Unit two -252- Chapter five

Multiple choice questions

Evaluation book:

Select the most correct answer:

1. The velocity of a fluid is inversely proportional to the cross sectional area

of the tube through which it flows. This statement means to(1):

a) Pascal’s principle

b) The continuity equation

c) Archimedes principle

2. The tangential force acting on a unit area of a liquid surface and

producing a unit change in velocity of two liquid layers at a unit normal

distance apart from each, this expresses(2):

a) The pressure

b) The coefficient of viscosity

c) Archimedes principle

3. The number of streamlines of a liquid passing through a unit area normal

to the liquid motion is(3):

a) Continuity equation

b) Liquid rate of mass flow

c) The principal streamline

d) The velocity of flow

4. The unit of the coefficient of viscosity of a liquid is(4):

a) Kg . m . S-1

b) Kg . m-1 . S-1

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Unit two -253- Chapter five

c) Kg . m-1 . S

d) Kg . m2 S-1

5. (Pascal . second) is equivalent to the unit of(5):

a) The pressure

b) Rate of liquid flow

c) The coefficient of viscosity of a liquid

6. (Newton second m-2) is the unit equivalent to the unit of(6):

a) The pressure

b) The rate of flow of a liquid

c) The coefficient of viscosity of a liquid

7. At higher velocities of a car, the air resistance due to its viscosity is

directly proportional to(7):

a) The velocity of the car

b) Reciprocal of the velocity of the car

c) The square of the velocity of the car

d) Reciprocal of the square of the velocity of the car

8. The liquid resistance to the motion of bodies in it is(8):

a) Viscosity

b) The pressure inside a liquid

c) The transfer of liquids

9. Oil used for lubricating the movable parts of a machine has(9):

a) High ability of flow

b) Moderate ability of flow

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Unit two -254- Chapter five

c) Low ability of flow

d) Very small angle of contact

10. The unit for measuring the liquid mass flowing through the tube per unit

time(10):

a) m3/s

b) kg

c) kg/s2

d) kg/s

11. If the velocity of water in a tube of internal diameter 1.4 cm is 4 m/s, the

rate of the water flow is(11):

a) 6.16x10-6 m3/s

b) 6.16x10-4 m3/s

c) 6.16x10-5 m3/s

d) 0.0086 m3/s

Question from 1 to 3

You have five physical quantities

a) Cubic meter per second.

b) Kilogram per second

c) Newton per m2

d) Joule / m2

e) Kilogram . m-1 . S-1

Which of these quantities is used as a measure of:

1. (Egypt 96) The coefficient of viscosity of a liquid(12)

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Unit two -255- Chapter five

2. The rate of mass flow of a liquid(13)

3. The volume flow of a liquid per unit time(14).

Each question is followed by one or more correct answer

• When 1, 2 and 3 are correct, choose A

• When 1 and 2 are correct, choose B

• When 2 and 3 are correct, choose C

• When 1 only is correct, choose D

• When 3 only is correct, choose E

1. The streamlines are characterized by(15):

a) They do not cross over each other

b) They are far apart at high speeds

c) They are closer to each other at low speeds

2. In the shown figure(16):

a) The number of the streamlines

in the tube at (A1) is greater A1 A2

than that at (A2)

S1
S2
b) The density of the flow in the

tube A2 is equal to that in the tube A1

c) The rate off flow in the tube A2is equal to that in the tubeA1

3. The unit of the coefficient of viscosity of a liquid is(17):

a) Kg . m-1 S-1

b) Newton . m-1

c) Joule . m-2

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Unit two -256- Chapter five

Complete the following statements:

Additional questions:

1. The rate of flow of a liquid inside the tube = ..........

2. Viscosity of a liquid decreases by ..........(18)

Which of the following statements are right and

which are wrong? Rewrite the incorrect statements in
a correct form
Previous exams:

1. (Egypt 94) The continuity equation can be expressed by the following

relationship: (A1/A2)=(V1/V2)2.

Additional questions:

2. The unit of viscosity coefficient is Pascal sec2.

Write the scientific expression for each of the

following
Additional questions:

1. The path taken by a particle of a liquid inside a tube(19).

What is meant by
Evaluation book:

1. (Egypt 2000, Aug 2002) The coefficient of viscosity of a liquid = 0.05 N.sec.m-2

(kg.m-1s-1)(20)

2. The sedimentation rate of blood? And how it is used to detect some deceases?

3. Steady (or laminar) flow

4. Streamline

5. Continuity equation

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Unit two -257- Chapter five

Previous exams:

6. (Egypt 95) The tangential force acting on unit area to produce a unit change in

velocity of two liquid layers at a unit normal distance apart from each other.

7. (Egypt 99) The flow rate of a liquid = 3 x 10-2 kg/sec(21).

Define
School Book:

1. Fluid.

2. Viscosity.

3. Viscosity coefficient.

Previous exams:

4. (Egypt 98) The viscosity of the liquid.

