Incentives and Foreign Investment Law

MIDTERMS Coverage: 1. Omnibus Investments Code 2. Foreign Investments Act 3. Cases i. Garcia cases (due process requirements) ii. Appealing decisions of the BOI I. Relevant Constitutional Provision ARTICLE II Declaration of Principles and State Policies Section 9. The State shall promote a just and dynamic social order that will ensure the prosperity and independence of the nation and free the people from poverty through policies that provide adequate social services, promote full employment, a rising standard of living, and an improved quality of life for all. Section 10. The State shall promote social justice in all phases of national development. Section 18. The State affirms labor as a primary social economic force. It shall protect the rights of workers and promote their welfare. Section 19. The State shall develop a self-reliant and independent national economy effectively controlled by Filipinos. Section 20. The State recognizes the indispensable role of the private sector, encourages private enterprise, and provides incentives to needed investments. Section 21. The State shall promote comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform. ARTICLE VI The Legislative Department Section 28. (1) The rule of taxation shall be uniform and equitable. The Congress shall evolve a progressive system of taxation. (4) No law granting any tax exemption shall be passed without the concurrence of a majority of all the Members of the Congress. ARTICLE VII Executive Department Section 20. The President may contract or guarantee foreign loans on behalf of the Republic of the Philippines with the prior concurrence of the Monetary Board, and subject to such limitations as may be provided by law. The Monetary Board shall, within thirty days from the end of every quarter of the calendar year, submit to the Congress a complete report of its decision on applications for loans to be contracted or guaranteed by the Government or government-owned and controlled corporations which would have the effect of increasing the foreign debt, and containing other matters as may be provided by law. ARTICLE XII National Economy and Patrimony Section 1. The goals of the national economy are: 1. 2. a more equitable distribution of opportunities, income, and wealth; a sustained increase in the amount of goods and services produced by the nation for the benefit of the people 3. an expanding productivity as the key to raising the quality of life for all, especially the underprivileged.

The State shall promote industrialization and full employment based on sound agricultural development and agrarian reform, through industries that make full and efficient use of human and natural resources, and which are competitive in both domestic and foreign markets. However, the State shall protect Filipino enterprises against unfair foreign competition and trade practices. In the pursuit of these goals, all sectors of the economy and all regions of the country shall be given optimum opportunity to develop. Private enterprises, including corporations, cooperatives, and similar collective organizations, shall be encouraged to broaden the base of their ownership. Section 2. All lands of the public domain, waters, minerals, coal, petroleum, and other mineral oils, all forces of potential energy, fisheries, forests or timber, wildlife, flora and fauna, and other natural resources are owned by the State. All natural resourced EXCEPT AGRICULTURAL LAND cannot be alienated. The exploration, development, and utilization of natural resources shall be under the full control and supervision of the State. The State may directly undertake such activities, or it may enter into co-production, joint venture, or production-sharing agreements with Filipino citizens, or corporations or associations at least sixty per centum of whose capital is owned by such citizens. Period <= 25 yrs + 25 yrs extension The State shall protect the nation's marine wealth in its archipelagic waters, territorial sea, and exclusive economic zone, and reserve its use and enjoyment exclusively to Filipino citizens. The Congress may, by law, allow small-scale utilization of natural resources by Filipino citizens, as well as cooperative fish farming, with priority to subsistence fishermen and fish- workers in rivers, lakes, bays, and lagoons. The President may enter into agreements with foreign-owned corporations involving either 1. 2. technical or financial assistance

for large-scale exploration, development, and utilization of minerals, petroleum, and other mineral oils according to the general terms and conditions provided by law, based on real contributions to the economic growth and general welfare of the country. In such agreements, the State shall promote the development and use of local scientific and technical resources. The President shall notify the Congress of every contract entered into in accordance with this provision, within thirty days from its execution. Section 3. Lands of the public domain: 1. 2. 3. 4. agricultural (may be further classified, may be alienated) forest or timber mineral lands and national parks. Period <= 25 yrs + 25 yrs extension Limit: <= 1000 ha OWN - <= 12ha

