INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

DATA SHEET

TDA1023/T Proportional-control triac triggering circuit

Product specication Supersedes data of August 1982 File under Integrated Circuits, IC02 May 1991

Philips Semiconductors

Product specication

Proportional-control triac triggering circuit

FEATURES Adjustable width of proportional range Adjustable hysteresis Adjustable width of trigger pulse Adjustable repetition timing of firing burst Control range translation facility Fail safe operation Supplied from the mains Provides supply for external temperature bridge GENERAL DESCRIPTION APPLICATIONS Panel heaters Temperature control

TDA1023/T

The TDA1023 is a bipolar integrated circuit for controlling triacs in a proportional time or burst firing mode. Permitting precise temperature control of heating equipment it is especially suited to the control of panel heaters. It generates positive-going trigger pulses but complies with regulations regarding mains waveform distortion and RF interference.

QUICK REFERENCE DATA SYMBOL VCC VZ I16(AV) tw Tb -IOH(1) Tamb Note 1. Negative current is defined as conventional current flow out of a device. A negative output current is suited for positive triac triggering. ORDERING INFORMATION EXTENDED TYPE NUMBER TDA1023 TDA1023T Note 1. TDA1023: 16 DIL; plastic (SOT38); SOT38-1; 1996 November 27. 2. TDA1023T: 16 mini-pack; plastic (SO16; SOT109A); SOT109-1; 1996 November 27. PACKAGE PINS 16 16 PIN POSITION DIL mini-pack MATERIAL plastic plastic CODE SOT38(1) SO16; SOT109A(2) PARAMETER supply voltage (derived from mains voltage) stabilized supply voltage for temperature bridge supply current (average value) trigger pulse width ring burst repetition time at CT = 68 F output current operating ambient temperature range MIN. TYP. 20 13.7 8 10 200 41 MAX. 150 +75 UNIT V V mA s s mA C

May 1991

Philips Semiconductors

Product specication

Proportional-control triac triggering circuit

TDA1023/T

Fig.1 Block diagram.

PINNING SYMBOL Rpd

handbook, halfpage

PIN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

DESCRIPTION internal pull-down resistor not connected output hysteresis control input proportional range control input control input unbuffered reference input output of reference buffer buffered reference input pulse width control input reference supply output ring burst repetition time control input ground positive supply not connected external resistor connection

n.c.
Rpd 1 n.c. 2 Q 3 HYS 4 16 RX 15 n.c. 14 VCC

Q HYS PR CI UR QR BR PW VZ TB VEE VCC

TDA1023
PR 5 CI 6 UR 7 QR 8
MBA484

13 VEE 12 TB 11 VZ 10 PW 9 BR

Fig.2 Pin configuration.

n.c. RX

May 1991

Philips Semiconductors

Product specication

Proportional-control triac triggering circuit

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The TDA1023 generates pulses to trigger a triac. These pulses coincide with the zero excursions of the mains voltage, thus minimizing RF interference and mains supply transients. In order to gate the load on and off, the trigger pulses occur in bursts thus further reducing mains supply pollution. The average power in the load is varied by modifying the duration of the trigger pulse burst in accordance with the voltage difference between the control input CI and the reference input, either UR or BR. Power supply: VCC, RX and Vz (pins 14, 16 and 11) The TDA1023 is supplied from the AC mains via a resistor RD to the RX connection (pin 16); the VEE connection (pin 13) is linked to the neutral line (see Fig.4a). A smoothing capacitor CS should be coupled between the VCC and VEE connections. A rectifier diode is included between the RX and VCC connections whilst the DC supply voltage is limited by a chain of stabilizer diodes between the RX and VEE connections (see Fig.3). A stabilized reference voltage (VZ) is available at pin 11 to power an external temperature sensing bridge. Supply operation During the positive mains half-cycles the current through the external voltage dropping resistor RD charges the external smoothing capacitor CS until RX attains the stabilizing potential of the internal stabilizing diodes. RD should be selected to be capable of supplying the current ICC for the TDA1023, the average output current I3(AV), recharge the smoothing capacitor CS and provide the supply for an external temperature bridge. (see Figs 9 to 12). Any excess current is by-passed by the internal stabilizer diodes. The maximum rated supply current, however, must not be exceeded. During the negative mains half-cycles external smoothing capacitor CS supplies the sum of the current demand described above. Its capacitance must be sufficiently high to maintain the supply voltage above the specified minimum. Dissipation in resistor RD is halved by connecting a diode in series (see Fig.4b and 9 to 12). A further reduction in dissipation is possible by using a high quality dropping capacitor CD in series with a resistor RSD (see Figs 4c and 14). Protection of the TDA1023 and the triac against mains-borne transients can be provided by connecting a suitable VDR across the mains input.