5. (Egypt 2001) The steady flow of liquids.

6. (Egypt 90, 92, August 96, 97, 2001) The coefficient of viscosity of a liquid.

What happens with mention the reason for each of

the following when…?
Previous exams:

1. (August 2001) Exceeds the velocity of liquid flow a definite limited value in the

symmetrical cross sectional tube(22).

Give reasons
Evaluation book:

1. Oils of high viscosity are used in lubricating the moving metallic parts of

machines.

2. It is possible for a doctor to diagnose some deceases throughout the

measurement of the blood sedimentation rate.

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Unit two -258- Chapter five

3. The well expert driver do not increase the car speed more than a certain

limit to economize the fuel consumption

4. From God gifts the cross sectional area of the blood capillaries is larger

than the cross sectional area of the major.

5. When the viscosity of a fluid increases, its resistance to a solid body

motion through it increases.

6. The sedimentation rate of blood in case of rheumatic fever increases

while in case of anemia it decreases.

Previous exams:

1. (Egypt 94) The recommendation of not increasing the speed of cars beyond a

given limit on high way.

2. (August 97) In the steady flow the liquid will flow very slowly when the cross

sectional area is large and quickly if it is small.

3. (Egypt 95, 98) The blood flows slower in the capillaries rather than in the major

artery although the radius of the capillary is less than that of the major artery(23).

4. (Egypt 99) Water is not used to lubricate metallic machines, while oils with high

viscosity are used.

5. (Egypt 2001) The sedimentation rate increases in patients with rheumatic fever.

Additional questions:

6. The ends of firemen pipes have pointed ends(24).

Miscellaneous questions
School Book:

1. Prove that the velocity of flow at a given point inside the tube is inversely

proportional to the cross sectional area of the tube at that point.

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Unit two -259- Chapter five

2. Explain viscosity phenomenon.

3. What are the applications of viscosity?

Evaluation book:

4. What are the conditions necessary for a steady flow of a liquid through a tube?

Then prove that the velocity of flow at a given point inside the tube is inversely

proportional to the cross sectional area of the tube at that point.

5. Show how the viscosity of liquid affects each of the following: the liquid flow in a

tube – the motion of a solid body in the liquid.

6. What are the factors affecting the frictional force between two layers of a liquid in

motion – mention the relation between these factors?

7. What are the applications of viscosity?

Previous exams:

8. (August 99) Mention the physical quantities that measured by the following units:

kg/m.sec

9. (Egypt 2000) Write down the mathematical

relation, which is represented by each graph.

What does the slope of each line equal to?

10. (August 99, 2000, August 2002) Mention the

conditions required for the stream line (steady) flow of a liquid through a tube

filled with it(25).

Problems
School Book:

1. Water flows in a horizontal pipe at a rate of 0.002 m 3/sec, find the flow velocity

through the pipe if its cross sectional area is 1 cm2.

[20 m/sec]

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Unit two -260- Chapter five

2. Water flows through a rubber pipe of diameter 1.2 cm with a speed 3 m/sec what

is the diameter of a narrow part of the pipe if the speed of flow is 27 m/sec.

[0.4 cm]

3. A major artery of radius 0.035 cm is divided into 80 capillaries of radius 0.1 mm.

If the speed of blood through the major artery is 0.044 m/sec, find the speed of

blood through each capillary.

[0.0067 m/sec]

4. The cross sectional area of a pipe at point (A) is 10 cm 2 and at B is 2 cm2. If the

speed of water at (A) is 12 m/sec, find the speed at (B).

[60 m/sec]

5. The cross sectional area of a water pipe entering a basement is 4x10-4 m2, and the

speed of water is 2 m/sec. This pipe tapers to a cross sectional area of 2x10 -4 m2.

Calculate the water velocity at this end.

[4 m/sec]

Evaluating book:

6. A water tube supplies a house with water. If its radius is 1.5 cm and the velocity of

water flow in it is 0.2 m/s, calculate the velocity of water at the end of this tube

where its radius becomes 0.5 cm and hence calculate the volume of water flowing

in one minute.

7. In the figure shown, the radius of the tube

B
at A = 25 cm, at D = 15 cm, at B = 10 cm
D
and at C 8 cm. Calculate the rate of volume
A
flow at A if water inters the tube at A by a

velocity = 2 m/s then calculate the velocity

C
of the water flow at C and D if the velocity

of flow at B = 4 m/s.

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Unit two -261- Chapter five

[0.393 m3/sec, 13.28 m/sec, 5.56 m/ec]

8. A major artery of diameter 0.5 cm is divided into 100 capillaries, the radius of

each is 0.1 cm, calculate the speed of blood in each capillary knowing that the

speed of blood in the major artery is 0.04 m/s.

