2012

Metal Building
Systems Manual

METAL BUILDING MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION

1300 Sumner Avenue
Cleveland, Ohio 44115

Copyright 2012
Metal Building Manufacturers Association, Inc.
All rights reserved

Metal Building Systems Manual

TABLE OF CONTENTS
LISTOFFIGURES....................................................................................................................................................xi
LISTOFTABLES....................................................................................................................................................xiii
LISTOFDESIGNEXAMPLES.................................................................................................................................. xiv
CHAPTERIDESIGNPRACTICEANDLOADAPPLICATION..............................................................................1
1.1 BACKGROUND.............................................................................................................................................1
1.2 DESIGNPRACTICE........................................................................................................................................3
1.3 LOADAPPLICATION......................................................................................................................................3
1.3.1 Definitions.......................................................................................................................................4
1.3.2 LiveLoads........................................................................................................................................7
1.3.3 RoofLiveLoads................................................................................................................................8
1.3.4 WindLoads....................................................................................................................................11
1.3.5 SnowLoads..................................................................................................................................134
1.3.6 SeismicLoads...............................................................................................................................174
1.3.7LOADCOMBINATIONS.................................................................................................................................235
CHAPTERIICRANELOADS......................................................................................................................237
2.1 GENERAL...............................................................................................................................................237
2.2 CRANETYPES..........................................................................................................................................237
2.2.1 TopRunningCranes.....................................................................................................................238
2.2.2 UnderhungBridgeCranes...........................................................................................................240
2.2.3 UnderhungMonorailCranes.......................................................................................................240
2.2.4 JibCranes.....................................................................................................................................241
2.2.5 SingleLegGantryCrane..............................................................................................................243
2.2.6 StackerCrane..............................................................................................................................244
2.3 CRANESPECIFICATIONS............................................................................................................................245
2.3.1 BridgeorMonorailCranes..........................................................................................................245
2.3.2 JibCranes.....................................................................................................................................248
2.4 CRANELOADS.........................................................................................................................................248
2.4.1 WheelLoad..................................................................................................................................248
2.4.2 VerticalImpact............................................................................................................................249
2.4.3 LateralForce................................................................................................................................249
2.4.4 LongitudinalForce.......................................................................................................................249
2.4.5 CraneLoadingConditions............................................................................................................250
2.5 BUILDINGFRAMESANDSUPPORTCOLUMNS................................................................................................250
2.5.1 SingleCraneAislewithOneCrane..............................................................................................250
2.5.2 SingleCraneAislewithMultipleCranes......................................................................................251
2.5.3 MultipleCraneAisleswithSingleCranes.....................................................................................251
2.5.4 MultipleCraneAisleswithMultipleCranes.................................................................................251
2.5.5 DeflectionandDrift.....................................................................................................................253
2.5.6 BuildingLayouts..........................................................................................................................253
2.5.7 BracketsandCraneColumns.......................................................................................................257
2.6 RUNWAYBEAMSANDSUSPENSIONSYSTEMS................................................................................................258
2.6.1 SingleCrane.................................................................................................................................259
2.6.2 MultipleCranes...........................................................................................................................259
2.6.3 TopRunningBridgeCranes.........................................................................................................260
2.6.4 UnderhungCranesandMonorails..............................................................................................261
2.7 LONGITUDINALCRANEAISLEBRACING........................................................................................................263
2.7.1 SingleCrane.................................................................................................................................263
2.7.2 MultipleCranes...........................................................................................................................263

