Purlin

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The document discusses the load analysis and design of a purlin beam.

The loads considered are dead load, live load, and wind load.

The maximum bending moment is calculated by considering different load combinations and distributions over the span of the purlin.

Span of Purlin

Purlin is model as a simple beam


Distance between frames is Lframe =
Distance between purlin is Lpurlin =
Roof Slope

5.4 m
1 m
20 0

1.8

frame

frame

Put sagrod in the middle of it


Lsag = L Frame / 3 = 5.4 / 3
=
Span between Lpurlin = 1 m

Purlins
Purlins
Purlins
Purlins

calculated area for loading purlin

Dimensionering
Try Lip Channel
A =
w=
Ix =
Iy =
Wx =
Wy =

m
sagrod

Top view

7.81
6.13
181
27
29.0
8.0

C 125x50x20x3.2
cm2
kg/m
cm4
cm4
cm3
cm3

Material :
E =

2.0 x 106

kg/cm2

Metal Sheet Roofing , W roof =


Ceiling Hanger,
W ceil =
Mechanical + Electrical, WME =

6 kg/m2
18 kg/m2
0 kg/m2

Loading :
a. Dead Load (DL)
-Selfweight of purlins + bolt : W1= (w+0.10 w) = W1 =
-Metal Steel Roofing
-Ceiling + Hanger
-Mechanical + Electrical

6.76 + 0.1 * 6.76 =

6.743 kg/m2 x 1 m =

: W2= Wroof Lpurlin = W2 =

6 kg/m2 x 1 m =

: W 3= Wceil Lpurlin = W3 =

18 kg/m2 x 1 m =

: W4= WME Lpurlin = W4 =

b. Live Load (LL)


Considering roof live load:
-Uniform live load from rain water is loading purlin =
WLL = (40 - 0.8.a) kg/m2
= (40 - 0.8 x 20) =
24 kg/m2
But according to PPURG, it should be taken not greater than 20
q LL =
20 kg/m2 x 1 m =

0 kg/m2 x 1 m =
W total =

kg/m2
20 kg/m

c. Wind Load (WL)


q wind =
35 kg/m2
Compression wind : q W comp = (0.02. - 0.4). q wind. L purlin kg/m2
= (0.02 x 20 - 0.4 ) x 35 x 1 =
q W suct = 0.4. q wind. L purlin
= 0.4 x 35 x 1 =

0 kg/m
14 kg/m

d. Earthquake Load (EL)


No need Earthquake load for beam purlins analysis
e. Load Combination
The stress and deflection of the purlin are designed by following load comb.
Operational : D + E(O) + P(O) + L + C + I + T
D + E(O) + P(O) + 0.75 (L + C + T ) + 0.75 (0.6 W)

Forces Analysis in Purlin


- Dead Load = W total =
- Live Load = q LL
=
- Wind Load = q wind =
qy LL

30.743 kg/m
20 kg/m
35 kg/m

q LL or P

qy DL q DL

q wind

qx LL

qx DL

Loading System

a .Calculate ( D + E(O) + P(O) + L + C + I + T ) = DL + LL


DL :

LL :

q DL =
qx DL = q DL . sin (
qy DL = q DL . cos (
q LL =
qx LL = q LL . sin (
qy LL = q LL . cos (

qx1 = qx DL + qx LL =
qy1 = qy DL + qy LL =

30.743 kg/m
10.515 kg/m
28.889 kg/m
20 kg/m
6.840 kg/m
18.794 kg/m
17.355 kg/m
47.683 kg/m

Calculate maximum bending moment acting on purlin as follow :


Mx1 = 1/8.qy1.Lframe2
= 1/8 x 47.683 x 5.4 2
My1 = 1/8.qx1.(Lframe/2)

= 1/8 x 17.355 x (5.4/2)

=
=

173.804 kg.m
15.815 kg.m

b .Calculate D + E(O) + P(O) + 0.75 (L + C + T ) + 0.75 (0.6 W) = DL + 0.75 LL + 0.75 ( 0.6 WL )