Private corporations can only LEASE property

Citizens LEASE - <=500 ha

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Taking into account the requirements of conservation, ecology, and development, and subject to the requirements of agrarian reform, the Congress shall determine, by law, the size of lands of the public domain which may be acquired, developed, held, or leased and the conditions therefor. Section 5. The State, subject to the provisions of this Constitution and national development policies and programs, shall protect the rights of indigenous cultural communities to their ancestral lands to ensure their economic, social, and cultural well-being. Section 6. The use of property bears a social function, and all economic agents shall contribute to the common good. Individuals and private groups, including corporations, cooperatives, and similar collective organizations, shall have the right to own establish, and operate economic enterprises, subject to the duty of the State to promote distributive justice and to intervene when the common good so demands. Section 7. Save in cases of hereditary succession, no private lands shall be transferred or conveyed except to individuals, corporations, or associations qualified to acquire or hold lands of the public domain. - Aliens cannot own land but can own condominiums through a condominium corporation (only up to 40% of such corp.). Section 9. The Congress may establish an independent economic and planning agency headed by the President, which shall, after consultations with the appropriate public agencies, various private sectors, and local government units, recommend to Congress, and implement continuing integrated and coordinated programs and policies for national development. Until the Congress provides otherwise, the National Economic and Development Authority shall function as the independent planning agency of the government. Section 10. The Congress shall, upon recommendation of the economic and planning agency, when the national interest dictates, reserve to citizens of the Philippines or to corporations or associations at least sixty per centum of whose capital is owned by such citizens, or such higher percentage as Congress may prescribe, certain areas of investments. The Congress shall enact measures that will encourage the formation and operation of enterprises whose capital is wholly owned by Filipinos. In the grant of rights, privileges, and concessions covering the national economy and patrimony, the State shall give preference to qualified Filipinos. The State shall regulate and exercise authority over foreign investments within its national jurisdiction and in accordance with its national goals and priorities. Section 11. Public Utility = Citizens or Corporations established under Philippine Law. Period= <= 50 years. Neither shall any such franchise or right be granted except under the condition that it shall be subject to amendment, alteration, or repeal by the Congress when the common good so requires. The State shall encourage equity participation in public utilities by the general public. The participation of foreign investors in the governing body of any public utility enterprise shall be limited to their proportionate share in its capital, and all the executive and managing officers of such corporation or association must be citizens of the Philippines. Section 12. The State shall promote the preferential use of Filipino labor, domestic materials and locally produced goods, and adopt measures that help make them competitive. Section 16. The Congress shall not, except by general law, provide for the formation, organization, or regulation of private corporations. Government-owned or controlled corporations may be created or established by special charters in the interest of the common good and subject to the test of economic viability. Section 17. In times of national emergency, when the public interest so requires, the State may, during the emergency and under reasonable terms prescribed by it, temporarily take over or direct the operation of any privately owned public utility or business affected with public interest. Section 18. The State may, in the interest of national welfare or defense, establish and operate vital industries and, upon payment of just compensation, transfer to public ownership utilities and other private enterprises to be operated by the Government. Section 19. The State shall regulate or prohibit monopolies when the public interest so requires. No combinations in restraint of trade or unfair competition shall be allowed. Section 20. The Congress shall establish an independent central monetary authority, the members of whose governing board must be natural-born Filipino citizens, of known probity, integrity, and patriotism, the majority of whom shall come from the private sector. They shall also be subject to such other qualifications and disabilities as may be prescribed by law. The authority shall provide policy direction in the areas of money, banking, and credit. It shall have supervision over the operations of banks and exercise such regulatory powers as may be provided by law over the operations of finance companies and other institutions performing similar functions. Until the Congress otherwise provides, the Central Bank of the Philippines, operating under existing laws, shall function as the central monetary authority. Section 21. Foreign loans may only be incurred in accordance with law and the regulation of the monetary authority. Information on foreign loans obtained or guaranteed by the Government shall be made available to the public. Section 22. Acts which circumvent or negate any of the provisions of this Article shall be considered inimical to the national interest and subject to criminal and civil sanctions, as may be provided by law. ARTICLE XIV Education Section 4 (2) Educational institutions, other than those established by religious groups and mission boards, shall be owned solely by citizens of the Philippines or corporations or associations at least sixty per centum of the capital of which is owned by such citizens. The Congress may, however, require increased Filipino equity participation in all educational institutions. Science and Technology Section 10. Science and technology are essential for national development and progress. The State shall give priority to research and development, invention, innovation, and their utilization; and to science and technology education, training, and services. It shall support indigenous, appropriate, and self- reliant scientific and technological capabilities, and their application to the country's productive systems and national life. Section 11. The Congress may provide for incentives, including tax deductions, to encourage private participation in programs of basic and applied scientific research. Scholarships, grants-in-aid, or other forms of incentives shall be provided to deserving science students, researchers, scientists, inventors, technologists, and specially gifted citizens. Section 12. The State shall regulate the transfer and promote the adaptation of technology from all sources for the national benefit. It shall encourage the widest participation of private groups, local governments, and community-based organizations in the generation and utilization of science and technology. Section 13. The State shall protect and secure the exclusive rights of scientists, inventors, artists, and other gifted citizens to their intellectual property and creations, particularly when beneficial to the people, for such period as may be provided by law.

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General Provisions Section 11. (1) The ownership and management of mass media shall be limited to citizens of the Philippines, or to corporations, cooperatives or associations, wholly-owned and managed by such citizens. The Congress shall regulate or prohibit monopolies in commercial mass media when the public interest so requires. No combinations in restraint of trade or unfair competition therein shall be allowed. (2) The advertising industry is impressed with public interest, and shall be regulated by law for the protection of consumers and the promotion of the general welfare. Only Filipino citizens or corporations or associations at least seventy per centum of the capital of which is owned by such citizens shall be allowed to engage in the advertising industry. The participation of foreign investors in the governing body of entities in such industry shall be limited to their proportionate share in the capital thereof, and all the executive and managing officers of such entities must be citizens of the Philippines. Nationalized Industries Public Utilities Educational Institutions (except those established by religious organizations) Mass Media Advertising II. Policies: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Economic Nationalism Planned Economy Disperse Industries Promote small and medium scale industries Encourage competition/ discourage monopoly CHAPTER II BOARD OF INVESTMENTS ART. 3. The Board of Investments. - The Board of Investments shall implement the provisions of Books One to Five of this Code. ART. 4. Composition of the Board. - The Board of Investments shall be composed of seven (7) governors: 1. 2. The Secretary of Trade and Industry (Chairman) three (3) Undersecretaries of Trade and Industry to be chosen by the President; (Undersecretary of the Department of Trade and Industry for Industry and Investments shall be concurrently the Vice-Chairman of the Board and its Managing Head) three (3) representatives from other government agencies and the private sector (4-yr term; shall serve until replaced Omnibus Investments Code 100% Filipino 100% Filipino 100% Filipino At least 70% Filipino 2. The State shall ensure holistic development by safeguarding the well-being of the social, cultural and ecological life of the people. For this purpose, consultation with affected communities will be conducted whenever necessary. 3. The State shall extend to projects which will significantly contribute to the attainment of these objectives, fiscal incentives without which said projects may not be established in the locales, number and/or pace required for optimum national economic development. Fiscal incentive systems shall be devised to compensate for market imperfections, to reward performance contributing to economic development, be costefficient and be simple to administer. 4. The State considers the private sector as the prime mover for economic growth. In this regard, private initiative is to be encouraged, with deregulation and self-regulation of business activities to be generally adopted where dictated by urgent social concerns. 5. The State shall principally play a supportive role, rather than a competitive one, providing the framework, the climate and the incentives within which business activity is to take place. 6. The State recognizes that there are appropriate roles for local and foreign capital to play in the development of the Philippine economy and that it is the responsibility of Government to define these roles and provide the climate for their entry and growth. 7. The State recognizes that industrial peace is an essential element of economic growth and that it is a principal responsibility of the State to ensure that such a condition prevails. 8. Fiscal incentives shall be extended to stimulate the establishment and assist initial operations of the enterprise, and shall terminate after a period of not more than 10 years from registration or start-up of operation unless a specific period is otherwise stated. The foregoing declaration of investment policies shall apply to all investment incentive schemes.

ART. 2. Declaration of Investment Policies. - To accelerate the sound development of the national economy in consonance with the principles and objectives of economic nationalism and in pursuance of a planned economically feasible and practical dispersal of industries and the promotion of small and medium scale industries, under conditions which will encourage competition and discourage monopolies, the following are declared policies of the State: 1. The State shall encourage private Filipino and foreign investments in industry, agriculture, forestry, mining, tourism and other sectors of the economy which shall: provide significant employment opportunities relative to the amount of the capital being invested; increase productivity of the land, minerals, forestry, aquatic and other resources of the country, and improve utilization of the products thereof improve technical skills of the people employed in the enterprise; provide a foundation for the future development of the economy; meet the tests of international competitiveness; accelerate development of less developed regions of the country; and result in increased volume and value of exports for the economy.