TDA1023/T

Control and reference inputs CI, BR and UR (pins 6, 9 and 7) For the control of room temperature (5 C to 30 C) optimum performance is obtained by using the translation circuit. The buffered reference input BR (pin 9) is used as a reference input whilst the output reference buffer QR (pin 8) is connected to the unbuffered reference input UR (pin 7). This ensures that the range of room temperature is encompassed in most of the rotation of the potentiometer to give a linear temperature scale with accurate setting. Should the translation circuit not be required, the unbuffered reference input UR (pin 7) is used as a reference input. The buffered reference input BR (pin 9) must then be connected to the reference supply output VZ (pin 11). For proportional power control the unbuffered reference input UR (pin 7) must be connected to the firing burst repetition time control input TB (pin 12).The buffered reference input BR (pin 9), which is in this instance inactive, must then be connected to the reference supply output VZ (pin 11). Proportional range control input PR (pin 5) The output duty factor changes from 0% to 100% by a variation of 80 mV at the control input CI (pin 6) with the proportional range control input PR open. For temperature control this corresponds to a temperature difference of 1 K. By connecting the proportional range control input PR (pin 5) to ground the range may be increased to 400 mV, i.e. 5 K. Intermediate values may be obtained by connecting the PR input to ground via a resistor R5 (see Table 1). Hysteresis control input HYS (pin 4) With the hysteresis control input HYS (pin 4) open, the device has a built-in hysteresis of 20 mV. For temperature control this corresponds with 0.25 K. Hysteresis is increased to 320 mV, corresponding to 4 K, by grounding HYS (pin 4). Intermediate values are obtained by connecting pin 4 via resistor R4 to ground. Table 1 provides a set of values for R4 and R5 giving a fixed ratio between hysteresis and proportional range.

May 1991

Philips Semiconductors

Product specication

Proportional-control triac triggering circuit

Trigger pulse width control input PW (pin 10) The width of the trigger pulse may be adjusted to the value required for the triac by choosing the value of the external synchronization resistor RS between the trigger pulse width control input PW (pin 10) and the AC mains. The pulse width is inversely proportional to the input current (see Fig.13). Output Q (pin 3) Since the circuit has an open-emitter output it is capable of sourcing current. It is thus suited for generating positive-going trigger pulses. The output is current-limited and short-circuit protected. The maximum output current is 150 mA and the output pulses are stabilized at 10 V for output currents up to that value. To minimize the total supply current and power dissipation, a gate resistor RG must be connected between the output Q and the triac gate to limit the output current to the minimum required by the triac (see Figs 5 to 8). Pull-down resistor Rpd (pin 1) The TDA1023 includes a 1.75 k pull-down resistor Rpd between pins 1 and 13 (VEE, ground connection) intended for use with sensitive triacs. LIMITING VALUES In accordance with the Absolute Maximum System (IEC 134) SYMBOL VCC Supply current I16(AV) I16(RM) I16(SM) VI I6, 7, 9, 10 V1 V3, 8, 11 Output current -IOH(AV) -IOH(M) Ptot Tstg Tamb average peak max. 300 s total power dissipation storage temperature range operating ambient temperature range 55 20 30 700 500 +150 +75 average repetitive peak non-repetitive peak (tp < 50 s) input voltage, all inputs input current voltage on Rpd connection output voltage, Q, QR, VZ 30 100 2 16 10 16 16 PARAMETER DC supply voltage MIN. 16 MAX.

TDA1023/T

UNIT V

mA mA A V mA V V

mA mA mW C C

May 1991

Philips Semiconductors

Product specication

Proportional-control triac triggering circuit

CHARACTERISTICS VCC = 11 to 16 V; Tamb = 20 to +75 C unless otherwise specied SYMBOL Supply VCC internally stabilized supply voltage at I16 = 10 mA supply current at V16-13 = 11 to 16 V; I10 = 1mA; f = 50 Hz; pin 11 open; V6-13 > V7-13 pins 4 and 5 open 12 13.7 30 PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN.