[0.0025 m/s]

9. Water flows in a rubber pipe of diameter 1 cm with a speed 4 m/s find the

diameter of the pipe outlet if the water comes out with a speed of 24 m/s.

[0.408 cm]

10. Gasoline flows in a pipe of diameter 2 cm with a velocity 5 m/s. find the rate of

flow and calculate the time in minutes required to fill a reservoir of volume 20 m 3

with gasoline.

[212.2 ,min]

11. Water flows through a tube of diameter 3 cm with velocity 2 m/s calculate the

water volume flowing in one minute.

[0.0848 m3]

12. Calculate the cross sectional area of the opening of a tube that pumps oil with a

rate of 18 liter per minute if the velocity of flow is 3 m/s.

[1 cm2]

13. Oil is pushed with a rate of 6 liter / minute through a pipe attached to another pipe

from which the oil goes out with velocity of 4 m/s. calculate the cross sectional

area of the second pipe.

[2.5x10-5 m2]

14. Water flow in a tube of cross sectional area 12 cm2 with velocity 10 m/s calculate

its velocity at a point at which the cross sectional area of the tube becomes 4 cm2

[30 m/s]

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Unit two -262- Chapter five

Previous exams:

15. (Egypt 92) a pip of cross-sectional area 4 cm² provides a field with water. The

speed of water is 10 m/s. at its end there are 100 pores, the area of the opening of

each one is 1 mm². What is the speed of water passing through each pore?

[40 m/s]

16. (Egypt 93) A water pipe entering a home has a radius of 1.5 cm and the speed of

the water is 0.2 m/s. if the pipe becomes of radius of 0.5 cm at its end, calculate:

a) The speed of water at the narrow end.

b) The volume of water that flows per minute across any cross sectional area.

[1.8 m/s, 84.8x10-4m3/min]

17. (August 98) A tube has a diameter of 10 cm where the speed of water at that

section is 1 m/s at the end of the tube the diameter becomes 2.5 cm. Calculate the

speed of water at the narrow section then find the mass of water that flows per

minute across any of its cross sectional area. Given that the density of water =

1000 kg/m3.

[16m/s, 471 kg/min]

18. (Egypt 2002) In the shown figure:

given that, the radius of the tube at

(a) is 30 cm and the velocity of

water entering at the same point is 2 m/s, the velocity of the water flow at (c) is 4

m/s and at (e) is 3 m/s where the radius of the tube at (b) is 20 cm, at (c) is 15 cm,

at (d) is 10 cm and at (e) is 5 cm. Calculate:

a) The rate of volume of water entering at (a)

b) The velocity of the water flow at b and d.

[0.5655 m3/sec, 4.5 m/sec, 8.25m/sec]

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Unit two -263- Chapter five

Additional questions:

19. If the tangential force for each 25 cm2 of a liquid surface is 2.5 N, and if the

distance between the free surface of the liquid and the surface over which the

liquid flows is 5 cm, and the velocity of flow is 50 cm/s, calculate the coefficient

of viscosity of this liquid.

[100 Ns/m2]

20. A metal plate square in shape 0.2 side length is separated from another plate by a

layer of liquid of 0.4 cm thick. If a force of 20 N acts on the first plate, it moves

with a velocity 1 m/s. calculate the coefficient of viscosity.

[2 kgm-1s-1]

21. Find the internal frictional force of viscosity between two layers of water, the

vertical distance between them is 5.1 cm & flows over the surface of area 10 cm 2
given he difference between their velocities is 0.02 m/s & η = 1.3 x 10-3 Nsm-2

[5.1 x 10-7 N]

22. An oil is pushed with a rate of 6 liter / minute through a pipe attached to another

pipe from which the oil goes out with velocity of 4 m/s. calculate the cross

sectional area of the second pipe.

[0.25 cm2]

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Unit two -264- Chapter five

Model Answer

Exercises 2008/2009
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18
)( Increase the temperature.

19
)( Streamline.

20
)( The tangential force acting on unit are to produce a unit charge in velocity between two

liquid layers at unit distance apart from each other equals 0.05 Newton

21
)( It means that 3x10-2 kg is the mass of liquid that pass a given cross sectional area of the

tube in one second.

22
)( The flow of liquid will convert from steady flow to turbulent flow.

23
)( Because the sum of the cross sectional areas of the capillaries is greater than the cross

sectional area of the major artery therefore and due to (A1V1 = A2V2) the blood moves slower

in the capillaries than in the major arteries, this permits the gases and food exchange..

24
)( Since velocity is inversely proportional to the cross s sectional area; therefore,

decreasing the area of the fireman tube will increase the velocity of liquid.

25
)( The steady flow of a liquid in a tube (the stream line flow) requires that:
 a) the liquid fills the tube completely

b) the quantity of the liquid that coming in the first end is equal to the quantity that coming out

from the other end at the same time, since the liquid is incompressible

c) The velocity of the liquid flow at any point in the tube does not change