3.

No vacancy shall be filled except for the unexpired portion of any term, and that no one may be designated to be a governor of the Board in an acting capacity but all appointments shall be ad interim or permanent. ART 5. Qualifications of Governors of the Board. 1. 2. 3. at least thirty (30) years old of good moral character and of recognized competence in the fields of economics, finance, banking, commerce,

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industry, agriculture, engineering, law, management or labor. ART. 6. Appointment of Board Personnel. - The Board shall appoint its technical staff and other personnel subject to Civil Service Law, rules and regulations. ART 7. Powers and Duties of the Board. - The Board shall be responsible for the regulation and promotion of investments in the Philippines. It shall meet as often as may be necessary generally once a week on such day as it may fix. Notice of regular and special meetings shall be given all members of the Board. Four (4) governors = QUORUM Four (4) governors = MAJORITY VOTE (1) Prepare annually the Investment Priorities Plan (2) Promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to implement the intent and provisions of this Code relevant to the Board; (3) Process and approve applications for registration with the Board, imposing such terms and conditions as it may deem necessary to promote the objectives of this Code (4) After due hearing, decide controversies concerning the implementation of the Code that may arise between registered enterprises or investors therein and government agencies, within thirty (30) days after the controversy has been submitted for decision: Decision = 30 days from submission of controversy Appeal to the President = 30 days from receipt of adverse decision (5) Recommend the entry of foreign nationals into the Philippines for employment to the CID (6) Check by inspection or reports the participation of foreign nationals in registered enterprises (7) Periodically check and verify the compliance by registered enterprises with the relevant provisions of this Code, with the rules and regulations promulgated under this Code and with the terms and conditions of registration; (8) After due notice, cancel the registration or suspend the enjoyment of incentives benefits of any registered enterprise and/or require refund of incentives enjoyed by such enterprise including interests and monetary penalties, for (a) failure to maintain the qualifications required by this Code for registration with the Board or (b) for violation of any provisions of this Code, of the rules and regulations issued under this Code, of the terms and conditions of registration, or of laws for the protection of labor or of the consuming public: Provided, That the registration of an enterprise whose project timetable, as set by the Board is delayed by one year, shall be considered automatically cancelled unless otherwise reinstated as a registered enterprise by the Board; (9) Determine the organizational structure taking into account Article 6 of this Code; appoint, discipline and remove its personnel consistent with the provisions of the Civil Service Law and Rules; (10) Prepare or contract for the preparation of feasibility and other pre-investment studies for pioneer areas either upon its own initiative; or upon the request of Philippine nationals who commit themselves to invest therein and show the capability of doing so. (11) When feasible and considered desirable by the Board, require registered enterprises to list their shares of stock in any accredited stock exchange or directly offer a portion of their capital stock to the public and/or their employees; (12) Formulate and implement rationalization programs for certain industries whose operation may result in dislocation, overcrowding or inefficient use of resources, thus impeding economic growth. (13) In appropriate cases, and subject to the conditions which the Board deems necessary, suspend the nationality requirement provided for in this Code or any other nationalization statute in cases of ASEAN projects or investments by ASEAN nationals in preferred projects, and with the approval of the President, extend said suspension to other international complementation arrangements for the manufacture of a particular product on a regional basis to take advantage of economies of scale; (14) Extend the period of availment of incentives by any registered enterprise; Provided, That the total period of availment shall not exceed ten (10) years, subject to any of the following criteria: (a) The registered enterprise has suffered operational force majeure that has impaired its viability; (b) The registered enterprise has not fully enjoyed the incentives granted to it for reasons beyond its control; (c) The project of the registered enterprise has a gestation period which goes beyond the period of availment of needed incentives; and (d) The operation of the registered enterprise has been subjected to unforeseen changes in government policies, particularly, protectionism policies of importing countries, and such other supervening factors which would affect the competitiveness of the registered firm; (15) Regulate the making of investments by foreigners or business organizations owned in whole or in part by foreigners; (16) Prepare or contract for the preparation of industry and sectoral development programs and gather and compile statistical, technical, marketing, financial and other data required for the effective implementation of this Code; (17) Within four (4) months after the close of the fiscal year, submit annual reports to the President which shall cover its activities in the administration of this Code, including recommendations on investment policies; (18) Provide information as may be of interest to prospective foreign investors : (19) Collate, analyze and compile pertinent information and studies concerning areas that have been or may be declared preferred areas of investments; and (20) Enter into agreements with other agencies of government for the simplification and facilitation of systems and procedures involved in the promotion of investments, operation of registered enterprises and other activities necessary for the effective implementation of this Code; (21) Generally, exercise all the powers necessary or incidental to attain the purposes of this Code and other laws vesting additional functions on the Board. ART. 8. Powers and Duties of the Chairman. - The CHAIRMAN shall have the following powers and duties: (1) To preside over the meetings of the Board; (2) To render annual reports to the President and such special reports as may be requested; (3) To act as liaison between investors seeking joint venture arrangements in particular areas of investment; (4) Recommend to the Board such policies and measures he may deem necessary to carry out the objectives of this Code; and (5) Generally, to exercise such other powers and perform such other duties as may be directed by the Board of Governors from time to time.

