Philips 26LW5022 - T8 Chassis Service Manual
Philips 26LW5022 - T8 Chassis Service Manual
Philips 26LW5022 - T8 Chassis Service Manual
Proper service and repair is important to the safe, reliable operation of all Philips
Consumer Electronics Company** Equipment. The service procedures recommended by
Philips and described in this service manual are effective methods of performing service
operations. Some of these service operations require the use of tools specially designed
for the purpose. The special tools should be used when and as recommended.
It is important to note that this manual contains various CAUTIONS and NOTICES
which should be carefully read in order to minimize the risk of personal injury to service
personnel. The possibility exists that improper service methods may damage the
equipment. It also is important to understand that these CAUTIONS and NOTICES
ARE NOT EXHAUSTIVE. Philips could not possibly know, evaluate and advise the
service trade of all conceivable ways in which service might be done, or of the possible
hazardous consequences of each way. Consequently, Philips has not undertaken any such
broad evaluation. Accordingly, a servicer who uses a service procedure or tool which is
not recommended by Philips must first satisfy himself thoroughly that neither his safety
nor the safe operation of the equipment will be jeopardized by the service method
selected.
WARNING
Critical components having special safety characteristics are identified with a or
"S" by the Ref. No. in the parts list and enclosed within a broken line* (where
several critical components are grouped in one area) along with the safety symbol
on the schematics or exploded views. Use of substitute replacement parts which
do not have the same specified safety characteristics may create shock, fire, or other
hazards. Under no circumstances should the original design be modified or altered
without written permission from Philips. Philips assumes no liability, express or
implied, arising out of any unauthorized modification of design. Servicer assumes all
liability.
2. Never release a repaired unit unless all protective devices such as insulators, barriers, covers, strain
reliefs, and other hardware have been installed in accordance with the original design.
3. Soldering and wiring must be inspected to locate possible cold solder joints, solder splashes, sharp solder
points, frayed leads, pinched leads, or damaged insulation (including the ac cord). Be certain to remove
loose solder balls and all other loose foreign particles.
4. Check across-the-line components and other components for physical evidence of damage or
deterioration and replace if necessary. Follow original layout, lead length, and dress.
5. No lead or component should touch a receiving tube or a resistor rated at 1 watt or more. Lead tension
around protruding metal surfaces or edges must be avoided.
6. Critical components having special safety characteristics are identified with an 'S' by the Ref. No. in the
parts list and enclosed within a broken line* (where several critical components are grouped in one area)
along with the safety symbol on the schematic diagrams and /or exploded views.
7. When servicing any unit, always use a separate isolation transformer for the chassis. Failure to use a
separate isolation transformer may expose you to possible shock hazard, and may cause damage to
servicing instruments.
8. Many electronic products use a polarized ac line cord (one wide pin on the plug). Defeating this safety
feature may create a potential hazard to the servicer and the user. Extension cords which do not
incorporate the polarizing feature should never be used.
9. After reassembly of the unit, always perform an ac leakage test or resistance test from the line cord to all
exposed metal parts of the cabinet. Also, check all metal control shafts (with knobs removed), antenna
terminals, handles, screws, etc., to be sure the unit may be safely operated without danger of electrical
shock.
3. Measure the resistance value between the jumpered ac plug and all exposed cabinet parts of the receiver,
such as screw heads, antennas, and control shafts. When the exposed metallic part has a return path to the
chassis, the reading should be between 1 megohm and 5.2 megohms. When the exposed metal does not
have a return path to the chassis, the reading must be infinity. Remove the jumper from the ac line cord.
2. Connect a 1.5k, 10W resistor paralleled by a 0.15uF. capacitor between each exposed metallic cabinet
part and a good earth ground such as a water pipe, as shown below.
3. Use an ac voltmeter with at least 5000 ohms/volt sensitivity to measure the potential across the resistor.
4. The potential at any point should not exceed 0.75 volts. A leakage current tester may be used to make
this test; leakage current must not exceed 0.5mA. If a measurement is outside of the specified limits,
there is a possibility of shock hazard. The receiver should be repaired and rechecked before returning it
to the customer.
5. Repeat the above procedure with the ac plug reversed. (Note: An ac adapter is necessary when a
polarized plug is used. Do not defeat the polarizing feature of the plug.)
OR
With the instrument completely reassembled, plug the ac line cord directly into a 120Vac outlet. (Do not
use an isolation transformer during this test.) Use a leakage current tester or a metering system that
complies with American National Standards Institute (ANSI) C101.1 Leakage Current for Appliances and
Underwriters Laboratories (UL) 1410, (50.7). With the instrument ac switch first in the on position and
then in the off position, measure from a known earth ground (metal water pipe, conduit, etc.) to all exposed
metal parts of the instrument (antennas, handle brackets, metal cabinet, screw heads, metallic overlays,
control shafts, etc.), especially any exposed metal parts that offer an electrical return path to the chassis.
Any current measured must not exceed 0.5mA. Reverse the instrument power cord plug in the outlet and
repeat the test. See the graphic below.
TV SAFETY NOTES
SAFETY CHECKS
After the original service problem has been corrected, a complete safety check should be made. Be sure to
check over the entire set, not just the areas where you have worked. Some previous servicer may have left
an unsafe condition, which could be unknowingly passed on to your customer. Be sure to check all of the
following:
WARNING: Before removing the CRT anode cap, turn the unit OFF and short the HIGH VOLTAGE to
the CRT DAG ground.
IMPLOSION
1. All picture tubes used in current model receivers are equipped with an integral implosion system.
Care should always be used, and safety glasses worn, whenever handling any picture tube. Avoid
scratching or otherwise damaging the picture tube during installation.
X-RADIATION
1. Be sure procedures and instructions to all your service personnel cover the subject of X-radiation.
Potential sources of X-rays in TV receivers are the picture tube and the high voltage circuits. The
basic precaution which must be exercised is to keep the high voltage at the factory recommended
level.
2. To avoid possible exposure to X-radiation and electrical shock, only the manufacturer's specified
anode connectors must be used.
3. It is essential that the service technician has an accurate HV meter available at all times. The
calibration of this meter should be checked periodically against a reference standard.
4. When the HV circuitry is operating properly there is no possibility of an X-radiation problem. High
voltage should always be kept at the manufacturer's rated value - no higher - for optimum
performance. Every time a color set is serviced, the brightness should be run up and down while
monitoring the HV with a meter to be certain that the HV is regulated correctly and does not exceed
the specified value. We suggest that you and your technicians review test procedures so that HV and
HV regulation are always checked as a standard servicing procedure, and the reason for this prudent
routine is clearly understood by everyone. It is important to use an accurate and reliable HV meter. It
is recommended that the HV reading be recorded on each customer's invoice, which will
demonstrate a proper concern for the customer's safety.
5. When troubleshooting and making test measurements in a receiver with a problem of excessive high
voltage, reduce the line voltage by means of a Variac to bring the HV into acceptable limits while
troubleshooting. Do not operate the chassis longer than necessary to locate the cause of the excessive
HV.
6. New picture tubes are specifically designed to withstand higher operating voltages without creating
undesirable X-radiation. It is strongly recommended that any shop test fixture which is to be used
with the new higher voltage chassis be equipped with one of the new type tubes designed for this
service. Addition of a permanently connected HV meter to the shop test fixture is advisable. The
CRT types used in these new sets should never be replaced with any other types, as this may result in
excessive X-radiation.
7. It is essential to use the specified picture tube to avoid a possible X-radiation problem.
8. Most TV receivers contain some type of emergency "Hold Down" circuit to prevent HV from rising
to excessive levels in the presence of a failure mode. These various circuits should be understood by
all technicians servicing them, especially since many hold down circuits are inoperative as long as
the receiver performs normally.
PARTS REPLACEMENT
Many electrical and mechanical parts in Philips television sets have special safety related
characteristics. These characteristics are often not evident from visual inspection nor can the protection
afforded by them necessarily be obtained by using replacement components rated for higher voltage,
wattage, etc. The use of a substitute part which does not have the same safety characteristics as the
Philips recommended replacement part shown in this service manual may create shock, fire, or other
hazards.
CAUTION: Do not modify any circuit. Service work should be performed only after you are thoroughly
familiar with all of the following safety checks. Risk of potential hazards and injury to the user increases if
safety checks are not adhered to.
