;xfl;s kj{lto ko{6g Joj;fo lxhf], cfh / ef]nL M Ps ljZn]if0f

aRr'gf/fo0f >]i7
lgjt{dfg k|yd pkfWoIf 6fg tyf :jtGq ko{6g k/fdz{bftf

;xfl;s kj{lto ko{6gsf] yfngL

g]kfndf ;xfl;s kj{lto ko{6g Joj;fosf] ljsf;sf] qmdnfO{ x]g]{ xf] eg] hh{ d]nf]/Lsf]
ljZjsf] ;jf]{Rr lzv/ ;u/dfyfsf] cf/f]x0f cleofg / ;g\ !(%# d] @( tfl/vsf lbg :j=
t]lGh gf]u]{ z]kf{ / :j= ;/ P8d08 lxnf/Lsf] ;u/dfyfsf] ;kmn cf/f]x0fsf] syf;Fu} cufl8
a9]sf] kfOG5 . To;tfsf ;xfl;s ko{6lso ultljlwnfO{ Jofj;flos?kddf :yflkt u/fpg
g;lsPsf] ePtf klg g]kfndf ;xfl;s ko{6gsf] ljsf;sf] cWofo yfngL ePsf] eg] dfGg
;lsG5 . h'g a]nf g]kfndf k|hftGq k"0f{ ?kdf :yfkgf geO;s]sf] / clwsf+z k|zf;lso /
/fhg}lts ultljlwx? ef/tsf] lgu/fgLdf x'g] ePs} sf/0fn] klg g]kfnsf] ko{6sLo ultljlwx?
klg bflh{ln / lbNnLaf6 ;~rfng x'g] s'/fdf :jefles dfq x}g :j= t]l~h gf]u]{ zf]kf{ /
:j= ;/ P8d08 lxnf/Lsf] ;u/dfyfsf] ;kmn cf/f]x0f cleofg klg bflh{lnaf6} yfngL x'g'
Pp6f HjnGt pbfx/0f dfGg ;lsG5 . g]kfnsf] l;df gfsfx? ;g\ !($* ;Dd ljb]zLx?sf]
nflu aGb k|foM lyof] . h;sf] sf/0fn] ubf{ klg g]kfn ko{6sLo ;Defjgf af]s]sf] ljZj ljVoft
uGtJo /xbfF /xFb} klg :jefljs ?kdf o;sf] oyf]lrt ljsf; x'g g;s]sf] oyfy{ xfd|f] ;fd'
5b}5 .
g]kfndf ;xfl;s kbofqf ultljlwsf] Oltxf; Tolt nfdf] geP klg tYout ?kdf ;g
!($(df ljn ltnDofgn] tfTsflng dxf/fhfaf6 cg'dlt lnO{ klxnf] kbofqLsf] ?kdf
sfnLu08sL, x]nDa" / ;u/dfyf If]qsf] kbofqf e|d0f u/] kZrft kbofqf ultljlwsf] k|f/lDes
ljsf;sf] yfngL ePsf] kfOG5 . cem k|m]Gr gful/s df}l/; x]hf]{usf] g]t[Tjdf ;g\ !(%) df
cGgk"0f{ lxdfnsf] ;kmn cf/f]x0fn] ljZjsf] *))) ld= eGbf cUnf] klxnf] lxdfn cf/f]x0fsf]
Oltxf; /r] kZrft g]kfnsf] lxdfn cf/f]x0f / ;xfl;s kbofqfsf] ljsf;df gofF z'?jft dfGg
;lsG5 . ;xfl;s kbofqfsf] ljsf; qmddf ;g\ !(%% df yf]d; s'sn] ;+rfng u/]sf]
kyk|bz{s ;lxtsf] klxnf] kbofqf sfo{qmdn] o; Joj;fonfO{ Jofj;flosLs/0f tkm{ pGd'v
agfPsf] dfq x}g h;sf] sf/0fn] h]D; / lhDdL /f]j6{ h:tf kbofqLx? cleTk|]l/t eO{ g]kfnsf]
kbofqf e|d0fdf cfPsf] e]l6G5 . kmn:j?kM ;g\ !(^$ df lhDdL /f]j6{n] :yfgLo ;xof]uL
sd{rf/L, kbk|bz{s nufot cGo cfjZos ;fdu|Lx?sf] th"{df ;lxt ;+rfng u/]sf] cd]l/sg
;d'xsf] SoflDk 6]lsn] pgnfO{ ;g\ !(^% df dfp06]g 6fensf] :yfkgf ug{ clek|]l/t uof],
h'g g]kfnsf] klxnf] 6]ls sDkgLsf] ?kdf klxrfg kfof] . To; k5fl8sf lbgx?df g]kfnsf]
;xfl;s ko{6gsf ultljlwx? Jofj;flosLs/0f tkm{ pGd"v ePsf] kfOG5 . ;g\ !(&( ;Dd
cfO{ k'Ubf ( j6f cflwsfl/s 6]ls sDkgLx? :yfkgf eO{ g]kfnL ko{6g Joj;foLx? klg
Jofj;flos ?kdf ;xfl;s kj{lto ko{6g ultljlwdf cfj4 ePsf] dfq x}g ;g\ !(&( df ltg}
1

( j6f Ph]lG;h\x?sf] ;xsfo{ / ;dGjodf ljlwjt\ ?kdf 6]ls Ph]lG;h\x?sf] 5ftf ;+u7g
6]ls Ph]lG;h\ Pzf]l;Pzg ckm g]kfn -6fg_ sf] :yfkgf1 eP kZrft kj{lto ko{6g tyf
;xfl;s kbofqf ultljlwx?df g]kfnL Joj;foLx?sf] jr{Zj sfod tyf g]kfnsf] ;xfl;s
ko{6gsf] uGtJox?df Jofks?kdf ljb]zL ko{6sx?nfO{ n}hfg] sfo{ sfo{ x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 .
z"?sf lbgdf hDdf ( j6f sDkgLx? dfq ;b:o /x]sf] 6fgsf] :yfkgf;Fu} g]kfndf kj{lto
ko{6g tyf ;xfl;s kbofqf ultljlwx?n] Jofkstf kfPsf] dfq x}g lbgfg'lbg Jofj;flos
sDkgLx?sf] btf{ / :yfkgf klg a9\b} uof] / Tof] cfhsf] lbg;Dd cfO{ k'Ubf sDkgL /lhi6f/sf]
sfof{nodf btf{ eO{ ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfno, ko{6g pBf]u dxfzfvfaf6 cg'dlt
kq lnO{ ;+rfngdf /x]sf hDdf !#%# sDkgLx?2 dWo] &$! sDkgLx?3 pQm ;+3sf] ;b:o
ePaf6 klg s] k'i6L x'G5 eg] ;g\ &) sf] bzs kZrft g]kfndf ;xfl;s kj{lto ko{6gsf]
Jofj;slosLs/0fdf nfdf] km8\sf] df/]sf] k|dfl0ft x'G5 . lj= ;+= @)!^ df ko{6gsf
ultljlwx?nfO{ Jojl:yt ug{sf] nflu ko{6g af]8{sf] :yfkgfaf6 ko{6gsf] ultljlw cflwsfl/s
;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 sfo{ z'?jft ePsf] / lj= ;+= @)!* df >d tyf oftfoft dGqfno
cGt/ut ko{6g ljefu x'Fb} lj= ;+= @)#$ df ko{6g dGqfnosf] :yfkgf4 / tfTsflng g]kfn
;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 ;g\ !(&@ df klxnf] k6s g]kfn ko{6g /fli6o of]hgfsf] lgdf{0f ;fy}
ko{6g P]g @)#% hf/L x'g'n] klg g]kfnsf] ;xfl;s ko{6gsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/df gLltut
txdf s]xL kl/jt{g tyf lghL If]qsf] Jofj;flosLs/0f / uGtJox?sf] ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{gdf
Jofks kl/jt{g / ;'wf/ ePsf] kfOG5 . o;sf] ;fy;fy} kj{tf/f]x0f ;DalGw lgodfjnL @)%(
tyf 6feN; tyf 6]ls Ph]G;L lgodfjnL @)^@ sf] hf/L kZrft o; Joj;fonfO{ c? a9L
Jojl:yt ug]{ sfo{ ePsf] dfq x}g lghL If]qsf sDkgLx?nfO{ a9L lhDd]jf/ aGg afWo agfPsf]
5 . tyflk, kj{lto ko{6g tyf ;xfl;s kbofqf ultljlw ;DaGwL g]kfn ;/sf/sf tkm{af6
lgdf{0f ePsf gLlt, lgodfjnL tyf P]gx?n] lgb[i6 s'/fx?nfO{ ;Daf]wg gubf{ / ko{6g
Joj;fonfO{ pBf]usf]?kdf klxrfg gug'{n] klg cyfx kj{lto ko{6g tyf ;xfl;s kbofqf
uGtJox?sf] ;Defjgf af]s]sf] ePtf klg g]kfnsf] kj{lto ko{6g Joj;fosf] 3]/f ;fFu'l/b}
uPsf] s'/fnfO{ gsfg{ eg] ;lsb}g . Psflt/ u0ftGqsf] :yfkgf;Fu} g]kfnsf x/]s /fhg}lts
bnsf g]tfx?, ;/sf/sf k|d'v, dGqL nufot cflwsfl/s kbflwsf/Lx?af6 /fHosf] cfly{s
ljsf;sf] k|d'v tLg vDaf dWo] ko{6g If]q klg Ps klxrfg u/]sf] cj:yfdf e/v/} dfq
ko{6gnfO{ /fli6o pBf]u klxrfg ug]{ qmddf sfo{bn u7g x'g' z'e ;+s]t eP klg To;sf]
sfof{Gjogdf eg] cem} b'ljwf /x]sf] 5 .