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ART. 9. Powers and Duties of the Vice-Chairman. - The VICE-CHAIRMAN shall have the following powers and duties: (1) To act as Managing Head of the Board; (2) To preside over the meetings of the Board in the absence of the Chairman; (3) Prepare the Agenda for the meetings of the Board and submit for its consideration and approval the policies and measures which the Chairman deems necessary and proper to carry out the provisions of this Code; (4) Assist registered enterprises and prospective investors to have their papers processed with dispatch by all government offices, agencies, instrumentalities and financial institutions; and (5) Perform the other duties of the Chairman in the absence of the latter, and such other duties as may be assigned to him by the Board of Governors. INVESTMENTS WITH INCENTIVES TITLE I PREFERRED AREAS OF INVESTMENTS CHAPTER I DEFINITION OF TERMS ART. 10. Board shall mean the Board of Investments created under this Code. ART. 11. REGISTERED ENTERPRISE shall mean any individual, partnership, cooperative, corporation or other entity incorporated and/or organized and existing under Philippine laws; and registered with the Board in accordance with this Book; Provided, however, That the term registered enterprise shall not include commercial banks, savings and mortgage banks, rural banks, savings and loan associations, building and loan associations, development banks, trust companies, investment banks, finance companies, brokers and dealers in securities, consumers' cooperatives and credit unions, and other business organizations whose principal purpose or principal source of income is to receive deposits, lend or borrow money, buy and sell or otherwise deal, trade or invest in common or preferred stocks, debentures, bonds or other marketable instruments generally recognized as securities, or discharge other similar intermediary, trust or fiduciary functions. ART. 12. TECHNOLOGICAL ASSISTANCE CONTRACTS shall mean contracts for: (1) the transfer, by license or otherwise, of patents, processes, formulas or other technological rights of foreign origin; and/or (2) foreign assistance concerning technical and factory management, design, planning, construction, operation and similar matters. ART. 13. FOREIGN LOANS shall mean any credit facility or financial assistance other than equity investment denominated and payable in foreign currency or where the creditor has the option to demand payment in foreign exchange and registered with the Central Bank and the Board. ART. 14. FOREIGN INVESTMENTS shall mean equity investments owned by a non-Philippine national made in the form of foreign exchange or other assets actually transferred to the Philippines and registered with the Central Bank and the Board, which shall assess and appraise the value of such assets other than foreign exchange. ART. 15. PHILIPPINE NATIONAL shall mean a citizen of the Philippines or a domestic partnership or association wholly-owned by citizens of the Philippines; or a corporation organized under the laws of the Philippines of which at least sixty per cent (60%) of the capital stock outstanding and entitled to vote is owned and held by citizens of the Philippines; or a trustee of funds for pension or other employee retirement or separation benefits, where the trustee is a Philippine national and at least sixty per cent (60%) of the fund will accrue to the benefit of Philippine nationals: Provided, That where a corporation and its non-Filipino stockholders own stock in a registered enterprise, at least sixty per cent (60%) of the capital stock outstanding and entitled to vote of both corporations must be owned and held by the citizens of the Philippines and at least sixty percent (60%) of the members of the Board of Directors of both corporations must be citizens of the Philippines in order that the corporation shall be considered a Philippine national. ART. 16. PREFERRED AREAS OF INVESTMENTS shall mean the economic activities that the Board shall have declared as such in accordance with Article 28 which shall be either non-pioneer or pioneer. ART. 17. PIONEER ENTERPRISE shall mean a registered enterprise (1) engaged in the manufacture, processing or production, of goods, products, commodities or raw materials that have not been or are not being produced in the Philippines on a commercial scale or (2) which uses a design, formula, scheme, method, process or system of production or transformation of any element, substance or raw materials into another raw material or finished goods which is new and untried in the Philippines or (3) engaged in the pursuit of agricultural, forestry and mining activities and/or services including the industrial aspects of food processing whenever appropriate, predetermined by the Board, in consultation with the appropriate Department, to be feasible and highly essential to the attainment of the national goal in relation to a declared specific national food and agricultural program for self sufficiency and other social benefits of the project or (4) which produces non-conventional fuels or manufactures equipment which utilize nonconventional sources of energy or uses or converts to coal or other non-conventional fuels or sources of energy in its production, manufacturing or processing operations Provided, That the final product in any of the foregoing instances, involves or will involve substantial use and processing of domestic raw materials, whenever available; taking into account the risks and magnitude of investment; Provided, further, That the foregoing definitions shall not in any way limit the rights and incentives granted to less-developed-area enterprises provided under Title V, Book 1 hereof. ART. 18. NON-PIONEER ENTERPRISE shall include all registered producer enterprises other than pioneer enterprises. ART. 19. EXPANSION shall include modernization and rehabilitation and shall mean increase of existing volume or value of production or upgrading the quality of the registered product or utilization of inefficient or idle equipment under such guidelines as the Board may adopt. ART. 20. MEASURED CAPACITY shall mean the estimated additional volume of production or service which the Board determines to be desirable in each preferred area of investment in order to supply the needs of the economy at reasonable prices, taking into account the export potential of the product, including economies of scale which would render such product competitive in the world market. Measured capacity shall not be less than the amount by which the measurable domestic and country's potential export market demand exceeds the existing productive capacity in said preferred areas. For export market industries, when warranted, the Board shall base measured capacity on the availability of domestic raw materials after deducting the needs of the domestic market therefor. ART. 21. Tax Credit shall mean any of the credits against taxes and/or duties equal to those actually

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paid or would have been paid to evidence which a tax credit certificate shall be issued by the Secretary of Finance or his representative, or the Board, if so delegated by the Secretary of Finance. The tax credit certificates including those issued by the Board pursuant to laws repealed by this Code but without in any way diminishing the scope of negotiability under their laws of issue are transferable under such conditions as may be determined by the Board after consultation with the Department of Finance. The tax credit certificate shall be used to pay taxes, duties, charges and fees due to the National Government: Provided, That the tax credits issued under this Code shall not form part of the gross income of the grantee/transferee for income tax purposes under Section 29 of the National Internal Revenue Code and are therefore not taxable: Provided, further, That such tax credits shall be valid only for a period of ten (10) years from date of issuance. ART. 22. Export products shall mean manufactured or processed products the total F.O.B. Philippine port value of the exports of which did not exceed five million dollars in the United States currency in the calendar year 1968 and which meet the local content requirement, if any, set by the Board, and standards of quality set by the Bureau of Product Standards,or, in default of such standards, by the Board or by such public or private organization, chamber, group or body as the Board may designate. The above definition notwithstanding, the Investment Priorities Plan may include other products for exports subject to such conditions and limited incentives as may be determined by the Board. ART. 23. Export sales shall mean the Philippine port F.O. B. value, determined from invoices, bills of lading, inward letters of credit, landing certificates, and other commercial documents, of export products exported directly by a registered export producer or the net selling price of export products sold by a registered export producer to another export producer, or to an export trader that subsequently exports the same: Provided, That sales of export products to another producer or to an export trader shall only be deemed export sales when actually exported by the latter, as evidenced by landing certificates or similar commercial documents: Provided, further, That without actual exportation the following shall be considered constructively exported for purposes of this provision: (1) sales to bonded manufacturing warehouses of export-oriented manufacturers; (2) sales to export processing zones; (3) sales to registered export traders operating bonded trading warehouses supplying raw materials used in the manufacture of export products under guidelines to be set by the Board in consultation with the Bureau of Internal Revenue and the Bureau of Customs; (4) sales to foreign military bases, diplomatic missions and other agencies and/or instrumentalities granted tax immunities, of locally manufactured, assembled or repacked products whether paid for in foreign currency or not: Provided, further, That export sales of registered export traders may include commission income: and Provided, finally, That exportation of goods on consignment shall not be deemed export sales until the export products consigned are in fact sold by the consignee. Sales of locally manufactured or assembled goods for household and personal use to Filipinos abroad and other non-residents of the Philippines as well as returning Overseas Filipinos under the Internal Export Program of the government and paid for in convertible foreign currency inwardly remitted through the Philippine banking systems shall also be considered export sales. ART. 24. Production cost shall mean the total of the cost of direct labor, raw materials, and manufacturing overhead, determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, which are incurred in manufacturing or processing the products of a registered enterprise. ART. 25. PROCESSING shall mean converting of raw materials into marketable form through physical, mechanical, chemical, electrical, biochemical, biological or other means or by a special treatment or a series of actions, such as slaughtering, milling, pasteurizing, drying or dessicating quick freezing, that results in a change in the nature or state of the products. Merely packing or packaging shall not constitute processing. ART. 26. INVESTMENT PRIORITIES PLAN shall mean the overall plan prepared by the Board which includes and contains: (a) The specific activities and generic categories of economic activity wherein investments are to be encouraged and the corresponding products and commodities to be grown, processed or manufactured pursuant thereto for the domestic or export market; (b) Specific public utilities which can qualify for incentives under this Code and which shall be supported by studies of existing and prospective regional demands for the services of such public utilities in the light of the level and structure of income, production, trade, prices and relevant economic and technical factors of the regions as well as the existing facilities to produce such services; (c) Specific activities where the potential for utilization of indigenous non-petroleum based fuels or sources of energy can be best promoted; and (d) Such other information, analyses, data, guidelines or criteria as the Board may deem appropriate. CHAPTER II INVESTMENT PRIORITIES PLAN ART. 27. Investment Priorities Plan. BOI must submit to the President the IPP on or before March 31. President may extend deadline.