Some semiconductor solid state devices can be damaged easily by static electricity. Such components
commonly are called Electrostatically Sensitive (ES) Devices, Examples of typical ES devices are
integrated circuits and some field-effect transistors and semiconductor "chip" components. The following
techniques should be used to help reduce the incidence of component damage caused by electrostatic
discharge (ESD).
2. After removing an electrical assembly equipped with ES devices, place the assembly on a conductive
surface such as aluminum foil, to prevent electrostatic charge buildup or exposure of the assembly.
4. Use only an anti-static solder removal device. Some solder removal devices not classified as "antistatic
(ESD protected)" can generate an electrical charge sufficient to damage ES devices.
5. Do not use Freon propelled chemicals. These can generate electrical charges sufficient to damage ES
devices.
6. Do not remove a replacement ES device from its protective package until immediately before you are
ready to install it (most replacement ES devices are packaged with leads electrically shorted together by
conductive foam, aluminum foil or comparable conductive material).
7. Immediately before removing the protective material from the leads of a replacement ES device, touch
the protective material to the chassis or circuit assembly into which the device will be installed.
CAUTION: Be sure no power is applied to the chassis or circuit and observe all other safety precautions.
8. Minimize bodily motions when handling unpackaged replacement ES devices. (Otherwise harmless
motion such as the brushing together of your clothes fabric or the lifting of your feet from a carpeted
floor can generate static electricity (ESD) sufficient to damage an ES device.)
IT MAKES SENSE TO AVOID EXPOSURE TO ELECTRICAL SHOCK. While some sources are
expected to have a possible dangerous impact, others of quite high potential are of limited current and are
sometimes held in less regard.
ALWAYS RESPECT VOLTAGES. While some may not be dangerous in themselves, they can cause
unexpected reactions – reactions that are best avoided. Before reaching into the powered color TV set, it is
best to test the high voltage insulation. It is easy to do, and is just a good service precaution.
BEFORE POWERING UP THE TV WITH THE BACK OFF (or on a test fixture), attach a clip lead to
the CRT DAG ground and to a screwdriver blade that has a well insulated handle. After the TV is powered
on and high voltage has developed, probe the anode lead with the blade, starting at the bottom of the High
Voltage Transformer (flyback – IFT). Move the blade to within two inches of the connector of the CRT. IF
THERE IS AN ARC, YOU FOUND IT THE EASY WAY, WITHOUT GETTING A SHOCK! If
there is an arc to the screwdriver blade, replace the High Voltage Transformer or the lead, (if removable)
whichever is causing the problem.
Note: a. Two (2) people are required to handle this picture tube.
b. Safety Glasses must be worn during this procedure or whenever directly handling a picture tube.
c. Take care in each step not to damage the CRT or the cabinet.
1. Remove the Chassis and the CRT Socket Board Module from the cabinet.
2. A furniture pad or blanket should be positioned on the floor to support only the CRT Face. This pad or
blanket should be high enough to keep the CRT Face approximately 12 to 14 inches off the floor.
3. Using two people, place the cabinet in a front down position with the CRT Face on the pad or blanket.
4. Place padded blocks under each corner of the cabinet to keep it from rocking.
5. Remove the four screws, at the corners of the CRT.
6. With two people lowering the cabinet to the floor, leave the CRT elevated by the pad or blanket.
Note: Take care not to grasp the neck of the CRT during this procedure, as it is extremely fragile.
7. Two (2) people may then lift the CRT from the cabinet.
8. Remove the degaussing coil from the defective CRT and mount on the replacement. Take care to
maintain the exact shape and fit.
To install the new CRT, reverse steps 1 to 7.
Technical Specifications, Connections And Chassis Overview
Technical Specifications
Reception
Feature Data
: (4.5 MHz)
: BTSC DBX
: (4.5 MHz)
Miscellaneous
Feature Data
AC voltage : 90 - 140 V (± 10 %)
AC frequency : 60 Hz (± 5 %)
Maximum humidity : 90 %
: 100 W (32”)
Connections
Audio / Video In
1 Video 1 Vpp / 75 O jq
2 Audio L (0.2 Vrms / 10 kO) jq
4 Headphone (3.5
8 - 600 O / 4 mW rt
mm)
Rear Connections
Monitor Out
1 Video 1 Vpp / 75 O kq
1 Y 0.7 Vpp / 75 O jq
2 U 0.7 Vpp / 75 O jq
3 V 0.7 Vpp / 75 O jq
AV1 In
4 Video 1 Vpp / 75 O jq
AV2 In
1 Video 1 Vpp / 75 O jq
1 gnd v
2 gnd v
3 Y 1 Vpp / 75 O j
4 C 0.3 Vpp / 75 O j
Mechanical Instructions
There are 2 configurations. With and without panel bracket. Both have a different
service position:
Main panel without bracket.
1. Remove the complete Side I/O assembly after unscrewing the 2 fixation screws.
2. Release the 2 fixation clamps and lift the board out of the bracket.
Figure:
Service Position
1. Remove the module bracket from the bottom tray by pulling it backward.
2. Hook the bracket in the first row of the cabinet bottom. In other words: reposition
the bracket from [1] to [2].
Figure:
Panel Removal
1. Lift the board out of its bracket after releasing the 2 fixation clamps.
Figure:
Rear Cover Mounting
Before you mount the rear cover, perform the following checks:
1. Check whether the AC power cord is mounted correctly in its guiding brackets.
2. Replace the strain relief of the AC power cord into the cabinet.
3. Check whether all cables are replaced in their original position.
Service Modes, Error Codes and Fault Finding
Index:
1. Test points.
2. Service Modes.
3. Problems and Solving Tips (related to CSM).
4. ComPair.
5. Error Codes.
6. The Blinking LED Procedure.
7. Protections.
8. Repair Tips.
Supporting Overviews
• I2C-IC overview
• Test points overview Main Panel
• Test points overview CRT Panel
Test Points
The chassis is equipped with test points printed on the circuit board assemblies. These
test points refer to the functional blocks:
Table: Test Point Overview
C1-C2-C3-.. Control A7
S1-S2-S3-.. Synchronization A6
The numbering is in a logical sequence for diagnostics. Always start diagnosing within a
functional block in the sequence of the relevant test points for that block.
Perform measurements under the following conditions:
Service Default Alignment Mode (SDAM) offers several features for the service
technician, while the Customer Service Mode (CSM) is used for communication
between the servicer and the customer.
The T8 chassis also offers the option of using ComPair, a hardware interface between a
computer and the TV chassis. It offers the abilities of structured troubleshooting, error
code reading, and software version readout for all T8 chassis. Minimum requirements
for ComPair: a 486 processor, Windows 3.1 and a CD-ROM drive.
55K
Mono
2US9 L01UM9x.y TDA9577(SS) ROM
(Magnavox)
Size
Stereo non-
64K
TDA9588 dBx
1US5 L01US5x.y ROM
(LS) (Magnavox),
Size
Non PIP
55K
TDA9577 Mono
2US2 L01UM2x.y ROM
(LS) (Philips)
Size
Software UOC Special
SW Cluster UOC type
name Diversity Features
Stereo non-
55K
TDA9577 dBx
3US3 L01UN3x.y ROM
(SS) (LS) (Philips),
Size
CVI
Abbreviations
in Software
name: U =
USA (NAFTA),
M = Mono, N =
Stereo on-dBx
and S =
Stereo dBx.
Purpose
After entering SDAM, the following screen is visible, with S at the upper right side for
recognition.
1. LLLL This represents the run timer. The run timer counts normal operation hours,
but does not count standby hours. (maximum four digits displayed).
2. AAABCD-X.Y This is the software identification of the main microprocessor:
§ A = the project name (L01).
§ B = the region: E= Europe, A= Asia Pacific, U= NAFTA, L= LATAM.
§ C = the feature of software diversity: N = stereo non-dBx, S = stereo dBx,
M = mono, D = DVD
§ D = the language cluster number:
§ X = the main software version number
§ Y = the sub software version number
3. S Indication of the service mode. S= SDAM= Service Default Alignment Mode.
4. Error Buffer Shows all errors detected since the last time the buffer was erased.
Five errors possible.
5. Option Bytes Used to set the option bytes. See "Options" in the Alignments
section for a detailed description. Seven codes possible.
6. Clear Erases the contents of the error buffer. Select the CLEAR menu item and
press the MENU RIGHT key. The contents of the error buffer are cleared.
7. Options Used to set the option bits. See "Options" in the Alignments section for a
detailed description.
8. AKB Used to disable (0) or enable (1) the "black current loop" (AKB = Auto Kine
Bias).