ko{6g gLlt @)^% / To;sf cjojx?

1

TAAN Silver Jubly Soveniur, Published by Trekking Agencies Association, 2004

>f]t, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfno .
3
>f]t, 6]ls Ph]lG;h\ Pzf]l;Pzg ckm g]kfn @)^* cflZjg .
4
kl/ro k'l:tsf 2011, ko{^g tyf gful/s p*\*og dGqfno .
2

kl5Nnf] k6s lj= ;+= @)^% df ko{6g Joj;fonfO{ /fli6o cfwf/e"t pBf]usf] ?kdf :yfkgf
ug]{ klxnf] k|fyldstf ;lxt g]kfn ;/sf/, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfnosf] tkm{af6
hf/L ePsf] ko{6g gLlt tyf ;g\ @)@) ;Dddf xfl;n ul/g] nIo ;lxt NofO{Psf] lehg
@)@) n] hlt;'s} cfsif{s / ko{6g If]qsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/sf] ;'Gb/ eljiosf] sNkgf ul/Psf]
ePtf klg ;dofg's'n To;sf] sfof{Gjog / ;fj{hlgs lghL ;fem]bf/L cleofgnfO{
OdfGbfl/tfsf ;fy nfu" gul/g] xf] eg] tL sfuhftx?df pNn]v ul/Pcg';f/sf] pknJwL
xfl;n ug{ ;lsb}g . clxn]sf xfd|f] If]qsf] r'gf}lt eg]sf] ko{6g ljsf;, lj:tf/, k|j4{g /
Jofj;flosLs/0fsf] nflu ag]sf gLlt, sfo{qmd tyf P]g sfg"gx?sf] kf/bzL{ / OdfGbf/k"j{s
sfo{Gjog / kfngf xf] . ;xfl;s kj{lto ko{6gsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / k|j4{gsf] ;jfndf s'/f
ug]{ xf] eg] ko{6g gLlt @)^% df ko{6g pBf]unfO{ cfwf/e"t pBf]usf] ?kdf :yfkgf ug{
ljljw k|sf/sf] ;]jf / ;'ljwfx? k|bfg ug]{, u|fdL0f ko{6g pBf]u k|j4{g, ko{6g If]qsf]
ljsf;df ;/sf/sf] e"ldsf 7"nf k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f / ko{6g ;]jf jf j:t'sf] ljsf; Pj+ lj:tf/df
;xhstf{, lgodgstf{, ;dGjo stf{ / pTk|]/ssf] ?kdf /xg] u/L lghL If]qsf] e"ldsfnfO{
k|f]T;fxg ug]{, ko{6ssf] ;+VofTds tyf u'0ffTds clej[l4sf] nflu dfgj ;+;fwgsf] ljsf;
tyf Joj:yfkg, u'?of]hgf th"{df / sfof{Gjog, tYof+s ;+sng / k|of]u h:tf sfo{qmdx?
lghL If]q;Fusf] ;dGjodf ;+rfng ug]{, 3/af; sfo{qmd dfkm{t u|fdL0f ko{6gsf] ljsf;,
cfGtl/s ko{6gsf] ljsf;, gofF kbofqf If]qsf] vf]hL / ljsf;df ;/sf/L nufgL,
cGt/fli6o:t/df ko{6gsf] k|j4{g, kof{ tyf lbuf] ko{6g ljsf; tyf jftfj/0f d}qL ko{6g
Joj;fo ;+rfng ug]{ Joj;foLx?nfO{ k'/:s[t ug]{, ;"rgf k|ljlw / tYyf+ssf] pkof]u , ko{6sLo
;'/Iff / ;+s6 Joj:yfkg, ;+:yfut?kdf Jofj;flos cfrf/ ;+lxtfsf] lgdf{0f / sfof{Gjog
nufot kbfofqL ;"rgf Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL / :of6]nfO6 n]vf k|0ffnLsf] sfof{Gjog / k|of]u
h:tf ux0f / ko{6fg If]qsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/sf] nflu oyf]lrt kIfx?nfO{ ;d]6sf] kfOG5 . 5
pk/f]Qm kIfx?nfO{ uxgtd cWoog ug]{ xf] eg] ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 gLltdf pNn]v ul/Psf
;/sf/s} tkm{af6 rflng' kg]{ sbdx?, nufgL tyf ;dGjosf] s'/fx? s] slt xb;Dd
sfof{Gjogdf cfof] eGg] cfkm}df k|Zg v8f x'g ;Sb5 . cfh;Ddsf] kl/k|]Iodf ;/sf/ /
;/sf/ dftxtsf dGqfno tyf cw{;/sf/L lgsfox?af6 ko{6g ljsf;sf] nflu b}lgs
k|zf;sLo sfo{, /fhZj ;+sng, nufot ;f];Fu ;DalGwt ;fdfGo lqmofsnfkx?df dfq Jo:t
/xg] cj:yf, gLlt tyf sfo{qmdn] eg] h:tf] 7"nf k"jf{wf/ ljsf;df nufgL, gofF uGtJo If]q
klxrfg / vf]hL, ko{6g;Fu l;w} ;/f]sf/ /fVg] ljljw ljifox?sf] ljsf;, lj:tf/df nufgL /
>f]tsf] kl/rfn, cGt/f{l6o:t/df ko{6gsf] k|j4{g nufot lghL If]qnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ ljifodf
vf;} kxn ePsf] kfOPsf] 5}g .
cem utjif{ / o;jif{sf s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] ;/sf/n] /fhg}lts ;+qmd0f sfnsf] cj:yfnfO{ 9fn
agfP/ ;'wf/sf] ;fdfGo s'/fx?, g]kfn ko{6g jif{ @)!! sf] 3f]if0ff afx]s vf;} ultnf]
5

ko{^g gLlt 2065, g]kfn ;/sf/, ko{^g tyf gful/s p*\*og dGqfno .