ART. 28. Criteria in Investment Priority Determination. - No economic activity shall be included in the Investment Priorities Plan unless it is shown to be ECONOMICALLY, TECHNICALLY AND FINANCIALLY SOUND after thorough investigation and analysis by the Board. The determination of PREFERRED AREAS OF INVESTMENT to be listed in the Investment Priorities Plan shall be based on long-run comparative advantage, taking into account the value of social objectives and employing economic criteria along with market, technical; and financial analyses. The Board shall take into account the following: (a) Primarily, the economic soundness of the specific activity as shown by its economic internal rate of return; (b) The extent of contribution of an activity to a specific development goal; (c) Other indicators of comparative advantage; (d) Measured capacity as defined in Article 20; and (e) The market and technical aspects and considerations of the activity proposed to be included. In any of the declared preferred areas of investment, the Board may designate as pioneer areas the specific products and commodities that meet the requirements of Article 17 of this Code and review yearly whether such activity, as determined by the Board, shall continue as pioneer, otherwise, it shall be considered as non-pioneer and accordingly listed as such in the Investment Priorities Plan or removed from the Investment Priorities Plan. ART. 29. Approval of the Investment Priorities Plan. - The President shall proclaim the whole or part of such plan as in effect; or alternatively return the whole or part of the plan to the Board of Investments for revision.

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Upon the effectivity of the plan or portions thereof, the President shall issue all necessary directives to all departments, bureaus, agencies or instrumentalities of the government to ensure the implementation of the plan by the agencies concerned in a synchronized and integrated manner. No government body shall adopt any policy or take any course of action contrary to or inconsistent with the plan. ART. 30. Amendments. - Subject to publication requirements and the criteria for investment priority determination, the Board of Investments may, at any time, add additional areas in the plan, alter any of the terms of the declaration of an investment area or the designation of measured capacities, or terminate the status of preference. In no case, however, shall any amendment of the plan impair whatever rights may have already been legally vested in qualified enterprises which shall continue to enjoy such rights to the full extent allowed under this Code. The Board shall not accept applications in an area of investment prior to the approval of the same as a preferred area nor after approval of its deletion as a preferred area of investment. ART. 31. Publication. - Upon approval of the plan, in whole or in part or upon approval of an amendment thereof, the plan or the amendment, specifying and declaring the preferred areas of investment and their corresponding measured capacity shall be published in at least one (1) newspaper of general circulation and all such areas shall be open for application until publication of an amendment or deletion thereof, or until the Board approves registration of enterprises which fill the measured capacity. CHAPTER III REGISTRATION OF ENTERPRISES Qualifications of a Registered Enterprise. A. Citizenship a. b. Filipino citizen Partnership/ Corporation/ Cooperative i. ii. iii. c. i. organized under Philippine laws at least 60% of capital owned and controlled by Filipino citizens at least 60% of the Board of Directors are citizens Proposes to engage in a PIONEER PROJECT 1. 2. Measured capacity cannot be filled in by Philippine nationals Area of business not within activities reserved by the Constitution or other laws to Philippine citizens or corporations owned and controlled by Philippine citizens f. g. h. d. e. Investment Priorities Plan within a reasonable time to be fixed by the Board b. c. d. e. at least fifty percent (50%) of its total production is for export it is an existing producer which will export part of production under such conditions and/or limited incentives as the Board may determine; enterprise is engaged or proposing to engage in the sale abroad of export products bought by it from one or more export producers enterprise is engaged or proposing to engage in rendering technical, professional or other services or in exporting television and motion pictures and musical recordings made or produced in the Philippines, either directly or through a registered trader.

C. D.

Has the capacity to CONTRIBUTE to the development of the preferred are and of the national economy in general Proposing to engage in NOT PREFERRED projects - it must have installed or undertakes to install an accounting system adequate to identify the investments, revenues, costs, and profits or losses of each preferred project undertaken by the enterprise separately from the aggregate investment, revenues, costs and profits or losses of the whole enterprise or to establish a separate corporation for each preferred project if the Board should so require to facilitate proper implementation of this Code.

Criteria for Evaluation of Applications. a. b. c. The extent of ownership and control by Philippine citizens of the enterprises; The economic rates of return; The measured capacity: Provided, That estimates of measured capacities shall be regularly reviewed and updated to reflect changes in market supply and demand conditions: Provided, further, That measured capacity shall not result in a monopoly in any preferred area of investment which would unduly restrict trade and fair competition nor shall it be used to deny the entry of any enterprise in any field of endeavor or activity; The amount of foreign exchange earned, used or saved in their operations; The extent to which labor, materials and other resources obtained from indigenous sources are utilized; The extent to which technological advances are applied and adopted to local conditions; The amount of equity and degree to which the ownership of such equity is spread out and diversified; and Such other criteria as the Board may determine.