9. Tuner Used to align the tuner. See "Tuner" in the Alignments section for detailed
description.
10. White Tone Used to align the white tone. See "White Tone" in the Alignments
section for a detailed description.
11. Geometry Used to align the geometry settings of the television. See "Geometry”
in the Alignments section for a detailed description.
12. Audio No audio alignment is necessary for this television set.
How to navigate in SDAM
• In SDAM, select menu items with the MENU UP/DOWN keys on the remote
control transmitter. The selected item will be highlighted. When not all menu
items fit on the screen, use the MENU UP/DOWN keys to display the next /
previous menu items.
• With the MENU LEFT/RIGHT keys, it is possible to:
§ Activate the selected menu item.
§ Change the value of the selected menu item.
§ Activate the selected submenu.
• In SDAM, when you press the MENU button, the set will switch to the normal
user menus (with the SDAM mode still active in the background). To return to the
SDAM menu press the STATUS/EXIT button.
• When you press the MENU key in while in an SDAM submenu, you will return to
the previous menu.
To store settings changed in SDAM leave the top level SDAM menu by using the
POWER button on the remote control transmitter or the television set.
Switch the set to STANDBY by pressing the POWER button on the remote control
transmitter or the television set.
If you turn the television set off by removing the AC power (i.e., unplugging the
television) without using the POWER button, the television set will remain in SDAM
when AC power is re-applied, and the error buffer is not cleared.
Customer Service Mode (CSM)
Purpose
The Customer Service Mode shows error codes and information on the TV operation
settings. The servicer can instruct the customer to enter CSM by telephone and read off
the information displayed. This helps the servicer to diagnose problems and failures in
the TV set before making a service call.
The CSM is a read-only mode; therefore, modifications are not possible in this mode.
To enter CSM, press the following key sequence on the remote control transmitter:
1-2-3-6-5-4
Do not allow the display to time out between entries while keying the sequence.
Upon entering the Customer Service Mode, the following screen will appear:
Picture Problems
Note: The problems described below are all related to the TV settings. The procedures
used to change the value (or status) of the different settings are described.
If:
• The picture improves when you have press the AUTO PICTURE button on the
remote control transmitter, or
• The picture improves when you enter the Customer Service Mode
Then:
1. Press the AUTO PICTURE button on the remote control transmitter repeatedly (if
necessary) to choose PERSONAL picture mode.
2. Press the MENU button on the remote control transmitter. This brings up the
normal user menu.
3. In the normal user menu, use the MENU UP/DOWN keys to highlight the
PICTURE sub menu (if necessary).
4. Press the MENU LEFT/RIGHT keys to enter the PICTURE sub menu.
5. Use the MENU UP/DOWN keys (if necessary) to select BRIGHTNESS.
6. Press the MENU LEFT/RIGHT keys to increase or decrease the BRIGHTNESS
value.
7. Use the MENU UP/DOWN keys to select PICTURE.
8. Press the MENU LEFT/RIGHT keys to increase or decrease the PICTURE value.
9. Press the MENU button on the remote control transmitter twice to exit the user
menu.
10. The new PERSONAL preference values are automatically stored.
If:
The picture improves after you have pressed the "Smart Picture” button on the remote
control transmitter
Then:
1. Press the AUTO PICTURE button on the remote control transmitter repeatedly (if
necessary) to choose PERSONAL picture mode.
2. Press the MENU button on the remote control transmitter. This brings up the
normal user menu.
3. In the normal user menu, use the MENU UP/DOWN keys to highlight the
PICTURE sub menu (if necessary).
4. Press the MENU LEFT/RIGHT keys to enter the PICTURE sub menu.
5. Use the MENU UP/DOWN keys to select SHARPNESS.
6. Press the MENU LEFT key to decrease the SHARPNESS value.
7. Press the MENU button on the remote control transmitter twice to exit the user
menu.
8. The new PERSONAL preference value is automatically stored.
Snowy picture
Enter CSM, by pressing the following key sequence on the remote control transmitter:
1-2-3-6-5-4
Do not allow the display to time out between entries while keying the sequence.
Check CSM line 5. If this line reads "Not Tuned," check the following:
If:
• The picture improves after you have pressed the "Smart Picture" button on the
remote control transmitter
Then:
1. Press the AUTO PICTURE button on the remote control transmitter repeatedly (if
necessary) to choose PERSONAL picture mode.
2. Press the MENU button on the remote control transmitter. This brings up the
normal user menu.
3. In the normal user menu, use the MENU UP/DOWN keys to highlight the
PICTURE sub menu (if necessary).
4. Press the MENU LEFT/RIGHT keys to enter the PICTURE sub menu.
5. Use the MENU UP/DOWN keys to select COLOR.
6. Press the MENU RIGHT key to increase the COLOR value.
7. Press the MENU button on the remote control transmitter twice to exit the user
menu.
8. The new PERSONAL preference value is automatically stored.
If:
• The picture improves after you have pressed the "Smart Picture" button on the
remote control transmitter.
Then:
1. Press the AUTO PICTURE button on the remote control transmitter repeatedly (if
necessary) to choose PERSONAL picture mode.
2. Press the MENU button on the remote control transmitter. This brings up the
normal user menu.
3. In the normal user menu, use the MENU UP/DOWN keys to highlight the
PICTURE sub menu (if necessary).
4. Press the MENU LEFT/RIGHT keys to enter the PICTURE sub menu.
5. Use the MENU UP/DOWN keys to select PICTURE.
6. Press the MENU LEFT key to decrease the PICTURE value.
7. Press the MENU button on the remote control transmitter twice to exit the user
menu.
8. The new PERSONAL preference value is automatically stored.
ComPair
Introduction
ComPair (Computer Aided Repair) is a service tool for Philips Consumer Electronics
products. ComPair is a further development of the DST (special remote control
transmitter for Service), which allows faster and more accurate diagnostics. ComPair
has three big advantages:
• ComPair helps you quickly get an understanding on how to repair the chassis in
a short time by guiding you systematically through the repair procedures.
• ComPair allows very detailed diagnostics (onI2C level) and is therefore capable
of accurately indicating problem areas. You do not have to know anything about
I2C commands yourself because ComPair takes care of this.
• ComPair speeds up the repair time since it can automatically communicate with
the chassis (when the microprocessor is working) and all repair information is
directly available. When ComPair is installed together with the Force electronic
manual of the T8 chassis, schematics and CBAs are only a mouse-click away.
Specifications
How To Connect
1. First install the ComPair Browser software (see the Quick Reference Card for
installation instructions).
2. Connect the RS232 interface cable between a free serial (COM) port of your PC
and the PC connector (marked with "PC") of the ComPair interface.
3. Connect the AC power adapter to the supply connector (marked “POWER 9V
DC") on the ComPair interface.
4. Switch the ComPair interface OFF.
5. Switch the television set OFF (and remove the AC power).
6. Connect the ComPair interface cable between the connector on the rear side of
the ComPair interface (marked"I2C") and the ComPair connector on the mono
carrier (Connector0267).
7. Plug the AC power adapter in the AC power outlet and switch on the ComPair
interface. The green and red LEDs light up together. The red LED turns off after
approximately 1 second, while the green LED remains lit.
8. Start the ComPair program and read the "introduction" chapter.
Figure: ComPair Connection
How To Order
Error Buffer
The error code buffer contains all errors detected since the last time the buffer was
erased. The buffer is written from left to right. When an error occurs that is not yet in the
error code buffer, it is displayed at the left side and all other errors shift one position to
the right.
How To Read The Error Buffer
Note:
If SDAM is exited by disconnecting the AC power from the television set, the error buffer
is not reset.
Error Codes
In case of non-intermittent faults, write down the errors present in the error buffer and
clear the error buffer before you begin the repair.
This ensures that old error codes are no longer present.
If possible, check the entire contents of the error buffer. In some situations an error
code is only the result of another error and not the actual cause of the problem (for
example, a fault in the protection detection circuitry can also lead to a protection).