Metal Building Systems Manual

2.7.3 LongitudinalDeformationsDuetoThermalExpansion..............................................................264
2.8 RUNWAYSTOPS.....................................................................................................................................265
2.9 FATIGUE...............................................................................................................................................265
2.9.1 CraneServiceClassifications.......................................................................................................265
2.9.2 DesigningforFatigue.................................................................................................................267
2.10 CRANEWHEELSANDRAILS.......................................................................................................................268
2.10.1 CraneWheels..............................................................................................................................268
2.10.2 Rails............................................................................................................................................269
2.10.3 RailAttachments........................................................................................................................272
2.11 HEAVYDUTYCYCLECRANES....................................................................................................................274
2.11.1 CraneRunwayLoading...............................................................................................................274
2.11.2 BuildingClassifications...............................................................................................................276
2.11.3 AISTLoadCombinations.............................................................................................................277
2.11.4 Deflection...................................................................................................................................278
2.11.5 Fatigue........................................................................................................................................278
2.11.6 DetailingandFabricationConsiderations..................................................................................278
2.12 SPECIFICATIONOFCRANESYSTEMS............................................................................................................282
2.13 ERECTION.............................................................................................................................................282
2.14 OPERATIONANDMAINTENANCE...............................................................................................................282
2.15 CRANEEXAMPLE....................................................................................................................................283
CHAPTERIIISERVICEABILITY..................................................................................................................289
3.1 INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................................289
3.2 DESIGNCONSIDERATIONSRELATIVETOROOFING.........................................................................................297
3.2.1 MetalRoofs................................................................................................................................305
3.3 DESIGNCONSIDERATIONSRELATIVETOSKYLIGHTS........................................................................................306
3.4 DESIGNCONSIDERATIONSRELATIVETOCLADDING,FRAMEDEFORMATIONANDDRIFT........................................309
3.5 DESIGNCONSIDERATIONSRELATIVETOINTERIORPARTITIONSANDCEILINGS.....................................................318
3.6 DESIGNCONSIDERATIONSRELATIVETOVIBRATION/ACCELERATION................................................................324
3.7 DESIGNCONSIDERATIONSRELATIVETOEQUIPMENT......................................................................................325
CHAPTERIVCOMMONINDUSTRYPRACTICES.........................................................................................335
SECTION1INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................335
1.1Introduction......................................................................................................................................335
1.2Definitions........................................................................................................................................335
SECTION2SALEOFAMETALBUILDINGSYSTEM...................................................................................................338
2.1General.............................................................................................................................................338
2.2ChangesinOrderDocumentsorContractDocuments.....................................................................339
SECTION3DESIGNOFAMETALBUILDINGSYSTEM................................................................................................340
3.1DesignResponsibility........................................................................................................................340
3.2EndCustomerResponsibility............................................................................................................341
3.3Manufacturer'sResponsibility..........................................................................................................343
SECTION4MATERIALSANDFABRICATION............................................................................................................345
4.1MaterialsandMaterialTests...........................................................................................................345
4.2Fabrication........................................................................................................................................345
SECTION5DELIVERYANDRECEIPT.....................................................................................................................349
5.1Delivery.............................................................................................................................................349
5.2Receipt..............................................................................................................................................349
SECTION6ERECTIONANDOTHERFIELDWORK....................................................................................................351
6.1General.............................................................................................................................................351
6.2MetalBuildingSystemsErectionandOtherFieldWork...................................................................351
6.3SiteSurvey........................................................................................................................................352
6.4ConcreteSlab,FoundationandAnchorBoltSetting.........................................................................352

