Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________

Chapter 17
17.1

0 ( 0.2 )
= 2k
0.1
(b) (i) 1 = 1 V, Q1 off, Q 2 on

(a) R C =

O 2 = 0 (0.2 )(2) = 0.4 V

O1 = 0
(ii) 1 = 0.4 V, Q1 on, Q 2 off
O1 = 0 (0.2 )(2) = 0.4 V
O2 = 0

(c) For (i) and (ii)

P = I Q 0 V = (0.2 )(1.8) = 0.36 mW

( )(

______________________________________________________________________________________
17.2
(a) i E =

1 0.7 ( 2.5)
= 0.08 mA, R E = 10 k
RE

0 ( 0.25)
= 6.25 k
0.04
(b) (i) 1 = 1.3 V, Q1 off, Q 2 on
RC =

iE =

1 0.7 ( 2.5)
= 0.08 mA
10
= 0 (0.08)(6.25) = 0.50 V

O2
O1 = 0
(ii) 1 = 0.7 V, Q1 on, Q 2 off

0.7 0.7 ( 2.5)

= 0.11 mA
10
= 0 (0.11)(6.25) = 0.6875 V

iE =

O1
O2 = 0

(c) (i) i E = 0.08 mA, P = (0.08)(2.5) = 0.2 mW

(ii) i E = 0.11 mA, P = (0.11)(2.5) = 0.275 mW
______________________________________________________________________________________
17.3
iC 2 = I Q = 0.5 =

30
RC 2 = 6 K
RC 2

iC1 = I Q = 0.5 =

3 1
RC1 = 4 K
RC1

(a)
(b)

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________

iC1
=
IQ
=

(c)
So

V
I S exp BE1
VT

V
V
I S exp BE1 + exp BE 2
V
T
VT

1
VBE 2 VBE1
1 + exp

VT

vI = VBE1 VBE 2
iC1
=
IQ

1
v
1 + exp I
VT
0.1
1
=
= 0.2
0.5
v
1 + exp I
VT
v 1
1 = 4
exp I =
VT 0.2
( vI ) = ( 0.026 ) ln (4)
vI = 0.0360 V

______________________________________________________________________________________
17.4

vI = 0.5 V, Q1 on, Q2 off = v02 = 3 V

v01 = 3 (1)(0.5) = 2.5 V
(b) vI = 0.5 V Q1 off, Q2 on v01 = 3 V
v02 = 3 (1)(0.5) = 2.5 V

(a)

______________________________________________________________________________________
17.5
(a)

Q2 on, vE = 1.2 0.7 = 1.9 V

iE = iC 2 =

1.9 ( 5.2 )

= 1.32 mA
2.5
v2 = 1V = iC 2 RC 2 = (1.32 )( RC 2 )
RC 2 = 0.758 k

(b)

Q1 on, vE = 0.7 0.7 = 1.40 V

iE = iC1 =

1.4 ( 5.2 )

= 1.52 mA
2.5
v1 = 1V = iC1 RC1 = (1.52 )( RC1 )
RC1 = 0.658 k

(c)

For vin = 0.7 V , Q1 on, Q2 off

vO1 = 0.70V
vO 2 = 1 0.7 vO 2 = 1.7 V

For vin = 1.7 V , Q1 off , Q2 on

vO 2 = 0.7 V

vO1 = 1 0.7 vO1 = 1.7 V

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
(d) (i) For vin = 0.7V , iE = 1.52 mA
iC 4 =
iC 3 =

1.7 ( 5.2 )

3
0.7 ( 5.2 )

= 1.17 mA

= 1.5 mA
3
P = ( iE + iC 4 + iC 3 )( 5.2 ) = (1.52 + 1.17 + 1.5 )( 5.2 )

or

P = 21.8 mW

(ii) For vin = 1.7V , iE = 1.32 mA

iC 4 =
iC 3 =

0.7 ( 5.2 )

3
1.7 ( 5.2 )

= 1.5 mA

= 1.17 mA
3
P = (1.32 + 1.5 + 1.17 )( 5.2 )

P = 20.7 mW

or
______________________________________________________________________________________
17.6
a.

I3 =

3.7 0.7
= 1.5 mA
0.67 + 1.33

VR = I 3 R4 + V = (1.5)(1.33) + 0.7

or
VR = 2.70 V

b.

logic 1 level

= 3.7 0.7 3.0 V

For v X = vY = logic 1.
3 0.7
= 2.875 mA = iRC1
0.8
= 3.7 ( 2.875 )( 0.21) = 3.10 V
v01 ( logic 0 ) = 2.4 V

iE =
vB 3

For v X = vY = logic 0, QR on
2.7 0.7
= 2.5 mA = iRC 2
0.8
= 3.7 ( 2.5 )( 0.24 ) = 3.1 V
v02 ( logic 0 ) = 2.4 V

iE =
vB 4

______________________________________________________________________________________
17.7

0.7 0.7 ( 2.1)

