Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 41 views

    DDA Technique To Draw A Straightline.

    Uploaded by

    Shiva Shankar B
    The document contains code snippets demonstrating different computer graphics algorithms including: 1) Drawing a straight line, circle, and national flag using DDA and Bresenham's line algorithm. 2) Simulating the shadow of a pole as the sun moves and animating a man walking with an umbrella. 3) Creating horizontal and vertical bar graphs to depict sales data from different years. 4) Simulating a progress bar and creating a pie chart to show results of an election between four parties.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    DDA Technique To Draw A Straightline.

    Uploaded by

    Shiva Shankar B
    41 views15 pages
    The document contains code snippets demonstrating different computer graphics algorithms including: 1) Drawing a straight line, circle, and national flag using DDA and Bresenham's line algorithm. 2) Simulating the shadow of a pole as the sun moves and animating a man walking with an umbrella. 3) Creating horizontal and vertical bar graphs to depict sales data from different years. 4) Simulating a progress bar and creating a pie chart to show results of an election between four parties.

    Original Title

    CGPGMS

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document contains code snippets demonstrating different computer graphics algorithms including: 1) Drawing a straight line, circle, and national flag using DDA and Bresenham's line algorithm. 2) Simulating the shadow of a pole as the sun moves and animating a man walking with an umbrella. 3) Creating horizontal and vertical bar graphs to depict sales data from different years. 4) Simulating a progress bar and creating a pie chart to show results of an election between four parties.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    41 views15 pages

    DDA Technique To Draw A Straightline.

    Uploaded by

    Shiva Shankar B
    The document contains code snippets demonstrating different computer graphics algorithms including: 1) Drawing a straight line, circle, and national flag using DDA and Bresenham's line algorithm. 2) Simulating the shadow of a pole as the sun moves and animating a man walking with an umbrella. 3) Creating horizontal and vertical bar graphs to depict sales data from different years. 4) Simulating a progress bar and creating a pie chart to show results of an election between four parties.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    DDA Technique to draw a Straightline..

    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    #include<math.h>
    #include<stdlib.h>
    #include<graphics.h>
    void main()
    {
    int gd=DETECT,gm,steps,i;
    float x1,x2,y1,y2,dx,dy,xi,yi,x,y;
    clrscr();
    initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
    printf("Enter the starting point:");
    scanf("%f%f",&x1,&y1);
    printf("Enter the ending point:");
    scanf("%f%f",&x2,&y2);
    setcolor(GREEN);
    settextstyle(3,0,3);
    outtextxy(75,450,"DDA TEchnique to draw a Straight line");
    dx = x2-x1;
    dy = y2-y1;
    if(abs(dx)> abs(dy))
    {
    steps=abs(dx);
    }
    else
    {
    steps=abs(dy);
    }
    xi=dx/steps;
    yi=dy/steps;
    x=x1;
    y=y1;
    putpixel(x,y,GREEN);
    for(i=1;i<=steps;i++)
    {
    x=x+xi;
    y=y+yi;
    putpixel(x,y,GREEN);
    }
    getch();
    }

    DDA Technique to draw Circle..


    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    #include<math.h>
    #include<dos.h>
    #include<stdlib.h>
    #include<graphics.h>
    #define PI 3.1415
    void main()
    {
    int gd=DETECT,gm,xc,yc,i,r;
    float x,y,theta;
    clrscr();
    initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
    printf("Enter radius of the circle: ");
    scanf("%d",&r);
    setcolor(GREEN);
    settextstyle(1,0,1);
    outtextxy(200,400,"DDA Technique to draw a circle");
    xc = getmaxx()/2.0;
    yc = getmaxy()/2.0;
    for(theta=0;theta<PI*2;theta=theta+0.01)
    {
    x=xc+r*cos(theta);
    y=yc+r*sin(theta);
    putpixel((int)x,(int)y,GREEN);
    delay(2);
    }
    getch();
    }

    Bersenham's technique for Straight line...


