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    Biology Core Practical 2

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    Roman Crame
    Fruit juice is a strong reducing agent and can be used to decolorize a dye. My hypothesis is that citrus fruit drinks such as orange or lemon will contain more Vitamin C than non citrus fruit drinks. My null hypothesis is that the citrus and non citrus. Fruit drinks both have the same amount of Vitamin C within each drink.

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    Biology Core Practical 2

    Uploaded by

    Roman Crame
    13K views6 pages
    Fruit juice is a strong reducing agent and can be used to decolorize a dye. My hypothesis is that citrus fruit drinks such as orange or lemon will contain more Vitamin C than non citrus fruit drinks. My null hypothesis is that the citrus and non citrus. Fruit drinks both have the same amount of Vitamin C within each drink.

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    Fruit juice is a strong reducing agent and can be used to decolorize a dye. My hypothesis is that citrus fruit drinks such as orange or lemon will contain more Vitamin C than non citrus fruit drinks. My null hypothesis is that the citrus and non citrus. Fruit drinks both have the same amount of Vitamin C within each drink.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    13K views6 pages

    Biology Core Practical 2

    Uploaded by

    Roman Crame
    Fruit juice is a strong reducing agent and can be used to decolorize a dye. My hypothesis is that citrus fruit drinks such as orange or lemon will contain more Vitamin C than non citrus fruit drinks. My null hypothesis is that the citrus and non citrus. Fruit drinks both have the same amount of Vitamin C within each drink.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
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    The experiment aimed to determine the vitamin C content of different fruit juices using a dye and measuring the amount of juice needed to decolorize it. The results showed that the apple juice contained slightly more vitamin C than the orange juice tested, contrary to the initial hypothesis.

    The purpose of the experiment was to investigate the exact amount of Vitamin C content in different fruit juices.

    The independent variable was the type of fruit juice, while the dependent variable was the amount of fruit juice needed to decolorize the dye solution.

    Biology Core Practical:

    How much Vitamin C does fruit juice contain?


    Purpose:

    The purpose of my experiment is to investigate the exact amount of Vitamin C


    content in fruit juice. In order to do this I will use liquids that contain Vitamin C, fruit
    juice, which is a strong reducing agent and use it to decolorize the dark blue DCPIP
    dye.

    Hypothesis:

    My Hypothesis is that the citrus fruit drinks such as orange or lemon will contain
    more Vitamin C than non citrus fruit drinks such as apple or blackcurrant.

    Null Hypothesis:

    My null hypothesis is that the citrus and non citrus fruit drinks both have the same
    amount of Vitamin C within each drink.

    What will I be measuring?

    I will be measuring the amount of fruit juice required to decolourise the DCPIP
    solution in cm3. I will also be working out the average of juice required to
    decolourise, and the Vitamin C content of the juice.

    Apparatus:

    During the experiment I will be using an array of items, these include:

    • A range of fruit juices which is essential to the experiment as I need to


    measure the vitamin c content in each type of juice.
    • Standard 1% vitamin c solution which I will be using as a baseline to compare
    with the Vitamin C content of each type of fruit juice.
    • Measuring Pipette and burette which is essential in accurately measuring the
    fruit juice and the DCPIP solution.
    • Standard Laboratory glassware and apparatus which is needed in order to have
    a place to contain the liquids used in the experiment.
    • DCPIP which is a dark blue dye used to be decolorized by the vitamin c in
    order to measure the content of Vitamin C in the juice.
    Independent Variable:

    The Independent variable in my experiment will have to be the different types of fruit
    juices that I will be testing in order to see if the fruit juice contains the amount of
    Vitamin C that it states to have in the label.

    Dependent Variable:

    The dependent variable in my experiment will have to be the amount of fruit juice
    needed to decolourize the DCPIP solution which will be different for each type of
    fruit juice.

    Control Variable:

    The control variable for this experiment will have to be the amount DCPIP that I use
    for each type of fruit juice as they need to be kept the same in order for the results to
    be more accurate and valid. Another control variable will have to be the colour of the
    fruit juice for example blackcurrant juice will be difficult as the colour of the juice is
    as dark as the colour of the DCPIP solution so noticing any changes will be difficult.