= 10.5 k
0.20
0 ( 2.1)
(b) R5 = R 6 =
= 17.5 k
0.12
(c) I Q = I REF = 0.20 mA

(a) R1 =

O1 = 0.7 V, C 2 = 0
R C1 =

0. 7 0
= 3. 5 k
0. 2

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
(d) I Q = I REF = 0.20 mA

O 2 = 0.7 V, CR = 0
0.7 0
= 3.5 k
0.20
______________________________________________________________________________________
RC 2 =

17.8

V R = 0.5 V
iE =
R5 =

0.5 0.7 ( 3)
= 0.4 mA, R E = 4.5 k
RE

0.5 ( 3)
= 6.25 k
0. 4

V B 2 = 0.5 + 0.7 = 0.2 V, R1 =

0. 7 0. 2
= 1.25 k
0. 4

0.2 0.7 0.7 ( 3)

= 4. 5 k
0.4
0 ( 3)
R3 = R 4 =
= 3.75 k
0. 8
OR = 1 V, CR = 0.3 V
R2 =

0.7 ( 0.3)
= 2. 5 k
0.4
0.7 ( 3)
I = 0 , iE =
= 0.511 mA
4.5
C1 = 1 + 0.7 = 0.3 V

RC 2 =

0.7 ( 0.3)
= 1.957 k
0.511
______________________________________________________________________________________
RC1 =

17.9

O = logic 1 = 1.8 V, logic 0 = 1.2 V

For I = logic 1 = 1.8 V
i E = 0.8 =

1.8 0.7
R E = 1.375 k
RE

2.5 1.9
= 0.75 k
0.8
1.5 0.7
0.8
For I = logic 0, Q R on; i E =
=
= 0.5818 mA
1.375
RE

C1 = 1.2 + 0.7 = 1.9 V, RC1 =

CR = 1.2 + 0.7 = 1.9 V

2. 5 1. 9
= 1.031 k
0.5818
1 .8
R 2 = R3 =
= 2.25 k
0 .8
______________________________________________________________________________________
RC 2 =

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
17.10
Neglecting base currents:
(a)

I E1 = 0, I E 3 = 0

5 0.7
I E 5 = 1.72 mA
2.5
Y = 0.7 V
IE5 =

5 0.7
I E1 = 0.239 mA
18
=0

I E1 =
IE3

5 0.7
I E 5 = 1.72 mA
2.5
Y = 0.7 V
IE5 =

(b)
(c)

I E1 = I E 3 =

5 0.7
I E1 = I E 3 = 0.239 mA
18

I E 5 = 0, Y = 5 V

(d) Same as (c).

______________________________________________________________________________________
17.11
(a)
(b)

VR = (1)(1) 0.7 VR = 1.7 V

QR off , then vO1 = Logic 1 = 0.7 V

QR on, then vO1 = (1)(2) 0.7

vO1 = Logic 0 = 2.7 V
QA / QB off , then vO 2 = Logic 1 = 0.7 V
QA / QB on, then vO 2 = (1)(2) 0.7
vO 2 = Logic 0 = 2.7 V

A = B = Logic 0 = 2.7 V , QR on,

(c)

VE = 1.7 0.7 VE = 2.4 V

A = B = Logic 1 = 0.7 V , QA / QB on,
VE = 0.7 0.7 VE = 1.4 V

(d)

A = B = Logic 1 = 0.7 V , QA / QB on,

2.7 (5.2)
= 1.67 mA
1.5
0.7 (5.2)
iC 2 =
= 3 mA
1.5
P = (1.67 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 3)(5.2) P = 39.9 mW
iC 3 =

A = B = Logic 0 = 2.7 V
iC 3 = 3 mA, iC 2 = 1.67 mA
P = 39.9 mW

______________________________________________________________________________________

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________

17.12
a.
b.

AND logic function

logic 0 = 0 V

5 (1.6 + 0.7)
= 2.25 mA
1.2
V2 = (2.25)(0.8) logic 1 = 1.8 V
Q3 on, i =

5 0.7
iE1 = 1.65 mA
2.6
5 (0.7 + 0.7)
=
iE 2 = 3 mA
1.2
iC 3 = 0, iC 2 = iE 2 = 3 mA

iE1 =
iE 2

V2 = 0

c.

5 (1.8 + 0.7)
iE1 = 0.962 mA
2.6
5 (1.6 + 0.7)
=
iE 2 = 2.25 mA
1.2
iC 2 = 0, iC 3 = iE 2 = 2.25 mA

iE1 =
iE 2

V = 1.8 V

2
d.
______________________________________________________________________________________

17.13
(a) R = (logic 0 + logic 1)/2 0.7 =
(b) For X = Y = logic 1 = 3.5 V
E1 = 3.5 0.7 0.7 = 2.1 V

