ATM Pocket Guide

For your ATM testing needs call 800.TEKELEC Visit our web site at http://www.tekelec.com
Publication 908-0119-01 Rev. C 0497-5000 1997 Tekelec

At Tekelec, our vision is to be a leading provider of premier intelligent network elements that enable network operators and infrastructure suppliers to rapidly deliver advanced communications products and services to their customers worldwide. The premier intelligent network elements that Tekelec provides encompass a wide range of advanced diagnostic solutions and switching systems. Our diagnostic tools, marketed under the names Chameleon and MGTS, give customers the power to design, validate and commission products and services to new technology standards. Our diagnostic tools are applicable to: Broadband multimedia, including ATM LAN/WAN/GAN networks Wireless telephony, including PCS and GSM Intelligent telephony, such as caller ID and local number portability

Wireline and wireless network operators use our highperformance EAGLE STP switching systems to rapidly and affordably integrate new capabilities for SS7-based intelligent telephony services into their networks. Conceived as a dedicated SS7 Signal Transfer Point, the EAGLE attains unmatched throughput capacity and performance. For more information please call 800.TEKELEC, or write to our corporate office at 26580 West Agoura Road, Calabasas, California 91302. Visit our web site at http://www.tekelec.com Corporate telephone: 818.880.5656, fax: 818.880.6993

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ATM UNI and NNI Reference Configuration ..........2 ATM Model................................................................2 Virtual Paths and Virtual Channels............................2 UNI Cell Header ........................................................3 NNI Cell Header ........................................................3 ATM AAL Service Classes ........................................3 AAL1 ........................................................................4 AAL2 ........................................................................4 AAL3/4 ......................................................................4 AAL5 ........................................................................5 Predefined Header Field Values ................................5 PTI Coding ................................................................6 Common OAM Cell Format......................................6 ATM Layer OAM Flows at the UNI ........................7 OAM Cell Fault Management-Specific Fields..........7 Loopback Function ....................................................8 Glossary of Acronyms ..............................................9 ATM References ......................................................11

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ATM UNI and NNI Reference Configuration

ES Public ATM UNIs

ES Private ATM UNIs ES IS TA IS

Public NNI IS

Private NNI

IS Private Networks Public Networks

ATM Model
MANAGEMENT PLANE
CONTROL PLANE

USER PLANE

User Layer

Signalling CLASS A CLASS B CLASS C CLASS D CLASS X and Constant Variable Connection Connection Connection Control -less Bit Rate Bit Rate Oriented User Oriented Q93.B Services Services (DS circuit (VBR Voice Defined For Data For Data emulation) and Video) Services AAL 1 AAL 2 AAL 1 AAL 3/4 AAL 5 AAL 3/4 or AAL 5

ME ME

ATM Standard

Adaptation Layer 48 53 Physical Layer

ME= Management Entity

Convergence Sublayer Segmentation and Reassembly Sublayer

ATM Layer (Service independent, cell formating, header generation) Transmission Convergence Sublayer Physical Medium Dependent Sublayer

Virtual Paths and Virtual Channels

PHY OC-12 OC-3 OC-1 CAT-5 UTP DS-3 E3 T1 E1 4B/5B 25.6

VP

VC VC VC VC VC VC

VP

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UNI Cell Header

GFC (4b) VPI (4b) VCI (8b) VCI (4b) PT CLP (3b) (1b) HEC (8b) INFO (48 oct) VPI (4b) VCI (4b) GFC: Generic Flow Control (000=Uncontrolled Access) VPI: Virtual Path Identifier VCI: Virtual Channel Identifier PT: Payload Type CLP: Cell Loss Priority (1=subject to discard) HEC: Header Error Control QOS: Unspecified Specified Deterministic Delay Variation Statistical Loss

NNI Cell Header

VPI (8b) VPI (4b) VCI (8b) VCI (4b) PT CLP (3b) (1b) HEC (8b) INFO (48 oct) VCI (4b) Virtual Path Identifier Virtual Channel Identifier Payload Type Cell Loss Priority (1=subject to discard) HEC: Header Error Control VPI: VCI: PT: CLP:

QOS: Unspecified Specified Deterministic Delay Variation Statistical Loss

ATM AAL Service Classes

AAL1
Timing relation between source and destination Bit rate Connection mode Required

AAL2
Required

AAL3/4
Not required Variable Connection or connectionless oriented

AAL5
Not required Variable Connection oriented

Constant Connection oriented

Variable Connection oriented

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AAL1
AAL1_SAR_PDU: SN CSI (1b) SN SC (3b) SNP CRC Parity (3b) (1b) SAR_PDU Payload (47 oct)

SNP

Sequence Number CSI Convergence Sublayer Indicator Used for Residual Time Stamp (RTS) for clocking SC Sequence Count Sequence Number Protection

AAL2 Preliminary Format (AAL2 has not been finalized)

AAL2_SAR_PDU: SN SN IT LI CRC IT SAR_PDU Payload LI CRC

Sequence Number Info Type (BOM, COM, EOM, Timing Info) Length Indicator Will correct up to 2 errors