DL :

q DL =
qx DL = q DL . sin (
qy DL = q DL . cos (

30.743 kg/m
10.515 kg/m
28.889 kg/m

LL :

q LL =
qx LL = q LL . sin (
qy LL = q LL . cos (

20 kg/m
6.840 kg/m
18.794 kg/m

WL :

qx WL = q W comp =
qy WL = q W suct =

0.000 kg/m
14.000 kg/m

Calculate maximum bending moment acting on purlin as follow :


Mx2 = 1.0 x ( 1/8.qy DL.Lframe2 ) + 0.75 x ( 1/8 .qy LL.LFrame2 ) + 0.75 x ( 0.6 x 1/8 .qy WL .Lframe2 )

= 1.0 x ( 1/8x28.889x5.42 )
=
179.64

+ 0.75 x ( 1/8x18.794x5.42 )
kg.m

+ 0.75 x ( 0.6 x 1/8x14x5.4 2)

My2 = 1.0 x ( 1/8.qx DL.(Lframe/2)2 ) + 0.75 x ( 1/8 .qx LL.(Lframe/2)2 ) + 0.75 x ( 0.6 x 1/8 .qx WL .(Lframe/2)2 )
= 1.0 x ( 1/8x10.515x(5.4/2)2 ) + 0.75 x ( 1/8x6.840x(5.4/2)2 )
=
14.26
kg.m

+ 0.75 x ( 0.6 x 1/8x0x(5.4/2)2)

For analysis of purlin bending moment is taken ad the greatest bending moment of
the loading conditions : DL + LL or DL + WL
Mx = if(Mx1 > Mx2, Mx1, Mx2) =
179.641 kg.m
My = if(My1 > My2, My1, My2) =
15.815 kg.m
c. Bending Moment Design
From the above calculations, the importance of the maximum bending moment
acting on the purlin as follows :
Mx =
179.641 kg.m
My =
15.815 kg.m
Strength and Deflection Analysis
a. Checking stress
all =
Purlins properties :

1600 kg/cm2
Wx =
Wy =
Ix =
Iy =

The stress in purlin :


x = Mx / Wx =
y = My / Wy =
Stress Resultant :
R =
x2 + y2

29.0
8.0
181
27

619.4534157561 kg/cm2
197.6857563874 kg/cm2

650.232 kg/cm2 <

b. Checking deflection
Span of purlin = Lframe =
Allowable deflection =
1.

cm3
cm3
cm4
cm4

1600 kg/cm2 .OK !

5.4 m
Lframe /200 =

27 mm

DL + LL
x1, DL = 5 . qy DL. ( Lframe )4 =

0.8836 cm

384.E.Ix
x2, LL = 5 . qy LL. ( Lframe )4 =
384.E.Ix

0.5748 cm
x

y1, DL = 5 . qx DL. ( Lframe/2 )4 =

1.4584 cm
0.1347 cm

384.E.Iy
y2, LL = 5 . qx LL. ( Lframe/2 )4 =
384.E.Iy

Resultant:
R =
x2 + y2

0.0877 cm
y

0.2224 cm

1.48 cm <

2.7

mm .OK !

2.

1.0 DL + 0.75 LL + 0.75 . (0.6 WL)


x1, DL = 5 . qy DL. ( Lframe )4 =

0.8836 cm

384.E.Ix
x2, LL = 5 . 0.75Qy LL. ( Lframe )4 =

0.4311 cm

384.E.Ix
x3, WL = 5 . 0.75qy WL. ( Lframe )4 =
384.E.Ix

0.3211 cm
x

y1, DL = 5 . qx DL. ( Lframe/2 )4 =

1.6358 cm

0.1347 cm

384.E.Iy
y2, LL = 5 . 0.75qx LL. ( Lframe/2 )4 =

0.0657 cm

384.E.Iy
x3, WL = 5 . 0.75qy WL. ( Lframe/2 )4 =
384.E.Ix

Resultant:
R =
x2 + y2

0 cm
y

1.65

cm <

0.2005 cm

2.7

mm .OK !

6.743 kg/m
6 kg/m
18 kg/m
0 kg/m
30.743 kg/m

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