3.5 + 3.1
0.7 = 2.6 V
2

2.1 0
= 0.175 mA
12
0.4
1
RC1 = 6.86 k
= i E1 = 0.05833 mA =
3
R C1

i E1 =
i RC1

(c) For X = Y = logic 0 = 3.1 V

E1 = V R 0.7 = 2.6 0.7 = 1.9 V
1.9
= 0.1583 mA
12
0.4
1
RC 2 = 7.58 k
= i E 2 = 0.05277 mA =
3
RC 2

iE2 =
i RC 2

(d) For X = Y = logic 0 = 3.1 V

i E = 0.1583 mA
3.1 0.7
= 0.3 mA
8
P = (0.1583 + 0.3)(3.5) = 1.60 mW
______________________________________________________________________________________
i R1 =

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________

17.14
Assume V = 0.4 V
(a) Logic 1 = 0.2 V, Logic 0 = 0.2 V
0 0.7 ( 3.10 )
(b) i E =
= 0.25 R E = 9.6 k
RE
(c) i D1 + i R1 = i E
2i R1 + i R1 = 3i R1 = 0.25 i R1 = 0.08333 mA
0. 4
= 4. 8 k
0.08333
0.2 0.7 ( 3.10 )
(d) i E =
= 0.2708 mA
9. 6
0.4 0.4
i R2 =
=
= 0.0833 mA
R 2 4.8
R1 =

i D 2 = i E i R 2 = 0.2708 0.0833 = 0.1875 mA

(e) i E = 0.2708 mA

0.2 ( 3.10 )
= 0.8788 mA
3.3
0.2 ( 3.10 )
i R3 =
= 1.0 mA
3. 3
P = (i E + i R 3 + i R 4 )[0.9 ( 3.10 )] = (0.2708 + 1.0 + 0.8788)(4 ) = 8.6 mW
______________________________________________________________________________________
iR4 =

17.15
a.
i1 =
i3 =
i4 =

( 0.9 0.7 ) ( 3)
1
( 0.2 0.7 ) ( 3)
15
( 0.2 0.7 ) ( 3)

i1 = 1.4 mA
i3 = 0.14 mA

i4 = 0.14 mA
15
i2 + iD = i1 + i3 = 1.4 + 0.14 = 1.54 mA
0.4
i2 =
i2 = 0.8 mA
0.5
iD = 0.74 mA

v0 = 0.4 V

b.

i1 = 1.4 mA
(0 0.7) (3)
i3 = 0.153 mA
15
i4 = i3 i4 = 0.153 mA
i3 =

i2 + iD = i4 i2 = 0.153 mA
iD = 0

v0 = (0.153)(0.5) v0 = 0.0765 V

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________

c.

i1 =

( 0 0.7 0.7 ) ( 3)
1

i1 = 1.6 mA

( 0.2 0.7) (3)

i3 = 0.14 mA
15
i4 = i3 i4 = 0.14 mA
i3 =

i2 + iD = i3 i2 = 0.14 mA
iD = 0.0

v0 = (0.14)(0.5) v0 = 0.07 V

d.

(0 0.7 0.7) (3)

i1 = 1.6 mA
1
(0 0.7) ( 3)
i3 =
i3 = 0.153 mA
15
i4 = i3 i4 = 0.153 mA
i1 =

i2 + iD = i1 + i4 = 1.6 + 0.153 = 1.753 mA

0.4
i2 =
i2 = 0.8 mA
0.5
iD = 0.953 mA

v0 = 0.40 V

______________________________________________________________________________________
17.16
(a) (i) A = B = C = D = 0 V, Q1 , Q2 , Q3 , Q 4 off; Q5 , Q6 on
2.5 = i R1 (2 ) + 0.7 +

1 i R1

(15)
2 91

1.8 = i R1 (2 + 0.0824) i R1 = 0.8644 mA

Y = 2.5 i R1 (2 ) Y = 0.771 V

(ii) A = B = 0 V, C = D = 2.5 V; Q1 , Q 2 , Q6 off; Q3 , Q 4 , Q5 on

i
2.5 = i R1 (2 ) + 0.7 + R1 (15)
91
1.8 = i R1 (2 + 0.1648) i R1 = 0.8315 mA

Y = 2.5 i R1 (2) Y = 0.837 V

(iii) A = C = 2.5 V, B = D = 0 V; Q1 , Q3 on, Q5 , Q6 off

i R1 = 0 Y = 2.5 V
(b) Y=(A OR B) AND (C OR D)
(c) (i) P = i R1 (2.5) = (0.8644 )(2.5) = 2.16 mW
2.5 0.7
= 0.12 mA
15
P = (i R1 + i R 3 )(2.5) = (0.8315 + 0.12 )(2.5) = 2.38 mW

(ii) i R 3 =

2.5 0.7
= 0.12 mA
15
P = (i R 2 + i R 3 )(2.5) = (0.24 )(2.5) = 0.60 mW
______________________________________________________________________________________

(iii) i R 2 = i R 3 =

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________

17.17
a.
b.

logic 1 = 0 V
logic 0 = 0.4 V
v01 = A OR B
v02 = C OR D
v03 = v01 OR v02

or
v03 = ( A OR B ) AND (C OR D)

______________________________________________________________________________________
17.18
a.

For CLOCK = high, I DC flows through the left side of the circuit.. If D is high, I DC flows through

the left R resistor pulling Q low. If D is low. I DC flows through the right R resistor pulling Q low.
For CLOCK = low, I DC flows through the right side of the circuit maintaining Q and Q in their previous
state.
b.