sfo{qmdx? cufl8 Nofpg g;s]s} xf] . Psflt/ xfdL ko{6ssf] ;+VofTds / u'0ffTds
clej[l4sf] s'/f u5f}+ t/ To;sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ ef}lts k"jf{wf/, u'0ff:t/Lo dfgj
;+;fwgsf] ljsf; / Joj:yfkg, ;fxl;s kj{lto ko{6gsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ lgodfjnL tyf
P]g sfg"gx?sf] ;dofg's'n ;+zf]wg / kl/xfo{ gof+ sfg"gx?sf] th"{ x'g g;Sg' ;xfl;s kj{lto
ko{6g If]q s} b'ef{Uosf] ?kdf lng' kb{5 .

g]kfn ko{6g jif{ @)!! / ;xfl;s ko{6gsf cj:yf

;g\ @)!! nfO{ ;/sf/L sfo{qmds} ?kdf dgfpgsf] nflu g]kfn ko{6g jif{ @)!! sf] sfo{qmd
ljljw nIo / pb]Zo ;lxt ;g\ @)!) sf] k"jf{w{d} cflwsfl/s pb\3f6g ;lxt 3f]if0ff ul/Psf]
ePtf klg g]kfn ko{6g jif{ @)!! ;+rfngsf] pQ/fw{df cfO{ k'Ubf o;sf] pkfb]otf /
;kmntfnfO{ ;d]t d"Nof+sg ug{ cfjZos eO{ ;s]sf] 5 . g]kfn ko{6g jif{ @)!! sf] d"ne"t
pb]Zo eg]sf] ko{6g gLlt @)^% n] eg] em} ko{6sx?sf] ;+VofTds a[l4 ug]{ cyf{t ;g\ @)!!
df g]kfndf !) nfv ko{6sx? leq\ofpg], ;f] dWo] $) k|ltzt ko{6sx?nfO{ g]kfnsf] gofF
kbofqf uGtJo If]qdf k'ofpg] / ;f] dfkm{t g]kfnL u|fdL0f ;d'bfosf] cfly{s ultljlwdf
ljsf; ug]{ xf] .6 ;+VofTds s'/f ubf{ ko{6g jif{ @)!! n] rfx] h:tf] !) nfv} ko{6s gcfP
klg slxn] sfFxL xfd|f ko{6gsf xl:tx?n] eg] em} * nfv;Dd k'u] eg] klg *) k|ltzt
;kmntf dfGg' kg]{ x'G5 xf]nf . t/ xfdL To; kl5sf b'O{ pb]Zosf] r'/f];Dd k'u]/ x]g]{ xf] eg]
;g\ @)!! df g]kfn cfPsf ko{6sx? dWo] $) k|ltzt ko{6g goFf kbofqf uGtJodf jf gofF
lxdfn cf/f]x0fdf uP ls uPgg\ eg]/ x]g{ h?/L 5 . ;fy} uPs} eP lt ko{6sx?sf gofF If]qdf
hfFbf lt uGtJo If]qdf a;f]jf; ug]{ dflg;x?sf] hLjgofkgdf s:tfvfn] ;sf/fTds
kl/jt{gx? eP / slt;Ddsf] ;sf/fTds cfly{s ?kfGt/0f eP h:tf ;"rsx?nfO{ uxg
cg';Gwfg / ljZn]if0f ug'{ kg]{ x'G5 . t/ xfd|f] dfemdf pQm kIfx?sf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg /
ljZn]if0f ug'{ k"j{ g} s]xL hl6n k|Zgx? cg'Ql/t eP/ a;]sf 5g\ h'g g]kfn ;/sf/, ko{6g
tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfno, g]kfn ko{6g af]8{, Joj;fodf cfj4 cGo ;+3 ;+:yf /
JolQmx?n] ;fdfwfg ug'{ kb{5 . ko{6g gLlt @)^% df elgP em} dGqfnosf] nufgL /
;lqmotfdf g]kfn ko{6g jif{sf] nflu sltj6f gofF kbofqf uGtJox?sf] klxrfg ul/of] <
klxlrt uGtJo dWo]df g]kfn ko{6g jif{sf] bf}/fgdf g]kfn cfPsf ko{6sx? dWo] slt
k|ltztnfO{ lt gofF uGtJox?df hfg / k'ofpgsf] nflu ko{6s / lghL If]qnfO{ k|f]T;fxg
ul/of] < klxlrt gofF uGtJox?sf] af/]df g]kfn ko{6g af]8{n] cGt/f{li6o ahf/df g]kfn ko{6g
jif{ @)!! df ko{6s cfpg ;Sg] jftfj/0f agfpgsf] nflu s:tf vfn] ahf/ k|j4{gsf
sfo{qmdx? ;fj{hlgs lghL ;fem]bf/L cjwf/0ffdf ;DkGg uof] / To;sf] c;/ gofF / k'/fgf
uGtJox?df s:tf] /Xof] < lghL If]qaf6 g]kfn ko{6g jif{ @)!! sf] ljleGg cfe"if0f cf]8]/
k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ;+3;+:yf, ltgsf k|ltlglw / cfd ko{6g Joj;foLx?sf] tkm{af6 klg o;
6

g]kfn ko{^g jif{ 2011 sfo{qmd kl/ro k'l:tsf .

