8253/8254 Data Sheet for Decision Computer 8255/8254 Timer and Counter Card Seite 1 von 16

The 8255A is a programmable peripheral interface (PPI) device designed for use in Intel mic
systems. Its function is that of a general purposes I/O component to Interface peripheral equ
microcomputer system bush. The functional configuration of the 8255A is programmed by th
software so that normally no external logic is necessary to interface peripheral devices or st

Data Bus Buffer

This 3-stable bi-directional 8-bit buffer is used to interface the 8255A to the systems data bu
transmitted or received by the buffer upon execution of input or output instructions by the CP
words and status information are also transferred through the data bus buffer.

Read/Write and Control Logic

The function of this block is to manage all of the Internal and External transfers of both Data
Status words. It accepts inputs from the CPU Address and Control business and in turn, issu
to both of the Control Groups.

(CS)

Chip Select. A ¡§low¡¦ on this input pin enables the communication between the 8255A, and

(RD)

Read. A ¡§low¡¨ on this Input pin enables the 8255A to send the data or status information to
the data bus. In essence, it allows the CPU to ¡§read from the 8255A.

(WR)

Write. A. ¡§ low¡¨ on the input pin enables the CPU to write data or control words into the 82

(A0 and A1)

Port Select 0 and Port Select 1. The Input signals, in conjunction with the RD and WR Input
selection of one of the three ports or the control word registers. They are normally connecte
significant bits of the address bus (A0 and A1).

8255A BASIC OPERATION

___ ___ ___

A1 A0 RD WR CS INPUT OPERATION (READ)

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0 0 0 1 0 PORT A ¡V DATA BUS

0 1 0 1 0 PORT B ¡V DATA BUS
1 0 0 1 0 PORT C ¡V DATA BUS
OUTPUT OPERATION (WRITE)
0 0 1 0 0 DATA BUS ¡V PORT A
0 1 1 0 0 PORT B ¡V DATA BUS
1 0 1 0 0 PORT C ¡V DATA BUS
1 1 1 0 0 DATA BUS ¡V CONTROL
DISABLE FUNCTION
X X X X 1 DATA BUS ¡V 3 STATE
1 1 0 1 0 ILLEGAL CONDITION
X X 1 1 0 DATA BUS ¡V 3 STATE

Figure 3. 8255 A Block Diagram Showing Data Bus Buffer and Read/Write Control Log

(RESET)

Reset. A ¡§high¡¨ on this Input clears the control register and all ports (A, B, C) are set to th

Group A and Group B Controls

The functional configuration of each port is programmed by the systems software. In essenc

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¡§output¡¨ a control word to the 8255A. The control word contains information such as ¡§mo
reset¡¨, etc. that Initializes the functional configuration of the 8255A.

Each of the Control blocks (Group A and Group B) accepts commands from the Read/Write
receives control words from the internal data bus and issues the proper commands to its as

Control Group A ¡V Port A and Port C upper (C7 C4)

Control Group B ¡V Port B and Port C lower (C3 C0)

The Control Word Register can only be written into. No.

Read operation of the Control Word Register is allowed.

Ports A, B, and C

The 8255A contains three 8-bit ports (A , B, and C). All can be configured in a wide variety o
characteristics by the system software but each has its own special features or personally to
the power and flexibility of the 8255A.

Port A. One 8 bit data output latch/buffer and one 8-bit data input latch.

Port B. One 8-bit data output latch/buffer and one 8-bit data input buffer.

Port C. One 8-bit data output latch/buffer and one 8-bit data input buffer (no latch for input).
divided into two 4-bit ports under the mode control. Each 4-bit port contains a 4-bit latch and
for the controls signal outputs and status signal inputs in conjunction with ports A and B.