P = ( I DC + 0.5I DC + 0.1I DC + 0.1 I DC )( 3)

P = 1.7 I DC ( 3) = (1.7 )( 50 )( 3) P = 255 W

______________________________________________________________________________________
17.19
(a) (i) For I = 0.1 V
1 = 0.8 V
2.5 0.8
= 0.1417 mA
12
i 2 = i 3 = 0 , O = 2 .5 V

i1 =

(ii) For I = 2.5 V

1 = 0.7 + 0.8 = 1.5 V
2.5 1.5
= 0.0833 mA
12
O = 0.1 V
i1 = i 2 =

2.5 0.1
= 0.20 mA
12
(b) (i) 1 = 0.7 + 0.7 = 1.4 V
i3 =

I = 1 0.7 = 0.7 V
(ii) 1 = 0.7 + 0.8 = 1.5 V
I = 1 0.7 = 0.8 V
______________________________________________________________________________________

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
17.20
(a)
vI = 0 V1 = 0.7 V
3.3 0.7
= 0.433 mA
6
iB = iC = 0
vo = 3.3 V
i1 =

(b)
vI = 3.3 V v1 = 0.7 + 0.8 = 1.5 V
3.3 1.5
= 0.3 mA
i1 =
6
0.8
= 0.04 mA
iR =
20
iB = 0.3 0.04 = 0.26 mA
3.3 0.1
iC =
= 0.8 mA
4
vo = 0.1 V

______________________________________________________________________________________
17.21
i.

For
i1 =

ii.

vX = vY = 0.1 V v = 0.8 V

5 0.8
i1 = 0.525 mA
8
i3 = i4 = 0

For v X = vY = 5 V,
v = 0.8 + 0.7 + 0.7 v = 2.2 V
5 2.2
i1 = 0.35 mA
8
0.8
i4 = i1
i4 = 0.297 mA
15
5 0.1
i3 =
i3 = 2.04 mA
2.4
i1 =

______________________________________________________________________________________
17.22
(i) X = Y = 0.1 V
= 0 .8 V
3.3 0.8
i1 =
= 0.3125 mA
8
i3 = i 4 = 0
(ii) X = Y = 3.3 V
= 0 . 8 + 0 .7 + 0 . 7 = 2 . 2 V
3. 3 2. 2
i1 =
= 0.1375 mA
8
0. 8
i 4 = 0.1375
= 0.08417 mA
15
3.3 0.1
i3 =
= 1.333 mA
2. 4

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
17.23
a.

For v X = vY = 5 V , both Q1 and Q2 driven into saturation.

v1 = 0.8 + 0.7 + 0.8 v1 = 2.3 V
5 2.3
i1 = iB1 = 0.675 mA
4
5 (0.8 + 0.7 + 0.1)
i2 =
i2 = 1.7 mA
2
i4 = iB1 + i2 i4 = 2.375 mA
i1 =

0.8
i5 = 0.08 mA
10
= i4 i5 iB 2 = 2.295 mA

i5 =
iB 2

i3 =

5 0.1
i3 = 1.225 mA
4
v0 = 0.1V
5 (0.1 + 0.7)
= 1.05 mA
4
iC (max) = iB 2 = NiL + i3

iL

b.

(20)(2.295) = N (1.05) + 1.225

So
N = 42

______________________________________________________________________________________
17.24
(a) 1 = 0.8 + 0.7 + 0.8 = 2.3 V
i1 =

C1

3.3 2.3
= 0.25 mA = i B1
4
= 0.8 + 0.7 + 0.1 = 1.6 V

3.3 1.6
= 0.85 mA
2
i 4 = i B1 + i 2 = 0.25 + 0.85 = 1.10 mA
i2 =

0. 8
= 0.08 mA
10
= i 4 i 5 = 1.10 0.08 = 1.02 mA

i5 =

iB2

3.3 0.1
= 0.80 mA
4
(b) iCo (max ) = i B 2 = i 3 + N i L
i3 =

3.3 (0.1 + 0.7 )

= 0.625 mA
4
(20)(1.02) = 0.8 + N (0.625) N = 31.36 N = 31
______________________________________________________________________________________
i L =

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________

17.25
DX and DY off, Q1 forward active mode
v1 = 0.8 + 0.7 + 0.7 = 2.2 V
5 = i1 R1 + i2 R2 + v1 and i1 = (1 + )i2

2[
So

= 25
Assume

5 2.2 = i (1 + ) R1 + R2 ]

5 2.2
i2 = 0.0589 mA
(26)(1.75) + 2
i1 = (1 + )i2 = (26)(0.05895) i1 = 1.53 mA
i2 =

i3 = i2 i3 = 1.47 mA
0.8
= 0.0589 + 1.47 0.16
5
iBo = 1.37 mA
Qo in saturation

iBo = i2 + i3

iCo =

5 0.1
iCo = 0.817 mA
6

______________________________________________________________________________________
17.26
(a)

vI = 0 V, Q1 forward active
5 0.7
iB =
= 0.717 mA
6
iC = (25)(0.71667) = 17.9 mA

iE = (26)(0.71667) = 18.6 mA

(b)

VI = 0.8 V

iB =

5 (0.8 + 0.7)
= 0.583 mA
6

Because of the relative doping levels of the Emitter and collector, and because of the difference in B-C
and B-E areas, we have iC iB = 0.583 mA and iE = small value.