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6.5Interruptions,Delays,orOvertimeWages........................................................................................352
6.6HazardousJobSiteConditions...........................................................................................................353
6.7AccessibilityofJobSiteandBuildingFloorArea...............................................................................353
6.8ErectionTolerances...........................................................................................................................353
6.9MethodorSequenceofErection.......................................................................................................353
6.10CorrectionofErrorsandRepairs.....................................................................................................356
SECTION7INSURANCE......................................................................................................................................358
7.1General..............................................................................................................................................358
7.2ManufacturerInsurance....................................................................................................................358
7.3Dealer,Erector,ContractorandGeneralContractorInsurance........................................................358
7.4EndCustomerInsurance....................................................................................................................359
7.5LeasedEquipmentInsurance.............................................................................................................359
7.6InsuranceCertificates........................................................................................................................359
SECTION8GENERAL.........................................................................................................................................360
8.1Permits,Assessments,ProRataandOtherFees...............................................................................360
8.2CodeorDeedRestrictionCompliance...............................................................................................360
8.3PostponementofShipment...............................................................................................................360
8.4PenaltiesandBonds..........................................................................................................................360
8.5CompletionandAcceptance..............................................................................................................360
8.6IndemnificationforModifications,AdaptationsandRepairs............................................................361
8.7ConsequentialDamages....................................................................................................................361
8.8ChangesinProductorStandards......................................................................................................361
8.9ParagraphHeadings..........................................................................................................................361
SECTION9FABRICATIONTOLERANCES.................................................................................................................362
9.1ColdFormedStructuralMembers.....................................................................................................362
9.2BuiltUpStructuralMembers.............................................................................................................364
CHAPTERVPERFORMANCEGUIDESPECIFICATION..................................................................................367
SECTION1GENERAL.........................................................................................................................................368
1.1MetalBuildingSystemComponents..................................................................................................368
1.2RelatedSections................................................................................................................................369
1.3References.........................................................................................................................................369
1.4DesignRequirements.........................................................................................................................371
1.5Submittals.........................................................................................................................................373
1.6QualityAssurance..............................................................................................................................374
1.7Qualifications....................................................................................................................................374
1.8FieldMeasurements..........................................................................................................................374
1.9Warranty...........................................................................................................................................374
1.10Administration.................................................................................................................................375
SECTION2PRODUCTS.......................................................................................................................................375
2.1MaterialsRoofSystem....................................................................................................................375
2.2MaterialsWallSystems...................................................................................................................376
2.3MaterialsTrim.................................................................................................................................377
2.4MaterialsMetalPersonnelDoorsAndFrames................................................................................377
2.5MaterialsDoorsAndFrames,OtherThanPersonnel......................................................................378
2.6MaterialsWindows.........................................................................................................................378
2.7MaterialsTranslucentPanels..........................................................................................................379
2.8MaterialsAccessories......................................................................................................................379
2.9FabricationPrimaryFraming..........................................................................................................379
2.10FabricationSecondary...................................................................................................................380
2.11FabricationGutters,Downspouts,FlashingsAndTrim.................................................................380
SECTION3EXECUTION......................................................................................................................................381
3.1Execution...........................................................................................................................................381

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3.2ErectionFraming............................................................................................................................381
3.3ErectionWallAndRoofingSystems................................................................................................382
3.4ErectionGutter,Downspout,FlashingsAndTrim...........................................................................382
3.5ErectionTranslucentPanels...........................................................................................................383
3.6InstallationAccessories..................................................................................................................383
3.7Tolerances........................................................................................................................................383
CHAPTERVIIASMETALBUILDINGMANUFACTURERSACCREDITATIONPROGRAM..................................385
6.1
6.2
6.3

INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................................385
OBJECTIVES...........................................................................................................................................386
BENEFITS..............................................................................................................................................386

CHAPTERVIIBUILDINGENERGYCONSERVATION...................................................................................389
7.1
7.2

GENERAL..............................................................................................................................................389
ENERGYDESIGNGUIDEFORMETALBUILDINGSYSTEMS................................................................................389

CHAPTERVIIIFIREPROTECTION.............................................................................................................391
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
8.9
8.10

INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................................391
FIRERESISTANCEDESIGNGUIDEFORMETALBUILDINGSYSTEMS.....................................................................392
COLUMNFIRERATINGS...........................................................................................................................393
WALLFIRERATINGS................................................................................................................................394
ROOFFIRERATINGS................................................................................................................................395
JOINTFIRERATINGS................................................................................................................................395
COLUMNULFIREASSEMBLYLISTINGS......................................................................................................398
WALLULFIREASSEMBLYLISTINGS..........................................................................................................405
ROOFULFIREASSEMBLYLISTINGS..........................................................................................................425
JOINTSULFIREASSEMBLYLISTINGS........................................................................................................437

CHAPTERIXCLIMATOLOGICALDATABYCOUNTY...................................................................................461
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6

INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................................461
GROUNDSNOWLOADS...........................................................................................................................461
WINDLOADS.........................................................................................................................................461
RAINLOADS..........................................................................................................................................462
SEISMICLOADS......................................................................................................................................462
CLIMATOLOGICALDATASPREADSHEET........................................................................................................463

CHAPTERXGLOSSARY............................................................................................................................527
APPENDIX................................................................................................................................................A1
APPENDIXA1TAPEREDMEMBERS..........................................................................................................A3
A1.1 BACKGROUND.........................................................................................................................................A3
A1.2 RECENTDEVELOPMENTS...........................................................................................................................A3
APPENDIXA2BOLTEDENDPLATECONNECTIONS...................................................................................A5
A2.1 INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................A5
APPENDIXA3METALBUILDINGFOUNDATIONS......................................................................................A6
A3.1 INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................A6
A3.2 TYPESOFFORCES....................................................................................................................................A6
A3.2.1 LargeColumnUpliftForce...........................................................................................................A6
A3.2.2 HorizontalThrustForce...............................................................................................................A6
A3.3 METHODSOFLATERALLOADRESISTANCE....................................................................................................A7
A3.4 TENSIONTIES.........................................................................................................................................A7

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A3.5 HAIRPINRODS........................................................................................................................................A8
A3.6 SHEARBLOCKS........................................................................................................................................A9
APPENDIXA4GUTTERS,DOWNSPOUTSANDSCUPPERS........................................................................A10
A4.1
A4.2
A4.3
A4.4
A4.5
A4.6

INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................A10
GUTTERSANDDOWNSPOUTS..................................................................................................................A10
SECONDARYEMERGENCYOVERFLOW........................................................................................................A13
DESIGNANDSELECTIONPROCEDURE.........................................................................................................A13
MODIFIEDSMACNAMETHOD...............................................................................................................A14
RAINLOADEXAMPLE.............................................................................................................................A17

APPENDIXA5ROOFEXPANSIONANDCONTRACTION............................................................................A20
A5.1 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................A20
APPENDIXA6HANGINGLOADSONPURLINS.........................................................................................A21
A6.1 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................A21
APPENDIXA7WINDLOADCOMMENTARY............................................................................................A26
A7.1 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................A26
A7.2 BASICCODEANDSTANDARDEQUATIONS...................................................................................................A27
A7.2.1 KineticEnergyofWindField......................................................................................................A27
A7.2.2 ExternalPressuresandCombinedExternalandInternalPressures..........................................A30
A7.2.3 InternalPressures......................................................................................................................A38
A7.3 MAINFRAMINGWINDLOADS.................................................................................................................A41
A7.3.1 TheUsualCodeandStandardApproach...................................................................................A41
A7.3.2 MainFramingLoads:TheMBMAApproach.............................................................................A42
A7.3.3 MainFramingLoadsforBareFrames.......................................................................................A43
A7.4 WINDLOADSFORCOMPONENTSANDCLADDING........................................................................................A49
A7.4.1 General......................................................................................................................................A49
A7.4.2 PressureCoefficients.................................................................................................................A49
A7.5 INTERRELATIONSHIPBETWEENCODEPARAMETERS....................................................................................A50
A7.6 WINDSPEEDMAPSANDMEASURINGMETHODS........................................................................................A51
A7.7 WINDUPLIFTRATINGS...........................................................................................................................A52
A7.7.1 Introduction...............................................................................................................................A52
A7.7.2 UpliftTests................................................................................................................................A53
APPENDIXA8LIGHTNINGPROTECTION.................................................................................................A58
A8.1 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................A58
APPENDIXA9SNOWREMOVAL............................................................................................................A59
A9.1
A9.2
A9.3
A9.4

INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................A59
DRAINAGE...........................................................................................................................................A59
WHENTOREMOVESNOW......................................................................................................................A59
SNOW/ICEREMOVALPROCEDURE............................................................................................................A60