sfo{qmdnfO{ 3lge"t -<_ ?kdf ;kmn kfg{sf] nflu s] s:tf e"ldsf lgjf{x ul/P / sfo{qmdnfO{
s:tf vfn] ;xof]u / ;dGjo ul/P < lo / o:tf vfn] k|Zgsf] pQ/ g]kfn ko{6g jif{ @)!!
;lsFbf;Ddsf] cj:yfdf xfdLn] vf]Hg} kg]{ x'G5 . vfnL /fhg}lts bnn] cfkm\gf] zlQm / ar{Zj
b]vfpgsf] nflu ul/g] ;ef / efif0fafhL h:t} g]kfn ko{6g jif{sf] cj;/df ul/Psf
sfo{qmdx? ;/sf/L jh]6 ;Sg / cfkm\gf cf;]kf;] kfNg / kf];fpgsf] nflu ul/Psf x'g eg]
/fHonfO{ OdfGbf/ eP/ s/ lt/]/ Joj;fo ug]{ Joj;foL / ko{6g Joj;fodf g} cfTdlge{/ eP/
afFr]sf :jfledfgL g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ km]/L klg 9fF6\g} kg]{ xf] eg] g]kfn ko{6g jif{ @)!! sf]
;kmntfsf] u'0fufg / o;;Fu cfj4 ko{6g x:tLx?nfO{ gful/s clegGbg ;lxtsf] wGojfb
lbP/ cfufld ;g\ @)!@ sf] hgj/L leq vf]:6] k|ult k|ltj]bg klg agfP s] km/s knf{ / < xf],
xfdL ;a}n] eGb} cfPsf] Pp6f kIf rfFxL s] xf] eg] g]kfn ko{6g jif{ @)!! n] !) nfv ko{6s
Nofpg g;s] klg o;n] ;g\ !((* df dgfOPsf] g]kfn e|d0f jif{n] em} cGo jif{x?df
;sf/fTds kl/jt{g ug{ ;S5 eGg] xf] . To;}n] xfdL cfzfjfbL x'g} kb{5, o; g]kfn ko{6g jif{
@)!! n] klg cfufld jif{x?df g]kfnsf] ko{6g Joj;fodf ;sf/fTds kl/jt{gx? Nofpg] 5 .
g]kfndf ;xfl;s kj{lto ko{6gsf] ljsf;sf] s'/f ubf{ xfdL ;+VofTds ?kdf ko{6s j9fpg],
u'0ffTds ?kdf Joj;fo / ;]jfx?sf] clej[l4 ug]{, ko{6ssf] a;fO{df a[l4, pgLx?n] ug]{ ljb]zL
d'b|fsf] vr{df cg'kflts a[l4 nufot gofF uGtJox?sf] klxrfg, eO{/x]sf] uGtJox?sf]
:t/f]gQL, k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; cflb kIfnfO{ dgg\ ug]{ ub{5f}+ . lo kIfx? Ps csf{sf kl/k"/ssf]
?kdf xfdLn] :jLsf/ ug{ kb{5 . Pp6f kIfsf] cefjdf csf]{ kIfn] sfd ug'{ kb{5 / Pp6fsf]
:yfloTjsf] nflu csf]{ kIfsf] ;fy cfjZos /xg] ub{5 . To;}n] s] eGg ;lsG5 eg] ;+VofTds
a[l4sf] dfq s'/f ug]{ xf] / clxn]s} cj:yfdf g]kfnsf] ;xfl;s kj{lto ko{6g Joj;fonfO{
cfTd;ft ub}{ hfg] xf] eg] ;To s] xf] eg] x/]s ;]tf of s'g} klg /+usf] dflg;x? ko{6ssf]
?kdf g]kfn cfpFb}df xl/of] 8n/sf] jiff{ eg] x'Fb}g . clg pgLx?af6 cfkm\gf] ko{6sLo
ultljlwdf ug]{ vr{df a[l4 gug]{ xf] eg] pgLx?sf] a;fO{ nlDab}df /fHon] oyf]lrt s/ /fhZj
gkfpg] dfq x}g ko{6g dfkm{t xfdLn] vf]h]sf] cfly{s ?kfGt/0f klg ;Dej 5}g\ . clg /fHo /
lghL If]qsf] tkm{af6 ef}lts nufot cGo k"jf{wf/x/sf] ljsf;, ;]jf tyf ;'ljwfx?sf]
u'0f:t/df a[l4 / ;sf/fTds kl/j{tg;Fu} cfcfkm\gf] If]qaf6 Jofj;flos lhDd]jfl/tf jxg
gug]{ xf] eg] ko{6sx? ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/Lo d"No r'sfpg klg rfxFb}g / pgLx?sf] g]kfn
a;fO{sf] cj:yfdf a[l4 Nofpg klg ;Dej 5}g .

ko{6g Joj;fo / ljb]zL d'b|f cfh{g

ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfnon] ;g\ @)!) df k|sfzg u/]sf] ko{6g ;DjGwL
tYyf+snfO{ cWoog dWogh/ ug]{ xf] eg] ;g\ @))^ df g]kfn cfpg] ko{6sx?sf] ;+Vof
#*#(@^ 5 pgLx?sf] ;/b/ g]kfn a;fO{ !)=@) lbgsf] 5 / ;f]xL jif{sf /fi6 a}+sn] pknJw
u/fPsf] tYyf+s cg';f/ pQm ;+Vofsf] ko{6s cfudgaf6 cd]l/sg 8n/ !^@&()=)) xhf/df_ ePsf] 5 / h;df k|lt ko{6s a/fj/sf] cfDbfgL k|ltlbg cd]l/sg 8n/ %%=)) 5 .
5

;g\ @))& sf] tYof+snfO{ cWoog ubf{ ;f] jif{ g]kfn cfpg] ko{6sx?sf] ;+Vofdf a[l4 eP/
%@^&)% k'u]sf] 5 eg] pgLx?sf] ;/b/ g]kfn a;fO{ !!=(^ lbgsf] 5 / ;f]xL jif{sf /fi6
a}+sn] pknJw u/fPsf] tYyf+s cg';f/ pQm ;+Vofsf] ko{6s cfudgaf6 cd]l/sg 8n/
@#)^!&=)) -xhf/df_ ePsf] 5 / h;df k|lt ko{6s a/fj/sf] cfDbfgL k|ltlbg 36]/ cd]l/sg
8n/ $%=)) df cfPsf] 5 . To;} u/L ;g\ @))* sf] cj:yfnfO{ dWogh/ ubf{ ko{6ssf]
;+Vof % k|ltztn] 36]/ %))@&& eof] eg] pgLx?sf] g]kfn a;fO{ lbg !!=&* lbgsf] lyof] .
;f]xL jif{sf] a}b]lzs d"b|f cfh{g o'P; 8n/ #%!(^*=)) -xhf/df_ / k|lt ko{6s k|ltlbg
cfDbfgL o'P; 8n/ &#.)) k'u]sf] lyof] . ;g\ @)!) nfO{ cWoog ubf{ ko{6s ;+Vof !*=@
k|ltztn] a9]/ ^)@*^& ePsf] 5 eg] pgLx?sf] ;/b/ a;fO{ !@=^& lbg a}b]lzs d"b|f cfh{g
;g\ @))( sf] t'ngfdf !@=% k|ltztn] 36]/ #@((*@=)) -xhf/df_ / k|lt ko{6s k|ltlbgsf]
cfDbfgL klg 36]/ ;g\ @))& sf] eGbf klg sd o"P; 8n/ $#=@ sfod ePsf] 5 .7 o;af6
s] eGg ;lsG5 eg] g]kfndf ko{6sx?sf] cfudg, pgLx?af6 k|fKt a}b]lzs d'b|fsf] ;l~rlt
nufot pgLx?af6 k|ltlbg x'g] vr{sf cg'kft klg ;dfg'kflts 5}g . ;g\ @))^ b]lv @)!)
;Ddsf] ko{6s cfudg a}b]lzs d'b|f cfh{g, pgLx?sf] a;fO{ lbg / vr{ cj:yf x]bf{ Psgf;
gePsf] dfq x}g ko{6ssf] cfudgdf a[l4 x'Fbf j}b]lzs d'b|f cfh{gdf sdL / ko{6sx?sf]
a;fO{ nlDabf pgLx?n] k|ltlbg ug]{ vr{df sdL ePsf] kfOG5 . rfx] Tof] b]zsf] ljBdfg
/fhg}lts t/ntf / ;+qmd0fsflng cj:yfsf] sf/0fn] xf];\ of cGo s'g} sf/0f o;n] xfd|f] ;fd"
s]xL cg'Ql/t k|Zg v8f ul/ lbPsf] 5 . o; kIfsf] cWoogaf6 xfdL s] eGg ;S5f} eg] of t
xfd|f] tYof+s ;+sng, To;sf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg / ljZn]if0fdf g} q'6L 5 x}g eg] a]nfavtdf
g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] ko{6ssf] ;+Vofdf nuftf/ a[l4 x'Fbf klg a}b]lzs d'b|f cfh{gdf ePsf] sdL
pk/ lghL If]qsf] Jofj;flos OdfGbfl/tf k|lt ug]{ z+sfn] k|;Zt} 7fFp kfpg ;S5 . ko{6g
Joj;fosf] dfly phfu/ ul/Psf o; cj:yfn] pJhfPsf k|Zgx?sf] ;fdfwfg /fHo / lghL
If]q ldn]/ a]n}df gug]{ xf] eg] o;n] csf]{ ljs/fn ;d:of lgDTofpg ;Sb5 .
t/ dflysf] cg'R5]bdf k|:t't ul/Psf] tYout ljZn]if0f / g]kfnsf] ljBdfg ;xfl;s kj{lto
ko{6gsf] cj:yfnfO{ t'ngfTds ?kdf cWoog / cg';Gwfg ug{ h?/L eO;s]sf] 5 . ljut /
jt{dfgdf 6]ls sDkgLx?n] ;+rfng ug]{ ko{6g Joj;fosf ultljlw, d"No k|fKtL, ;]jf
ljt/0fdf vr{ / cGo ;]jf / ;'ljwfx?sf] u'0f:t/Lotf / ljt/0f, ;/f]sf/jfnf ;d'bfox?sf]
ljsf;, jftfj/0f ;+/If0f / uGtJosf] hu]gf{, cfosf] ;dfg'kflts ljt/0f, :yfgLo :t/df
;xeflutfd'ns Joj;fosf] ;+rfng, / lbuf] tyf jftfj/0fd}qL Joj;fo ;+rfngsf]
ultljlwnfO{ uxg / lj:t[t cWoog ug{' cfjZos 5 . ljut !@ !$ jif{sf g]kfnsf]
;xfl;s kj{lto kbofqf Joj;fosf] ljsf;qmd / Joj;fosf] k|lqmofnfO{ dWogh/ ug]{ xf] eg]
cfhsf] lbg;Dd cfO{ k'Ubf o;sf] cj:yfnfO{ ;sf/fTds?kdf lng ;lsg] cj:yf 5}g\ gls
o;n] ef]nLsf] lbgdf u|fdL0f ;d'bfosf] cfly{s pGgtL / /fli6o cy{tGqsf] a[l4df ;sf/fTds
7