(c)

vI = 3.6 Q1 inverse active.

5 (0.8 + 0.7)
iB =
= 0.583 mA
6
iE = R iE = (0.5)(0.583) = 0.292 mA

iC = iB iE = 0.583 0.292 iC = 0.875 mA

______________________________________________________________________________________

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________

17.27
(a) (i) For I = 0.1 V, 1 = 0.1 + 0.8 = 0.9 V, and O = 2.5 V
2.5 0.9
= 0.1333 mA
12
i 2 = i3 = 0

i1 =

(ii) For I = 2.5 V, 1 = 0.8 + 0.7 = 1.5 V, and O = 0.1 V

2.5 1.5
= 0.0833 mA
12
i 2 = i1 (1 + 0.1) = (0.0833)(1.1) = 0.09167 mA

i1 =

2.5 0.1
= 0.20 mA
12
(b) (i) 1 = 0.7 + 0.7 = 1.4 V
i3 =

I = 1.4 0.8 = 0.6 V

(ii) 1 = 0.8 + 0.7 = 1.5 V
I = 1.5 0.8 = 0.7 V
______________________________________________________________________________________
17.28
a.

ii.

v X = vY = 0.1 V, so Q1 in saturation.
5 (0.1 + 0.8)
i1 =
i1 = 0.683 mA
6
iB 2 = i2 = i4 = iB 3 = i3 = 0

i.

v X = vY = 5 V, so Q1 in inverse active mode.

Assume Q2 and Q3 in saturation.

5 (0.8 + 0.8 + 0.7)

i1 = iB 2 = 0.45 mA
6
5 (0.8 + 0.1)
i2 =
i2 = 2.05 mA
2
0.8
i4 =
i4 = 0.533 mA
1.5
i1 =

iB 3 = ( iB 2 + i2 ) i4 = 0.45 + 2.05 0.533

or
iB 3 = 1.97 mA
5 0.1
i3 = 2.23 mA
2.2
For Q3 :

i3 =

b.

i3
2.23
=
= 1.13 <
iB 3 1.97
For Q2 :
i2
2.05
=
= 4.56 <
iB 2 0.45

I /I <
, then each transistor is in saturation.
Since ( C B )
______________________________________________________________________________________

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
17.29
(a) (i) X = 0.1 V, Y = 3.3 V
= 0 . 1 + 0 .7 = 0 . 8 V
3.3 0.8
ii =
= 0.156 mA
16
i3 = i 4 = 0
(ii) X = Y = 3.3 V
= 0 . 8 + 0 .7 + 0 . 7 = 2 . 2 V
3. 3 2. 2
i1 =
= 0.06875 mA
16
0. 8
i 4 = 0.06875
= 0.02875 mA
20
3.3 0.1
i3 =
= 0.5333 mA
6
(b) i C1 (max ) = i 4 = i 3 + N i L

3.3 (0.1 + 0.7 )

= 0.15625 mA
16
(50)(0.02875) = 0.5333 + N (0.15625) N = 5.8 N = 5
i L =

(c) iC1 (max ) = i 4 = (50)(0.02875) = 1.44 mA < 5 mA, N = 5

______________________________________________________________________________________
17.30

For v X = vY = 5 V, Q, in inverse active mode.

a.

5 ( 0.8 + 0.8 + 0.7 )

iB1 =
iB 2

= 0.45 mA
6
= iB1 + 2 R iB1 = 0.45(1 + 2 [ 0.1]) = 0.54 mA

iC 2 =

5 ( 0.8 + 0.1)
2

iB 3 = ( iB 2 + iC 2 )

= 2.05 mA

0.8
= 0.54 + 2.05 0.533
1.5

or
iB3 = 2.06 mA

Now
iL =

5 (0.1 + 0.8)
= 0.683 mA
6

Then

iC 3 (max) = F iB 3 = NiL
or (20)(2.06) = N (0.683)
N = 60

b.
From above, for v0 high, I L = (0.1)(0.45) = 0.045 mA. Now
5 4.9
(21)(0.1)
I L (max) = (1 + F )
=
2
R2

= 1.05 mA

So

I L (max) = NI L
or 1.05 = N (0.045)
N = 23

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
17.31
(a) (i) Vin = 0.1 V

5 (0.1 + 0.8)
= 1.025 mA
4
= i Bo = 0 , Vout = 5 V

i RB =
i RCP

(ii) Vin = 5 V

5 (0.7 + 0.8 + 0.7 )