    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    #include<math.h>
    #include<stdlib.h>
    #include<dos.h>
    #include<graphics.h>
    void main()
    {
    int gd=DETECT,gm,xend,p;
    float x1,y1,x2,y2,dx,dy,x,y;
    clrscr();
    initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
    printf("\n Enter the starting point: ");
    scanf("%f%f",&x1,&y1);
    printf("\n Enter the ending point : ");
    scanf("%f%f",&x2,&y2);
    setcolor(GREEN);
    settextstyle(3,0,3);
    outtextxy(50,450,"Bersenham's Technique to draw a straight line");
    dx = abs(x2-x1);
    dy = abs(y2-y1);
    if(x1>x2)
    {
    x=x2; y=y2;
    xend=x1;
    }
    else
    {
    x=x1; y=y1;
    xend=x2;
    }
    p=2*dy-dx;
    putpixel((int)x,(int)y,WHITE);
    while(x<xend)
    {
    delay(10);
    x=x+1;
    if(p>0)
    {
    y++;
    p=p+2*(dy-dx);
    }
    else
    {
    p=p+2*dy;
    }
    putpixel((int)x,(int)y,WHITE);
    }
    getch();
    }

    Bersenham's Technique for Circle...


    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    #include<math.h>
    #include<dos.h>
    #include<stdlib.h>
    #include<graphics.h>
    plotpoints(int,int,int,int);
    void main()
    {
    int gd=DETECT,gm;
    int x,y,xc,yc,p,r;
    clrscr();
    initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
    printf("enter the center coordinates of the circle(300,300) : ");
    scanf("%d%d",&xc,&yc);
    printf("Enter the radius of the circle(100) ");
    scanf("%d",&r);
    setcolor(GREEN);
    settextstyle(1,0,1);
    outtextxy(50,450,"Bresenham's Technique to draw a circle");
    x=0; y=r;
    plotpoints(xc,yc,x,y);
    p=1-x;
    while(x<y)
    {
    if(p<0)
    p=p+2*x+1;
    else
    {
    y--;
    p=p+2*(x-y)+1;
    }
    x++;
    plotpoints(xc,yc,x,y);
    delay(100);
    }
    getch();
    }
    plotpoints(int xc,int yc,int x,int y)
    {
    putpixel(xc+x,yc+y,YELLOW);
    putpixel(xc-x,yc+y,YELLOW);
    putpixel(xc+x,yc-y,YELLOW);
    putpixel(xc-x,yc-y,YELLOW);
    putpixel(xc+y,yc+x,YELLOW);
    putpixel(xc-y,yc+x,YELLOW);
    putpixel(xc+y,yc-x,YELLOW);
    putpixel(xc-y,yc-x,YELLOW);
    return;
    }

    National Flag
    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    #include<graphics.h>
    #include<dos.h>
    flag1();
    flag2();
    flag3();
    void main()
    {
    int gd=DETECT,gm;
    int i,stangle,endangle;
    initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
    while(!kbhit())
    {
    cleardevice();
    flag1();
    setcolor(2);
    settextstyle(GOTHIC_FONT,HORIZ_DIR,2);
    outtextxy(150,300,"NATIONAL FLAG");
    delay(250);
    cleardevice();
    flag3();
    setcolor(15);
    settextstyle(TRIPLEX_FONT,HORIZ_DIR,4);
    outtextxy(150,300,"National Flag");
    delay(250);
    cleardevice();
    flag2();
    setcolor(2);
    settextstyle(TRIPLEX_FONT,HORIZ_DIR,7);
    outtextxy(150,300,"NATIONAL FLAG");
    delay(250);
    }
    getch();
    closegraph();
    return;
    }

    flag1()
    {
    int i;
    setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,6);
    bar(50,50,300,100);
    setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,WHITE);
    bar(50,100,300,150);
    setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,GREEN);
    bar(50,150,300,200);
    setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,8);
    bar(40,20,50,460);
    setcolor(BLUE);
    setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,WHITE);
    for(i=0;i<=360;i=i+15)
    pieslice(175,125,i,i+15,25);
    return;
    }
    flag2()
    {
    int i;

    flag3()
    {
    int i;

