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    Syed Haider Abbas
    Assembly language provides a symbolic representation of machine language instructions using mnemonics. An assembler program translates assembly language instructions into machine code. Basic components of assembly language include instructions, directives, labels, and comments. Assembly language allows for faster execution and more efficient memory usage than high-level languages but is less portable and more difficult to debug.

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    Syed Haider Abbas
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    Assembly language provides a symbolic representation of machine language instructions using mnemonics. An assembler program translates assembly language instructions into machine code. Basic components of assembly language include instructions, directives, labels, and comments. Assembly language allows for faster execution and more efficient memory usage than high-level languages but is less portable and more difficult to debug.

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    Assembly language provides a symbolic representation of machine language instructions using mnemonics. An assembler program translates assembly language instructions into machine code. Basic components of assembly language include instructions, directives, labels, and comments. Assembly language allows for faster execution and more efficient memory usage than high-level languages but is less portable and more difficult to debug.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    14 views7 pages

    MP Presentation

    Uploaded by

    Syed Haider Abbas
    Assembly language provides a symbolic representation of machine language instructions using mnemonics. An assembler program translates assembly language instructions into machine code. Basic components of assembly language include instructions, directives, labels, and comments. Assembly language allows for faster execution and more efficient memory usage than high-level languages but is less portable and more difficult to debug.

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    Assembly language

    Assembly language
    An easier-to-use symbolic representation of machine
    language
    Uses mnemonics for operations
     ADD, MUL, MOV, CMP, PUSH, etc.
    Also includes calls to operating system service routines
    An assembly language program is translated into
    machine language by a program called an
    assembler
    Basic components in assembly Language:
    Instruction, Directive, Label, and Comment

    1
    Example of Assembly Language Program

    ;NUMOFF.ASM: Turn NUM-LOCK indicator off. Comments


    .MODEL SMALL
    .STACK
    .CODE Assembly directive

    .STARTUP
    MOV AX,40H ;set AX to 0040H
    D1: MOV DS,AX ;load data segment with 0040H
    Instructions
    MOV SI,17H ;load SI with 0017H
    AND BYTE PTR [SI],0DFH ;clear NUM-LOCK bit
    .EXIT
    END Assembly directive

    Label

    7-2
    Microsoft MASM and Debug
     Microsoft MASM and Link Programs

    Syntax check;
    ML numoff.asm Translate assembly instructions into machine codes

     Microsoft Debug Program

    C:\> debug
    -a
    0BDF:0100 MOV AX, 40
    0BDF:0103
    -t
    AX = 0040 BX = 0000 CX = 0000 DX = 0000 SP = …………….
    …………………………………………..
    -q

    7-3
    The 8088 instruction set
    There are various groups of instructions ,which I
    studied in my previous LABS:
    Data transfer
    Arithmetic
    Logical
    Shift and rotate
    Test and bit flag
    Looping
    Repetitive string operations
    Jump and call

    4
    Overview of Assembly Language

     Advantages:

     Faster as compared to programs written using high-level languages


     Efficient memory usage
     Control down to bit level

     Disadvantages:
    ´ Need to know detail hardware implementation
    ´ Not portable
    ´ Slow to development and difficult to debug

     Basic components in assembly Language:

    Instruction, Directive, Label, and Comment

    7-5
    Debugging
    There are four debugging routines named
    dump regs,
    dump mem,
    dump stack,
    and dump math;
    Assembly language
    An assembly language program is stored as text
    (just as a higher level language program). Each
    assembly instruction represents exactly one
    machine instruction.
    The general form of an assembly instruction is:
    mnemonic operand(s)
    An assembler is a program that reads a text file with
    assembly instructions and converts the assembly
    into machine code. Compilers are programs that do
    similar conversions for high-level programming
    languages.

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