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    Cosmetics and Toiletries

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    The document discusses methods for dispersing and hydrating Carbopol, a thickening agent used in cosmetics. It describes problems with conventional mixing methods and proposes using high shear mixers to solve issues like poor dispersion and aeration. Various Silverson mixer models are presented as solutions for different batch sizes and product viscosities.

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    Cosmetics and Toiletries

    Uploaded by

    popmart21
    148 views4 pages
    The document discusses methods for dispersing and hydrating Carbopol, a thickening agent used in cosmetics. It describes problems with conventional mixing methods and proposes using high shear mixers to solve issues like poor dispersion and aeration. Various Silverson mixer models are presented as solutions for different batch sizes and product viscosities.

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    dispersion and hydration of carbopol by supplier

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    cosmetics and toiletries

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    The document discusses methods for dispersing and hydrating Carbopol, a thickening agent used in cosmetics. It describes problems with conventional mixing methods and proposes using high shear mixers to solve issues like poor dispersion and aeration. Various Silverson mixer models are presented as solutions for different batch sizes and product viscosities.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    148 views4 pages

    Cosmetics and Toiletries

    Uploaded by

    popmart21
    The document discusses methods for dispersing and hydrating Carbopol, a thickening agent used in cosmetics. It describes problems with conventional mixing methods and proposes using high shear mixers to solve issues like poor dispersion and aeration. Various Silverson mixer models are presented as solutions for different batch sizes and product viscosities.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    APPLICATION REPORT

    Solutions for Your

    COSMETICS & TOILETRIES


    Introduction The Process

    MIXING

    TOUGHEST Applications in

    Dispersion and Hydration of Carbopol

    The Problem The Solution The Advantages

    HIGH SHEAR MIXERS/EMULSIFIERS

    COSMETICS
    The Process

    Dispersion and Hydration of Carbopol


    Carbopol* is a water soluble vinyl polymer, used as an emulsifying, stabilizing, suspending, thickening and gelling agent in many industries. Carbopol is available in several different grades, which are widely used in manufacture of cosmetics and toiletries, including gels, creams and lotions, detergents, and air fresheners. The gelling effect is activated in two stages, firstly the dispersion and hydration of the Carbopol, and secondly neutralizing the solution by the addition of chemicals which increase the pH. Neutralizing agents include triethanolamine (TEA), sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.

    Manufacturing methods vary according to the type of product, but can generally one of two methods would be used: Direct Dispersion The Carbopol is added to water (the aqueous phase) and mixed until a lump-free dispersion is obtained. Other aqueous phase ingredients e.g. active ingredients, fragrance, color etc. would then be added. If the product is an emulsion this would then be combined with the oil phase. Finally the neutralizing agent would be added, activating the gelling effect. Typically a slow speed stirrer/scraper would be used for this stage. Indirect Dispersion The Carbopol is premixed with the oil phase liquid. This reduces the tendency of the polymer to agglomerate. Remaining oil phase ingredients are then added. The aqueous phase is prepared separately; in some cases the neutralizing agent is added to the aqueous phase, alternatively it is added to the product as the two phases are combined, forming the emulsion and activating the gelling effect.

    The Problem
    Carbopol is generally supplied as a very light, low density powder. It tends to float when added to water, requiring vigorous agitation to be incorporated. This can cause dusting problems. When added to the water, Carbopol tends to form agglomerates which are not readily dispersed. Some powders have poor flow properties, making controlled powder addition difficult. While some grades display no significant increase in viscosity until neutralized, others start to thicken immediately, making addition of powder increasingly difficult. Long mixing times are required to complete dispersion/hydration. Aeration can create a persistent foam which may require chemical additives to disperse. Entrained air is virtually impossible to remove, clouding clear gels and causing problems where packaging is filled by volume rather than weight. Potential full yield is difficult to obtain with conventional agitation; many formulations contain unnecessarily high levels of carbomer to compensate for this. Prolonged exposure to intense high shear can damage the polymer, reducing viscosity. *Registered trademark of Noveon, Inc.

    The Solution
    These problems can be overcome using a Silverson high shear mixer to disperse the Carbopol and other ingredients, and for emulsifying oil and aqueous liquid phases. Dispersion Dispersion is completed in a fraction of the time taken by conventional means, avoiding the risk of overshearing the polymer. Operation is described below. Neutralization Silverson mixers can be used for the neutralization stage, depending on percentage and grade of carbomer. For high viscosity products, a low shear stirrer/scraper would be used.

    The vessel is charged with appropriate base fluid.The mixer is started, and the solid/ powdered ingredients are added. The powerful suction created by the high speed rotation of the rotor draws liquid and solids into the workhead where they are rapidly mixed.

    STAGE 1

    STAGE 2

    The solids are de-agglomerated in the precision machined workhead before being forced out through the stator and circulated back into the mix. Simultaneously fresh material is drawn into the workhead.

    STAGE 3
    The Advantages

    Once the powdered ingredients have been fully dispersed in the "continuous" liquid phase, the "dispersed" phase is added.The high shear mixing action of the workhead rapidly forms a uniform and stable emulsion before the viscosity increase is activated.

    Agglomerate-free mix Maximized yield of raw material as carbomer is correctly dispersed Minimized aeration Consistent product quality and repeatability High speed dispersion keeps mixing times to a minimum, avoiding overshearing of polymer

    The batch size, the grade and percentage of carbomer, and the product viscosity (dependant on pH of solution before neutralization) dictate which Silverson mixer is most suitable for individual process requirements: High Shear Batch Mixers Suitable for batch sizes up to 400 gallons. Can be used on mobile floor stands for portability. Sealed units available for pressure/vacuum operation Small units available for R&D and pilot production.

    Pipeline return below fluid level to prevent aeration

    High Shear In-Line mixers. Must be used in conjunction with an efficient in-tank agitator to wet out powder Aeration-free Easily retro-fitted to existing process Self-pumping, depending on product viscosity High viscosity products can be handled in combination with a positive displacement pump Multistage units available Ultra Hygienic units available Flashblend Ideal for larger batches Capable of rapidly incorporating large volumes of powder Minimized aeration Minimized cleaning requirements Minimum operator input required Easily automated Optional hopper flow aids available High Shear Bottom Entry Mixers Suitable for use on high viscosity creams in conjunction with an anchor stirrer/scraper.

    Agitator for in-tank uniformity

    Silverson In-Line Mixer

    Pipeline return configured to minimize air entrainment

    Agitator for in-tank uniformity

    Powder Feed Hopper

    Centrifugal Pump

    Venturi Assembly

    In-Line Mixer

    Stirrer/Scraper Unit

    Silverson Bottom Entry Mixer

    Silverson Machines,Inc. 355 Chestnut Street, East Longmeadow, MA 01028 Ph: (413) 525-4825 Fax:(413) 525-5804 www.silverson.com

    Issue No.53TA2
    Information contained in this report is believed to be correct and is included as a guide only. No warranty is expressed or implied as to fitness for use or freedom from patents. Silverson Machines reserve the right to change product specification without notice.

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