TDA1023/T

TYP.

MAX.

UNIT

15 6

V mV/mA mA

VCC/I16 variation with I16 I16

pins 4 and 5 grounded Reference supply output VZ (pin 11) for external temperature bridge V11-13 I11 V6-13 I6, 7, 9 V6 V6 V6 V6 tw output voltage output current

7.1 1 2

mA

V mA

Control and reference inputs CI, BR and UR (pins 6, 9 and 7) input voltage to inhibit the output input current V1 = 4 V pin 4 open pin 4 grounded 7.6 V A

Hysteresis control input HYS (pin 4) hysteresis hysteresis 9 20 320 40 mV mV

Proportional control range input PR (pin 5) proportional range proportional range pin 5 open pin 5 grounded 50 80 400 130 mV mV s

Pulse width control input PW (pin 10) pulse width I10(RMS) = 1mA; f = 50 Hz 100 200 300

Firing burst repetition time control input TB (pin 12) TbCT ring burst repetition time, ratio to capacitor CT output voltage at input voltage: V8-13 V8-13 V8-13 Output Q (pin 3) VOH IOH output voltage HIGH output current HIGH IOH = 150 mA 10 150 V mA V9-13 = 1.6 V V9-13 = 4.8 V V9-13 = 8 V 3.2 4.8 6.4 V V V 320 600 960 ms/F

Output of reference buffer QR (pin 8)

Internal pull-down resistor Rpd (pin 1) Rpd resistance to VEE 1 1.75 3 k

May 1991

Philips Semiconductors

Product specication

Proportional-control triac triggering circuit

Table 1 Adjustment of proportional range and hysteresis. Combinations of resistor values giving hysteresis > 14 proportional range. Proportional range resistor R5 mV 80 160 240 320 400 Table 2 Timing capacitor values CT Marked AC specication k open 3.3 1.1 0.43 0 mV 20 40 60 80 100 Minimum hysteresis

TDA1023/T

Proportional range

Maximum hysteresis resistor R4 k open 9.1 4.3 2.7 1.8

Effective DC value

Catalogue number(1)

F 68 47 33 22 15 10 Note

F 47 33 22 15 10 6.8

V 25 40 25 40 25 40 2222 016 90129 - - 90131 - 015 90102 - - 90101 - - 90099 - - 90098

1. Special electrolytic capacitors recommended for use with the TDA1023.

handbook, halfpage

RX 16

14

VCC

STABILIZER

11 V Z

13 VEE

MBA483

Fig.3 Internal supply connections.

May 1991

Philips Semiconductors

Product specication

Proportional-control triac triggering circuit

TDA1023/T

handbook, full pagewidth

RSD VCC 14 CS RX 16

load (heater) AC mains voltage VS

TDA1023
13 V EE

RG

MBA470

a.

handbook, full pagewidth

D1
load (heater) RD VCC 14 CS 13 V EE RX 16 AC mains voltage VS

U
3

TDA1023

RG

MBA482

b.

handbook, full pagewidth

RSD CD BAW62 D1 VCC 14 CS 13 VEE

MBA469

load (heater) BAW62 D2 AC mains voltage VS

RX 16 3

TDA1023

RG

c.

Fig.4 Alternative supply arrangements.

May 1991

Philips Semiconductors

Product specication

Proportional-control triac triggering circuit

TDA1023/T

Fig.5 VS = 110 V, 50 Hz.

Fig.6 VS = 220 V, 50 Hz.

May 1991

Philips Semiconductors

Product specication

Proportional-control triac triggering circuit

TDA1023/T

Fig.7 VS = 240 V, 50Hz.

Fig.8 VS = 380 V, 50 Hz.

May 1991

10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specication

Proportional-control triac triggering circuit

TDA1023/T

Fig.9 VS = 110 V.

Fig.10 VS = 220 V.

May 1991

11

Philips Semiconductors

Product specication

Proportional-control triac triggering circuit

TDA1023/T

Fig.11 VS = 240 V.

Fig.12 VS = 380 V.

May 1991

12

Philips Semiconductors

Product specication

Proportional-control triac triggering circuit

TDA1023/T

Fig.13 Synchronization resistor Rs as a function of required trigger pulse width tw with a mains voltage Vs as a parameter.