    int
    r1[8]={50,50,300,75,300,125,50,100};
    int
    r2[8]={50,100,300,125,300,175,50,150}
    ;
    int
    r3[8]={50,150,300,175,300,225,50,200}
    ;

    int
    r1[8]={50,50,300,25,300,75,50,100};
    int
    r2[8]={50,100,300,75,300,125,50,150};
    int
    r3[8]={50,150,300,125,300,175,50,200}
    ;

    setcolor(0);
    setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,6);
    fillpoly(4,r1);

    setcolor(0);
    setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,6);
    fillpoly(4,r1);
    setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,WHITE);
    fillpoly(4,r2);
    setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,GREEN);
    fillpoly(4,r3);
    setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,8);
    bar(40,20,50,460);
    setcolor(BLUE);
    setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,WHITE);
    for(i=0;i<=360;i=i+5)
    pieslice(175,137,i,i+15,25);
    return;
    }

    setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,WHITE);
    fillpoly(4,r2);
    setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,GREEN);
    fillpoly(4,r3);
    setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,8);
    bar(40,20,50,460);
    setcolor(BLUE);
    setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,WHITE);
    for(i=0;i<=360;i=i+15)
    pieslice(175,113,i,i+15,25);
    return;
    }

    Shadow of a pole as sun moves


    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    #include<graphics.h>
    void main()
    {
    int i=200,gd=DETECT,gm;
    initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
    bar(315,150,325,250);
    setfillstyle(1,8);
    while(!kbhit())
    {
    for(i=100;i>0;i=i-1)
    {
    setfillstyle(1,8);
    bar(315-i,250,315,252);
    circle(300+i*3,50+i,20);
    delay(50);
    setcolor(0);
    circle(300+i*3,50+i,20);
    setcolor(15);
    setfillstyle(1,0);
    bar(315-i,250,315,252);
    }
    for(i=0;i<100;i+1)
    {
    setfillstyle(1,8);
    bar(325,250,325+i,252);
    circle(300-i*3,50+i,20);
    delay(50);
    setcolor(0);
    circle(300-i*3,50+i,20);
    setcolor(15);
    setfillstyle(1,0);
    bar(325,250,325+i,252);
    }
    sleep(1);
    }
    getch();
    closegraph();
    }

    A Man Walking With an umbrella


    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    #include<dos.h>
    #include<graphics.h>
    #include<stdlib.h>
    void main()
    {
    int driver=DETECT,mode,i,j;
    int x1,x2,x3,x4,x5;
    int y1,y2,y3,y4,y5;
    initgraph(&driver,&mode,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
    cleardevice();
    x1=100; y1=330;
    x2=150; y2=330;
    x3=125; y3=280;
    x4=0;
    y4=330;
    x5=600; y5=332;
    for(i=0;i<500;i+=10)
    for(x1=100,x2=150;x1<150,x2>100;x1+=2,x2-=2)
    {
    delay(15);
    cleardevice();
    line(x3+i,250,150+i,240);
    line(x3+i,240,x1+i,270);
    line(150+i,249,150+i,180);
    ellipse(150+i,185,0,2350,50,5);
    line(x1+i,y1,x3+i,y3);
    line(x2+i,y2,x3+i,y3);
    ellipse(125+i,255,0,360,5,25);
    arc(150+i,225,40,140,65);
    circle(125+i,220,10);
    line(x4,y4,x5,y5);
    }
    }

