Refrigeration systems use a vapor compression cycle to remove heat from an enclosed space and transfer it to the environment. The four main components are: 1) an evaporator that absorbs heat from the refrigerated space and evaporates the refrigerant into a vapor, 2) a compressor that increases the vapor's pressure and temperature, 3) a condenser that cools and condenses the compressed vapor into a liquid by transferring heat to the environment, and 4) an expansion valve that reduces the liquid's pressure and temperature so it can repeat the cycle in the evaporator. The energy required to evaporate the low-pressure liquid refrigerant comes from the refrigerated chamber, which maintains its low temperature through this heat transfer process.
Refrigeration systems use a vapor compression cycle to remove heat from an enclosed space and transfer it to the environment. The four main components are: 1) an evaporator that absorbs heat from the refrigerated space and evaporates the refrigerant into a vapor, 2) a compressor that increases the vapor's pressure and temperature, 3) a condenser that cools and condenses the compressed vapor into a liquid by transferring heat to the environment, and 4) an expansion valve that reduces the liquid's pressure and temperature so it can repeat the cycle in the evaporator. The energy required to evaporate the low-pressure liquid refrigerant comes from the refrigerated chamber, which maintains its low temperature through this heat transfer process.
Refrigeration systems use a vapor compression cycle to remove heat from an enclosed space and transfer it to the environment. The four main components are: 1) an evaporator that absorbs heat from the refrigerated space and evaporates the refrigerant into a vapor, 2) a compressor that increases the vapor's pressure and temperature, 3) a condenser that cools and condenses the compressed vapor into a liquid by transferring heat to the environment, and 4) an expansion valve that reduces the liquid's pressure and temperature so it can repeat the cycle in the evaporator. The energy required to evaporate the low-pressure liquid refrigerant comes from the refrigerated chamber, which maintains its low temperature through this heat transfer process.
Refrigeration systems use a vapor compression cycle to remove heat from an enclosed space and transfer it to the environment. The four main components are: 1) an evaporator that absorbs heat from the refrigerated space and evaporates the refrigerant into a vapor, 2) a compressor that increases the vapor's pressure and temperature, 3) a condenser that cools and condenses the compressed vapor into a liquid by transferring heat to the environment, and 4) an expansion valve that reduces the liquid's pressure and temperature so it can repeat the cycle in the evaporator. The energy required to evaporate the low-pressure liquid refrigerant comes from the refrigerated chamber, which maintains its low temperature through this heat transfer process.
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 5
At a glance
Powered by AI
The key takeaways are that refrigeration involves using a refrigerant in a vapor compression cycle to transfer heat from a cool space to a warmer space/condenser. The most common system is vapor compression which involves compression, condensation, expansion and evaporation stages.
A refrigeration system works via the vapor compression cycle where a refrigerant is compressed, condensed, expanded, and evaporated in a closed loop system. This transfers heat from the cool space to the condenser space.
The main components are the evaporator, compressor, condenser, and expansion valve.
Refrigeration is a process in which the temperature of a space
or it contents is reduced to below that of their surroundings.
Refrigeration of cargo spaces and storerooms employs a system of components to remove heat from the space being cooled. This heat is transferred to another body at a lower temperature. The cooling of air for air conditioning entails a similar process. The transfer of heat takes place in a simple system: firstly, in the evaporator where the lower temperature of the refrigerant cools the body of the space being cooled; and secondly, in the condenser where the refrigerant is cooled by air or water. The usual system employed for marine refrigeration plants is the vapour compression cycle, for which the basic diagram is shown in Figure 9.1.