Fig.14 Nominal value of voltage dropping capacitor CD and power PRSD dissipated in a voltage dropping resistor RSD as a function of average supply current I16 (AV) with the mains supply voltage VS as a parameter.

May 1991

13

Philips Semiconductors

Product specication

Proportional-control triac triggering circuit

TDA1023/T

handbook, full pagewidth

D1
load (heater) RD VCC R1 CS VZ CI BR C1 R NTC Rp 11 6 9 14 RX 16 RS PW 10 3 Q 1 R pd RG triac line AC mains voltage VS neutral

TDA1023
13 8 7 4 5 12 VEE QR UR HYS PR TB

CT
MBA513

Conditions:- Mains supply; VS = 220 V; Temperature range = 5 to 30 C. BT139 data at Tj = 25 C; Vgt < 1.5 V; Igt > 70 mA; IL < 60 mA

Fig.15 The TDA1023/T used in a 1200 to 2000 W heater with triac BT139. For component values see Table 3.

May 1991

14

Philips Semiconductors

Product specication

Proportional-control triac triggering circuit

Table 3 Temperature controller component values (see Fig.15). Notes 1, 2 PARAMETER trigger pulse width synchronization resistor gate resistor max. average gate current hysteresis resistor proportional band resistor min. required supply current mains dropping resistor power dissipated in RD timing capacitor (eff. value) voltage dependent resistor rectier diode resistor to pin 11 NTC thermistor (at 25 C) potentiometer capacitor between pins 6 and 9 smoothing capacitor 1% tolerance B = 4200 K cat no. 2322 642 12223 see Fig.10 see Fig.10 see Table 2 cat. no. 2322 593 62512 see Fig.13 see Fig.6 see Fig.8 see Table 1 see Table 1 REMARKS see BT139 data sheet

TDA1023/T

SYMBOL tw RS RG I3(AV) R4 R5 I16(AV) RD PRD CT VDR D1 R1 RNTC Rp C1 CS

VALUE 75 s 180 k 110 4.1 mA n.c. n.c. 11.1 mA 6.2 k 4.6 W 68 F 250 V AC BYW56 18.7 k 22 k 22 k 47 nF 220 F; 16 V

If RD and D1 are replaced by CD and RSD CD RSD PRSD VDR Notes 1. ON/OFF control: pin 12 connected to pin 13. 2. If translation circuit is not required: slider of Rp to pin 7; pin 8 open; pin 9 connected to pin 11. mains dropping capacitor series dropping resistor power dissipated in RSD voltage dependent resistor see Fig.14 cat. no. 2322 594 62512 470 nF 390 0.6 W 250 V AC

May 1991

15

Philips Semiconductors

Product specication

Proportional-control triac triggering circuit

PACKAGE OUTLINES DIP16: plastic dual in-line package; 16 leads (300 mil); long body

TDA1023/T

SOT38-1

D seating plane

ME

A2

A1

c Z e b1 b 16 9 MH w M (e 1)

pin 1 index E

5 scale

10 mm

DIMENSIONS (inch dimensions are derived from the original mm dimensions) UNIT mm inches Note 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.25 mm maximum per side are not included. OUTLINE VERSION SOT38-1 REFERENCES IEC 050G09 JEDEC MO-001AE EIAJ EUROPEAN PROJECTION A max. 4.7 0.19 A1 min. 0.51 0.020 A2 max. 3.7 0.15 b 1.40 1.14 0.055 0.045 b1 0.53 0.38 0.021 0.015 c 0.32 0.23 0.013 0.009 D (1) 21.8 21.4 0.86 0.84 E (1) 6.48 6.20 0.26 0.24 e 2.54 0.10 e1 7.62 0.30 L 3.9 3.4 0.15 0.13 ME 8.25 7.80 0.32 0.31 MH 9.5 8.3 0.37 0.33 w 0.254 0.01 Z (1) max. 2.2 0.087