APPENDIXA10SNOW,FROSTANDWINDDATAOUTSIDETHEUNITEDSTATES......................................A62
A10.1 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................A62
A10.2 CLIMATOLOGICALDATASPREADSHEETOUTSIDEUNITEDSTATES.................................................................A62
APPENDIXA11CLEANINGPANELSURFACES...........................................................................................A67
APPENDIXA12CLEANINGSTRUCTURALSTEEL.......................................................................................A68
APPENDIXA13OSHASTEELERECTIONREGULATIONS............................................................................A69

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A13.1 BACKGROUND.......................................................................................................................................A69
A13.2 SYSTEMSENGINEEREDMETALBUILDINGS..................................................................................................A70
A13.3 RULINGONGUTTERINSTALLATION...........................................................................................................A70
A13.4STEELCOALITIONLUBRICANTTASKGROUPFINALREPORT............................................................................A72
APPENDIXA14CONVERSIONFACTORS..................................................................................................A97
APPENDIXA15ADDRESSESOFORGANIZATIONS....................................................................................A99
APPENDIXA16METALROOFINGDETAILSFOREWORD.........................................................................A105
SECTION1TRAPEZOIDALRIBPANELDETAILS.....................................................................................................A106
SECTION2VERTICALRIBPANELDETAILS(LOWSLOPE)........................................................................................A106
APPENDIXA17BIBLIOGRAPHY.............................................................................................................A107

Metal Building Systems Manual

LIST OF FIGURES
ChapterI
Figure1.3.4.4:

Figure1.3.4.8:

Figure1.3.4.5(a):

Figure1.3.4.5(b):

Figure1.3.4.5(c):

Figure1.3.4.5(d):

Figure1.3.4.5(e):

Figure1.3.4.9(a):

Figure1.3.4.9(b):

Figure1.3.4.9(c):

Figure1.3.4.9(d):

Figure1.3.4.9(e):

Figure1.3.4.9(f):

Figure1.3.5.8:

Figure1.3.5.14(a):
Figure1.3.5.14(b):
Figure1.3.5.14(c)1:
Figure1.3.5.14(c)2:
Figure1.3.5.14(c)3:
Figure1.3.5.14(c)4:
Figure1.3.5.14(c)5:
Figure1.3.5.14(c)6:
Figure1.3.5.14(c)7:
Figure1.3.5.14(c)8:
Figure1.3.5.14(c)9:
Figure1.3.5.14(d)1:
Figure1.3.5.14(d)2:
Figure1.3.5.14(d)3:
Figure1.3.5.14(d)4:
Figure1.3.5.14(d)5:
Figure1.3.5.14(d)6:
Figure1.3.5.14(e)1:
Figure1.3.5.14(e)2:
Figure1.3.5.14(e)3:
Figure1.3.6.10(a):
Figure1.3.6.10(b)1:
Figure1.3.6.10(b)2:
Figure1.3.6.10(b)3:
Figure1.3.6.10(b)4:
Figure1.3.6.10(b)5:
Figure1.3.6.10(b)6:
Figure1.3.6.10(b)7:
ChapterII
Figure2.2.1(a):

Figure2.2.1(b):

Figure2.2.2:

Figure2.2.3:

Figure2.2.4(a):

Figure2.2.4(b):

Figure2.2.4(c):