AAL3/4
CPAAL3/4_CS_PDU: Header CPI Btag (1 Oct) (1 Oct)
CPI Btag BAsize PAD AL Etag Length

Info User Info BAsize (2 Oct) (0 to 65,535 Oct)

Traile PAD Etag AL (0-3 Oct) (1 Oct) (1 Oc

Message type, (set to zeros when BAsize & Length field values are enc Beginning tag (0 to 255) Buffer Allocation size To achieve 32 bit alignment in info field All zeros, to achieve 32 bit alignment in trailer End tag, must be same value as Btag Must be same as BAsize (16 bits = 65535 bytes)

AAL3/4_SAR_PDU ST (2b)
ST SN MID LI

SN (4b)

MID (10b)

SAR_PDU Payload (44 oct)

LI (6b)

CRC (10B)

Segment Type (BOM 10, COM 00, EOM 01, SSM 11) Sequence Number Modulo 16 Multiplexing Identification (SAR_PDU's from CS_PDU have the same v Length Indicator (#bits from CS_PDU in SAR_PDU BOM & COM = 44

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AAL5
CPAAL5_PDU

0 to 65535

Oct

PAD 0-47 Oct Control (2 Oct) Length (2 Oct)

CRC 32 AAL5_SAR_PDU SAR__PDU Payload (48 Oct)

Length Length of the PDU without PAD Control Reserved, all zero's PAD For 48 octet boundaries including up to CRC 32 field Alignment of SAR_PDU ATM SDU Type 1 in last cell, then next segment is first of next CPAAL5_PDU SDU type is in PTI field in cell header

Predefined Header Field Values

Value1,2,3,4 Use Unassigned cell indication Meta-signalling (default)5,7 Meta-signalling 6,7 5 General Broadcast signalling (default) General Broadcast signalling6 5 Point-to-point signalling (default) Point-to-point signalling6 Invalid Pattern 7 Segment OAM F4 flow cell 7 End-to-end OAM F4 flow cell Octet 1 Octet 2 Octet 3 Octet 4

00000000 00000000 0000yyyy 00000000 0000yyyy 00000000 0000yyyy xxxx0000 0000aaaa 0000aaaa

00000000 00000000 yyyy0000 00000000 yyyy0000 00000000 yyyy0000 00000000 0000aaaa 0000aaaa

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

0000xxx0 00010a0c 00010a0c 00100aac 00100aac 01010aac 01010aac 0000xxx1 00110a0a 01000a0a

1: "a" indicates that the bit is available for use by the appropriate ATM layer function 2.: "x" indicates "don't care" bits 3: "y" indicates any VPI value other than 00000000 4: "c" indicates that the originating signalling entity shall set the CLP bit to 0. The network may change the value of the CLP bit 5: Reserved for user signalling with the local exchange 6: Reserved for signalling 7: The transmitting ATM entity shall set bit 2 of octet 4 to zero. The receiving ATM entity shall ignore bit 2 of octet 4.

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PTI Coding
(MSB First) 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111 User data cell User data cell User data cell User data cell no congestion no congestion congestion congestion SDU type 0 SDU type 1 SDU type 0 SDU type 1

VCC OAM F5 flow segment VCC OAM F5 flow end-to-end Reserved: future traffic control and resource management Reserved: future functions

F4 & F5 OAM Cell Structure ATM Payload OAM Cell Type (4b) Function Type (4b) Function Specific CRC-10 (10b)

Cell type 1: Function 0: AIS Function 1: FERF Function 3: Loopback Provides: VP & VC: AIS, FERF Loopback activation and deactivation (only cell looped) Loopback location ID 72 bit (default = all ones) One second timer

Common OAM Cell Format

F4 Flow
ATM cell header ATM cell payload

G F VPI C
same as user's cells

VCI

PT

C L P

HEC

OAM Cell Type

Function Type

Functions-Specific Fields

CRC-10 **

VCI = 3 (Segment) VCI = 4 (End-to-End)

0001 = Fault Management

0000: AIS 0001: FERF 1000: Loopback

F5 Flow
ATM cell header ATM cell payload

G F VPI C
same as user's cells

VCI

PT

C L P

HEC

OAM Cell Type

Function Type

Functions-Specific Fields

CRC-10 **

VCI = 3 (Segment) VCI = 4 (End-to-End)

0001 = Fault Management

0000: AIS 0001: FERF 1000: Loopback

10 **: G(x) = x + x9 + x5 + x4 + x + 1

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ATM Layer OAM Flows at the UNI

Terminal or Router Private ATM Switch Private ATM Switch

F4 (Segment)

v v
F4 (End-to-End)

VP Level Service at the UNI

Terminal or Router

Private ATM Switch

Private ATM Switch

F5 (Segment)

v v
F5 (End-to-End)

VC Level Service at the UNI

OAM Cell Fault Management-Specific Fields

AIS/FERF-Specific Fields Failure Type*
8

Failure Location*
9x8

Unused*
35x8 bits

Loopback-Specific Fields Loopback Indication **

8

Correlation Tag
4x8

Loopback Location ID
12x8

Source ID
12x8

Unused*
16x8 bits

All 1s = End point loopback

*: Default coding = 6AH for all octets **: Field that must be interpreted at the receiver

