The Pensionado and Carnival Architects

The Pensionado
And
Carnival Architects
Juan Marcos G. Arellano
(b. 25 April 1888/ d. 5
Dec. 1960)
Tondo-born child of Luis Arellano and

Bartola de Guzman
Married Naty Ocampo on May 15, 1915.
He had three children, Oscar, Juanita and
Cesar.
His first interest was painting, studying
under Fabian de la Rosa and Lorenzo
Guerrero.
After graduating from Ateneo in 1908, he

pursued architecture as a government
scholar at the Pennsylvania Academy of
Fine Arts in 1911, before finishing his
course at Drexel Institute
Trained in Beaux Arts, Arellano worked
briefly in New York before his return to to
the Philippines. In 1922, he was named as
the chief architect of the Manila
Carnival.
He later joined the Bureau of Public Works

He and Toms Mapa were then named as
supervising architects. In 1927, he took a study
leave and went to the United States ,where he
oversaw the production of the Manila's first
zoning plan
Arellano retired in 1956 and went back to
painting. In 1960, he exhibited his work at the
Manila YMCA.
He died at the age of 72 on December 5, 1960.
Works
-
the Metropolitan Theater in 1935

the Jones Bridge
Legislative Building (1926),
the Manila Central Post Office Building (1926),
the Bank of the Philippine Islands
Cebu Provincial Capitol (1937)
Malcolm Hall of the University of the Philippines
- - the U.S. Embassy
National Museum of the Philippines
Jaro Municipal Building
Center for West Visayan Studies and Museum
UP Visayas
Cebu Provincial Capitol
Style :
- Neoclassic
- Greco-Roman
- Art Deco
Carlos Barretto holds the distinction as the

first pensionado architect, having
graduated three years earlier than Mapua,
earning his degree in 1908 from the
prestigious Drexel University in Philadelphia.
He was the second (after Mapua) to be

officially registered as an architect in 1921, as
required by law that was passed by the
National Assembly that year, one of 22
Filipinos.
WORKS :
Barretto designed the Carnival infrastructures
of 1935.
After the Liberation, a group of Filipino
architects that included Barretto, organized
themselves into the Philippine Institute of
Architects which proved to be of great help to
the Philippines post-war recovery.
STYLE :
ART DECO
Antonio Toledo
Along with Carlos Baretto, Juan Arellano,

and Tomas Mapua, Antonio Toledo was one
of the first and the youngest
pensionado for Architecture
He graduated with the Degree of
Architecture at Ohio State in 1911
He started working for the Bureau of Public
Works to work as a draftsman for William
Parsons in 1911
He was promoted to supervising Architect
in 1915 and became the Consulting
Architect in 1938 until his retirement in 1954
As the consulting Architect of the Bureau of

Public Works that time, he was sent by the
government under President Roxas in a study
mission to study the current trends in
Architecture and Engineering for the planning
of the new Capital City
He was one of the pioneer professors of Mapua
Institute of Technology founded by his fellow
pensionado Tomas Mapua and taught there
until 1967
He made buildings for the Burnham Plan that
evokes the Manifest Destiny maxim of
America in its colony in the Orient
AWARD:
Philippine Institute of Architects Gold Medal of
Merit Award, 1961
WORKS:
National Museum of the Philippines
Leyte Provincial Capitol
Manila City Hall
Cebu Provincial Capitol
Bureau of Customs
Department of Tourism Building
STYLE :
Being educated in the US East Coast, he was
influenced in the Neoclassical and Beaux Arts
styles and his outputs leaned towards these
architectural designs, which are evident in all of
his major works for the Bureau of Public Works
Antonio Toledo was a master of the Neoclassic
style and was among the first architect
educators.
Arcadio Arellano (13 November 1872 20

April 1920)
Arellano was born on 13 November 1872 in
Tondo, Manila.
He was the third child in a brood of fifteen
children..
In 1892, he received his Bachelor of Arts
degree from the Ateneo Municipal de Manila.
He took further courses in business and
maestro de obras (construction foreman)
from the Escuela de Artes y Oficios where he
graduated in 1895.
He was married to Amalia Ocampo, They

had nine children, namely: Luis, Araceli,
Natividad, Irma, Frin, Arturo, Raul, Otilio,
and Elsa.
He died on 20 April 1920.
a consultant to Don Juan Hervas, the
Spanish consulting architect, from 1887
to 1883.
Arellano also supervised the assessments

in Intramuros, Manila as ordered by the
Schurman Commission.
By 1901, he became technical director of
general assessment for the whole city. He
was also able to work closely with
Governor W. H. Taft as his private
consulting architect.
was the first Filipino to be employed by the
Americans as one of their architectural
advisors.
WORKS:
El 82
The former Hotel de Francia
Carmelo & Bauermann building
Gota de Leche on Lepanto Street
Casino Espaol on Taft Avenue
Mausoleum of the veterans of the Revolution
Legarda crypt at North Cemetery
Franciscan Church at Pinaglabanan, San Juan
His earliest works give a hint of his Spanish

exposure but his mausoleum for the
Revolutionary Veterans gives us the hint that
Neoclassical Architecture is already starting to
define the style of architecture in Manila at
that time
Tomas Arguelles (1860-1950)

a member of the Board of Directors of
Arquitectura y Agrimensura de Filipinas, the
first professional organization of Architects and
Engineers founded in 1902
During the Philippine Revolution, he became a
commander of the main body of Filipino
Engineers in the Revolutionary Army
He started his career in Engineering during

the last years of the Spanish Period
He was an inspector of roads for the Street
Car company from 1884 to 1892 and the
Manila Railroad Company from 1892-1896
Tomas Arguelles was known as a public
administrator who advocated the
enforcement of the Building Code of
Manila
STYLE :
ART DECO
He practiced at the time
where Art Deco is also getting
popular in Manila, popular
enough to challenge the
dominance of the
Neoclassic and Beaux Arts.
wakas

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The Pensionado and Carnival Architects

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The Pensionado

Juan Marcos G. Arellano

(b. 25 April 1888/ d. 5

Tondo-born child of Luis Arellano and

After graduating from Ateneo in 1908, he

He later joined the Bureau of Public Works

the Metropolitan Theater in 1935

Carlos Barretto holds the distinction as the

He was the second (after Mapua) to be

Along with Carlos Baretto, Juan Arellano,

As the consulting Architect of the Bureau of

Arcadio Arellano (13 November 1872 20

He was married to Amalia Ocampo, They

Arellano also supervised the assessments

His earliest works give a hint of his Spanish

Tomas Arguelles (1860-1950)

He started his career in Engineering during

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