    Risk Assessment

    Hazard Risk (1-5) 1 – Lowest, Prevention Emergency


    5 – Highest Taken Action/Control
    The DCPIP 3 By wearing an If the DCPIP stains
    Solution staining Apron and your skin quickly
    skin or getting into goggles it will wash it in cold
    peoples eyes. prevent the water.
    solution getting
    into peoples
    clothes or eyes.
    Glassware 2 Carefully If the glassware
    breaking. handle the breaks carefully put
    equipment all of the pieces
    into the bin.
    Vitamin C or Fruit 3 By wearing an If juice gets into
    juices getting into Apron and your eyes quickly
    peoples eyes. goggles it will alert the teacher
    prevent the and they will tell
    solution getting you what to do
    into peoples next.
    clothes or eyes.

    Method:

    1. Use a 1 ml pipette and a pipette filler to prepare a test tube with 1 ml of blue
    DCPIP solution. Prepare a few in a batch.
    2. Fill a 5 ml measuring pipette with the standard Vitamin C solution.
    3. Slowly and gently add the Vitamin C solution into the DCPIP test tube drop
    by drop. Hold the dropper vertically. Make sure that the drop size is constant
    in order to make the results more accurate.
    4. After adding one drop, do not shake the contents.
    5. Stop dropping when the blue colour disappears.
    6. The end result is taken when the dark blue solution suddenly becomes
    colourless.
    7. Record the number of drops of Vitamin C solution in cm3 required to
    decolourise the DCPIP solution.
    8. Repeat the experiment 3 times for each fruit juice.
    9. Enter the results into an appropriate table
    10. Repeat the experiment for other fruit juices.
    11. Rinse the dropper/syringe with water and then a new fruit juice to reduce
    contamination and ensure accuracy.

    Results:

    Juice tested Volume of juice required to Average Vitamin C content of


    decolourise 1 cm3 of 0.1% of juice juice/mg cm–3
    DCPIP solution/cm3 required
    /cm3
    1% of Vitamin C 1ml 1ml 1ml 1ml 10mg
    Apple Juice 4ml 2ml 3ml 3ml 1.14mg
    Orange Juice 3ml 3ml 2ml 2.66ml 1.01mg
    Volume of Juice required to decolourise 1cm3 of
    0.01% DCPIP solution/cm3

    4.5

    3.5
    Amount of Liquid (ml)

    2.5 1% of Vitamin C
    Apple Juice
    2
    Orange Juice
    1.5

    0.5

    0
    1 2 3
    Experiments
    Discussion:

    When reading my results my hypothesis of citrus based fruit drinks containing more
    vitamin c than non citrus based fruit drinks is inconclusive because although the apple
    juice that I have tested contained slightly more vitamin c than the orange juice it
    might be just that one particular brand of juice. The results maybe different for each
    brand of juice and also the freshly squeezed juices might have more Vitamin C than
    factory produced juice which have added additives in it.

    However by looking at my results you can see that I was wrong in hypothesis with the
    juices that I have used because the non citrus juice, apple, contained more Vitamin C
    than the citrus based fruit juice orange.

    I used a 1% concentration of Vitamin C in order for it to be a baseline on how much


    Vitamin C fruit juices are supposed to have, as you can see 1ml of the concentration
    contains more Vitamin C than 3ml of the apple juice that I used for the experiment.
    This may raise some question on the advertising used or the claims that the company
    makes about their fruit juice containing a lot of Vitamin C.

    Reliability and Validity:

    With every experiment even when special measure is taken there will always be a
    chance that the data recorded is anomalous and that is why whenever we got an
    anomalous result we decided to repeat the procedure. However people should take
    care to only note down accurate, reliable and valid data in order for the results to
    make sense. This is why we repeated the experiment two more time for each fruit
    juice to ensure that the data recorded was accurate, reliable and valid. We also made
    sure that there was only one independent variable in order to minimise confusion and
    to make sure that our results became more valid.

    The apparatus was washed with each use in order to minimise the chances of
    contamination and to make sure that our results were accurate, reliable and valid. By
    using measuring pipettes and measuring beakers we ensured that our results were
    accurate and valid.

    Errors:

    Like reliability and validity all experiments have a chance of encountering errors it is
    up to the group to ensure that this chance is as small as possible. Systematic errors
    have occurred during the experiment for example we may have measured the DCPIP
    solution inaccurately in order to fix this we made sure that our measuring pipette was
    accurate by making sure that it measured in millilitres. We also made sure that our
    measuring beakers where measuring the correct volume.

    We eliminated the inconsistency of results by using the same measuring droppers,


    beakers and other measuring equipment. However random errors may have occurred
    in our experiment but we tackled this problem by having everyone in the group
    become focused and careful this minimise the amount of errors that will happen
    within the experiment.
    References:

    Salters-Nuffield Advanced Biology, Pearson Education Ltd 2008. © University


    of York Science Education Group. Activity 1.21

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