= 0.70 mA
4
= 0.7 + 0.1 = 0.8 V

i RB =
V out

5 0.8
= 4.2 mA
1
= (1.1)(0.7 ) = 0.77 mA

i RCP =
i BS

i Co = i Bo , iCS = 4.2 i Bo , i ES = 0.77 + (4.2 i Bo )

0.7
1
= 0.77 + 4.2 i Bo 0.7

i Bo = i ES
i Bo

(1 + )i Bo

= 4.27 i Bo =

4.27
= 0.0837 mA
51

(b) (i) Vin = 0.1 V, V out = High,

i L = 5 R i RB = 5(0.1)(0.7 ) = 0.35 mA
V out = 5 (0.35)(1) = 4.65 V
P = (5 0.1)(1.025) + (0.35)(5 4.65) = 5.145 mW
(ii) i L = 5(1.025) = 5.125 mA
P = (0.77 + 4.2 )(5) + (5.125)(0.1) = 25.4 mW
______________________________________________________________________________________
17.32

v X = vY = vZ = 0.1 V

a.

iB1 =

5 (0.1 + 0.8)
iB1 = 1.05 mA
3.9

Then
iC1 = iB 2 = iC 2 = iB 3 = iC 3 = 0
v X = vY = vZ = 5 V

b.

iB1 =

5 (0.8 + 0.8 + 0.7)

iB1 = 0.692 mA
3.9

Then

iC1 = iB 2 = iB1 (1 + 3 R ) = (0.692)(1 + 3[0.5])

iC1 = iB 2 = 1.73 mA
5 (0.1 + 0.8)
iC 2 = 2.05 mA
2
0.8
= iB 2 + iC 2
= 1.73 + 2.05 1.0
0.8
iB 3 = 2.78 mA

iC 2 =
iB 3

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
5 0.1
= 2.04 mA
2.4
5 (0.1 + 0.8)
iL =
= 1.05 mA
3.9
iC 3 = iR 3 + 5iL = 2.04 + (5)(1.05)
iC 3 = 7.29 mA
iR 3 =

______________________________________________________________________________________
17.33
5
= 0.098 A
51
= 5 (0.000098)(2) 5 V

(a) (i) I L = 5 A, i B 4 =
V B5

O = 3 .6 V
5
= 0.098 mA
51
= 5 (0.098)(2) = 4.804 V

(ii) I L = 5 mA, i B 4 =
V B5

O = 4.804 1.4 = 3.404 V

(iii) Q 4 in saturation

5 V B 5 (V E + 0.8)
=
2
2
5 VC 5 (V E + 0.1)
IC =
=
0.13
0.13
5 (V E + 0.7 ) 5 (V E + 0.1)
I B + I C = I E = I L = 25 =
+
2
0.13
25 = 2.10 V E (0.5) + 37.69 V E (7.692) V E = 1.81 V
IB =

O = 1.81 0.7 = 1.11 V

(b) V B 4 = 0.7 + 0.8 = 1.5 V
I B4 =

5 1.5
= 1.75 mA
2

VC 4 = 0.7 + 0.1 = 0.8 V, I C 4 =

5 0.8
= 32.31 mA
0.13

I L = 1.75 + 32.31 = 34.06 mA

______________________________________________________________________________________

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
17.34
a.

v X = vY = vZ = 2.8 V, Q1 biased in the inverse active mode.

2.8 (0.8 + 0.8 + 0.7)
iB1 = 0.25 mA
iB1 =
2
iB 2 = iB1 (1 + 3 R ) = 0.25(1 + 3 [0.3])

iB 2 = 0.475 mA
vC 2 = 0.8 + 0.1 = 0.9 V
0.9 (0.7 + 0.1)
0.1
=
(1 + F )(0.5)
(101)(0.5)

iB 4

iR 2

= 0.00198 mA (Negligible)
5 0.9
=
= 4.56 mA
0.9
iC 2 = 4.56 mA
0.8
= 0.475 + 4.56 0.8
1
= 4.235 mA

iB 3 = iB 2 + iC 2
iB 3

v X = vY = vZ = 0.1 V

b.

iB1 =

5 (0.1 + 0.8)
iB1 = 2.05 mA
2

From part (a),

iL = R iB1 = (0.3)(0.25) = 0.075 mA

Then
iB 4 =

5iL
5(0.075)
=
iB 4 = 0.00371 mA
1+ F
101

______________________________________________________________________________________
17.35

v X = vY = vZ = 0.1 V

a.