Error Check
ERROR Device Diagram
description item
X-Ray 2465,
1 Not applicable A2
Protection 7460
7460,
7461,
Horizontal
2 Not applicable 7462, A2
Protection
7463,
6467
7861,
Vertical
3 TDA8359/TDA9302 VloAux A2, A3
Protection
+13v
MAP I2C
7831, A9 or
4 MSP34X5/TDA9853 identification
7861 A11
error
7200,
General I2C
6 I2C bus 3624, A7
bus error
3625
7 Not applicable - - -
E/W 7400,
Protection 3405,
8 Not applicable A2
(Large 3406,
Screen) 3400
7602,
NVM I2C
3611,
9 M24C08 identification A7
3603,
error
3604
Tuner I2C
1000,
10 Tuner identification A2, A4
7482
error
7330,
Black current
RGB
11 TDA6107/8 loop B1, B2
amps,
protection
CRT
MAP I2C
12 M65669 identification 7803 P
error
Using this procedure, you can make the contents of the error buffer visible via the front
LED. This is especially useful when there is no picture.
When the SDAM is entered, the LED will blink the contents of the error-buffer:
If a fault situation is detected, an error code will be generated; and, if necessary, the
television set will go in to protection mode. Blinking of the red LED at a frequency of 3
Hz indicates the protection mode. In some error cases, the microprocessor does not put
the set in protection mode. The error codes of the error buffer and the blinking LED
procedure can be read via the Service Default Alignment Menu (SDAM), or via
ComPair.
To get a quick diagnosis the chassis has two service modes implemented:
Repair Tips
Check power supply IC 7520. Result: voltage at pins 1,3, 4, 5 and 6 are about 180 V
and pin 8 is 0 V. The reason why the voltage on these pins is so high is because the
output driver (pin6) has an open load. That is why MOSFET 7521 is not able to
switch. Reason: feedback resistor 3523 is defective. Caution: Be careful measuring
the gate of 7521; circuitry is very high ohmic and can easily be damaged!
• Set is in hiccup mode and shuts down after 8 seconds Blinking LED (set is in
SDAM mode) indicates error 5. As it is unlikely that P "POR" and "+8V
protection" happen at the same time, measure the"+8V" supply. If this voltage is
missing, check transistor7480.
• Set is in non-stop hiccup mode
Set is in over-current mode; check the secondary sensing (optocoupler 7515) and the
"Main Power Supply" voltage. Signal "Stdby_con" must be logic low under normal
operation conditions and goes to high (3.3 V) under standby and fault conditions.
The screen shows snow, but OSD and other menus are okay. Blinking LED
procedure indicates error 11, so problem is expected in the tuner (part reference
number 1000). Check presence of supply voltages. "Vlotaux+5V" voltages at pin
5 and 7 are okay; "VT_supply" at pin 9 is missing. Conclusion: resistor 3460is
defective.
• Set turns on, but with a half screen at the bottom. Sound is okay
Note: The Service Default Alignment Mode (SDAM) is described in the "Service Modes, Error
Codes and Fault Finding" section. SDAM menu navigation is performed by using the MENU
UP, MENU DOWN, MENU LEFT, and MENU RIGHT keys of the remote control transmitter.
1. Use the master setup remote control to identify the television’s operational mode (either
“consumer” or “commercial”). Place the master setup remote control in setup mode by pressing
the TV SETUP key.
2. Press the RECALL key. Information similar to the following will be displayed.
Status Item Status Data Meaning
SYSTEM STATUS
(L011TV-US4PV) Information title
MODE COMMERCIAL/CONSUMER Operational mode
CHANNEL CHANNEL, INPUT Currently tuned channel/input
DCM OFF/ON Data Comm. Module online/offline
CODES 209 222 1 33 Internal data for factory/service use
SIGNAL TUNED/NOT TUNED Valid signal present/absent
OP HRS 0031h Number of hours set has operated (hex)
ERRORS 00000 Internal data for factory/service use
VERSION 3.3 Microprocessor software version
3. To change the television’s mode, ensure the master setup remote control is in setup mode, then
press the 0-2-4-9-9-5-MENU keys in order, without permitting the display to time out while
entering the key sequence.
Note: If the operational mode is changed, the television must be turned off and then back on to
complete the mode change. When the television is in consumer mode, do not use the master setup
remote control to activate commercial mode features.
4. When the television is in commercial mode, the Institutional Television Menu may be accessed by
pressing the MENU button. Though the specific items in the menu will vary, information similar to the
following will be displayed.
5. After making changes to the settings, the EXIT option may be used to leave the Institutional Television
Menu.
Hardware Alignments
Figure: V Cut-Off
Focusing
1. Connect the RF output of a video pattern generator to the antenna input.
2. Input a circle or crosshatch test pattern to the television set.
3. Press the AUTO PICTURE button on the remote control transmitter repeatedly to
choose PERSONAL or MOVIES picture mode.
4. Adjust the FOCUS potentiometer (see Fig. 8-1)until the vertical lines near the left and
right sides of the screen, and near the horizontal center of the screen, are at minimum
width without visible haze.
Software Alignments and Settings
The following options are performed in the Service Default Alignment Mode (SDAM). SDAM
is described in the "Service Modes, Error Codes and Fault Finding" section.
The following alignments are explained:
1. OPTIONS
2. TUNER
3. WHITE TONE
4. GEOMETRY
5. AUDIO
Options
Options are used to control the presence or absence of certain features and hardware.
* Option Byte Data for these models was not available at manual release.
Refer to future updates to this manual regarding these models.
Tuner
Note: Described alignments are only necessary when the NVM (part reference number7602)
is replaced.
SL (Slicing Level)
This adjustment sets the sync slicing level for non-standard signals.
SL should be turned ON to help correct picture instability in premium decoded cable
channels.
OFF: slicing level dependent on noise detector
ON: fixed slicing level of 70%
To adjust SL:
1. Enter SDAM:
Press the following key sequence on the remote control transmitter:
0-6-2-5-9-6-MENU Do not allow the display to time out between entries while keying
the sequence.
2. Use the MENU UP/DOWN keys to highlight the TUNER sub menu.
3. Press the MENU LEFT/RIGHT keys to enter the TUNER sub menu.
4. Use the MENU UP/DOWN keys to select SL.
5. Use the MENU LEFT/RIGHT keys to toggle SL "Off" and "On"
6. Press the MENU button to return to the top level SDAM menu.
7. To ensure the SL setting is saved: Turn the television set OFF by using the POWER
button on the remote control transmitter or the local keyboard. Disconnect the
television set from AC power for at least ten seconds. Reconnect the television set to
AC power. Turn the television set ON by using the POWER button on the remote
control transmitter or the local keyboard.
White Tone
The values of the black cut off level can be adjusted in the WHITE TONE sub menu.
Normally, no alignment is needed for WHITETONE, and the given default values are used.
Default settings:
NORMAL (color temperature = 9600 K):
NORMAL RED = 40
NORMAL GREEN = 40
NORMAL BLUE = 40
Geometry
The geometry alignments menu contains several Items for correct picture geometry
alignment.
Horizontal:
Horizontal Parallelogram (HP) Aligns straight vertical lines at the top and the bottom of
the screen; vertical rotation around the center.
Horizontal Bow (HB) Aligns straight horizontal lines at the top and the bottom of the
screen; horizontal rotation around the center.
Horizontal Shift (HSH) Aligns the horizontal center of the picture to the horizontal center
of the CRT.
East West Width (EWW) Aligns the width of the picture.
East West Parabola (EWP) Aligns straight vertical lines at the sides of the screen.
Upper Corner Parabola (UCP) Aligns straight vertical lines in the upper corners of the
screen.
Lower Corner Parabola (LCP) Aligns straight vertical lines in the lower corners of the
screen.
East West Trapezium (EWT) Align straight vertical lines at the middle of the screen.
Vertical:
Vertical slope (VSL) Aligns the picture so the proportions are the same at the top and
bottom of the screen. This alignment must be performed first, before all other vertical
alignments. Turning SBL ON will assist in performing this alignment.
Vertical Amplitude (VAM) Aligns the height of the picture (other vertical alignments are
NOT compensated).
Vertical S-Correction (VSC) Aligns the vertical linearity, so that the vertical intervals of the
grid-patterns are the same over the entire height of the screen.
Vertical Shift (VSH) Aligns the vertical center of the picture to the vertical center of the
CRT. After performing this alignment, it may be necessary to perform the VAM
alignment again.
Vertical Zoom (VX) Adjusts picture height.
Service Blanking (SBL) Turns the blanking of the lower half of the screen ON or OFF (to
be used in combination with the vertical slope alignment).
The table below lists the default GEOMETRY values for the different television sets.
HP Hor. Parallelogram 31 33 33 31 33
HB Hor. Bow 30 30 30 30 30
VX Vert. Zoom 33 25 25 33 25
Audio
No alignments are necessary for the AUDIO sub menu. Use the default values.
