron to
69.
1013
neutron if
it
is48MeVandQ-va|ueofthereactionis50MeV.Thema.ss
at daughter nucleus is in ground state) (D) none of these (C)
104
final nucleus is rrPb206'.When the ln the uranium radioactive series the initialnucleus is rrU238, and the is.. and the number of p-particles uranium nucleus decays to lead, the number of o - pi'rtictes emitted emitted'.. (D) 32'12 (c)16' (A) 6, 1/(d) a, hr respectively, initially contain the same number The radioactive sources A and B of half lives of 2hr and 4ti^i^taara+i^^ 6ra ^a ratio ': the refin in tha are in of radioactive atoms. At the end of 2 hours, their rates of disintegration
8
1
(A)
a:
(B) 2:1
(D)1:1
\
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ratom
In a RA element the fraction of initiated amount remaining after its mean life time is
Iogen
(A)
1- e
(B)
40o/ool a radioactive sample is left undecayed aftertime t has elapsed. What percentage of the initialsample willdecay in a totaltime 2t :
(D)
1-
(A)20To
t -Wtr*
(QaOTo
(D)38%
-I
tand L
Activity of a radioactive substance is R, at time t, and R, at time t2(t2
is:
tb
the
(A)
t2
(B) .-i.(q+tr;
,.,"[T)
(c) e
(D) e-'
ied
to
,,'Therc are two radionuclei A and B. A is an alpha emitter and B is a beta emitter. Their distintegration
constants are in the ratio of 1 : 2. What should be the ratio of number of atoms of two at time t = 0 so that probabilities of getting a and B particles are same at time t = 0.
(B)1:2
tsnofY
,r'fhe
(A)
^f
Ao
(c)
IlS
poduce
68.
69. , \ z
Half life of radium is 1620 years. How many radium nuclei decay in 5 hours in 5 gm radium? ( Atomic weight of radium =223) (D) 3.3 x 1017 (C) 1.72 x 1020 (B)3.23 x 1015 (A)9.1 x 1012 Half life for certain radioactive element is 5 min. Four nuclei of that element are observed at a certain instant of time.Afterfive minutes
'F
tF
Ao
(D\
An
Toton is
Assertion (A) : lt can be definitely said that two nucleiwill be left undecayed. Reasoning (R) : After half life i.e. 5 minutes, half of total nucleiwilldisintegrate. So onlytwo nucleiwill be left
undecayed. Then (A) A is correct & R is conect explanation of A. (B) Both are correct. But R is not conect explanation of A. s incorrect & R is correct. th are incorrect.
land
.
- t]..
I
A certain radioactive nuclide of mass number m, disintegrates, with the emission of an electron and y radiation only, to give second nuclied of mass r umber m' Which one of the following equation correctly relates m, and mr? (G)mv=mx-1 ffiY=ffi* (B)mv=mx-2 (A)mv=tr*1
The number of a and p- emitted during the radioactive decay chain starting from 33unu and ending at
len
the
)prticles
72.
lnumber
\96cr
a +g-
(D)
6cr &
6p-
Ar!
At -Az (B) t, _ tl
= constant
= Al e(tr-t2)/T
(D)4=A'e(t,/rt2)
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tion
,fz
(B) f 1<
of a radioactive sample decays in one mean life, and a fraction f, decays in one half-life'
(c)[=f,
f2
(D) trjtaybe (A), (B) or (C) depending on the values of the mean life and half life
A radioactive substance is being produced at a constant rate of 10 nuclei/s. The decay constant of the substance is 1/2 sec-1. Afterwhattime the number of radioactive nucleiwill become 10? Initiallythere are no nuclei present. Assume decay law holds forthe sample. C , N"
(B) los (2)
sec l!B(1s86sec
T
(o)
sec
(A) (RlTl
- R2T2)
vity of a sample is R, at time T,, and R, at have disintegrated in time (T2 -Tl) is prol
1
^i;
(D)(Rr- )(Tr
R2)
(c)(Rr -R2)/T
ay constant of the end product of a radioactive series is (C) finite (non zero) (B)
Nr- \-
,-Ril'T
of
i
infinite
77.
of decay constant
the mixture is
(B) +
"-nr') lmagine a Young's double slit interferen produced from an electron gun. Thedi
(D)the distance between the slits is decreased.
wit ive
if
al
79.
lf radiation of allwavelengths from ultraviolet to infra absorption lines will be observed in the :
(A) Lyman
series
(B) Balmer
series,
(B)
\i,
(E
mitte/s properties
An electron in hydrogen atom first jumps from second excited state to first excited state and then, from first excited state to ground state. Let the ratio of wavelength, momeqtup anct energy of photons in the tivo cases be x, y and z, then select the wrong answer/(s)
:
"d"1
t= \^ h'\ =- ltd
''
lf the kinel
then
f Earn ";
atom. =
q.\ " f
A beam of ultraviolet light of all wavelengths passes through hydrogen gas at room temperature, in the x-direction. Assume that all photons emitted due to electron transition inside the gas emerge in the y4irection.
Let A and B denote the lights emerging from the gas in the x and y directions respectively. ome of the incident wavelengths will be absent in A.
t of the )are no
e level of potential energy is assumed to be zero at the ground state ase in the value of n se in the value of n.
mains the same.
.6 eV.
*ir
troduct.
y
rate of The speed of electron in the first Bohr orbit of de The wavelength of flrst Balmer line of deuterium (D) The angular momentum of electron in the first Bohr orbit of deuterium is more than that of hydroEen.
An be the area enclosed by the nu orbit in a hyd
'lFn
, I $;-
*ctrons
will be a stright line will sloPe 4 (C) will be a monotonically increasing nonlinear curv
(D) will be a circle.