Unused "0000000"
7

0/1
1

AIS/RDI-Specific Fields Failure Type*

8

Failure Location*
16

Unused*
28x8 bits

Loopback-Specific Fields Loopback Indication **

8

Correlation Tag
4x8

Loopback Location ID
12x8

Source ID
12x8

Unused*
16x8 bits

All 1s = End point loopback

*: Default coding = 6AH for all octets **: Field that must be interpreted at the receiver

Unused "0000000"
7

0/1
1

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Loopback Function
End Point Private ATM Switch Public UNI Public ATM Switch End Point

Lpbk Loc=End CTAG=X Lpbk Ind=1

Copy OAM Cell (CTAG Match)

End to End Loopbacl

Lpbk Loc=End CTAG=X Lpbk Ind=0

Lpbk Loc=End CTAG=X Lpbk Ind=1

End to End Loopbacl

Lpbk Loc=End CTAG=X Lpbk Ind=0

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Glossary of Acronyms
AAL ABR AL ANSI ATM BA BER B-ICI B-ISDN B-ISUP BOM CBR CC CCITT CE CEP CI CIR CLP CLR CL CO COM CPE CPN CRC CRF CS EOM ET GFC HEC HLF IWU ITU-T ATM Adaption Layer Available Bit Rate Access Link American National Standards Institute Asynchronous Transfer Mode Buffer Allocation Bit Error Rate Broadband Intercarrier Interface Broadband (aspects of) Integrated Services Digital Network Broadband Integrated Service User Part Beginning of Message Constant Bit Rate Call Control International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee Connection Element Connection End Point Continuation Indicator Cell Insertion Ratio Cell Loss Priority Cell Loss Ratio Connectionless Service Connection Oriented Service Continuation of Message Customer Premises Equipment Customer Premises Network Cyclic Redundancy Check Connection Related Function Convergence Sublayer End of Message Exchange Termination Generic Flow Control Header Error Control Higher Layer Functions Interworking Unit International Telecommunications Union-Telecommunications Standardization Sector Local Area Network LAN Emulation Local Exchange Local Functional Capabilities Line Termination Message Identifier
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LAN LANE LE LFC LT MID

Glossary of Acronyms
MSB MPOA MSP NNI NS NT OAM OSI PCI PDU PHY PMD PNNI PVC PRM PS PT QOS SAR SAP SDH SDU SEP SOH SONET SP SPN SVC TA TE UBR UNI VBR VC VCC VCI VCL VP VPC VPI VPL VPT XC Most Significant Bit Multi-Protocol Over ATM Maintenance Service Provider Network Node Interface Network Supervision Network Termination Operation and Maintenance Open Systems Interconnection Protocol Control Information Protocol Data Unit Physical Layer Physical Medium Dependent (layer) Private NNI Permanent Virtual Circuit Protocol Reference Model Protection Switching Payload Type Quality of Service Segmentation and Reassembly (layer) Service Access Point Synchronous Digital Hierarchy Service Data Unit Signalling Endpoint Section Overhead Synchronous Optical Network Service Provider Subscriber Premises Network Signalling Virtual Channel Terminal Adapter Terminal Equipment Unspecified Bit Rate User Network Interface Variable Bit Rate Virtual Channel Virtual Channel Connection Virtual Channel Identifier Virtual Channel Link Virtual Path Virtual Path Connection Virtual Path Identifier Virtual Path Link Virtual Path Terminator Cross-Connect

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ATM References
ATM UNI Specifications, V3.0 ATM Forum Technical Committee Members Bellcore ATM and AAL Protocols Generic Requirements, TA-NWT-001113 ITU-T I.432
Even though the specifications herein may resemble specifications, descriptions or requirements of third parties or portions thereof, nothing herein shall be deemed, expressly or by implication, to be a warranty by such third parties or an endorsement by any of them or concurrence by any of them in any representation with respect to the ATM Pocket Guide developed by TEKELEC, its employees or agents.

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Ensure The Quality Of Your Network Services

Tekelecs highly adaptable Chameleon Open ensures the quality of your network services. This multi-protocol analyzer can monitor, analyze and simulate the most demanding real-world conditions over all your major networks.

Intelligent Network Testing Made Easy

The MGTS Diagnostic System is a single-platform solution for all your Intelligent Network testing needs, from simulated function test to deployment. Networked over your existing LAN/WAN, MGTS reduces development cycles and eliminates the need to co-locate equipment. Tekelecs MGTS makes testing easy so you can focus on building your business.

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Tekelecs EAGLE STP features an open distributed architecture and high capacity and throughput. It is tailored to the SS7 switching needs of independent telcos, cellular carriers, IXCs, CAPs, and RBOCs and is installed in over 50% of domestic cellular companies that have their own STPs. The EAGLE is scalable from two to 500 links giving it the capacity to grow with your needs.
26580 West Agoura Road Calabasas, California 91302 Tel 818.880.5656 Fax 818.880.6993 http://www.tekelec.com