AF-M
Default value is 300.
A2T
TV A2 Threshold
Default value is 250.
To adjust AF-M:
1. Enter SDAM:
Press the following key sequence on the remote control transmitter:
0-6-2-5-9-6-MENU Do not allow the display to time out between entries while keying
the sequence.
2. Use the MENU UP/DOWN keys to highlight the AUDIO sub menu.
3. Press the MENU LEFT/RIGHT keys to enter the AUDIO sub menu.
4. Use the MENU UP/DOWN keys to select AF-M.
5. Use the MENU LEFT/RIGHT keys to adjust the value of AF-M to 300.
6. Press the MENU button to return to the top level SDAM menu.
7. To ensure the AF-M setting is saved: Turn the television set OFF by using the
POWER button on the remote control transmitter or the local keyboard. Disconnect the
television set from AC power for at least ten seconds. Reconnect the television set to
AC power. Turn the television set ON by using the POWER button on the remote
control transmitter or the local keyboard.
To adjust A2T:
1. Enter SDAM:
Press the following key sequence on the remote control transmitter:
0-6-2-5-9-6-MENU Do not allow the display to time out between entries while keying
the sequence.
2. Use the MENU UP/DOWN keys to highlight the AUDIO sub menu.
3. Press the MENU LEFT/RIGHT keys to enter the AUDIO sub menu.
4. Use the MENU UP/DOWN keys to select A2T.
5. Use the MENU LEFT/RIGHT keys to adjust the value of A2T to 250.
6. Press the MENU button to return to the top level SDAM menu.
7. To ensure the A2T setting is saved: Turn the television set OFF by using the POWER
button on the remote control transmitter or the local keyboard. Disconnect the
television set from AC power for at least ten seconds. Reconnect the television set to
AC power. Turn the television set ON by using the POWER button on the remote
control transmitter or the local keyboard.
Circuit Description
Index of this chapter:
1. Introduction
2. Audio signal processing
3. Video signal processing
4. Synchronization
5. Deflection
6. Power supply
7. Control
8. Abbreviations
Introduction
The S8/T8 chassis is a global TV chassis for the model year 2001 and is used for TV
sets with screen sizes from 25” - 36” (large screen), in Super Flat, Real Flat and Wide
Screen executions.
The standard architecture consists of a Main panel, a Picture Tube panel, a Side I/O
panel and a Top Control panel. In some executions, a Picture In Picture (PIP) panel is
used.
The Main panel consists primarily of conventional components with hardly any surface
mounted devices.
Figure:
The functions for video processing, microprocessor (µP) and teletext (TXT) decoder are
combined in one IC (TDA958xH), the so-called Ultimate One Chip (UOC). This chip is
(surface) mounted on the copper side of the LSP.
Figure:
The S8/T8 is divided into 2 basic systems, i.e., mono and stereo sound. While the audio
processing for the mono sound is done in the audio block of the UOC, an external audio
processing IC is used for stereo sets.
The tuning system features 181 channels with on-screen display. The main tuning
system uses a tuner, a microcomputer, and a memory IC mounted on the main panel.
The microcomputer communicates with the memory IC, the customer keyboard, remote
receiver, tuner, signal processor IC and the audio output IC via the I 2 C bus. The
memory IC retains the settings for favorite stations, customer-preferred settings, and
service / factory data.
The on-screen graphics and closed caption decoding are done within the
microprocessor, and then sent to the signal processor IC to be added to the main
signal.
The chassis utilizes a Switching Mode Power Supply (SMPS) for the main voltage
source. The chassis has a ‘hot’ ground reference on the primary side and a cold ground
reference on the secondary side of the power supply and the rest of the chassis.
Stereo
In stereo sets, the signal goes via the SAW filter (position 1002), to the audio
demodulator part of the UOCIC 7200. The audio output on pin 48 goes to the stereo
decoder 7831or 7861. The switch inside this IC selects either the internal decoder or an
external source.
There are two stereo decoders used:
1. a BTSC DBX stereo/SAP decoder (MSP34X5 at position 7831) for the highest
specified sets and
2. a BTSC non-DBX stereo decoder (TDA 9853 at position 7861) for BTSC
Economic.
The output is fed to the to the audio amplifier (AN7522at position 7901). The volume
level is controlled at this IC (pin9) by a control line (Volume Mute) from the
microprocessor. The audio signal from 7901 is then sent to the speaker / headphone
output panel.
Mono
In mono sets, the signal goes via the SAW filter (position 1002), to the audio
demodulator part of the UOC IC 7200.The audio output on pin 48 goes, via the smart
sound circuit (7941for Bass and 7942 for Treble) and buffer 7943, to the audio amplifier
(AN7523 at position 7902).
The volume level is controlled at this IC (pin 9) by a ‘Volume Mute’ control line from the
microprocessor.
The audio signal from IC 7902 is then sent to the speaker / headphone output panel.
Figure:
Video Signal Processing
Introduction
• RF signal processing.
• Video source selection.
• Video demodulation.
• Luminance / Chrominance signal processing.
• RGB control.
• RGB amplifier
The processing circuits listed above are all integrated in the UOC TV processor. The
surrounding components are for the adaptation of the selected application. The I 2 C bus
is for defining and controlling the signals.
RF signal processing
The incoming RF signal goes to the tuner (pos.1000), where the 45.75 MHz IF signal is
developed and amplified. The IF signals then exits the tuner from pin 11 to pass through
the SAW filters (pos. 1002). The shaped signal is then applied to the IF processor part
of the UOC (pos. 7200).
Tuner AGC (Automatic Gain Control) will reduce the tuner gain and thus the tuner
output voltage when receiving strong RF signals. Adjust the AGC takeover point via the
Service Alignment Mode (SAM). The tuner AGC starts working when the video-IF input
reaches a certain input level. Adjust this level via the I 2 C bus. The tuner AGC signal
goes to the tuner (pin 1) via the open collector output (pin22) of the UOC.
The IC also generates an Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) signal that goes to the
tuning system via the I 2 C bus, to provide frequency correction when needed.
The demodulated composite video signal is available at pin 38 and then buffered by
transistor 7201.
The Composite Video Blanking Signal (CVBS) from buffer 7201 goes to the audio
carrier trap filters (1200, 1201,or 1202 depending on the system used) to remove the
audio signal. The signal then goes to pin 40 of IC 7200. The internal input switch selects
the following input signals:
Figure:
Once the signal source is selected, a chroma filter calibration is performed. The
received color burst sub-carrier frequency is used for this. Correspondingly, the chroma
band pass filter for PAL/NTSC processing or the cloche filter for SECAM processing is
switched on. The selected luminance (Y) signal is supplied to the horizontal and vertical
synchronization processing circuit and to the luminance processing circuit. In the
luminance-processing block, the luminance signal goes to the chroma trap filter. This
trap is switched "on" or "off" depending on the color burst detection of the chroma
calibration circuit.
The group delay correction part can be switched between the BG and a flat group delay
characteristic. This has the advantage that in multi-standard receivers no compromise
has to be made for the choice of the SAW filter.
Video demodulation
The color decoder circuit detects whether the signal is a PAL, NTSC or SECAM signal.
The result is made known to the auto system manager. The PAL/NTSC decoder has an
internal clock generator, which is stabilized to the required frequency by using the 12
MHz clock signal from the reference oscillator of the microcontroller / teletext decoder.
The base-band delay line is used to obtain a good suppression of cross color effects.
The Y signal and the delay line outputs U and V are applied to the luminance / chroma
signal processing part of the TV processor.
The output of the YUV separator is fed to the internal YUV switch, which switches
between the output of the YUV separator or the external YUV (for DVD or PIP) on pins
51-53. Pin 50 is the input for the insertion control signal called ‘FBL-1’. When this signal
level becomes higher than 0.9 V (but less than 3 V), the RGB signals at pins 51, 52 and
53 are inserted into the picture by using the internal switches.
Also some picture improvement features are implemented in this part:
• Black stretch This function corrects the black level of incoming signals, which
have a difference between the black level and the blanking level. The amount of
extension depends upon the difference between actual black level and the
darkest part of the incoming video signal level. It is detected by means of an
internal capacitor.
• White stretch This function adapts the transfer characteristic of the luminance
amplifier in a non-linear way depending on the average picture content of the
luminance signal. It operates in such a way that maximum stretching is obtained
when signals with a low video level are received. For bright pictures, stretching is
not active.