ko{^g tYof+s k'l:tsf 2010, ko{^g tyf gful/s p*\*og dGqfno .

e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ ;Sg] s'g} ;sf/fTds ;+s]t g} lbg ;Sb5 . ;g\ !((^(& tfsf h'ga]nf
kbofqf ;+rfns sDkgLx?n] g]kfnsf] uGtJox?df ;fxl;s kbofqfsf] sfo{qmd ;+rfng ubf{
l6 xfp; jf nh 6]ssf] nflu k|lt ko{6s k|ltlbg ;/b/ o'P; 8n/ %) blv &) ;Ddsf] b/n]
lbg] d"No xfnsf] lbgdf Tof] d"No 36]/ o"P; 8n/ @) b]lv #) sf] xf/fxf/Ldf;Dd cfP/
;+rfng ug]{ ub{5 h'g clxn]sf] cj:yfdf cGbfhL !)) b]lv !%) k|ltztn] 36]sf] kfOG5 . t/
lt jif{x?sf] kbofqf sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng ubf{ cfjZos kg]{ ;fdu|Lx?sf] v/Lb d"No tyf
ko{6sLo tyf oftfoft nufot OGwgsf] ;d]t d"NonfO{ dWogh/ ug]{ xf] eg] To; a]nfsf]
dxFuL cfhsf] cj:yfdf Tof] a]nf eGbf e08} #%) b]lv $)) u'0ffn] a[l4 eO;s]sf] 5 . Tof]
a]nfsf] 8n/sf] ;6xL b/ / clxn]sf] ;6xL b/nfO{ x]g]{ xf] eg] nueu #) b]lv $)
?k}of;Ddsf] km/s kfOG5 . o;n] s] b]vfpF5 eg] cfhsf] lbg;Dd cfO{ k'Ubf kbofqf Joj;fo
a}b]lzs d'b|f ;6xLdf k|fKt x'g] ;6xL 3f6f (Inflation) dflh{gsf] e/df rn]sf] eGbf clto'QmL
gxf]nf . tyflk o;sf] k5fl8sf sf/s tTjx?sf] cWoog / cg';Gwfg ug{ cfjZos eO;s]sf]
5 . Psflt/ d"Nosf] c:j:y k|ltik|wf{, v:sbf] u'0f:t/, tyf clws sd{rf/LtGq / e|i6frf/
h:tf kIfx? sf/ssf] ?kdf /x]sf 5g\ eg] csf]{ tkm{ Joj;fodf b]lvPsf] dgkl/tGq, ;/sf/L
cg'udgdf lkmtnf]kgf cflbsf] sf/0f klg Joj;fosf] :tf/f]Gglt / lbuf]kg x'g g;s]sf] xf] .
lxhf]sf lbgdf x/]s kbofqf uGtJox?df ljBdfg kbofqf cg'dlt kqsf] clgjfo{tf / lt
cg'dlt kqx? kbofqf sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{ sDkgLx? dfkm{t g} k|lt ko{6s k|ltlbg o'P;
8n/ @) g]kfn /fi6 a}+sdf ;6xL u/]sf] ef}r/ k]z u/] kZrft hf/L ul/g' kg]{ jfWofTds
cj:yfn] ubf{ kbofqf sfo{qmdx? a9L Jojl:yt u'0f:t/Lo 9+un] ;+rfng eO/x]sf] / d"No
k|lt:k|wf{ klg cTolws oyfy{ /x]sf] s'/fdf b'O{dt 5}g . t/ kl5Nnf] ;dodf v'Nnf ahf/
gLltsf] cjwf/0ff / g]kfnsf] v'Nnf ul/Psf kbofqfx?df ko{6sx?sf] ;++Vofdf a[l4 ug]{ gfd
dfqsf] ;/sf/L lg0f{on] kbofqf cg'dlt kq vf/]h u/] kl5 ;xfl;s kbofqf Joj;fodf
clgodttf, dgkl/tGq / u}/sfg"gL Joj;fo ;+rfngn] k|;:t} dnhn kfPsf] dfq x}g sDkgL
g} btf{ gu/L Joj;fo ;+rfng ug]{ b]lv lnP/ d"gfkmf/lxt pb]Zon] :yfkgf ePsf ljsf;]
u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf, cGt/f{li6o u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf nufot g]kfndf sfo{/t\ ljb]zLx?af6 ;d]t
cglws[t?kdf Joj;fo ;+rfngn] ubf{ /fHon] cfzf u/] h:tf] s/ / cGo /fhZj ;d]t o;
If]qaf6 u'dfpg' k/]sf] dfq x}g Joj;fo u/] jfkt /fHonfO{ s/, /fhZj / cGo ;]jf z"Ns
;d]t a'emfP/ ko{6g Joj;fo ;+rfng ul//x]sf Joj;foLx?n] ;d]t c:j:y d"No k|ltik|wf{ /
dgkl/tGqn] ubf{ cfkm\gf] Joj;fo u'dfpb} cGtt\ Joj;fo g} 5f8\g' kg]{ oyfy{ b]vf kl/;s]sf]
5 . lxhf] lbgdf g]kfndf ePsf] /fhg}lts Gn] ddf{xt ePsf Joj;foLx? cfhsf] o;
eofjx cj:yfn] emg} cftltt ag]sf] dfq x}g ko{6g Joj;fonfO{ 5f8]/ cGo s'g} Joj;fodf
nufgL ug{ cu|;/ x'g]b]lv nufgL ;lxt ljb]zLg] cj:yf cfO;s]sf] 5 . o; cj:yfn] ubf{
u}/sfg"gL Joj;fo ;+rfng, b]zL / ljb]zL u}/Joj;foL ;+:yf jf JolQmx?sf] o; Joj;fodf
;xeflutfn] ubf{ /fHonfO{ ;f]em} 3f6f t 5Fb} 5 csf]{ tkm{ g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] eg] h:tf] ko{6g
Joj;foaf6 ljb]zL d'b|fsf] ;+lrltdf sdL cfPsf] kIfnfO{ k'7 lbPsf] 5 .