Foreign corporation

applications NOT ACTED UPON within 20 WORKING DAYS shall be deemed approved decision can be appealed to the OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT within 30 DAYS from its promulgation if appealed, decision of the board shall be FINAL and executory after 90 DAYS after perfection of appeal unless the OP reverses it issued a certificate of registration

ii. iii.

OR exports 70% of its total production Obligates to attain PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STATUS within 30 years from registration EXCEPTION: 100% EXPORT

B.

Type of Business a. proposing to engage in a preferred project listed or authorized in the current

Certificate of Registration. -

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o o o under the seal of the Board of Investments with the signature of its Chairman and/or such other officer or employee of the Board as it may empower and designate for the purpose. CONTENTS The name of the registered enterprise; The preferred area of investment in which the registered enterprise is proposing to engage; The nature of the activity it is undertaking or proposing to undertake, whether pioneer or non-pioneer, and the registered capacity of the enterprise; and The other terms and conditions to be observed by the registered enterprise by virtue of the registration. TITLE II BASIC RIGHTS AND GUARANTEES ART. 38. Protection of Investment. - All investors and registered enterprises are entitled to the basic rights and guarantees provided in the Constitution. Among other rights recognized by the Government of the Philippines are the following: (a) REPARTRIATION OF INVESTMENTS. - right to repatriate the entire proceeds of the liquidation of the investment in the currency in which the investment was originally made and at the exchange rate prevailing at the time of repatriation (b) REMITTANCE OF EARNINGS. right to remit earnings from the investment in the currency in which the investment was originally made and at the exchange rate prevailing at the time of remittance, (c) FREEDOM FROM EXPROPRIATION. - There shall be no expropriation by the government of the property represented by investments or of the property of the enterprise EXCEPT for public use or in the interest of national welfare or defense and upon payment of just compensation. In such cases, foreign investors or enterprises shall have the right to remit sums received as compensation for the expropriated property in the currency in which the investment was originally made and at the exchange rate at the time of remittance, subject to the provisions of Section 74 of Republic Act. No. 265 as amended; (d) REQUISITION OF INVESTMENT. - There shall be no requisition of the property represented by the investment or of the property of enterprises, EXCEPT in the event of war or national emergency and only for the duration thereof. Just compensation shall be determined and paid either at the time of requisition or immediately after cessation of the state of war or national emergency. Payments received as compensation for the requisitioned property may be remitted in the currency in which the investment was originally made and at the exchange rate prevailing at the time of remittance. (e) RIGHT TO REMIT TITLE III INCENTIVES TO REGISTERED ENTERPRISES d. When is an enterprise entitled to benefits and incentives? GENERAL RULE: when the incentives are made in the PREFERRED AREAS OF INVESTMENT as defined by the Investment Priorities Plan EXCEPTIONS: 1. Filipino-owned enterprise where 50% of products is for export 2. Not Filipino-owned where 70% of products is for export A. Fiscal Incentives 1. Income Tax Holiday 6 years- pioneer enterprises 4 years- non-pioneer enterprises Can be EXTENDED for 1 year if: i. the project meets the prescribed ratio of capital equipment to number of workers set by the Board; ii. utilization of indigenous raw materials at rates set by the Board; iii. the net foreign exchange savings or earnings amount to at least US$500,000.00 annually during the first three(3) years of operation. CANNOT EXCEED 8 years EXPANDING FIRMS- 3 years from commercial operation, proportionate to expansion - not entitled to additional deduction due to labor expense 2. Additional Deduction for Labor Expense For the FIRST 5 YEARS Deduction of 50% of wages corresponding to the increment in the number of direct labor for skilled and unskilled workers Additional deduction shall be DOUBLED if the activity is located in less developed areas as defined in Art. 40. 3. Provided: a. b. c. 70% of products for export not manufactured domestically reasonably needed and exclusively used by the registered enterprise EXCEPT upon prior approval for part-time use in a non-registered activity proportionate taxes are paid on the specific equipment and machinery being permanently used for non-registered activities Exemption From Taxes And Duties On Imported Spare Parts 100% EXEMPT from customs duties and NIR tax

Board approval was secured prior to importation of machinery

Board may require INTERNATIONAL CANVASSING but if value exceed $5 Million, the provisions of PD 1764 on INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVE BIDDING shall apply.

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Should the enterprise sell the machinery within 5 YEARS from importation, both the vendor and the vendee shall be liable to pay TWICE the tax exemption granted to it. EXCEPT if sale within 5 years is made to: 4. 5. a. b. c. 6. to another registered enterprise or registered domestic producer enjoying similar incentives; for reasons of proven technical obsolescence; or for purposes of replacement to improve and/or expand the operations of the registered enterprise. o o o Spouse and children below 21 shall be allowed entry to the Philippines A registered enterprise shall train Filipinos as understudies of foreign nationals in administrative, supervisory and technical skills. 2. 3. Simplification of customs procedures Importation of consigned equipment

No restriction as to use of equipment consigned to the registered enterprise upon payment of re-importation bond for the exclusive use of the registered enterprise if sold or transferred, rule on imported machinery shall apply 4. The privilege to operate a bonded manufacturing/trading warehouse

Exemption From Wharfage Dues And Export Tax, Duty, Impost And Fees Tax Exemption On Breeding Stocks And Genetic Materials not locally available or not available in a comparative price reasonably needed by the enterprise prior approval by Board secured Tax Credits on domestic equipment reasonable needed and exclusively used for registered business would have been tax-exempt had they been imported prior approval of Board secured made within 5 years from effectivity of Code

Importation of BREEDING STOCKS and GENETIC MATERIALS

Access to the utilization of the bonded warehousing system in all areas required by the project subject to such guidelines as may be issued by the Board upon prior consultation with the Bureau of Customs. TITLE IV INCENTIVES TO LESS-DEVELOPED-AREA REGISTERED ENTERPRISE LESS DEVELOPED AREA determined by the Board upon consultation with the NEDA and other government agencies CRITERIA: o o o o LOW PER CAPITA GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT LOW LEVEL OF INVESTMENTS HIGH RATE OF UNEMPLOYMENT AND/OR UNDEREMPLOYMENT LOW LEVEL OF INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT including its accessibility to developed urban centers, shall be entitled to the following incentives in addition to those provided in the preceding article. 1. Incentives for Necessary and Major Infrastructure and Public Facilities. Income Tax deduction equal to 100% of costs for necessary and major infrastructure works prior approval of the Board in consultation with other government agencies concerned; all such infrastructure works shall upon completion, be transferred to the Philippine Government

exempt from CONTRACTORS TAX on RAW MATERIALS equivalent to tax due on such Board may set a fixed percentage of export sales as tax reasonable needed and exclusively used for registered business would have been tax-exempt had they been imported prior approval of Board secured made within 10 years from registration on purchase of genetic material and breeding stocks