• Dynamic skin tone correction This circuit corrects (instantaneously and locally)
the hue of those colors which are located in the area in the UV plane that
matches the skin tone. The correction is dependent on the luminance, saturation
and distance to the preferred axis.
The YUV signal is then fed to the color matrix circuit, which converts it to R, G and B
signals.
The OSD/TXT signal from the microprocessor is mixed with the main signal at this point,
before being output to the CRT board (pins 56, 57 and 58).
The RGB control circuit enables the picture parameters contrast, brightness and
saturation to be adjusted, by using a combination of the user menus and the remote
control. Additionally automatic gain control for the RGB signals via cut-off stabilization is
achieved in this functional block to obtain an accurate biasing of the picture tube.
Therefore this block inserts the cut-off point measuring pulses into the RGB signals
during the vertical retrace period.
• Black current calibration loop Because of the 2-point black current stabilization
circuit, both the black level and the amplitude of the RGB output signals depend
on the drive characteristics of the picture tube. The system checks whether the
returning measuring currents meet the requirements, and adapt the output level
and gain of the circuit when necessary. After stabilization of the loop, the RGB
drive signals are switched on. The 2-pointblack level system adapts the drive
voltage for each cathode in such a way that the two measuring currents have the
right value. This is done with the measurement pulses during the frame flyback.
During the first frame, three pulses with a current of 8 µA are generated to adjust
the cut off voltage. During the second frame, three pulses with a current of 20 µA
are generated to adjust the ‘white drive’. This has as a consequence, that a
change in the gain of the output stage will be compensated by a gain change of
the RGB control circuit. Pin 55 (BLKIN) of the UOC is used as the feedback input
from the CRT base panel.
• Blue stretch This function increases the color temperature of the bright scenes
(amplitudes which exceed a value of 80% of the nominal amplitude). This effect
is obtained by decreasing the small signal gain of the red and green channel
signals, which exceed this 80% level.
• Beam current limiting A beam current limiting circuit inside the UOC handles the
contrast and brightness control for the RGB signals. This prevents the CRT from
being overdriven, which could otherwise cause serious damage in the line output
stage. The reference used for this purpose is the DC voltage on pin 54 (BLCIN)
of the TV processor. Contrast and brightness reduction of the RGB output signals
is therefore proportional to the voltage present on this pin. Contrast reduction
starts when the voltage on pin 54 is lower than 2.8 V. Brightness reduction starts
when the voltage on pin 54 is less than 1.7 V. The voltage on pin 54 is normally
3.3 V (limiter not active). During set switch-off, the black current control circuit
generates a fixed beam current of 1 mA. This current ensures that the picture
tube capacitance is discharged. During the switch-off period, the vertical
deflection is placed in an over-scan position, so that the discharge is not visible
on the screen.
RGB amplifier
From outputs 56, 57 and 58 of IC 7200 the RGB signals are applied to the integrated
output amplifier (7330) on the CRT panel. Via the outputs 7, 8 and 9 the picture tube
cathodes are driven.
The supply voltage for the amplifier is +200V and is derived from the line output stage.
Synchronization
Inside IC 7200 part D the vertical and horizontal sync pulses are separated. These ‘H’
and ‘V’ signals are synchronized with the incoming CVBS signal. They are then fed to
the H- and V-drive circuits and to the OSD/TXT circuit for synchronization of the On
Screen Display and Teletext (CC) information.
Deflection
Horizontal drive
The horizontal drive signal is obtained from an internal VCO, which is running at twice
the line frequency. This frequency is divided by two, to lock the first control loop to the
incoming signal.
When the IC is switched ‘on’, the ‘Hdrive’ signal is suppressed until the frequency is
correct.
The ‘Hdrive’ signal is available at pin 30. The ‘Hflybk’ signal is fed to pin 31 to phase
lock the horizontal oscillator, so that Q7462 cannot switch ‘on’ during the flyback time.
The ‘EW drive’ signal for the E/W circuit (if present) is available on pin 15, where it
drives transistor7400 to make linearity corrections in the horizontal drive.
When the set is switched on, the ‘+8V’ voltage goes to pin 9 of IC 7200. The horizontal
drive starts up in a soft start mode. It starts with a very short T ON time of the horizontal
output transistor. The T OFF of the transistor is identical to the time in normal operation.
The starting frequency during switch on is therefore about 2 times higher than the
normal value. The ‘on’ time is slowly increased to the nominal value in 1175 ms. When
the nominal value is reached, the PLL is closed in such a way that only very small
phase corrections are necessary.
The ‘EHT information’ line on pin 11is intended to be used as an ‘X-ray’ protection.
When this protection is activated (when the voltage exceeds 6 V), the horizontal drive
(pin 30) is switched "off" immediately. If the ‘H-drive’ is stopped, pin 11 will become low
again. Now the horizontal drive is again switched on via the slow start procedure.
The ‘EHT information’ line (Aquadag) is also fed back to the UOC IC 7200 pin 54, to
adjust the picture level in order to compensate for changes in the beam current.
The ‘filament’ voltage is monitored for ‘no voltage’ or ‘excessive voltage’. This voltage is
rectified by diode 6447 and fed to the emitter of transistor 7443. If this voltage goes
above 6.8 V, transistor 7443will conduct, making the ‘EHT0’ line ‘high’. This will
immediately switch off the horizontal drive (pin 30) via the slow stop procedure.
The horizontal drive signal exits IC 7200 at pin 30 and goes to 7462, the horizontal
driver transistor. The signal is amplified and coupled to the base circuit of 7460, the
horizontal output transistor. This will drive the line output transformer (LOT) and
associated circuit. The LOT provides the extra high voltage (EHT), the VG2voltage and
the focus and filament voltages for the CRT, while the line output circuit drives the
horizontal deflection coil.
Vertical drive
A divider circuit performs the vertical synchronization. The vertical ramp generator
needs an external resistor (R3245, pin 20) and capacitor (C2244, pin 21). A differential
output is available at pins 16 and 17, which are DC-coupled with the vertical output
stage.
During the insertion of RGB signals, the maximum vertical frequency is increased to 72
Hz so that the circuit can also synchronize on signals with a higher vertical frequency
like VGA.
To avoid damage of the picture tube when the vertical deflection fails, the guard output
is fed to the beam current limiting input. When a failure is detected the RGB-outputs are
blanked. When no vertical deflection output stage is connected this guard circuit will
also blank the output signals.
These ‘V_DRIVE+’ and ‘V_DRIVE-‘ signals are applied to the input pins 1 and 2 of IC
7471 (full bridge vertical deflection amplifier). These are voltage driven differential
inputs. As the driver device (IC 7200) delivers output currents, R3474 and
R3475convert them to voltage. The differential input voltage is compared with the
voltage across measuring resistor R3471 that provides internal feedback information.
The voltage across this measuring resistor is proportional to the output current, which is
available at pins4 and 7 where they drive the vertical deflection coil (connector0222) in
phase opposition.
IC 7471 is supplied by +13 V. The vertical flyback voltage is determined by an external
supply voltage at pin 6 (VlotAux+50V). This voltage is almost totally available as flyback
voltage across the coil, this being possible due to the absence of a coupling capacitor
(which is not necessary, due to the ‘bridge’ configuration).
Deflection corrections
A constant voltage on the horizontal deflection coil should result in a sawtooth current.
This however is not the case as the resistance of the coil is not negligible. In order to
compensate for this resistance, a pre-magnetized coil L5457 is used. R3485 and C2459
ensure that L5457 does not excite, because of its own parasite capacitance. This L5457
is called the "linearity coil".
When clear white lines are displayed, the high-voltage circuit is heavily loaded. During
the first half of the flyback, the high voltage capacitors are considerable charged. At that
point in time, the deflection coil excites through C2465. This current peak, through the
high-voltage capacitor, distorts the flyback pulse. This causes synchronization errors,
causing an oscillation under the white line.
During t3 - t5, C2490//2458 is charged via R3459. At the moment of the flyback,
C2490//2458is subjected to the negative voltage pulses of the parabola as a result of
which D6465 and D6466 are conducting and C2490//2458is switched in parallel with
C2456//2457. This is the moment the high-voltage diodes are conducting. Now extra
energy is available for excitation through C2465 and the line deflection. As a
consequence the flyback pulse is less distorted.