l6D; -cg'dlt kq_ / o;sf] ckl/xfo{tf

7

kbofqf cg'dlt kqnfO{ Joj;fodf cg'udgsf] Ps cf}hf/sf] ?kdf lng ;lsG5 . xfdL h:tf]
cfly{s?kdf ljkGg, z}lIfs?kdf lk5l8Psf] / ljZjsf] ljsf;sf] ult eGbf] sof}+ u'0ff k5fl8
/x]sf] b]zsf] nflu s]xL o:tfvfn] ;+oGqn] ko{6g dfkm{t cfly{s ljsf;df yk 6]jf lbg ;Sg]
x'G5g\ . To;}n] kbofqf cg'dlt kqsf] vf/]h k5fl8 Joj;fodf b]lvPsf] dgkl/tGq /
u}/sfg"gL Joj;fon] NofPsf] ljs[ltx?nfO{ Go"lgs/0f ug'{ kg]{ s'/fnfO{ cfTd;ft ub}{ ljut
nfdf] ;dob]lv 6]ls Ph]lG;h Pzf]l;Pzg ckm g]kfn -6fg_ n] p:t} vfn] cg'dlt kq jf
cg'udg z+oGq / cf}hf/sf] cfjZostfnfO{ dx;'; u/L kbofqf btf{ k|df0f kq (Trekking
Registration Certificate, TRC) sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ cufl8 ;f/L u0ftGqsf] klxnf] ;/sf/sf] ah]6
efif0f dfkm{t 3f]if0ff u/fO{ s]xL ;dosf] nflu nfu" ;d]t u/fPsf] lyof] . t/ s]xL ko{6g
Joj;fodf ePsf dflkmofsf sf/0f ;f] Joj:yfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg g;ssf] dfq x}g ;jf]{Rr
cbfntsf] lg0f{on] vf/]h ;d]t u/fOof] . tyflk, To;s} lg/Gt/tfsf] nflu bjfj ;[hgf ul/
/xg] qmddf ;g\ @))* af6 ;/sf/n] ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfno dfkm{t lgz"Ns
?kdf g]kfn ko{6g af]8{ / 6fg dfkm{t nfu" ug]{ u/L kbofqL ;"rgf Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL
(Trekkers Information Management System, TIMS) b'O{ jif{] k/LIf0f sfnsf] nflu hf/L ul/Psf]
lyof] . o;sf] cfjZostf 68\sf/f] /x]sf] s'/fnfO{ dWogh/ u/L b'O{ jif]{ k/LIf0f sfn kZrft
ljleGg ptf/ r9fj kZrft dGqfnon] TIMS k'gM g]kfn ko{6g af]8{ / 6fgsf] ;xsfo{df
;z"Ns nfu" ug]{ u/L ;g\ @)!) df ;+zf]wg ;lxt hf/L u/]sf] 5 h'g xfn;Dd klg sfod g}
5 . o; ljifonfO{ p7fg ug{sf] d'Vo pb]Zo eg]sf] dfly pNn]v ul/Psf] ;xfl;s kbofqf
ko{6gsf] eofjx cj:yfnfO{ tTsfn ;Daf]wg ug]{ xf] / xfdLn] ;f]Fr] h:t} ko{6g g]kfnsf]
cfly{s ljsf;sf] Pp6f blj{nf] vDafsf] ?kdf :yflkt u/fpg] xf] eg] ca xfdLn] cfkm\gf]
7fpFaf6 lhDd]jfl/tf axg ug]{ kg]{ x'G5 / To;sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ ;+oGqx?sf] lgdf0f{ ug]{
kg]{ x'G5 . lxhf] lbgdf kbofqf cg'dlt kq vf/]h u/]/ xfdLn] h'g ulNt uof}+ / clxn]sf]
cj:yf ;[hgf x'g] dfxf}n tof/ kfof}+, ef]nLsf] lbgdf lhDd]jf/k"0f{ Jofj;flos lqmofsnfksf]
dfWodaf6 lbuf] ko{6gsf] :yfkgfsf] nflu xfdLn] cfh}b]lv nflu kg'{ kb{5 . clxn]sf] cj:yfdf
eO{/x]sf] u}/sfg"gL Joj;fo ;+rfng, cglws[t JolQm tyf ;+:yfx?af6 x'g] Jofj;flos
ultljlwx?df aGb]h, c:j:y d"No k|ltik|wf{, /fHosf] s/ / /fhZjdf b]lvPsf] r'xfj6 / sdLdf
;'wf/, j}b]lzs d'b|f ;l~rtdf b]lvPsf] x|f;df ;'wf/, tyf /f]huf/sdL{, Joj;foL, :yfgLo
;d'bfo, cfk"lt{stf{ nufot JolQmut jf ;d'xut ?kdf kbofqfdf hfg] ko{6sx?nfO{ ;d]t
Joj;fo, ;dfh / jftfj/0f k|lt lhDd]jf/ agfpg s} nflu klg kbofqL ;"rgf Joj:yfkg
k|0ffnL -of cGo s'g} cg'dlt kqs} ?kdf_ nfO{ Jojl:yt ?kdf clgjfo{ u/fOg' kb{5 . o;sf]
;fy;fy} kbofqf uGtJox?sf] nflu Go"gtd k|ltlbg d"No lgwf{/0f ul/of] eg] To;n] cfufld
lbgdf c:j:y d"No k|ltik|wf{nfO{ b'?T;fxg ug]{ dfq x}g tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd d"No k|flKts} nflu
klg x]/s JolQm jf Joj;foLn] ;]jf / ;'ljwfsf] u'0f:t/Lotf sfod /fVg} kg]{ x'G5 . olt dfq
geP/ TIMS nfO{ k|efjsf/L 9+un] ;+rfng ug{ s} nflu 6fgn] lgdf{0f u/]sf] Computerized WebBased Online Software o;;Fu ;DalGwt ;a} ;/sf/L / lghL If]qsf lgsfox?n] k|of]udf
NofPdf To;n] oyfy{ tYof+s / ;"rgf k|fKt ug{ ;lsg], x/]s 6]ls sDkgLb]lv JolQmut
8