EffectiveWindLoadArea..........................................................................................18
ExampleofDriftDeterminations...............................................................................27
MWFRSCoefficientsinTransverseDirection(GableRoof).......................................29
MWFRSCoefficientsinTransverseDirection(SingleSlope)......................................29
MWFRSCoefficientsinLongitudinalDirection(GableRoof).....................................31
MWFRSCoefficientsinLongitudinalDirection(SingleSlope)...................................31
MBMARecommendationforOpenBuildinginLongitudinalDirection.....................32
BuildingGeometryandWindApplicationZonesforComponentsandCladding......41
BuildingGeometryandWindApplicationZonesforComponentsandCladding......53
BuildingGeometry.....................................................................................................92
WindApplicationZonesforComponentsandCladding..........................................103
BuildingGeometryandWindApplicationZonesforComponentsandCladding....114
BuildingGeometry...................................................................................................127
UnbalancedSnowLoadsforGable/HipRoofs.........................................................139
BuildingGeometry...................................................................................................143
BuildingGeometry...................................................................................................150
BuildingGeometryandDriftLocations...................................................................153
DriftLoadforAreaA................................................................................................156
DriftLoadforAreaB................................................................................................157
SlidingSnowforAreaB............................................................................................158
DriftLoadforAreasC1andC2..................................................................................159
DriftLoadforAreaD................................................................................................160
SlidingSnowforAreaD...........................................................................................161
IntersectingSnowDriftsforAreaE.........................................................................161
ValleySnowDriftforAreaF.....................................................................................162
BuildingGeometryandDriftLocations...................................................................163
DriftLoadforAreaA................................................................................................166
SlidingSnowforAreaA...........................................................................................167
ValleyDriftLoadforAreaB.....................................................................................168
DriftLoadforAreaC................................................................................................169
DriftLoadforAreaD................................................................................................170
BuildingGeometryandDriftLocations...................................................................171
CalculationsforAreasAandB.................................................................................173
CalculationsforAreaC............................................................................................173
IsometricoftheMetalBuildingSeismicExample....................................................182
IsometricoftheMetalBuildingExamplewithCMUWalls......................................213
UseofBoltHolesinHighSeismicApplications........................................................228
SectionShowingContinuousGutterSystem...........................................................228
SpandrelBeamUsedasConnectingElement..........................................................230
EaveTrussesUsedasConnectingElements............................................................232
ExampleofWallAnchorConnection.......................................................................233
HypotheticalWallElevation....................................................................................233
TopRunningBridgeCranewithSuspendedTrolley................................................238
TopRunningBridgeCranewithTopBearingTrolley...............................................239
UnderhungBridgeCrane.........................................................................................240
UnderhungMonorailCrane.....................................................................................241
ColumnMountedJibCrane.....................................................................................242
ColumnMountedJibCranewithSupplementalColumn........................................242
FloorMountedJibCrane.........................................................................................242

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Figure2.2.5:
Figure2.2.6:
Figure2.3.1(a):
Figure2.3.1(b):
Figure2.4.5:
Figure2.5.6(a):
Figure2.5.6(b):
Figure2.5.6(c):
Figure2.5.7(a):
Figure2.5.7(b):
Figure2.6.3:
Figure2.6.4:
Figure2.6.4.3(a):
Figure2.6.4.3(b):
Figure2.7a:
Figure2.7b:
Figure2.10.1:
Figure2.10.2:
Figure2.10.3:
Figure2.15(a):
Figure2.15(b):
ChapterIII
Figure3.1:
Figure3.2:
ChapterIV
Figure9.1:
Figure9.2(a):
Figure9.2(b):
ChapterVIII
Figure8.6:
Appendix
FigureA3.2.2(a):
FigureA3.2.2(b):
FigureA3.4:
FigureA3.5(a):
FigureA3.5(b):
FigureA3.6:
FigureA4.2:
FigureA6.1(a):
FigureA6.1(b):
FigureA6.1(c):
FigureA6.1(d):
FigureA6.1(e):
FigureA7.2.1:
FigureA7.2.2.1:
FigureA7.2.2.2(a):
FigureA7.2.2.2(b):
FigureA7.2.3(a):
FigureA7.2.3(b):
FigureA7.2.3(c):
FigureA7.3.1:

SingleLegGantryCrane..........................................................................................243
StackerCrane..........................................................................................................244
ClearancesforTopRunningCraneAisles...............................................................246
ClearancesforUnderhungCraneAisles.................................................................247
CraneLoadingConditions.......................................................................................250
PlanViewofaCraneAisle......................................................................................254
CraneBuildingwithTwoBuildingAislesandaSingleCraneAisle..........................255
CraneBuildingwithTwoBuildingAislesandMultipleCraneAisles.......................256
IndoorRunwaySupportsforTopRunningCranes..................................................257
OutdoorRunwaySupportsforTopRunningCranes...............................................258
CommonRailwayBeamSectionsforTopRunningCranes.....................................260
RunwayBeamsforUnderhungandMonorailCranes............................................261
RigidSuspensionforUnderhungandMonorailCranes..........................................262
FlexibleSuspensionforUnderhungandMonorailCranes.....................................262
LongitudinalBracingwithExpansionJoint.............................................................264
LongitudinalBracingwithoutExpansionJoint........................................................264
TypicalCraneWheels..............................................................................................269
ExampleofRailArrangementUsing39ft.StandardLengths.................................271
CommonMethodsofFasteningRailstoRunwayBeams.......................................273
CraneLocationforMaximumVerticalLoadonColumns.......................................284
CraneLoads............................................................................................................287

CMUwithBondBreakerControlJoint....................................................................313
CMUwithContinuousFlashingControlJoint.........................................................313

ColdFormedStructuralMembers..........................................................................362
BuiltUpStructuralMember...................................................................................364
BuiltUpStructuralMember...................................................................................365

OrientationsofanInteriorFireResistiveWallRelativetotheRoofPurlins..........397

Horizontal"Thrust"Force(Pinnedbase).................................................................A7
Horizontal"Thrust"Force(Fixedbase)...................................................................A7
Tensionrod..............................................................................................................A8
HairpinRods.............................................................................................................A8
SpreadTieRod.........................................................................................................A8
ExamplesofShearBlocks........................................................................................A9
RectangularGuttersWidthofGutter.................................................................A12
RecommendedMethodforHangingLoadsonaSinglePurlin..............................A23
IncorrectMethodforHangingLoadsonPurlins....................................................A23
ExampleofClampSomeManufacturersMayFindAcceptable.............................A24
ExampleofSpreaderBeam(a.k.a.TrapezeBeam)................................................A24
ExampleofSeismicorSwayBrace.........................................................................A25
MeanWindSpeedVariationWithHeight.............................................................A29
TypicalTimeHistoryPlotofExternalPressureCoefficients..................................A34
WindInducedPressuresonPurlinAB..................................................................A35
WindInducedLineLoadsonRigidFrames............................................................A37
TypicalRangeofInternalPressuresCoefficientsvs.SizeofOpening....................A38
InfluencesofOpeningsonInternalPressure.........................................................A40
ExternalandInternalPressureDistributionsforaPartiallyEnclosedBuilding.....A40
MonitoredPressureCoefficientsandAssumedCodePressures...........................A42

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LIST OF TABLES
Chapter I
Table1.3.1(a):
Table1.3.1(b):
Table1.3.1(c):
Table1.3.3(a):
Table1.3.4.5(a):
Table1.3.4.5(b):
Table1.3.4.6(a):
Table1.3.4.6(b):
Table1.3.4.6(c):
Table1.3.4.6(d):
Table1.3.4.6(e):
Table1.3.4.6(f):
Table1.3.4.6(g):
Table1.3.4.6(h):
Table1.3.5.2:
ChapterII
Table2.2:
Table2.5:
Table2.6:
Table2.7:
Table2.9:
Table2.10.2:
Table2.11.1.2:
ChapterIII
Table3.1:
Table3.2:
Table3.3:
Table3.4:
Table3.5:
ChapterIV
Table6.1:
Table9.1:
Table9.2:
ChapterVIII
Table8.1:
Table8.3(a):
Table8.3(b):
Appendix
TableA4.5(a):
TableA4.5(b):
TableA7.2.1:
TableA7.6a:
TableA7.6b:

ImportanceFactors.....................................................................................................5
DeflectionLimits..........................................................................................................6
TypicalCollateralLoads...............................................................................................7
RoofLiveLoads............................................................................................................9
MainFramingCoefficientsforTransverseDirection.................................................28
MainFramingCoefficientsforLongitudinalDirection(AllRoofAngles)...............30
WallCoefficientEquations........................................................................................33
RoofandOverhangCoefficientEquationsGableRoofs,07........................34
RoofandOverhangCoefficientEquationsGableRoofs,7<27........................35
RoofandOverhangCoefficientEquationsGableRoofs,27<45......................36
RoofCoefficientEquationsMultispanGableRoofs,10<30.............................37
RoofCoefficientEquationsSingleSlope,3<10...............................................38
RoofCoefficientEquationsSingleSlope,10<30.............................................39
RoofCoefficientEquationsSawtoothRoofs..............................................................40
TypicalHeatedandUnheatedBuildingUsage.........................................................135
GeneralRangeofCraneTypes.................................................................................237
LoadingforBuildingFramesandSupportColumns................................................252
RunwayBeamsandSuspensionSystems................................................................259
LongitudinalBracing................................................................................................264
DesignLifeStressRangeFluctuationsforPartsandConnections...........................265
CommonlyUsedRailSectionsData......................................................................270
AISTCraneSideThrusts...........................................................................................276
ServiceabilityConsiderationsMetalRoofing........................................................330
ServiceabilityConsiderationsSkylightsSupports..................................................330
ServiceabilityConsiderationsCladding.................................................................331
ServiceabilityConsiderationsCeilings&Partitions..............................................332
ServiceabilityConsiderationsEquipment..............................................................333
CraneRunwayBeamErection.................................................................................355
ColdFormedStructuralMembers...........................................................................363
BuiltUpStructuralMembers..................................................................................366
ULFireResistiveRatedAssembliesApplicabletoMetalBuildingSystems.............392
SummaryofColumnFireTestResults.....................................................................393
SummaryofColumnProtectionbyEngineeringInvestigation................................394
Factor"B"byRoofSlope.......................................................................................A15
WaterHandlingCapacityofScuppersinGallonsperMinute(GPM)....................A16
ExposureCategoryConstants................................................................................A30
DesignWindSpeeds,ASCE793toASCE710.........................................................A51
ConversionofWindSpeedsandPressureCoefficients.........................................A52

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Metal Building Systems Manual

LIST OF DESIGN EXAMPLES
Chapter I
RoofLiveLoadExample1.3.3.3: LowSlopeMultiSpanRigidFrame.............................................................9
StandardGableBuilding...........................................................................41
WindLoadExample1.3.4.9(a):
WindLoadExample1.3.4.9(b)1: EnclosedBuilding......................................................................................53
WindLoadExample1.3.4.9(b)2: PartiallyEnclosedBuilding........................................................................66
WindLoadExample1.3.4.9(b)3a: OpenBuilding...........................................................................................78
WindLoadExample1.3.4.9(b)3b: OpenBuilding80'x80'.............................................................................83
BuildingwithRoofOverhangs..................................................................92
WindLoadExample1.3.4.9(c):
RiskCategoryIIIwithGableRoofGreaterthan30................................103
WindLoadExample1.3.4.9(d):
SingleSlopeBuilding...............................................................................113
WindLoadExample1.3.4.9(e):
SingleSlopeBuilding...............................................................................114
WindLoadExample1.3.4.9(e):
BuildingwithParapet.............................................................................127
WindLoadExample1.3.4.9(f):
SnowLoadExample1.3.5.14(a): RoofwithEaveOverhang.......................................................................143
SnowLoadExample1.3.5.14(b): StandardGableRoof...............................................................................150
SnowLoadExample1.3.5.14(c): MultipleGableRoofsandCanopy..........................................................153
SnowLoadExample1.3.5.14(d): UnbalanceGableRoofandSlidingSnow................................................163
SnowLoadExample1.3.5.14(e): RoofProjections.....................................................................................171
SeismicLoadExample1.3.6.10(a): DeterminationofSeismicDesignForces................................................182
SeismicLoadExample1.3.6.10(b): MetalBuildingwithConcreteMasonryWalls........................................213
Chapter II
CraneLoadExampleExample2.15:TwoAisleswithOneCraneperAisle......................................................283
Appendix
LowSlopeGableRoofwithParapets.....................................................A17
RainLoadExampleA4.6:

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