The S-Correction
Since the sides of the picture are further away from the point of deflection than from the
centre, a linear sawtooth current would result in a non-linear image being scanned (the
center would be scanned slower than the sides). For the center-horizontal line, the
difference in relation of the distances is larger then those for the top and bottom lines.
An S-shaped current will have to be superimposed onto the sawtooth current. This
correction is called finger-length correction or S-correction.
C2456//2457 is relatively small, as a result of which the sawtooth current will generate a
parabolic voltage with negative voltage peaks. Left and right, the voltage across the
deflection coil decreases, and the deflection will slowdown; in the center, the voltage
increases and deflection is faster. The larger the picture width, the higher the deflection
current throughC2456//2457. The current also results in a parabolic voltage across
C2484//2469, resulting in the finger length correction proportionally increasing with the
picture width. The east/west drive signal will ensure the largest picture width in the
center of the frame. Here the largest correction is applied.
East/West correction
In the T8, there are three types of CRTs, namely the 100º, 110º and wide screen CRTs.
The 100º CRT is raster-correction-free and does not need East/West correction.
The 110º 4:3 CRT comes with East/West correction and East/West protection.
The wide screen TV sets have all the correction of the110 4:3 CRT and also have
additional picture format like the 4:3format, 16:9, 14:9, 16:9 zoom, subtitle zoom and the
Super-Wide picture format
A line, written at the upper- or lower side of the screen, will be larger at the screen
center when a fixed deflection current is used. Therefore the amplitude of the deflection
current must be increased when the spot approaches the center of the screen. This is
called the East/West or pincushion correction.
The ‘Ew drive’ signal from pin 15 of IC 7200 takes care for the correct correction. It
drives FET 7400.It also corrects breathing of the picture, due to beam current variations
(the EHT varies dependent of the beam current). This correction is derived from the
‘EHT information’ line.
Two protections are built-in for the E/W circuit: over-current and over-voltage protection.
See paragraph 9.3.5.
Panorama
The panorama function is only used in 16:9sets. This is a function to enable the 4:3 and
Super-Wide feature. It drives the ‘Bass_panorama’ line, to activate relay 1400. When
this relay is switched on, the capacitors2453//2454 are added in parallel to the default
S-correction capacitors 2456//2457. This results in an increased capacitance, a lower
resonance frequency of the line deflection coil and the S-correction capacitors and
therefore a less steep S-corrected line deflection current.
Power Supply
Figure:
Figure:
Introduction
The supply is a Switching Mode Power Supply (SMPS). The frequency of operation
varies with the circuit load. This ‘Quasi-Resonant Flyback’ behavior has some important
benefits compared to a ‘hard switching’ fixed frequency Flyback converter. The
efficiency can be improved up to90%, which results in lower power consumption.
Moreover the supply runs cooler and safety is enhanced.
The power supply starts operating when a DC voltage goes from the rectifier bridge via
T5520, R3532 to pin 8. The operating voltage for the driver circuit is also taken from the
‘hot’ side of this transformer.
The switching regulator IC 7520 starts switching the FET ‘on’ and ‘off’, to control the
current flow through the primary winding of transformer5520. The energy stored in the
primary winding during the ‘on’ time is delivered to the secondary windings during the
‘off’ time.
The ‘Main Supply’ line is the reference voltage for the power supply. It is sampled by
resistors 3543 and3544 and fed to the input of the regulator 7540 / 6540.This regulator
drives the feedback optocoupler 7515 to set the feedback control voltage on pin 3 of
7520.
The power supply in the set is ‘on’ anytime AC power goes to the set.
Derived Voltages
• ‘MainAux’ for the audio circuit (voltage depends on set execution, see table
below),
• 3.3 V and 3.9 V for the microprocessor and
• ‘Main Supply’ for the horizontal output (voltage depends on set execution, see
table below).
Other supply voltages are provided by the LOT. It supplies +50 V (only for large screen
sets), +13 V, +8 V, +5V and a +200 V source for the video drive. The secondary
voltages of the LOT are monitored by the ‘EHT information’ lines. These lines are fed to
the video processor part of the UOC IC 7200on pins 11 and 34.
This circuit will shut ‘off’ the horizontal drive in case of over-voltage or excessive beam current.
Figure:
Figure:
Degaussing
When the set is switched on, the degaussing relay 1515 is immediately activated as
transistor 7580 is conducting. Due to the RC-time of R3580 and C2580, it will last about
3 to 4 seconds before transistor 7580 is switched off.
Basic IC Functionality
Figure:
In the Quasi-Resonant mode each period can be divided into four different time
intervals, in chronological order:
• Interval 1: t0 < t < t1primary stroke at the beginning of the first interval, the
MOSFET is switched ‘on’ and energy is stored in the primary inductance
(magnetization). At the end, the MOSFET is switched ‘off’ and the second
interval starts.
• Interval 2:t1 < t < t2 commutation time In the second interval, the drain voltage
will rise from almost zero to V IN +n•(V OUT +V F). V F is the forward voltage drop of
de diode that will be omitted from the equations from now on. The current will
change its positive derivative, corresponding to V IN /L P, to a negative derivative,
corresponding to -n•V OUT /L P.
• Interval 3:t2 < t < t3 secondary stroke In the third interval, the stored energy is
transferred to the output, so the diode starts to conduct and the inductive current
I L will decrease. In other words, the transformer will be demagnetized. When the
inductive current has become zero the next interval begins.
• Interval 4:t3 < t < t00 resonance time In the fourth interval, the energy stored in
the drain capacitor C D will start to resonate with the inductance L P .The voltage
and current waveforms are sinusoidal waveforms. The drain voltage will drop
from V IN +n•V OUT to V IN -n•V OUT.
Frequency Behavior
The frequency in the QR-mode is determined by the power stage and is not influenced
by the controller (important parameters are L P and C D). The frequency varies with the
input voltage V IN and the output power P OUT .If the required output power increases,
more energy has to be stored in the transformer. This leads to longer magnetizing t PRIM
and demagnetizing t SEC times, which will decrease the frequency. See the frequency
versus output power characteristics below. The frequency characteristic is not only
output power-, but also input voltage dependent. The higher the input voltage, the
smaller t PRIM, so the higher the frequency will be.
Figure:
Point P1 is the minimum frequency f MIN that occurs at the specified minimum input
voltage and maximum output power required by the application. Of course the minimum
frequency has to be chosen above the audible limit (>20 kHz).
Start-Up Sequence
When the rectified AC voltage V IN (via the center tap connected to pin 8) reaches the
Mains dependent operation level (Mlevel: between 60 and 100 V), the internal ‘Mlevel
switch’ will be opened and the start-up current source is enabled to charge
capacitorC2521 at the V CC pin as shown below.
The ‘soft start’ switch is closed when the V CC reaches a level of 7 V and the ‘soft start’
capacitor C SS (C2522, between pin 5 and the sense resistor R3526), is charged to 0.5
V.
Once the V CC capacitor is charged to the start-up voltage V CC-start (11V), the IC starts
driving the MOSFET. Both internal current sources are switched ‘off’ after reaching this
start-up voltage. Resistor R SS (3524) will discharge the ‘soft start’ capacitor, such that
the peak current will slowly increase. This to prevent ‘transformer rattle’.
During start-up, the V CC capacitor will be discharged until the moment that the primary
auxiliary winding takes over this voltage.
Figure:
The moment that the voltage on pin 1 drops below the ‘under voltage lock out‘ level
(UVLO = ± 9 V), the IC will stop switching and will enter a safe restart from the rectified
mains voltage.
Operation
The supply can run in three different modes depending on the output power:
Figure:
Safe-Restart Mode
This mode is introduced to prevent the components from being destroyed during
eventual system fault conditions. It is also used for the Burst mode. The Safe-Restart
mode will be entered if it is triggered by one of the following functions:
When entering the Safe-Restart mode, the output driver is immediately disabled and
latched. The V CC winding will not charge the V CC capacitor anymore and the V CC
voltage will drop until UVLO is reached. To recharge the V CC capacitor, the internal
current source (I (restart)(VCC)) will be switched ‘on’ to initiate a new start-up sequence as
described before. This Safe-Restart mode will persist until the controller detects no
faults or burst triggers.
Standby
Figure:
The system enters burst mode standby when the microprocessor activates the
‘Stdby_con’ line. When this line is pulled high, the base of Q7541 is allowed to go high.