ISSUE DATE 92-10-02 95-01-19

May 1991

16

Philips Semiconductors

Product specication

Proportional-control triac triggering circuit

TDA1023/T

SO16: plastic small outline package; 16 leads; body width 3.9 mm

SOT109-1

A X

c y HE v M A

Z 16 9

Q A2 A1 pin 1 index Lp 1 e bp 8 w M L detail X (A 3) A

2.5 scale

5 mm

DIMENSIONS (inch dimensions are derived from the original mm dimensions) UNIT mm inches A max. 1.75 A1 0.25 0.10 A2 1.45 1.25 A3 0.25 0.01 bp 0.49 0.36 c 0.25 0.19 D (1) 10.0 9.8 E (1) 4.0 3.8 0.16 0.15 e 1.27 HE 6.2 5.8 L 1.05 Lp 1.0 0.4 0.039 0.016 Q 0.7 0.6 0.028 0.020 v 0.25 0.01 w 0.25 0.01 y 0.1 Z (1) 0.7 0.3

0.010 0.057 0.069 0.004 0.049

0.019 0.0100 0.39 0.014 0.0075 0.38

0.244 0.050 0.041 0.228

0.028 0.004 0.012

8 0o

Note 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.15 mm maximum per side are not included. OUTLINE VERSION SOT109-1 REFERENCES IEC 076E07S JEDEC MS-012AC EIAJ EUROPEAN PROJECTION

ISSUE DATE 95-01-23 97-05-22

May 1991

17

Philips Semiconductors

Product specication

Proportional-control triac triggering circuit

SOLDERING Introduction There is no soldering method that is ideal for all IC packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when through-hole and surface mounted components are mixed on one printed-circuit board. However, wave soldering is not always suitable for surface mounted ICs, or for printed-circuits with high population densities. In these situations reflow soldering is often used. This text gives a very brief insight to a complex technology. A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can be found in our IC Package Databook (order code 9398 652 90011). DIP SOLDERING BY DIPPING OR BY WAVE The maximum permissible temperature of the solder is 260 C; solder at this temperature must not be in contact with the joint for more than 5 seconds. The total contact time of successive solder waves must not exceed 5 seconds. The device may be mounted up to the seating plane, but the temperature of the plastic body must not exceed the specified maximum storage temperature (Tstg max). If the printed-circuit board has been pre-heated, forced cooling may be necessary immediately after soldering to keep the temperature within the permissible limit. REPAIRING SOLDERED JOINTS Apply a low voltage soldering iron (less than 24 V) to the lead(s) of the package, below the seating plane or not more than 2 mm above it. If the temperature of the soldering iron bit is less than 300 C it may remain in contact for up to 10 seconds. If the bit temperature is between 300 and 400 C, contact may be up to 5 seconds. SO REFLOW SOLDERING Reflow soldering techniques are suitable for all SO packages. Reflow soldering requires solder paste (a suspension of fine solder particles, flux and binding agent) to be applied to the printed-circuit board by screen printing, stencilling or pressure-syringe dispensing before package placement.

TDA1023/T

Several techniques exist for reflowing; for example, thermal conduction by heated belt. Dwell times vary between 50 and 300 seconds depending on heating method. Typical reflow temperatures range from 215 to 250 C. Preheating is necessary to dry the paste and evaporate the binding agent. Preheating duration: 45 minutes at 45 C. WAVE SOLDERING Wave soldering techniques can be used for all SO packages if the following conditions are observed: A double-wave (a turbulent wave with high upward pressure followed by a smooth laminar wave) soldering technique should be used. The longitudinal axis of the package footprint must be parallel to the solder flow. The package footprint must incorporate solder thieves at the downstream end. During placement and before soldering, the package must be fixed with a droplet of adhesive. The adhesive can be applied by screen printing, pin transfer or syringe dispensing. The package can be soldered after the adhesive is cured. Maximum permissible solder temperature is 260 C, and maximum duration of package immersion in solder is 10 seconds, if cooled to less than 150 C within 6 seconds. Typical dwell time is 4 seconds at 250 C. A mildly-activated flux will eliminate the need for removal of corrosive residues in most applications. REPAIRING SOLDERED JOINTS Fix the component by first soldering two diagonallyopposite end leads. Use only a low voltage soldering iron (less than 24 V) applied to the flat part of the lead. Contact time must be limited to 10 seconds at up to 300 C. When using a dedicated tool, all other leads can be soldered in one operation within 2 to 5 seconds between 270 and 320 C.

May 1991

18

Philips Semiconductors

Product specication

Proportional-control triac triggering circuit

DEFINITIONS Data sheet status Objective specication Preliminary specication Product specication Limiting values

TDA1023/T

This data sheet contains target or goal specications for product development. This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published later. This data sheet contains nal product specications.

Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of the specication is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Application information Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specication. LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale.

May 1991

19