LS Dyna Tutorial - Impact

Impact Analysis Using LS-Dyna
Tutorial Click to edit Master subtitle style
1 1
Ravishankar
5/3/12
Problem Definition
Primary requirement for the impact / drop
test are
Boundary condition
Initial Velocity
Contact Definition based on element strategy.
Main Steps involved in setting up a simulation

Import Geometry Define Element Type, Material, Section Properties
(Real Constants)
2 2
Meshing
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Starting LS-Dyna using Ansys

Using Ansys Product Launcher. Set License to Ansys Academic Research
LS-Dyna
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Geometry
Import geometry through various cad
translators using menu shown below.
Catia, Pro-e or Parasolid
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Material Models in LS-Dyna

Material input GUI consistent and similar to
implicit interface.
I II III IV V
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Mesh and Element Type

LS-Dyna Element type in Ansys
pre-post are 16x series element.

LINK160: 3-D explicit pin-jointed truss
(similar to LINK8)
BEAM161: 3-D explicit beam (similar to
BEAM4)
PLANE162: 2-D explicit planar solid
(similar to PLANE42)
SHELL163: 3-D explicit thin shell
(similar to SHELL181) SOLID185)
SOLID164: 3-D explicit brick (similar to
6 6
COMBI165: 3-D explicit spring or
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damper (similar to COMBIN14)
Defining Contact
There are various contact families
in LS-Dyna
Single Surface Contact Algorithm Nodes-to-Surface Contact Algorithm Surface-to-Surface Contact
Algorithm
General (Basic) Contact Family Automatic Contact Family Rigid Contact Family
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Tied Contact Family Tiebreak Contact Family
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Boundary Condition
Apply boundary condition in the Constraints
module, it includes fixed condition for immovable parts like floor or wall.
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Boundary Condition
Initial velocity is most commonly used input
for a impact/drop test.

components.
Initial Velocities are applied on node
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Solution- Ls Dyna Solver

The termination time is the actual time for
which the simulation of physical process is run (often in ms).
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Output request and frequency

Specify how often results for the entire
model are written.
can output a series of LS-DYNA ASCII output
files that contain specialized information
energy
GLSTAT BNDOUT RWFORC DEFORC MATSUM NCFORC RCFORC DEFGEO SPCFORC
- Global statistics data - Boundary condition forces and Rigid wall forces Discrete element forces Material energies summary Nodal interface forces Resultant interface forces Deformed geometry data Single point constraint reaction Nodal constraint reaction forces Rigid body data Geometry contact entities Sliding interface energies data Joint force data Node data
forces
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SWFORC RBDOUT GCEOUT SLEOUT JNTFORC NODOUT
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Post Processing
POST1, the ANSYS General Postprocessor
Animation Deformation, Stresses
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Post Processing : Time History

POST26 Time History Postprocessor
Plot time-history curves, plot acceleration,
velocity, displacement vs time .
Access LS Dyna Ascii output files.
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Example Plate impacting Plate
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Definition
A Shell Elements drop and rebounds from a
elastic plate.
Plate measure 40*40*1 mm3 (16 elements) Dropped shell has 10mm side length and 2
mm thickness.
Drop height is 10mm Element formulation is Belutschko-Tsay Define a surface to surface contact with 2
way detection.
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Define the elastic plate as Master and 5/3/12
impacting shell as slave.
Set-Up
For model setup we use various option in
the preprocessor tab.
Create 2 areas with required dimension as
shown below (Preprocessor-Modelingcreate-).

Transform drop shell to required drop
height.
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Meshing
Define Element Type 163 (Preprocessor-Element
type-add/edit/delete-)
Part should be defined using right
combination of material , real contact , element type. Before meshing this has set and can be confirmed at status bar.
Part 1 2 Status Bar
Material 1 1
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Element Type 1 1
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Real constant 1 2
Meshing cont
Define Real Constant to assign section
properties or thicknesses. For each thickness there should be one real constant. (Preprocessor-Real Constants)
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Meshing ContMaterial Properties

Define material properties for various parts
using option shown below. (PreprocessorMaterial Props-Material Models)
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Creating Parts
Assign the correct material, section
properties and element type to create parts. be a group of elements that have the same combination of element type, real constant set, and material reference numbers (Preprocessor-Meshing Mesh Attributes)
For LS-Dyna to recognize a part, its should
Repeat this to all area/components
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Revisiting Meshing
Set line seeding or element size.
(Preprocessor-Meshing-Mesh tool-Set) solid, shell or beam elements.
Mesh Volume ,Areas and lines to generate Refer images below to access the meshing
tool.
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Creating Components
We need to create node and elements
components for
Adding Constrains to a group of nodes Defining Velocity to a part (part nodes need to
be grouped)
Defining a master surface and node surface
(associated nodes of surface need to be grouped)