kbofqf sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{ JolQmx?sn] ;+rfng ug]{ kbofqf Joj;fonfO{ l;w} cg'udg ug{
;lsg], cflGtl/s /fhZj / s/ k|0ffnLnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ / Joj;foL cfkm}nfO{ o; k|lt
lhDd]jf/ agfpg ;lsg], ljb]zL d'b|f cfh{g / ;l~rltdf l;w} cg'udg ug{ ;lsg] b]lv o;
Joj;fodf cfj4 sfdbf/ tyf dhb'/x?sf] xs, lxtnfO{ ;d]t k|Tofe"t ub}{ kbofqLx?n] kfpg'
kg]{ ;]jf / ;'ljwfnfO{ Jojl:yt / pgLx?nfO{ Joj;fo / ;d'bfo k|lt ;d]t lhDd]jf/ agfpg
;lsG5 . t/ JolQmut?kdf sf]xL g]tf, dGqL of sd{rf/LnfO{ kmfObf gx'g] of Joj;fodf
dgkl/tGq ug]{, u}/sfg"gL / cg}lts?kdf Joj;fo ;+rfng ug]{ s]xL Joj;foLnfO{ df/ kg]{ of
s'g} klg ;+3;+:yfnfO{ o;af6 k|fKt x'g] cfly{s lx:;fdf s6f}lt x'g] gfddf cem} klg ;/sf/,
;/sf/df a:g] JolQm, ;DalGwt sd{rf/L, Joj;foL, slyt g]kfnsf ko{6g lj1x?af6 unt
s'/fx?sf] dfq ;'g'jfO{ / ;f]xL cg';f/sf] dgf]ut lg0f{o / To;sf] sfof{Gjog x'Fb} uof] eg]
ef]nLsf] lbgdf ;xfl;s ko{6g Joj;foaf6 s]xL klg cfzf ug]{ 7fFp /xFb}g / To;n] lgDTofpg]
ljs/fn kl/l:ylt / To;af6 pTkGg x'g] kl/0ffdsf] eflubf/ ;/sf/ / cfd ko{6g Joj;foLx?
x'gk' g]{ x'G5 . t;y{, TIMS / To;;Fu ;DalGwt ljljw lqmofsnfkx?sf] cg'udg ;f]em} ko{6g
tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfnon] u/]/ kbofqf Joj;fo;Fu ;DaGw /fVg] Joj;foLx?sf] 5ftf
;+u7g 6fgnfO{ o;sf] ;f]em} Joj:yfksLo lhDdf lbO{ cem a9L k|efjsf/L / pknlJwd'ns
agfpg' pko'Qm x'g] b]lvG5 .

lhDd]jf/ ko{6g M xfd|f] eljio

;g\ !(%) b]lv &) ;Dd cj:yfdf cWoog, cg';Gwfg s} cj:yfdf /x]sf] g]kfnsf] ko{6g
Joj;fo &) sf] bzs k5fl8 6]ls sDkgLx?sf] :yfkgf;Fu} Jofj;flostf tkm{ pGd"v x'Fb} kof{
tyf lbuf] ko{6g, j:t'd'vL / ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t u|fld0f ko{6g, u/Ljd'vL ko{6g, 3/af; /
clxn]sf] cj:yf;Dd cfO{ k'Ubf lhDd]jf/ ko{6gsf] cjwf/0ff;Dd ljsf; eO;s]sf] 5 .
ljZjJofkL ?kdf ko{6gsf ultljlwx?n] nfd} km8\sf] kf/ ul/;Sbf klg g]kfnsf] ko{6g
Joj;fo k/Dk/fut 9+un] ;+rfng x'g', To;df klg Joj;fo leqsf] cJojl:yt kl/l:yltn] ubf{
xfdLn] ;f]Fr] h:tf] lbuf] ko{6g Joj;fosf] :yfkgf gePsf] tYo :ki6 5 . Joj;fo ;+rfng
ljz'4 gfkmfsf] nflu ul/G5, tyflk o; leqsf] Jofj;flos g}ltstf, ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTjk"0f{
Jofj;flos lqmofsnfkx?sf] ;+rfng, /fHo k|ltsf] bfloTj clg /fHon] klg Joj;fo
;+rfgndf k|Tofe"t ul/g' kg]{ Go"gtd ;fj{hlgs ;]jf / ;'ljwf cflb Hofb} dxTjk"0f{ /xG5 .
/fHosf] lg0f{ox? Ps JolQm jf l;ldt JolQmx?n] ;+rfng u/]sf] Joj;fonfO{ kmfObf k'Ug]
vfnsf] eof] eg] l;+uf] ;d'bfo, ;d'bfodf a:g] dflg;x?sf] nflu / cGtt l;+uf] /fi6nfO{ g}
3fts x'g ;Sb5 . slyt Joj;foLx?sf] bjfj / uGtJox?df clws ;+Vofdf ko{6s k'ofpg]
gfddf /fHosf] tkm{af6 ePsf] kbofqf cg'dlt kqsf] vf/]hL To;sf] HjnGt pbfx/0f dfq x}g
To;n] ubf{ cfhsf] lbg;Dd cfO{ k'Ubf ;xfl;s kbofqf ko{6g ultljlwn] eofjx cj:yfdf
u'h|g' k/]sf] cj:yf dfq x}g /fHo cfkm} lgl/x ;fljt x'g' k/]sf] lttf] ;To xfd|f] ;fd' 3fd
hlQs} 5n{ 5 .
9

lhDd]jf/ ko{6g (Resposible Tourism) sf] ljZjJofkL ?kdf oqf] ljsf; / lj:tf/ eO/x]sf]
kl/k|Iodf xfdL h:tf] k|r'/ ko{6lso ;DefJotf af]s]sf] b]zsf JolQmx?n] cfkm\gf] cfkm\gf]
If]qaf6 Jofj;flos lhDd]jfl/tf axg ug{ gvf]h]sf] dfq x}g :yflkt dfGotfnfO{ ;d]t a'em\g
gvf]Hg' o; Joj;fosf] csf]{ cWof/f] kf6f] xf] eGg ;lsG5 . /fHon] gLlt sfo{qmd, P]g
lgodfjnL tyf ;fj{hlgs ;]jf / ;'ljwfsf] k|Tofe"t dfkm{t lng' kg]{ lhDd]jfl/tf, Joj;foLn]
cfkm\gf] Jofj;flos lqmofsnfkdf lng' kg]{ Jofj;flos lhDd]jf/Ltf, /f]huf/Lstf{, :yfgLo
;d'bfo, ;/f]sf/jfnf nufot :yfgLo cfk"lt{stf{n] cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L axg gubf{sf] cj:yfn]
uGtJodf cfpg] ko{6snfO{ ;d]t sltko ;jfndf lhDd]jf/ agfpg g;lsPsf] xf] . ljut
nfdf] ;dob]lv xfdLn] kof{ ko{6g, lbuf] ko{6g, u/Ljd'vL ko{6g / cGtt\ lhDd]jf/ ko{6gsf]
s]xL cEof;x? ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5f}+ . tyflk, oyfy{ eGbf xfdL gf/f / efif0fdf /dfpg] vfnsf
ultljlwx? ;+rfng ub}{ xfd|f] Jofj;flos ;+:s[ltnfO{ h;nfO{ h] dg nfUof] ToxL u/] x'G5 eGg]
cj:yfdf k'ofPsf] dfq x}g ;+;f/s} bolgo cj:yfsf] ko{6sLo jftfj/0f :yflkt u/fpg] tkm{
pGd'v x'Fb} uO/x]sf 5f}+ . Joj;fo ug]{ gfddf xfdL slxn] 7lusf] wGbfdf ;d]t ;fd]n x'G5f}
eg] slxn] p>[+vn ;fdflhs jftfj/0f tof/ kfg]{ ;Dd . o;sf] k|ltkmn:j?k g]kfn cfpg]
sltko ko{6sx? ;d]t u}/;f+:s[lts lqmofsnfkx?b]lv Jofj;flos 7lusf] wGbfdf ;d]t
;+nUg x'g] jftfj/0fn] k|;Zt} dnhn kfPsf] 5 . lhDd]jf/ ko{6gsf] ljsf; / :yfkgf xfdL
;a} cfd Joj;foL, ;/sf/ tyf o; Joj;fo;Fu ;f]em} ;DaGw /fVg] x/]s ;/f]sf/jfnf JolQm
;+3;+:yf / ;d'bfosf] plQs} bfloTj /xG5 . ;kmn Jofj;flos lqmofsnfksf] :yfkgf Tof] a]nf
x'G5 ha xfdL cfkm}df OdfGbf/ x'G5f}+ / c?nfO{ klg Tof] ljifo k|lt hfu?s / clek|]l/t ub{5f}+
. o;} kIfnfO{ dWogh/ u/]/ 6fgn] lj= ;+= @)^% df kj{tf/f]x0f tyf kbofqf Joj;fonfO{
dof{lbt, lhDd]jf/ / k|ltli7t pBf]us} ?kdf :yflkt ug{sf] nflu Jofj;flos cfrf/ ;+lxtf
(Code of Conduct) d:of}bf -n]vs :jo+ 6fgsf] l4lto pkfWoIf eO{ sfo{/t ePsf] a]nfdf cfkm\g}
;+of]hsTjdf d:of}bf ePsf]_ tof/ kf/L ljleGg r/0fdf 5nkmn u/L sfof{Gjogsf] clGtd
tof/L ;d]t ePsf] lyof] . ;xfl;s kj{lto ko{6g If]qdf sfo{/t\ Jofj;flos sDkgLx?sf]
ljljwtf, c;dfg'kflts kl/l:yltsf] sf/0f To; cfrf/ ;+lxtfnfO{ xfn;Dd klg sfof{Gjogdf
Nofpg ;lsPsf] 5}g\ gsL g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;DalGwt dGqfnon] cfhsf] lbg;Dd klg ko{6g
gLlt @)^% sf] a'Fbf ( -9_ sf] -!!_ n] Joj:yf u/sf] Jofj;flos ;+3;+:yfx? dfkm{t
Jofj;flos cfrf/ ;+lxtf lgdf{0f u/L nfu" ul/g] 5 eGg] gLltut lg0f{o g} sfof{Gjog x'g
;s]sf] 5 . lhDd]jf/ ko{6gn] ;d]6]sf clwsf+z ljifoj:t'x?nfO{ ;d]6]/ agfOPsf o:tf cfrf/
;+lxtfsf] nfu" / sfof{Gjog g} Ps dfq e/kbf]{ kIf x'g ;Sb5 h;n] Joj;foL cfkm}nfO{
cfkm\gf] Jofj;flos ultljlwx? k|lt lhDd]jf/ / pQ/bfoL agfpg ;Sb5 . ;/sf/L kIfaf6
o;nfO{ yf]/} k|fljlws / gLltut ;xof]u /xg] xf] / dGqfnon] casf] lbgdf g]kfndf cfly{s,
;fdflhs, kof{j/l0fo / k|fs[lts?kdf g} lbuf] / bL3{sflng ko{6g Joj;fosf] :yfkgfsf] nflu
lhDd]jf/ ko{6gsf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ cfd ;/sf/L, cw{;/sf/L, u}/ ;/sf/L / lghL If]qnfo{ ;d]t
;r]tgf u/fpFb} lhDd]jf/ ko{6gsf] ;Gbe{df lgb]{zs l;4fGt / cfrf/ ;+lxtf nufot cfkm\gf
gLlt / sfo{qmd tyf P]g lgodfjnLx?df ;d]t o;sf] jfG5lgotfnfO{ phfu/ ug]{ xf] eg]
10