Incentves:

7. B. Non-Fiscal Incentives 1.

Additional Deductions from Taxable Income

Employment Of Foreign Nationals

Registered enterprise may employ foreign nationals in supervisory, technical or advisory positions for a period not exceeding five (5) years from its registration, extendible for limited periods at the discretion of the Board o if majority of shares owned by foreign nationals, the positions of PRESIDENT, TREASURER and GENERAL MANAGER maybe retained by foreign nationals. Types of Investment

any amount not deducted for a particular year may be carried over for deduction for subsequent years not exceeding ten (10) years from commercial operation. Nationality requirements not as strict in less developed areas

2.

a. Pioneer Areas of Investments

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(Initially owned by foreigners) Investments that are required to attain Filipino status (60% Filipino) within thirty (30) years or such longer period as the BOI may determine except enterprises whose production is 100% geared for exports. Foreign investments are allowed up to forty percent (40%) of the outstanding voting capital stock; may be higher if it exports at least 70% of its total production. Foreign Investments Act Philippine National 1. 2. citizen of the Philippines; of a domestic partnership or association wholly owned by citizens of the Philippines; a corporation organized under the laws of the Philippines of which at least sixty percent (60%) of the capital stock outstanding and entitled to vote is owned and held by citizens of the Philippines a corporation organized abroad and registered as doing business in the Philippines under the Corporation Code of which one hundred percent (100%) of the capital stock outstanding and entitled to vote is wholly owned by Filipinos or a trustee of funds for pension or other employee retirement or separation benefits, where the trustee is a Philippine national and at least sixty percent (60%) of the fund will accrue to the benefit of Philippine nationals: Provided, That where a corporation and its non-Filipino stockholders own stocks in a Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) registered enterprise, at least sixty percent (60%) of the capital stock outstanding and entitled to vote of each of both corporations must be owned and held by citizens of the Philippines and at least sixty percent (60%) of the members of the Board of Directors of each of both corporations must be citizens of the Philippines, in order that the corporation, shall be considered a "Philippine national. soliciting orders, service contracts, opening offices, whether called "liaison" offices or branches; appointing representatives or distributors domiciled in the Philippines or who in any calendar year stay in the country for a period or periods totaling one hundred eighty [180] days or Definition/ Description Capital Requirement Taxes more 2. 3. participating in the management, supervision or control of any domestic business, firm, entity or corporation in the Philippines; and any other act or acts that imply a continuity of commercial dealings or arrangements and contemplate to that extent the performance of acts or works, or the exercise of some of the functions normally incident to, and in progressive prosecution of commercial gain or of the purpose and object of the business organization: not mere investment as a shareholder by a foreign entity in domestic corporations duly registered to do business, and/or the exercise of rights as such investor; nor having a nominee director or officer to represent its interests in such corporation; nor appointing a representative or distributor domiciled in the Philippines which transacts business in its own name and for its own account;

b. Non-Pioneer Areas of Investments -

III.

4.

3.

Is a foreign corporation required to register with the SEC if it wants to do business in the Philippines? NO What are the consequences of not registering with the SEC? Foreign corporation not registered CANNOT SUE but can counter-sue should the Domestic Corporation file a case against it first Summary of Doing Business: The principles regarding the right of a foreign corporation to bring suit in Philippine courts may thus be condensed in four statements: (1) if a foreign corporation does business in the Philippines without a license, it cannot sue before the Philippine courts; (2) if a foreign corporation is not doing business in the Philippines, it needs no license to sue before Philippine courts on an isolated transaction or on a cause of action entirely independent of any business transaction; (3) if a foreign corporation does business in the Philippines without a license, a Philippine citizen or entity which has contracted with said corporation may be estopped from challenging the foreign corporations corporate personality in a suit brought before the Philippine courts; and (4) if a foreign corporation does business in the Philippines with the required license, it can sue before Philippine courts on any transaction. MR. Holdings, Ltd. V. Bajar, 380 SCRA 617 (2002); Agilent Technolgies Singapore (PTE) Ltd. v. Integrated Silicon Technology Phil. Corp., G.R No. 154618, 14 April (2004). Expenses Liabilities Deposit of Securities NONE required Establishment and Registration Costs: Filing fee: .2% of authorized capital stock but not less than P1,000 Legal Research fee: 1% of fling fee but not less than P10.00 By-laws fee: P500

Doing Business 1.

Modes of Investment Subsidiary -

incorporated and existing under the laws of the Philippines wholly owned or at least majority owned by a foreign parent company separate juridical entity from parent company

Minimum capital requirement = $200K EXCEPT: 1. advanced technology approved by DOST ($100K) 2. direct

Corporate Income Tax = 30% of NET income or MCIT (2% of GROSS income) Remittance of Dividends = 30% EXCEPT: 15% if country of parent company 1. grants 15% tax

Cannot pass to parent

Limited to assets of subsidiary

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employment of at least 50 persons ($100K) exports at least 60% of output sparing does not impose tax on dividends

2.

DST: P1 for each P200 par value of shares Additional Fees: a. P2,000 if registering under Foreign Investments Act b. Fees for permits and applications with BIR and DTI Filing fee: .2% of authorized capital stock but not less than P1,000 Legal Research fee: 1% of fling fee but not less than P10.00 Additional Fees: a. P2,000 if registering under Foreign Investments Act b. Fees for permits and applications with BIR and DTI Filing fee: .1% of actual inward remittance but not less than P2,000 Legal Research fee: 1% of fling fee but not less than P10.00 Fees for permits and applications with BIR and DTI

3.