    Horizontal HISTOGRAM

    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    #include<graphics.h>
    #include<stdlib.h>
    #include<math.h>
    horizontalbar(int qty[]);
    bargraph(int p[]);
    void main()
    {
    int i,qty[4],j=1990;
    clrscr();
    printf("\n Histogram of sales for 4 years");
    for(i=0;i<4;i++,j++)
    {
    printf("\n Enter the qty of cars produced in the year %d : ",j);
    scanf("%d",&qty[i]);
    }
    horizontalbar(qty);
    }
    horizontalbar(int data[])
    {
    int driver=DETECT,mode,tot;
    int i,left,right;
    static char*label[5]={"1990","1991","1992","1993"};
    initgraph(&driver,&mode,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
    clrscr();
    cleardevice();
    setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,MAGENTA);
    settextstyle(4,0,4);
    outtextxy(50,50,"HORIZONTAL HISTOGRAM");
    line(75,400,300,400);
    settextstyle(0,0,0);
    outtextxy(150,410,"SALES--->");
    line(75,220,75,400);
    settextstyle(0,1,1);
    outtextxy(35,280,"YEAR--->");
    settextstyle(0,0,0);
    left=75;
    for(i=0;i<4;i++)
    tot += data[i];
    for(i=0;i<4;i++)
    {
    if(tot != 0)
    right=left+data[i]/2;
    else
    left=right;
    bar3d(left,365-i*40,right,380-i*40,8,1);
    outtextxy(left-35,370-i*40,label[i]);
    }
    getch();
    closegraph();
    return(0);
    }

    Vertical HISTOGRAM

    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    #include<graphics.h>
    #include<stdlib.h>
    #include<math.h>
    verticalbar(int qty[]);
    bargraph(int p[]);
    void main()
    {
    int i,qty[4],j=1990;
    clrscr();
    printf("\n Histogram of sales for 4 years");
    for(i=0;i<4;i++,j++)
    {
    printf("\n Enter the qty of cars produced in the year %d : ",j);
    scanf("%d",&qty[i]);
    }
    verticalbar(qty);
    }
    verticalbar(int data[])
    {
    int driver=DETECT,mode,tot;
    int i,left,top,wide,bottom,deep;
    static char*label[5]={"1990","1991","1992","1993"};
    initgraph(&driver,&mode,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
    clrscr();
    cleardevice();
    setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,MAGENTA);
    setfillstyle(1,5);
    settextstyle(4,0,4);
    outtextxy(50,50,"VERTICAL HISTOGRAM");
    line(60,400,300,400);
    settextstyle(0,0,0);
    outtextxy(150,430,"YEAR--->");
    line(60,220,60,400);
    settextstyle(0,1,0);
    outtextxy(55,250,"SALES--->");
    settextstyle(0,0,0);
    bottom=getmaxy()-80;
    for(i=0;i<4;i++)
    tot += data[i];
    for(i=0;i<4;i++)
    {
    if(tot != 0)
    top=((1-(float)data[i]/tot)*bottom);
    else
    top=bottom;
    bar3d(i*60+75,top,i*60+90,bottom,4,1);
    outtextxy(i*60+65,bottom+10,label[i]);
    }
    getch();
    closegraph();
    return(0);
    }

    Program to stimulate a Progress bar


    #include<graphics.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    #include<alloc.h>
    #include<dos.h>
    void main()
    {
    int gd=DETECT,gm;
    int x=232,y=336,x1=236,y1=344;
    int i,m;
    unsigned int size;
    void *buffer;
    initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
    setbkcolor(BLACK);
    line(230,330,370,330);
    line(230,350,370,350);
    line(226,335,226,345);
    line(226,335,230,330);
    line(226,345,230,350);
    line(374,335,374,345);
    line(374,335,370,330);
    line(374,345,370,350);
    outtextxy(275,365,"LOADING...");
    for(i=1;i<5;i++)
    {
    setfillstyle(1,GREEN);
    bar(x,y,x1,y1);
    x=x1+2;
    x1=x1+6;
    }
    size = imagesize(232,336,256,344);
    buffer=malloc(size);
    getimage(232,336,256,344,buffer);
    x=232;
    m=0;
    while(!kbhit())
    {
    putimage(x,336,buffer,XOR_PUT);
    x=x+2;
    if(x>=350)
    {
    m++;
    x=232;
    if(m==5)
    return;
    }
    putimage(x,336,buffer,XOR_PUT);
    delay(30);
    }
    getch();
    }