iB1 =

2 (0.1 + 0.8)
+ iB 3
RB1

where
iB 3 =

(2 0.7) (0.9) 0.4

=
RB 2
1
iB 3 = 0.4 mA

Then
iB1 =

1.1
+ 0.4 iB1 = 1.5 mA
1
iB 2 = 0 = iC 2

Q3 in saturation iC 3 = 5iL For v0 high,

vB 1 = 0.8 + 0.7 = 1.5 V Q3 off

2 1.5
= 0.5 mA
1
iL = R iB 1 = (0.2)(0.5) = 0.1 mA
iB 1 =

Then
iC 3 = 0.5 mA

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
v X = vY = vZ = 2 V
b.
From part (a),
iB1 = 0.5 mA
iB 3 = 0 = iC 3

iB 2 = iB1 (1 + 3 R ) = (0.5)(1 + 3 [0.2])

iB 2 = 0.8 mA
iC 2 = 5iL ,

and from part (a), iL = 1.5 mA

So
iC 2 = 7.5 mA

______________________________________________________________________________________
17.36
IB + ID =

(a)

IC I D =

5.8 0.7
= 0.51 mA
10

5 (0.7 0.3)
= 4.6 mA
1

Now
I D = 0.51 I B = 0.51

IC

= 0.51

IC
50

Then

So

I
1

I C I D = I C 0.51 C = I C 1 + 0.51 = 4.6

50
50

I C = 5.01 mA
IC

5.01
I B = 0.1002 mA
50
I D = 0.51 0.1002 I D = 0.4098 mA
IB =

VCE = 0.4 V

(b)

I D = 0,VCE = VCE ( sat ) = 0.1 V

5.8 0.8
I B = 0.5 mA
10
5 0.1
IC =
I C = 4.9 mA
1
IB =

______________________________________________________________________________________
17.37
(a) (i) I = 0 , 1 = 0.3 V
1 .5 0 .3
= 1.2 mA
1
i B = i C = 0 , O = 1.5 V
i1 =

(ii) I = 1.5 V, 1 = 0.7 + 0.3 = 1.0 V

1.5 1.0
= 0.5 mA
1
0. 7
i B = 0.5
= 0.465 mA
20
i1 =

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
1.5 0.4
= 0.9167 mA, O = 0.4 V
1.2
(b) (i) 1 = 0.7 + 0.3 = 1.0 V, I = 0.7 V
iC =

i B = iC = 0
(ii) 1 = 1.0 V, I = 0.7 V
1.5 0.4
= 0.9167 mA
1.2
i
0.9167
iB = C =
= 0.03667 mA
25

(c) iCo (max ) = i B = iC + N i L

iC =

1.5 (0.4 + 0.3) 0.4

= 0.78 mA
1
20
(25)(0.465) = (0.9167) + N (0.78) N = 13.7 N = 13
______________________________________________________________________________________
i L =

17.38
a.

v X = vY = 0.4 V
vB1 = 0.4 + 0.7 vB1 = 1.1 V
5 1.1
iB1 = 1.39 mA
2.8
= 0.4 + 0.4 vB 2 = 0.8 V

iB1 =
vB 2

iB 2 = iC 2 = iB 0 = iC 0 = iB 5 = iC 5
= iB 3 = iC 3 = 0 ( No load )

5 = iB 4 R2 + VBE + (1 + )iB 4 R4
5 0.7
iB 4 =
iB 4 = 0.0394 mA
0.76 + (31)(3.5)
iC 4 = F iB 4 iC 4 = 1.18 mA
vB 4 = 5 (0.0394)(0.76) vB 4 = 4.97 V

b.

v X = vY = 3.6 V
vB1 = 0.7 + 0.7 + 0.3 vB1 = 1.7 V
vB 2 = 1.4 V
vB 0 = 0.7 V
vC 2 = 1.1 V

5 1.7
iB1 = 1.1786 mA
2.8
= iB1 (1 + 2 R ) = 1.18(1 + 2 [0.1])
iB 2 = 1.41 mA

iB1 =
iB 2

1.1 0.7
iB 4 = 0.00369 mA
(31)(3.5)
5 1.1
=
= 5.13 mA iC 2 5.13 mA
0.76
iB 2 + iC 2
iB 0 = 6.54 mA

iB 4 =
iR 2
iB 0

______________________________________________________________________________________

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
17.39
(a) For the load, i RB1 =

2.5 (0.4 + 0.3) 1

= (0.2 ) R B1 = 18 k
R B1
2

For X = Y = Z = logic 1

2.5 (0.7 + 0.8)

= 0.05556 mA
18
2.5 (0.7 + 0.1)
=
R C1

i RB1 =

i RC1

i B 2 = 0.1 = 0.05556 +

1.7 0.7

RC1 = 1.63 k
RC1 0.7

(b) X = 0.4 V, B1 = 0.7 V, B 2 = 0

O 2.5 0.7 = 1.8 V
All i B = 0 , All iC = 0
(c) B1 = 1.5 V, B 2 = 0.7 V
2.5 1.5
= 0.0556 mA
18
2.5 (0.7 + 0.1)
=
= 1.043 mA
1.63
= 0.10 mA

i B1 =
i C1

iB2

4[2.5 (0.4 + 0.3)]

= 0.40 mA
18
O = 0 .4 V
(d) iC 2 (max ) = i B 2 = N i L
i L = 0.1 mA
iC 2 =

(20)(0.1) = N (0.1) N = 20
______________________________________________________________________________________
17.40
a.