Branch

extension of foreign corporation subject to NATIONALITY requirements in certain industries

Minimum capital requirement = $200K EXCEPT: 1. advanced technology approved by DOST ($100K) 2. direct employment of at least 50 persons ($100K)

Corporate Income Tax = 30% of NET income or MCIT (2% of GROSS income) Branch Profit Remittance Tax = 15% of total profits applied or earmarked for remittance without deduction of tax component (shall not include income derived from activity not related to business)

Parent company can allocate to its branch a proportional part of branchs expenses

Parent answerable to liabilities incurred by branch

Deposit Government Securities = at least P100K with SEC within 60 days from issuance of license Additional securities= 2% of the gross income in excess of P5M within 6 months after each fiscal year NONE required

Representative Office

promotes products of parent company but cannot enter into contracts with local entities on behalf of parent company does not derive income from the Philippines contracts must be entered into by the HEAD OFFICE and the local entity

Amount initially remitted = at least $30, 000

NO TAX LIABILITY

No allocation from parent

Acceptable activities of a representative office: a. dissemination of foreign market information; b. promotion for export of Philippine products c. acting as a message centre or a communication centre between interested parties and the head office;

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promotion of products presently being distributed in the Philippines; e. to render, assist and give technical know-how and training to existing and future customers of the Company's products; f. to provide and facilitate better communication and contact between its head office and affiliated companies on one hand and present and future customers on the other; g. to inform potential customers of price quotations of the head office and affiliated companies; h. to conduct and make surveys and studies of the market, economic and financial conditions in the Philippines; i. attend to the needs of endusers of its products in the Philippines. principally acts as a supervision, communications and coordination center for the subsidiaries, branches or affiliates of a multinational company in the Asia-Pacific Region. not allowed to do business or earn income from the host country does not deal directly with the clients of the parent company, Branch office established in the Philippines engaged in any one of the following services: a. general administration and planning; b. business planning and coordination; d.

Regional or Area Headquarters

Not less than $50,000 or its equivalent in an acceptable currency

NO income tax if it does not derive income from the Philippines Employees of RAH = 15% of gross income or NIRC rates

Expenses financed by the parent company; Not less than $50,000

Liabilities shouldered by parent company

NONE required

Filing fee: P5,000 Legal Research fee: 1% of fling fee but not less than P10.00 BOI requirement of annual inward remittance = Not less than $50,000 for expenses

Regional Operating Headquarters

Not less than $200K or its equivalent in an acceptable currency

Income Tax = 10% of taxable income Branch Profit Remittance Tax = 15% of total profits applied or earmarked for remittance without deduction of tax

Expenses finance by parent should income earned from operations be insufficient

Liabilities shouldered by parent company

NONE required

Filing fee: 1% of actual remittance but not less than 1% of the Philippine currency equivalent of $200K Legal Research fee: 1% of

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c. sourcing and procurement of raw materials and components; corporate finance advisory services; marketing control and sales promotion; training and personnel management; logistic services; research and development services and product development; technical support and maintenance; data processing and communication; business development. It refers to a foreign business entity which is allowed to derive income in the Philippines by performing qualifying services to its affiliates, subsidiaries or branches in the Philippines, in the AsiaPacific Region and in other foreign markets. Regional operating headquarters are prohibited from offering qualifying services to entities other than their affiliates, branches or subsidiaries a cooperative arrangement of corporations, whether foreign or domestic, to jointly perform a single, specific undertaking or project with each of the partners contributing to the performance subject to NATIONALITY requirements for certain industries component (shall not include income derived from activity not related to business) Employees of ROHQ = 15% of gross income or NIRC rates fling fee but not less than P10.00

d. e. f. g.

h. i. j. -

Joint Venture

If foreign interest exceeds 40%, minimum capital requirement = $200K EXCEPT: 1. advanced technology approved by DOST ($100K) 2. direct employment of at least 50 persons ($100K) 3. exports at

Corporate Income Tax = 30% of NET income or MCIT (2% of GROSS income) Dividends = 30% EXCEPT: 15% if country of parent company 1. grants 15% tax sparing 2. does not impose tax on dividends

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least 60% of output Purchase of stocks in Existing Corporation the foreign corporation may take advantage of the goodwill already generated by the domestic corporation, as an ongoing concern subject to NATIONALITY requirements Corporate Income Tax = 30% of NET income or MCIT (2% of GROSS income) Tax on the Sale of Shares of Stock: Unlisted corporation, Capital Gains Tax = 5% of the first P 100,000.00 and 10% for the excess above P 100,000.00 of net gain. traded and listed in the Philippine Stock Exchange, = 1/2 of 1% of the value of the stock sold Exchange of property for stock where party gains control of stock TAX FREE Dividends = 30% EXCEPT: 15% if country of parent company 1. grants 15% tax sparing 2. does not impose tax on dividends NONE Required DST: P1 for each P200 par value of shares Subsequent sale: DST = .75 centavos for each or fractional part of par value

Merger or Consolidation

merger occurs when one or more existing corporations are absorbed by another corporation which survives and continues the combined business. Consolidation occurs when two or more existing corporations consolidate or join their businesses to form a new, single, consolidated corporation. Subject to constitutional prohibition against monopolies and restraint of trade

Merger or consolidation NOT TAXABLE New corporation liable for CIT= 30%

shouldered by surviving corporation

shouldered by surviving corporation

NONE required

Filing fee: .2% of authorized capital stock but not less than P3,000 Merger with application to increase capital stock: .2% of increase in capital stock or subscription price OR .2% of authorized capital stock but not less than P3,000 whichever is higher Consolidated companys authorized capital stock different from total equity of constituent corporations: 2% of capital stock in constituent corporations OR

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.2% of capital stock or subscription price but not less than P1,000 whichever is higher Legal Research fee: 1% of fling fee but not less than P10.00 By-laws fee: P500 DST: P1 for each P200 par value of shares Fees for permits and applications with BIR and DTI Filing fee: P2,500 Registration fee: P2,500

Technology Transfer Arrangement

Refers to contracts or agreements entered into involving the: a. transfer of systematic knowledge for the manufacture of a product or the application of a process; rendering of a service, including management contracts; transfer, assignment or licensing of all forms of intellectual property rights, including licensing of computer software, except computer software developed for mass market. no longer required to be registered if it complies with IP Code should not have adverse effects on competition and trade must provide for effective quality control by the licensor over the product or service covered by the contract must allow continued access to improvements in the transferred technology

Income Tax = 30% can be reduced to at most 10% by treaty Royalty subject to 12% VAT

No allocation

NOT shouldered by foreign corporation

NONE required

b.

c.

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Management Contract foreign corporation shall undertake to manage all or substantially all of the business of a domestic corporation. Period: only 5 years/ term Domestic enterprises engaging in wholly or partially nationalized activities cannot enter into a management contract with a foreign corporation. Only expenses of foreign corporation Only liabilities of foreign corporation NONE required Need not be registered because it is a PRIVATE CONTRACT. must be disclosed

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