To request output for required parts/region of
interest.
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In this model create node and element
component for both the areas you could name
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Adding Constrains to Model

The plate is fixed at its boundaries
(Preprocessor-LS-DYNA-Constraints-On Nodes) desired nodes to apply the constrains. options to add constrain.
Create a node component or select the Refer images below to access the menu
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Defining contacts
In this model we will create a Automatic
Surface to Surface Contact. Choose the moving plate as contact surface and fixed plate as target surface. (Preprocessor-LSDYNA-Contact-DefineContact)
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Initial Velocity
The moving plate has initial velocity of
100,000 mm/s in vertical direction.
Initial velocity can be applied using option
under LS-Dyna Option tab as show below. (Preprocessor-LS-DYNA-Initial Velocityw/Nodal Rotate)
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Solution Setting
As per problem definition end time is
0.0002 sec, remember that most of impact problem occur over a time of ms. (Solution Time Controls Solution Time)
We now use option in the solution tab
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Output Controls
In output controls we
Request for both Ansys and LS-Dyna Result
formats written
Set the frequency at which result files are Request for Special Ascii files which has
information on system energies, Nodal and You could request for 10 Elemental results. Ascii files at a time the most
Select the components for which Time-History
results has to be written.

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frequent used are Global statistics data Boundary condition forces and energy Material energies summary Geometry contact entities Node data
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Solution and Results

Click on the Solve option in run the
simulation (Solution Solve)
As Discussed before this example Post
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processing option are test.avi General Post Proc Time History Post Pro 5/3/12 Attached is the animation of the solved
Time- History Post Processing

TimeHist Postpro > Variable Viewer > File
> Open > Explicit Dynamics Results (*.his) > Jobname.his
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Impact Analysis Using LS-Dyna

Tutorial Click to edit Master subtitle style

Contact Definition based on element strategy.

Main Steps involved in setting up a simulation

Starting LS-Dyna using Ansys

translators using menu shown below.

Catia, Pro-e or Parasolid

Material Models in LS-Dyna

Mesh and Element Type

pre-post are 16x series element.

(similar to SHELL181) SOLID185)

SOLID164: 3-D explicit brick (similar to

COMBI165: 3-D explicit spring or

damper (similar to COMBIN14)

Single Surface Contact Algorithm Nodes-to-Surface Contact Algorithm Surface-to-Surface Contact

Tied Contact Family Tiebreak Contact Family

for a impact/drop test.

Initial Velocities are applied on node

Solution- Ls Dyna Solver

which the simulation of physical process is run (often in ms).

Output request and frequency

model are written.

can output a series of LS-DYNA ASCII output

files that contain specialized information

GLSTAT BNDOUT RWFORC DEFORC MATSUM NCFORC RCFORC DEFGEO SPCFORC

SWFORC RBDOUT GCEOUT SLEOUT JNTFORC NODOUT

Post Processing : Time History

velocity, displacement vs time .

Access LS Dyna Ascii output files.

Example Plate impacting Plate

Define the elastic plate as Master and 5/3/12

impacting shell as slave.

the preprocessor tab.

Create 2 areas with required dimension as

shown below (Preprocessor-Modelingcreate-).

Part should be defined using right

Part 1 2 Status Bar

Meshing ContMaterial Properties

using option shown below. (PreprocessorMaterial Props-Material Models)

For LS-Dyna to recognize a part, its should

Repeat this to all area/components

(Preprocessor-Meshing-Mesh tool-Set) solid, shell or beam elements.

(associated nodes of surface need to be grouped)

In this model create node and element

component for both the areas you could name

Adding Constrains to Model

100,000 mm/s in vertical direction.

Initial velocity can be applied using option

under LS-Dyna Option tab as show below. (Preprocessor-LS-DYNA-Initial Velocityw/Nodal Rotate)

We now use option in the solution tab

results has to be written.

Solution and Results

simulation (Solution Solve)

As Discussed before this example Post

Time- History Post Processing

> Open > Explicit Dynamics Results (*.his) > Jobname.his

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