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    Erosion: by Steve Kelsch

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    Gabriel Humpire
    Erosion is a morphological operation that removes pixels from the edges of objects in an image similar to dilation but with the opposite effect, and it can be used to separate distinct objects, remove noise, and perform edge detection. Binary erosion utilizes set theory and a structuring element to determine if foreground pixels remain set based on the values of neighboring pixels under the structuring element, while grayscale erosion smooths small light regions by taking the minimum value of the difference between a local image region and grayscale mask.

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    Erosion: by Steve Kelsch

    Uploaded by

    Gabriel Humpire
    48 views21 pages
    Erosion is a morphological operation that removes pixels from the edges of objects in an image similar to dilation but with the opposite effect, and it can be used to separate distinct objects, remove noise, and perform edge detection. Binary erosion utilizes set theory and a structuring element to determine if foreground pixels remain set based on the values of neighboring pixels under the structuring element, while grayscale erosion smooths small light regions by taking the minimum value of the difference between a local image region and grayscale mask.

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    042105_02

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    Erosion is a morphological operation that removes pixels from the edges of objects in an image similar to dilation but with the opposite effect, and it can be used to separate distinct objects, remove noise, and perform edge detection. Binary erosion utilizes set theory and a structuring element to determine if foreground pixels remain set based on the values of neighboring pixels under the structuring element, while grayscale erosion smooths small light regions by taking the minimum value of the difference between a local image region and grayscale mask.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    48 views21 pages

    Erosion: by Steve Kelsch

    Uploaded by

    Gabriel Humpire
    Erosion is a morphological operation that removes pixels from the edges of objects in an image similar to dilation but with the opposite effect, and it can be used to separate distinct objects, remove noise, and perform edge detection. Binary erosion utilizes set theory and a structuring element to determine if foreground pixels remain set based on the values of neighboring pixels under the structuring element, while grayscale erosion smooths small light regions by taking the minimum value of the difference between a local image region and grayscale mask.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 21

    Erosion

    By Steve Kelsch
    What is Erosion?
    „ Morphological Operation
    „ Similar in nature to Dilation, but opposite effect

    „ Removal of Pixels from the Edges of


    Objects within an Image

    „ Types: Binary and Grayscale Erosion


    Uses for Erosion
    „ Used in Commercial "machine vision"
    systems

    „ Separating distinct objects in an image

    „ Removing ‘salt’ noise from images (grayscale)

    „ Edge Detection
    Separating Objects for Counting

    Apply Erosion
    Edge Detection

    • Subtract Eroded Image from Original to Find Edges

    ORIGINAL (ORIGINAL – ERODED)


    How Binary Erosion Works
    „ Utilizes set theory principles
    Set A = Original Image
    Set B = Structuring Element (Similar to
    a Mask)

    Erosion of A by B is the set of points x such that


    B translated by x is contained in A.
    How Binary Erosion Works – ex.

    Original Image 3x3 Structuring Element Eroded Image


    (SET A) (SET B)
    How Binary Erosion Works…
    „ “Active elements” of structuring elements
    assume the same binary values as the
    foreground pixels of the image.

    i.e. Foreground pixels of original image, and the active


    elements of the structuring element contain the value 1.
    A Structuring Element (3x3)

    The Structuring traverses


    each pixel in the original
    image, and the output value
    of each pixel is set at the
    origin of the structuring
    element.
    Rules of Binary Erosion
    „ If the input pixel is set to foreground and
    all its 8 neighbors are also set to
    foreground, then the pixel remains set to
    foreground.
    3x3 Structuring
    INPUT IMAGE Element

    OUTPUT PIXEL
    REMAINS 1
    Rules of Binary Erosion cont..
    „ If the Input pixel is set to foreground, but
    at least one of its 8 neighbors is not, the
    output pixel is set to background.
    3x3 Structuring Element
    INPUT IMAGE OUTPUT IMAGE

    OUTPUT PIXEL
    IS SET TO 0
    Rules of Binary Erosion
    „ Input pixels set to background remain
    such.
    3x3 Structuring Element

    INPUT IMAGE OUTPUT IMAGE

    OUTPUT PIXEL
    REMAINS 0
    Combining Erosion with Dilation

    „ Example: to Eliminate Irrelevant Detail in


    an Image
    ORIGINAL ERODED DILATED
    Grayscale Erosion
    „ Grayscale erosion is used to smooth small light regions. It is
    defined as the minimum of the difference of a local region of an
    image and a grayscale mask. The shape of the input mask
    (known as the structuring element, or SE) is generally chosen
    to emphasize or de-emphasize elements in the image.

    „ General Effects of Grayscale Erosion:


    1. If all the values in the structuring element are positive, the output
    image tends to be darker than the input.
    2. Light elements within the image are reduced or eliminated,
    depending on how their shapes relate to the structuring element
    used.

    „ The degree of these effects depends greatly on the shape and


    values within the structuring element and by the details within
    the image itself.
    Grayscale Erosion Morphology

    I = Original Image
    H = Structuring Element
    How Grayscale Erosion works
    Grayscale Erosion
    Elimination of Bright Spots -> Dark spots expand slightly
    Grayscale Erosion vs Dilation
    Project Progress
    „ Goals:
    „ To implement Binary Erosion with arbitrary SE sizes
    and value orientation
    „ Look into Implementation of Grayscale Erosion

    „ Progress
    „ Researched Matlab’s built in functionality
    „ Determined Parameters: Mask (SE), Binary Image
    „ Early Stages of Implementation
    Conclusions about Erosion
    „ Morphological

    „ Can be either binary or grayscale

    „ SE (Structuring elements acts as mask)

    „ Binary Erosion of A by B is the set of points x such that


    B translated by x is contained in A.

    „ Grayscale Erosion at pixel U is the min value in the


    neighborhood where the SE values are subtracted from
    the image.
    Comments or Questions

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