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D7 ¡V D0 DATA BUS DIRECTIONAL

RESET RESET INPUT
CS CHIP SELECT
RD READ INPUT
WR WRITE INPUT
A0 ¡V A1 PORT ADDRESS
PA 7 PA 0 PORT A (BIT)
PB 7 PB 0 PORT B (BIT)
PC 7 PC 0 PORT C (BIT)
Vcc 5 VOLTS
GND 0 VOLTS

8255A OPERATIONAL DESCRIPTION

Mode Selection

There are three basic modes of operation that can be selected by the systems software:

Mode O ¡V Basic Input/Output

Mode 1 ¡V Strobed Input/Output

Mode 2 ¡V Bi-Directional Bus

When the reset Input goes ¡§high¡¨ all ports will be set to the Input mode (i.e., all 24 lines wi
Impedance state). After the reset is removed the 8255A can remain in the input mode with n
required. During the execution of the systems program any of the other modes may be selec
output Instruction. This allows a single 8255A to service a variety of peripheral devices with
maintenance routine.

The modes for Ports A and Port B can be separately defined, while Port C is divided into two
the Port A and Port B definitions. All of the output registers, including the status flip-flops, wi
mode is changed. Modes may be combined so that their functional definition can be ¡§tailore
stricture. For instance; Group B can be programmed in Mode 0 to monitor simple switch clos
computational results, Group A could be programmed in Mode 1 to monitor a keyboard or ta
interrupt-driven basis.

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Figure 6. Mode Definition Format

The Mode definitions and possible mode combinations may seem confusing at first but after
complete device operation a simple , logical I/O approach will surface. The design of the 825
things such as efficient PC board layout, control signal definition vs PC layout and complete
almost any peripheral device with no use of the available pints.

Single Bit Set/Reset Feature

Any of the eight bits of Port C can be Set or Reset using a single OUT put Instruction. This f
requirements in Control-based applications.

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When Port C is being used as status/control for Port A or B these Bits can be set or reset by
just as if they were data output port.

Interrupt Control Functions

When the 8255A is programmed to operate in mode 1 or mode 2, control signals are provide
request input to the CPU. The interrupt request signal generated from port C, can be inhibite
the associated INTE flip-flop, using the bit set/reset function of port C.

This function allows the Programmer to disallow or allow a specific I/O device to interrupt the
device in the interrupt structure.

INTE flip-flop definition

(BIT-SET) ¡V INTE is SET ¡V Interrupt enable

(BIT-RESET) ¡V INTE is RESET ¡V Interrupt disable

Note: All Mask flip-flops are automatically reset during mode selection and device reset.

Operating Modes

Mode 0 (Basic Input/Output). This functional configuration provides simple input operations f
¡§handshaking¡¨ is required data is simply written to or read from a specified port.

Mode O Basic Functional Definitions:

*Two 8-bit ports and two 4-bit port

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*Any port can be input or output.

*Outputs are not latched.
*Inputs are not latched.
*16 different Input/output configurations are not possible in this Mode.

Mode 0 Configuration

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Operating Modes

MODE 1 (Strobed Input/Output). This functional configuration provides a means for transferr
port in conjunction with strobes or ¡§handshaking¡¨ signals. In mode 1, port A and Port B use
or accept these ¡§handshaking¡¨ signals.

Mode 1 Basic Functional Definitions:

*Two groups (Group A and Group B)

*Each group contains one 8-bit data port and one 4-bit control/data port
*The 8-bit data port can be either Inputs or output Both inputs and outputs are latched.
*The 4-bit port is used for control and status of the 8-bit data port.

Input Control Signal Definition

STB (Strobe Input). A ¡§ low ¡§ on the input loads data into the input latch.

IBF (Input Buffer Full F/F)

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A ¡§high¡¨ on this output indicates that the data has been loaded into the input latch. In esse

IBF is set by STB input being low and is reset by the rising edge of the RD input.

