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    AD Homework 2 - Solution

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    Jon
    Analytical Dynamics graduate course works in physics. Classical Mechanics. Questions from Goldstein, Fowles Cassidy, et al.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    AD Homework 2 - Solution

    Uploaded by

    Jon
    37 views2 pages
    Analytical Dynamics graduate course works in physics. Classical Mechanics. Questions from Goldstein, Fowles Cassidy, et al.

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Analytical Dynamics graduate course works in physics. Classical Mechanics. Questions from Goldstein, Fowles Cassidy, et al.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    37 views2 pages

    AD Homework 2 - Solution

    Uploaded by

    Jon
    Analytical Dynamics graduate course works in physics. Classical Mechanics. Questions from Goldstein, Fowles Cassidy, et al.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Analytical Dynamics

    Fall 2015 - Assignment 2 solutions




    1.
    As described, the system yields:

    T = 12 ma 2 ! 2 + 2 sin 2 ,

    V = mga cos ,

    [ = 0 means here the bottom of the hoop.]


    We have then:
    L T V

    d L L
    = ma 2 !! + g/a 2 cos sin = 0
    !

    dt

    The equation of motion does not depend explicitly on time so the energy function is
    conserved:
    L
    h = ! ! L = 12 ma 2 ! 2 2(g/a)cos + 2 sin 2 ,

    And we can identify an effective potential:


    Veff = ma 2 (g/a)cos + 12 2 sin 2

    Stationary points are obtained:


    Veff

    sin 0 (g/a) 2 cos 0 = 0

    =0

    0 = 0, , cos1(g/a 2 )

    We examine the stability of the stationary point at the bottom:

    2Veff

    = ma(g a 2 ) > 0

    02 (g / a) > 2

    =0

    So at < 0 the bottom of the hoop is the only stable stationary point, but at > 0 the
    point-mass moves up to a stable angle.

    2.
    Since there is no friction and the field is conservative, the total energy T + V of the
    system is conserved in every instance. For the momenta, on symmetry grounds the
    conserved quantities are found to be:

    (a) px , py , Lz (this system is invariant under translations in the x-y plane or rotations about
    the z-axis). Following similar arguments:
    (b) px
    (c) pz , Lz
    (d) Lz
    (e) pz
    (f) Lz
    (g) There is no isolated conservation of momentum here, unlike the above examples.
    However, we can imagine following a particle moving along the vertical direction while
    rotating about the z-axis in a way that makes everything look like its not moving at all.
    This is then obviously a symmetry of this system: if the distance between two coils is l,
    the corresponding conserved quantity is proportional to: pz + (Lz / l) , or equivalently to:

    lpz + Lz , as can be deduced from the geometry.



    3.
    With: L = mc 2 1 r! 2 /c 2 V(r) , we get for the x-component:

    d L L
    d
    mx!
    + V(r)
    =

    dt x! x
    dt 1 r! 2 /c 2
    x
    r! !!r V(r)
    m!!
    x
    mx!

    +
    =
    +
    =0
    2
    2 3/2 2
    2
    2

    x
    !
    (1

    r
    /c
    )
    c

    !
    1 r /c
    The y and z equations are obtained similarly.
    Alternatively, one can directly vary the action to obtain them simultaneously:

    I = mc 2 1 r! 2 /c 2 dt V(r)dt
    = m
    =

    r! r!
    2

    1 r! /c

    dt

    V(r)
    rdt
    r

    d mr! r
    dt

    dt 1 r! 2 /c 2

    d
    mr!
    + V(r) = 0

    dt 1 r! 2 /c 2
    r

    mr!
    d
    + V(r) rdt = 0

    r
    dt 1 r! 2 /c 2

    In the limit | r! | c : (1 r! 2 /c 2 )1/2 = 1 +O(!r2 /c 2 ) ,


    So that, to first order in | r! | /c we recover Newtons equations:

    d
    mx!
    V(r)
    + V(r) d (mx)
    ! +
    =0

    dt 1 r! 2 /c 2
    x
    dt
    x
    dp
    V(r)
    x =
    = Fx (r)
    dt
    x

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