ef]nLsf lbgdf ko{6g If]qdf b]vf kg]{ clgoldttf, u}/sfg"gL Joj;fo ;+rfng, dgkl/tGq /
Jofj;flos c/fhstfnfO{ 36fpg] dfq x}g s]xL ;dosf] cGt/fndf lgd"{n g} kfg{ ;lsG5 .
;xfl;s ko{6g Joj;foaf6 ;l~rt x'g] j}b]lzs d'b|fsf] ;jfndf g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] tYof+snfO{
x]g]{ xf] eg] ko{6ssf] ;+Vof a9\b} hfg] t/ d'b|f ;l~rltdf sdL x'Fb} hfg] oyfy{ xfd|f] ;fd' 5 .
ljb]zL d'b|fdf a}+s vftf vf]nL sf/f]af/ ug]{ sDkgLx?sf] klg lgoldt cg'udg gePsf eg]
xf]Og . tyflk, ;/sf/n] eg] h:tf] ko{6ssf] ;+Vofdf a[l4 x'Fbf ljb]zL d'b|f ;l~rltdf a[l4 x'g]
cj:yfdf ;'wf/ gcfpg'sf] k5fl8 s]xL sf/0fx? cj:o 5g\ . rfx] Tof] cglws[t Joj;fo
;+rfng xf];\ of ljb]zLx?n] ;+rfng ug]{ u}/sfg"gL Joj;fo dfkm{t ljb]zL vftfdf g} /sd
hDdf x'g] cj:yf lsg gxf];\ o;n] s]xL g s]xL c;/ u/]sf] ePtf klg lgod;+ut Joj;fo
ug]{ sDkgLx?sf] nflu pgLx?nfO{ Jofj;flos k|f]T;fxg :j?k clwstd ljb]zL d'b|f cfh{g u/]
jfkt lbg' kg]{ ;'ljwf / klxrfgsf] eg] cfjZos 5 . ;fy} sd rn]sf tyf gofF uGtJo If]qdf
ko{6lso ultljlwx? ;+rfng ubf{ / gofF lxdr'nLx?sf] Joj;fo ubf{ To:tf If]q jf kj{lto
ultljlwx?af6 cflh{t ljb]zL d'b|f cfh{gdf s/ 5'6 jf k|f]T;fxg jfkt cGo ;'ljwfsf]
k|Tofe"lt lbg ;lsP o;df ;sf/fTds kl/jt{g cfpg ;S5 xf]nf .
t/ cfhsf] cj:yf;Dd cfOk'Ubf xfdLn] ef]usf] lttf];To eg]sf] OdfGbfl/tf / b[9 OR5fzlQm
xf] . rfx] Tof] /fhg}lts ?kdf clek|]l/t ePsf] lsg gxf];\ . xfdLn] vf]h]sf] h:tf] Jofj;flos
jftfj/0f tof/ ug{sf] nflu xfdL cfkm} OdfGbf/ aGg' kg]{ b]lv x/]s JolQmsf] ;sf/fTds
;f]Frsf] cfjZostf ckl/xfo{ 5 . cGt/f{li6o ahf/df ko{6g k|j4{g ug]{ gfddf xfdL hflu/ /
eQf krfpg] sfdx? lg?T;fxg ub}{ sd;]sd xfd|f] ;fdfGo kxn, OdfGbfl/tf, ;sf/fTds ;f]Fr
/ b[9OR5f zlQmnfO{ ko{6gnfO{ cfwf/e"t /fli6o pBf]usf] ?kdf :yfkgf u/fpg] tkm{ pGd'v
u/fpg ;Sof}+ eg] dfq klg kl/jt{gsf] y'k|} cfzf ug{ ;lsG5 . x'g t ko{6gsf] If]qdf ;/sf/L,
lghL / ;fd'bflos txdf o:tf JolQmx? g/x]sf eg] xf]Og t/ xfdL;Fu /fd|fnfO{ k|f]T;fxg u/]/
To;sf] cg'z/0f ug{sf] ;fdf k|ltzf]wsf] efjgfn] lgld6\ofGg kfg]{ v]nx? x'g] ub{5 . cfzf
u/f}+ ef]nLsf] lbgdf o:tf] gxf];\ . xfd|f] cfly{s a[l4sf] Pp6f vDafsf] ?kdf /x]sf] ko{6g If]qsf]
lj:tf/, ljsf; / k|j4{g u/L eljiodf pGd'Qm jftfj/0fdf lhDd]jf/ / lbuf] ko{6g Joj;fosf]
:yfkgf ug]{ s'/fdf xfd|f] ;b\a'l4 knfcf];\ . z'esfdgf

11