A neutron
a stationary hydrogen
rerature,
are correct (Assume that the hydrogen atom and neutron has same mass) : lf kinetic energy of the neutron is less lhan20.4 eV collision must be elastic.
lf kinetic energy of the neutron is less than 20.4 eV coliision may be inelastic. Inelastic collision may be take place only when initial kinetic energy of neutron is greater than 20.4 eV. Perfectly inelastic collision can not take place.
n a nucleus with atomic number Z and mass numberA undergoes a radioactive decay process:
dstance
oth Z and A will decrease, if the process is cr decay will decrease but A will not change, if the process is pt decay (C) Z will decrease but A will not change, if the process is p- decay Z and Awill remain unchanged, if the process is 1 decay.
benergy
(A) electrons accelerate through a potentialdifference of 12.75 kV in the Ooolidge tube lectrons accelerate through a potential difference of 18.75 kV in the Coolidge tube (C) de-Broglie wavelength of the electrons reaching the anticathode is of the order of (D) de-Broglie wavelength of the electrons reaching the anticathode is
1
rn
b. Then:
Opm
0.01A.
t^--tL
oten1al difference applied to an X-ray tube is increased. As a result, in the emitted radiation:
.-41,
q.\ "
...^..^
i-^-^^^^^
g'
[2el
itia||ybindingenergypernucleonincreasesand|aterdecreases neufon-proton ratio increases' e binding energy per nucleon increases when the
ot
a lf;Canucleus. Then
s/t '|
(B) M2 > 2Ml
(A) M, =
2M.
IBIM, '
2s.'
:
,,<10(mn*mp)_
is 0.1 73 (years)-1 ' Therefore The decay constant of a radio active substance
1/0.173) Year'
nearlY 8 Years' (D) allthe above statements are true'
In the following,
value of energy from column ll for each of associated with some of them. Choose the appropriate letterA' B' C etc' against the number (i)' physical quantities in column I and write the conesponding the sequence of column ! should (iii), etc. of the physicalquantity in the answer book. ln youranswer,
maintained.
column
energy val
X-raYs E
nucleon
(iv) Photoelectricthreshold of
metal C
(F) 8 MeV
ANSIilER I{EY
EXER.CISE.II
1. 4.
, the mass
885
2.
3.
when the potential is steady, photo electric emission just stop when hu = (3 + 1)eV = 4.0 eV 5.76 x 10-11A
5.
6.
15/8V
7'
15.
G' 8or,
1020
8'
12.
2 eV 6.53 x 22.8 nm
10aJ-s
9.
487.06 nm
13.
1.257 x 10-23Am2
16.
17.
680 eV 54.4 eV
h 2n
1.06 x 10-11 m
'!9.
z'3-
h/eEt2
20. 24.
27. n=3,3:1
t=
Ilns)
l*f
=
26.
27. 2.48x19-tz^
28.
(i)
he
4nm
(ii)
ehB
Snrn
EXERCTSE-III
1.
should be
cm
2.
1.99eV.
0.760V
3.
1.1 x
1012
4.
5.
l.11.24 eV
m/s 7.
1015
(i) 2 ;
(ii)23.04x
10-1sJ ;
(iii) 4 -+
1, 4 +3
8. 11.
13.
9.
6.8
eV
5x
Hz
10.
489.6
eV
25.28
A,
(iv) 2.67 x
1frlsJ 15.
12.
6.04 x 10eyrs
MeV
14.
3.3 x 10-6
16.
5196 yrs
17.
v = ul.t
20.
(i)Allowedvaluesof energyof neutron=6.36eVand0.312eV;Allowedvaluesof energyof Heatom =17.84 eV and 16.328 eV fii) 18.23 x 1014 Hz, g.MO x 101s Hz ,11.6 x 101s Hz
21.
22.
(a)
KE
105
si
; (b)
23.
=33.298 uW
t30l
131I
.T r; I tl
t'
EXEREISE-IV
1.
2.
(a)c, (b)A
(a) n =
3.A4.8
z= 42
5.
3,4052.3 nm I
8FA
6.
5 x 107,200$uc,23eV
4Vl\/ 7. 9.
I:10-5 Wm2
Vp
to. 14.
E; (e) C
11.
12.
A
13.
15.
-er'|),6,e5.*,# |
hl
\J/
;r
19. A 18. C 24. C 23. B 27. (A) P, O; (B) P, R; (C) S, P; (D) P, Q, R 31. (A) R, P; (B) Q, S; (C) P; (D) a 38. A 36. C 37. A 42.D43.D4.A45.8 49. 7 47. A '18. 1
A
A,C
A A A
22.
n=24
n = 1.546 x
1018
Hz
51. B
P,
Q, S, T ; (B) -+ a; (C)
S: (D) -+ S
D
QI'ESTIONS BANK
ONLY ONE OPTION IS GOR,REGT
1.C 8.A 15. _22. 29. 36. /|3. -50.c '57.8 64. 71. 78. 1. 5, 8. 12. 16.
A
C C
D
C C
B
2.8 9.4 16. 23. 30. 37. 4.C 51. 58. 65. 72. 79.
1..-
C B D
A
C D D C
3.C4.D5-C l0.B11.C1LD 18. 17. A 24.A25.A?f8 32. 3r. A 38.A39.A$.C 45. B /16. 52.8s3.A5+B 59. B 60. 67. 66. A 74. 73. A
c D C B B C
A
C
B
6.A7.D 13.C11D 20. B 21. 27.C?8.A 34. D 35. 41. C 42. 49. 48. A 55. B 56. 62. C 63. 69. D 70. 76.An.C
I
B
I 'i
I
C
B
A
B D
A, D
A,C
A, C
(i)
A,B
A, B, D
C, D
11. 15.
l(fr
(Raj.)
A, C
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