    Pie chart depiction of the results of an election between


    four parties.
    #include<stdlib.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<graphics.h>
    #include<math.h>
    void main()
    {
    int gd=DETECT,gm;
    int i,total=0,xc,yc,r,data[4];
    float x,y,sangle=0,endangle;
    initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
    setcolor(GREEN);
    xc=getmaxx()/2.0;
    yc=getmaxy()/2.0;
    for(i=0;i<4;i++)
    {
    printf("\n Enter Number of votes for party %d : ",i+1);
    scanf("%d",&data[i]);
    }
    printf("\n Enter the radius of the pie chart : ");
    scanf("%d",&r);
    setcolor(GREEN);
    settextstyle(1,0,1);
    outtextxy(100,400,"Pie chart Depiction of the result ");
    outtextxy(100,420,"of an election b/w four parties ");
    setcolor(YELLOW);
    settextstyle(0,0,0);
    for(i=0;i<4;i++)
    total=total+data[i];
    for(i=0;i<4;i++)
    {
    endangle=360.00*data[i]/total+sangle;
    setfillstyle(i+3,CYAN);
    pieslice(xc,yc,sangle,endangle,r);
    sangle=endangle;
    getch();
    }
    }

    Program to implement the Cohen-Sutherland line


    clipping algorithm
    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    #include<graphics.h>
    int outcode(int x,int y);
    void clipping(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2);
    int xleft,xright,ytop,ybottom;
    float m;
    int gd=DETECT,gm;
    void main()
    {
    int x1,x2,x3,x4,y1,y2,y3,y4;
    clrscr();
    printf("Enter the starting point & Ending point of Line -> \n");
    scanf("%d%d%d%d",&x1,&y1,&x2,&y2);
    xleft=150;
    xright=300;
    ytop=150;
    ybottom=300;
    initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
    rectangle(xleft,ytop,xright,ybottom);
    line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
    getch();
    cleardevice();
    clipping(x1,y1,x2,y2);
    }
    void clipping(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2)
    {
    int x,y,code1,code2,check;
    setcolor(GREEN);
    code1=outcode(x1,y1);
    code2=outcode(x2,y2);
    while((code1 != 0) || (code2 != 0))
    {
    check = code1 & code2;
    if(check != 0)
    return;
    check = code1;
    if(code1 == 0)
    check = code2;
    m = (float)(y2-y1)/(x2-x1);
    if((check & 1) != 0)
    {
    y = y1+m*(xleft-x1);
    x = xleft;
    }
    if((check & 2) != 0)
    {
    y=y1+m*(xright-x1);
    x=xright;
    }

    if((check & 4) != 0)
    {
    x=x1+(ybottom-y1)/m;
    y=ybottom;
    }
    if((check & 8) != 0)
    {
    x=x1+(ytop-y1)/m;
    y=ytop;
    }
    if(check == code1)
    {
    x1=x;
    y1=y;
    code1=outcode(x,y);
    }
    else if(check == code2)
    {
    x2=x;
    y2=y;
    code2=outcode(x,y);
    }
    }
    printf("\n Clipped Line is ");
    rectangle(xleft,ytop,xright,ybottom);
    line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
    getch();
    }
    int outcode(int x,int y)
    {
    int temp = 0;
    if(x < xleft)
    temp=temp|1;
    else if(x > xright)
    temp=temp|2;
    else if(y > ybottom)
    temp=temp|4;
    else if(y < ytop)
    temp=temp|8;
    return temp;
    }

    Progress bar(short and simple)


    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    #include<alloc.h>
    #include<graphics.h>
    #include<dos.h>
    void main()
    {
    int gd=DETECT,gm;
    initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
    setcolor(13);
    settextstyle(TRIPLEX_FONT,HORIZ_DIR,0);
    setusercharsize(2,1,1,1);
    outtextxy(138,198,"LOADING");
    setcolor(13);
    settextstyle(TRIPLEX_FONT,HORIZ_DIR,0);
    setusercharsize(2,1,1,1);
    setcolor(BLUE);
    rectangle(119,199,421,231);
    rectangle(118,198,422,232);
    setcolor(10);
    for(int i=120;i<=420;i++)
    {
    line(i,200,i,230);
    delay(30);
    }
    settextstyle(TRIPLEX_FONT,HORIZ_DIR,0);
    setusercharsize(2,1,1,1);
    outtextxy(150,300,"LOADED!");
    getch();
    closegraph();
    }

    You might also like