For v X = vY = 3.6 V
5 2.1
= 0.29 mA
10
5 1.8
= 0.32 mA
vC1 = 0.7 + 0.7 + 0.4 = 1.8 V iC1 =
10
1.4
iB 2 = iB1 + iC1
= 0.29 + 0.32 0.0933
15
vB1 = 3(0.7) = 2.1 iB1 =

So
iB 2 = 0.517 mA
vC 2 = 0.7 + 0.4 = 1.1 V
iC 2 =

5 1.1
= 0.951 mA
4.1

iB 5 = iB 2 + iC 2

or iB 5 = 1.293 mA

0.7
= 0.517 + 0.951 0.175
4

For v0 = 0.4 V, vB1 = 0.4 + 0.7 = 1.1 V

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
Then
1.1 0.7
= 0.00086 mA
(31)(15)
5 1.1
0.00086 or iL 0.39 mA
iL =
10
iC 5 (max) = i 5 = NiL
iB 1 =

So

(30)(1.293) = N (0.39) N = 99

b.

P = (0.29 + 0.32 + 0.951)(5) + (99)(0.39)(0.4)

P = 7.805 + 15.444 or P = 23.2 mW

(Assumming 99 load circuits which is unreasonably large.)

______________________________________________________________________________________
17.41
a.

Assume no load. For v X = logic 0 = 0.4 V

iE1 =

5 (0.4 + 0.7)
= 0.0975 mA
40

Essentially all of this current goes to ground from VCC .

P = iE1 VCC = (0.0975)(5) P = 0.4875 mW

b.

iR1 =

5 (3)(0.7)
= 0.0725 mA
40

5 (0.7 + 0.7 + 0.4)

= 0.064 mA
50
5 (0.7 + 0.4)
iR 3 =
= 0.26 mA
15
P = (0.0725 + 0.064 + 0.26)(5)
iR 2 =

P = 1.98 mW

c.

For v0 = 0, vC 7 = 0.7 + 0.4 = 1.1 V

iR 7 =

5 1.1
iR 7 = 78 mA iSC
0.050

______________________________________________________________________________________
17.42

3 (0.7 + 0.3)
= 1.0 mA
2
2.4 0.7
(b) i E =
= 0.85 mA
2
3 2. 4
RC =
= 0.706 k
0.85
(c) (i) P = (1.0 )(3) = 3.0 mW

(a) i E =

(ii) P = (0.85)(3) = 2.55 mW

______________________________________________________________________________________

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
17.43
(a)

v I = v O = 2.5 V; A transient situation

vDS ( M N ) = 2.5 0.7 = 1.8 V
vGS ( M N ) = 2.5 0.7 = 1.8 V M N in saturation
vSD ( M P ) = 5 (2.5 + 0.7) = 1.8 V
vSG ( M P )5 2.5 = 2.5 V M P in saturation
iDN = K n (vGSN VTN )2 = (0.1)(1.8 0.8) 2 iDN = 0.1 mA
iDP = K P (vSGP + VTP )2 = (0.1)(2.5 0.8) 2 iDP = 0.289 mA
iC1 = iDP = (50)(0.289) iC1 = 14.45 mA
iC 2 = iDN = (50)(0.1) iC 2 = 5 mA

Difference between iE1 and iDN + iC 2 is a load current.

(b)

Assume iC1 = 14.45 mA is a constant

VC =

i t
(V )(C )
1
iC1dt = C1 t = C

C
C
iC1

(5)(15 1012 )
t = 5.19 ns
14.45 103
(5)(15 1012 )
t=
t = 260 ns
0.289 103

t=

(c)
______________________________________________________________________________________
17.44

Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition

Chapter 17
By D. A. Neamen
Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________
(a) Assume R1 = R2 = 10 k; = 50
Then

iR1 = iR 2 =

0.7
= 0.07 mA
10

NMOS in saturation region; vGSN = 2.5 0.7 = 1.8 V

iDN = K n ( vGSN VTN ) = ( 0.1)(1.8 0.8 )
2

iDN = 0.10 mA
Then iB 2 = 0.03 iC 2 = (50)(0.03) = 1.5 mA
iE1 = 1.53 mA iB1 = 0.03 mA iC1 = 1.5 mA
i
So DP = 0.10 mA
Now, M P biased in non-saturation region
vSGP = 2.5 V
2

iDP = 0.10 = 0.10 2(2.5 0.8)vSD vSD

2
0.10 vSD
0.34 vSD + 0.10 = 0

vSD =

0.34 (0.34) 2 4(0.10)(0.10)

2(0.10)

Or
vSD = 0.325 V
Then vo = 5 0.325 0.7
vo = 3.975 V

v=

(b)

1
i t
idt =
C
C

Cv (15 1012 )(5)

=
i
1.53 103
t = 49 ns
t=

(c)
Cv (15 1012 )(5)
=
i
0.1 103
t = 0.75 s
t=

______________________________________________________________________________________