The pressure of the refrigerant gas is increased in the
compressor and it thereby becomes hot. This hot, high-pressure gas is passed through into a condenser. Depending on the particular application, the refrigerant gas will be cooled either by air or water, and because it is still at a high pressure it will condense. The liquid refrigerant is then distributed through a pipe network until it reaches a control valve alongside an evaporator
where the cooling is required. This regulating valve meters the
flow of liquid refrigerant into the evaporator, which is at a lower pressure. Air from the cooled space or air conditioning system is passed over the evaporator and boils off the liquid refrigerant, at the same time cooling the air. The design of the system and evaporator should be such that all the liquid refrigerant is boiled off and the gas slightly superheated before it returns to the compressor at a low pressure to be recompressed.Thus it will be seen that heat that is transferred from the air to the evaporator is then pumped round the system until it reaches the condenser where it is transferred or rejected to the ambient air or water. It should be noted that where an air-cooled condenser is employed in very small plants, such as provision storerooms, adequate ventilation is required to help remove the heat being rejected by the condenser. Also, in the case of water-cooled condensers, fresh water or sea water may be employed. Fresh water is usual when a central fresh-water/sea-water heat exchanger is employed for all engine room requirements. Where this is the case, because of the higher cooling-water temperature to the condenser, delivery temperatures from condensers will be higher than that on a sea water cooling system. States that a refrigeration cycle operates on reversed heat engine cycle A reversed heat engine cycle is visualized as an engine operating in the reverse way, i.e., receiving heat from a low temperature region, discharging heat to a high temperature region, and receiving a net inflow of work (Fig. 14.2).
Under such conditions the cycle is called a heat pump cycle or a
refrigeration cycle For a Heat Pump:
For Refrigerator
Describes the working fluids for this cycle as refrigerants
The working fluid in a refrigeration cycle is called a refrigerant. In the reversed Carnot cycle (Fig. 14.3). The refrigerant is first compressed reversibly and adiabatically in process l2 where the work input per kg of refrigerant is Wc. Then it is condensed reversibly in process 23 where the heat rejection is Q1. The refrigerant then expands reversibly and adiabatically in process 3 4 where the work output is W, and finally it absorbs heat Q2 reversibly by evaporation from the surroundings in process 4l.
Describe the four main components of the plant as:
The evaporator in which the low pressure refrigerant enters as a cold liquid and evaporated to a low pressure vapor. An evaporator is used to turn any liquid material into gas. In this process, heat is absorbed. The evaporator transfers heat from the refrigerated space into a heat pump through a liquid refrigerant, which boils in the evaporator at a low-pressure. In achieving heat transfer, the liquid refrigerant should be lower than the goods being cooled. After the transfer, liquid refrigerant is drawn by the compressor from the evaporator through a suction line. Liquid refrigerant will be in vapor form upon leaving the evaporator coil. The compressor in which the low pressure cold vapor is compressed into a high-pressure superheated .The compressors use is to pull the low-temperature and low-pressure vapor from the evaporator, through a suction line. Once the vapor is drawn, it will be compressed. This will cause the vapors temperature to rise. Its main function is to transform a low-temperature vapors in to a high-temperature vapor, to increase pressure. Vapor is released from the compressor into a discharge line.
The condenser, in which the hot-high pressure vapor is cooled
and condensed of a cool liquid. Condensation changes gas to a liquid form. Its main purpose is to liquefy the refrigerant gas sucked by the compressor from the evaporator. As condensation begins, the heat will flow from the condenser into the air, only if the condensation temperature is higher than that of the atmosphere. The high-pressure vapor in the condenser will be cooled to become a liquid refrigerant again, this time with a little heat. The liquid refrigerant will then flow from the condenser to a liquid line. The expansion valve where the cool high-pressure liquid is throttled and expanded to a low pressure cold .Commonly placed before the evaporator and at the end of the liquid line, the expansion valve is reached by the liquid refrigerant after it has been condensed. Reducing the pressure of the refrigerant, its temperature will decrease to a level below its atmosphere. This liquid will then be pumped into the evaporator. States that the energy required to evaporate the lowpressure liquid refrigerant to a low pressure vapor at constant low temperature is transferred from the refrigerated chamber either directly or through a secondary coolant such as brine States that because working fluids are used in both the liquid and vapor phases during the cycle, energy levels and other properties for the working fluid must be obtained from tablets of thermodynamic properties States that the transfer of energy from the refrigerated chamber is that which produces and maintains its low temperature