This is triggered by the current from collector Q7542. When Q7541 turns ‘on’, the opto-
coupler (7515) is activated, sending a large current signal to pin 3 (Ctrl). In response to
this signal, the IC stops switching and enters a ‘hiccup’ mode. This burst activation
signal should be present for longer than the ‘burst blank’ period (typically 30 µs): the
blanking time prevents false burst triggering due to spikes.
Burst mode standby operation continues until the microcontroller pulls the ‘Stdby_con’
signal low again. The base of Q7541 is unable to go high, thus cannot turn ‘on’. This will
disable the burst mode. The system then enters the start-up sequence and begins
normal switching behavior.
For a more detailed description of one burst cycle, three time intervals are defined:
• t1: Discharge of V CC when gate drive is active During the first interval, energy is
transferred, which result in a ramp-up of the output voltage (V STAB) in front of the
stabilizer. When enough energy is stored in the capacitor, the IC will be switched
‘off’ by a current pulse generated at the secondary side. This pulse is transferred
to the primary side via the opto coupler. The controller will disable the output
driver (safe restart mode) when the current pulse reaches a threshold level of 16
mA into the Ctrl pin. A resistor R 1 (R3519) is placed in series with the opto
coupler, to limit the current going into the Ctrl pin. Meanwhile the V CC capacitor is
discharged but has to stay above V UVLO.
• t2: Discharge of V CC when gate drive is inactive During the second interval, the
V CC is discharged to V UVLO .The output voltage will decrease depending on the
load.
• t3: Charge of V CC when gate drive is inactive The third interval starts when the
UVLO is reached. The internal current source charges the V CC capacitor (also
the soft start capacitor is recharged). Once the V CC capacitor is charged to the
start-up voltage, the driver is activated and a new burst cycle is started.
Figure:
Protection Events
Demagnetization sense
The demag(netization) sense is realized by an internal circuit that guards the voltage
(Vdemag) at pin 4 that is connected to V CC winding by resistor R 1 (R3522). The Figure
below shows the circuit and the idealized waveforms across this winding.
Figure:
Over Voltage Protection
The Over Voltage Protection ensures that the output voltage will remain below an
adjustable level. This works by sensing the auxiliary voltage via the current flowing into
pin4 (DEM) during the secondary stroke. This voltage is a well-defined replica of the
output voltage. Any voltage spikes are averaged by an internal filter.
If the output voltage exceeds the OVP trip level, the OVP circuit switches the power
MOSFET ‘off’.
Next, the controller waits until the ‘under voltage lock out‘ level (UVLO = ± 9 V) is
reached on pin 1 (V CC). This is followed by a safe restart cycle, after which switching
starts again. This process is repeated as long as the OVP condition exists. The output
voltage at which the OVP function trips, is set by the demagnetization resistor R3522.
The internal OCP protection circuit limits the ‘sense’ voltage on pin 5 to an internal level.
During the primary stroke, the rectified AC input voltage is measured by sensing the
current drawn from pin4 (DEM). This current is dependent on the voltage on pin 9 of
transformer 5520and the value of R3522. The current information is used to adjust the
peak drain current, which is measured via pin I SENSE.
If the ‘sense’ voltage on pin 5 exceeds the short winding protection voltage (0.75 V), the
converter will stop switching. Once V CC drops below the UVLO level, capacitor C2521
will be recharged and the supply will start again. This cycle will be repeated until the
short circuit is removed (safe restart mode). The short winding protection will also
protect in case of a secondary diode short circuit.
This protection circuit is activated after the leading edge blanking time (LEB).
LEB time
The LEB (Leading Edge Blanking) time is an internally fixed delay, preventing false
triggering of the comparator due to current spikes. This delay determines the minimum
‘on’ time of the controller.
When the junction temperature exceeds the thermal shutdown temperature (typ. 140º
C), the IC will disable the driver. When the V CC voltage drops to UVLO, the V CC
capacitor will be recharged to the V (start) level. If the temperature is still too high, the V CC
voltage will drop again to the UVLO level (Safe-Restart mode). This mode will persist
until the junction temperature drops 8 degrees typically below the shutdown
temperature.
To prevent the supply from starting at a low input voltage, which could cause audible
noise, a mains detection is implemented (Mlevel). This detection is provided via pin 8,
that detects the minimum start-up voltage between 60 and 100 V. As previously
mentioned, the controller is enabled between 60 and 100 V.
An additional advantage of this function is the protection against a disconnected buffer
capacitor (C IN). In this case, the supply will not be able to start-up because the V CC
capacitor will not be charged to the start-up voltage.
Control
Figure:
Introduction
The microprocessor part of the UOC has the complete control and teletext on board.
User menu, Service Default Mode, Service Alignment Mode and Customer Service
Mode are generated by the µP. Communication to other ICs is done via the I 2 C-bus.
I 2 C-Bus
The main control system, which consists of the microprocessor part of the UOC (7200),
is linked to the external devices (tuner, NVM, MSP, etc) by means of the I 2 C-bus. An
internal I 2 C-bus is used to control other signal processing functions, like video
processing, sound IF, vision IF, synchronization, etc.
User Interface
The S8/T8 uses a remote control withRC5 protocol. The incoming signal is connected to
pin 67 of the UOC.
The "Top Control" keyboard, connected to UOC pin 80, can also control the set. Button
recognition is done via a voltage divider.
The front LED (6691) is connected to an output control line of the microprocessor (pin
5). It is activated to provide the user information about whether or not the set is working
correctly (e.g., responding to the remote control, normal operation (USA only) or fault
condition)
For the control of the input and output selections, there are three lines:
The microprocessor part is supplied with 3.3V and 3.9 V both derived from the
‘MainAux’ voltage via a 3V3 stabilizer (7560) and a diode.
Two signals are used to control the power supply:
Protection Events
• BC protection, to protect the picture tube from a too high beam current. The UOC
has the capability of measuring the normal back level current during the vertical
flyback. So if for some reason the CRT circuit is malfunctioning (i.e. highbeam
current), the normal black current will be out of the 75 µA range, and the UOC
will trigger the power supply to shut down. However, this is a high beam-current
situation, the TV screen will be bright white before the set is shut down.
• E/W protection, two protection mechanisms are built in, over-current and over-
voltage.
§ In case of over-current due to defective parts in the line deflection output
stage, a high current will flow through resistors 3405//3406.If this current is
large enough to create a voltage drop of 0.7V across 3405//3406,
transistor Q7606 (in A7 diagram) will conduct and pin 80 of the UOC will
be pulled down. Thereafter, the UOC will shut down the power supply. In
case of further current increase, the fused resistor 3411 is built-in for
double protection.
§ In case of a high voltage appearing across capacitor 2401(dependent of
the tube size), which is high enough to trigger zener diode 6401 into
conduction, transistor Q7606 (in A7 diagram) will conduct and UOC is
triggered to shut down the power supply.
• I 2 C protection, to check whether all I 2 C ICs are functioning.
In case one of these protections is activated, the set will go into ‘standby’.
The ‘on’ and ‘standby’ LEDs are controlled via the UOC.
Abbreviation list
Abbreviation Description
AM Amplitude Modulation
AP Asia Pacific
AR Aspect Ratio: 4 by 3 or 16 by 9
CC Closed Caption
EHT-
Extra High Tension information
INFORMATION
EU Europe
FM Field Memory
FM Frequency Modulation
HFB Horizontal Flyback Pulse: horizontal sync pulse from large signal
deflection
HP Headphone
Hue Color phase control for NTSC (not the same as ‘Tint’)
IF Intermediate Frequency
Interlaced Scan mode where two fields are used to form one frame. Each field
contains half the number of the total amount of lines. The fields are
written in “pairs”, causing line flicker.
ITV Institutional TV
LS Large Screen
LS Loudspeaker
MUTE Mute-Line
NC Not Connected
OB Option Byte
OC Open Circuit
PAL Phase Alternating Line. Color system mainly used in West Europe
(color carrier = 4.433619 MHz) and South America (color carrier PAL
M = 3.575612 MHz and PAL N = 3.582056 MHz)
PLL Phase Locked Loop. Used for e.g. FST tuning systems. The
customer can give directly the desired frequency
Progressive Scan mode where all scan lines are displayed in one frame at the
Scan same time, creating a double vertical resolution.
RC5 Remote Control system 5, signal from the remote control receiver
RGB Red Green Blue
SS Small Screen
STBY Standby
SW Software
TXT Teletext
µP Microprocessor
UOC Ultimate One Chip
VA Vertical Acquisition
WYSIWYR What You See Is What You Record: record selection that follows
main picture and sound