How To Write An English Commentary

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THE COMlVIENTARY
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Preliminary to the commentary

Step 1. Read the poem/passage carefully three times:


*silently, for first impression of total effect
*aloud, noting shifts of pattern, thought, voice, tone, and flow
*again, to reinforce or adjust first impression

Step 2. Usually for prose (likely to be part of a longer work), and


sometimes for a piece of a longer poem
f *Tryto identifythe nature of the whole:whatkind of a prose
work?
Fiction? Non-fiction? Type, purpose, audience?
*Try to assess the function of THIS part: what is this excerpt
doing on its own? In the whole?
(In the Exam or Oral, ask yourself why the teacher/examiner
chose it.)

Step 3. Go through your CLOSE READ'ING questions:


WHO is speaking?
TO WHOM?
WHAT? (situation) WHY? (purpose)
WHERE? WHEN? (setting)
HOW? (tone, style)
PATTERNS? (stmcture, form)
TENSION? (conflicts, contrasts, ironies)
SO WHAT? (dominant effect)

Composin2 the commentary

Step 4. Look again at "SO WHAT?" and taking this dominant effect
as your thesis, select relevant details of evidence to support your argument and to
include in your commentary. Be sure to include no detail without relating it to its
specific effect and place ih the whole.
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NOTE, however, that if several details observed in Step 3 do
NO'IIsupport your idea you need to think again and explore
further. Don't force a point of view.

Organize your commentary in any way that suits your argument, but let
the passage or poem guide you to the shaping of your commentary. There
is no formula.
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