INTR (Interrupt Request)

A ¡§high¡¨ on this output can be used to interrupt the CPU when an input device is requestin
is a ¡§one¡¨, IBF is a ¡§one ¡§ and INTE is ¡§one ¡§. It is reset by the falling edge of RD. This
device to request service from the CPU by simply strobing its data into port.

INTE A

Controlled by bit set/reset of PC4

INTE B

Controlled by set/reset PC2

Output Control Signal Definition

OBF (Output Buffer Full F/F). The OBF output will go ¡§low¡¨ to indicate that the CPU has
The OBF F/F will be set by rising edge of the WR input being low.

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ACK (Acknowledge Input). A ¡§low¡¨ on this input informs the 8255A that the data from po
essence, a response from the peripheral device indicating that it has received the data outpu

INTR (Interrupt Request). A ¡§high¡¨ on the output can be used to interrupt the CPU when
transmitted by the CPU. INTR is set when ACK is a ¡§one¡¨, OBF is a ¡§one¡¨, and INTE is a
edge of WR.

INTE A

Controlled by bit set/reset of PC6.

INTE B

Controlled by bit s
of
PC2.

Combination of MODE 1

Port A and B can be Individually defined as Input or output in Mode 1 to support a wide varle

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Mode 2 (Strobed Bidirectional Bus I/O). This functional configuration provides a means fo
device or structure on a single 8-bit bus for both transmitting and receiving data (bi-direction
are provided to maintain proper bus flow discipline in a similar manner to MODE.

1. Interrupt generation and enable/disable functions are also available.

MODE 2 Basic Functional Definitions:

*Used in Group A only.

*One 8-bit, bi-directional bus Port (Port A) and a 5-bit control Port (Port C).
*Both Inputs and Outputs are latched.
*The 5-bit control port (Port C) is used for control and status for the 8-bit,bi-directional bus po

Bi-directional Bus I/O Control Signal Definition

INTR (Interrupt Request). A high on this output can be used to interrupt the CPU for both in

Output Operations
OBF (Output Buffer Full). The OBF output will go ¡§low¡¨ to indicate that the CPU has writt

ACK (Acknowledge). A ¡§low¡¨ on this input enables the iri-state output buffer of port A to s
output buffer will be in the high impedance state.

INTE 1 (The INTE Flip-Flop Associated with OBF). Controlled by bit set/reset of PC6

Input Operations
STB (Strobe Interrupt)

STB (Strobed Input). A ¡§low¡¨ on this input loads data into the input latch.

IBF (Input Buffer Full F/F). A ¡§high¡¨ on this output indicates that data has been loaded into

INTE 2 (The INTE Flip-Flop Associated with IBF). Controlled by bit set/reset of PC4.

Mode Definition Summary

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Special Mode Combination Considerations

There are several combinations or modes when not all of the bits in Port C are used for cont
can be used as follows:

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If Programmed as Inputs-

All input lines can be accessed during a normal Port C read.

If programmed as Outputs-

Bits in C upper (PC7-PC4) must be individually accessed using the bit set/reset function.

Bits in C lower (PC3_Pco) can be accessed using the bit set/reset function or accessed as a

Source Current Capability on Port B and Port C

Any set of eight output buffers, selected randomly from Ports B and Ports C can source 1mA
the 8255A to directly drive Darlington type drivers and high-voltage displays that require suc

Reading Port C Status

In Mode O, Port C transfers data to or from the peripheral device. When the 8255 is program
Port C generates or accepts ¡§hand shaking¡¨ signals with the peripheral device. Reading th
programmer to test or verify the ¡§status¡¨ of each peripheral device and change the program

There is co special instruction to read the status information from Port C. A normal read ope
perform this function.

Figure 17. MODE 1 STATUS WORD FORMAT

INPUT CONFIGURATION

OUTPUT CONFIGURATION

Figure 18. Mode 2 Status Word Format

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DEFINE BY MODE 0 MODE 1 SELECTION

DOWNLOAD 8255 DATA SHEET

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