Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 387 views

    Lecture 6 - Principles of Tooth Prep

    Uploaded by

    Bob Permana Simanungkalit
    This document discusses the principles of tooth preparation for dental restorations. It covers 5 key principles: preservation of tooth structure, retention and resistance, structural durability, marginal integrity, and preservation of the periodontium. For full veneer crown preparation specifically, it describes the 6 steps: 1) occlusal reduction, 2) functional cusp bevel, 3) buccal/lingual wall reduction, 4) initial proximal reduction, 5) axial finishing, and 6) seating groove placement. The goal is to provide adequate bulk for strength while maximizing preservation of tooth structure and healthy tissues.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Lecture 6 - Principles of Tooth Prep

    Uploaded by

    Bob Permana Simanungkalit
    387 views46 pages
    This document discusses the principles of tooth preparation for dental restorations. It covers 5 key principles: preservation of tooth structure, retention and resistance, structural durability, marginal integrity, and preservation of the periodontium. For full veneer crown preparation specifically, it describes the 6 steps: 1) occlusal reduction, 2) functional cusp bevel, 3) buccal/lingual wall reduction, 4) initial proximal reduction, 5) axial finishing, and 6) seating groove placement. The goal is to provide adequate bulk for strength while maximizing preservation of tooth structure and healthy tissues.

    Original Description:

    Principles of Tooth Preparation

    Original Title

    Lecture 6- Principles of Tooth Prep

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses the principles of tooth preparation for dental restorations. It covers 5 key principles: preservation of tooth structure, retention and resistance, structural durability, marginal integrity, and preservation of the periodontium. For full veneer crown preparation specifically, it describes the 6 steps: 1) occlusal reduction, 2) functional cusp bevel, 3) buccal/lingual wall reduction, 4) initial proximal reduction, 5) axial finishing, and 6) seating groove placement. The goal is to provide adequate bulk for strength while maximizing preservation of tooth structure and healthy tissues.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    387 views46 pages

    Lecture 6 - Principles of Tooth Prep

    Uploaded by

    Bob Permana Simanungkalit
    This document discusses the principles of tooth preparation for dental restorations. It covers 5 key principles: preservation of tooth structure, retention and resistance, structural durability, marginal integrity, and preservation of the periodontium. For full veneer crown preparation specifically, it describes the 6 steps: 1) occlusal reduction, 2) functional cusp bevel, 3) buccal/lingual wall reduction, 4) initial proximal reduction, 5) axial finishing, and 6) seating groove placement. The goal is to provide adequate bulk for strength while maximizing preservation of tooth structure and healthy tissues.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 46

    PRINCIPLES OF TOOTH

    PREPARATION

    DR. MOHAMMAD AL AMRI

    pp:119-133

    PRINCIPLES OF TOOTH
    PREPARATION
    1. PRESERVATION OF TOOTH
    STRUCTURE
    2. RETENTION AND RESISTANCE
    3. STRUCTURAL DURABILITY
    4. MARGINAL INTEGRITY
    5. PRESERVATION OF PERIODONTIUM

    PRESERVATION OF TOOTH
    STRUCTURE
    Partial veneer
    versus Full veneer
    crown
    Supra-gingival
    margin versus subgingival

    RETENTION AND RESISTANCE


    Retention prevents removal of
    the restoration along the path of
    insertion or long axis of the
    tooth preparation.
    Resistance prevents
    dislodgement of the restoration
    by forces directed in an apical
    or oblique direction and
    prevents any movement of the
    restoration under occlusal
    forces.
    Retention and resistance are
    interrelated and often
    inseparable qualities.

    RETENTION
    The essential element of
    retention is two opposing
    vertical surfaces of the
    same preparation.
    These may be external
    surfaces such as the
    buccal and lingual walls
    of a full veneer crown
    (sleeve retention).

    RETENTION
    The opposing surfaces
    can also be internal,
    such as the buccal and
    lingual walls of the
    proximal box of an inlay.
    An intracoronal
    restoration resists
    displacement by wedge
    retention.
    Many restorations are a
    combination of the two
    types.

    RETENTION AND RESISTANCE

    1. Taper
    2. Freedom of
    displacement
    3. Length
    4. Substitution of
    internal features
    5. Path of insertion

    TAPER
    The axial walls must taper slightly
    to permit the restoration to seat;
    i.e. the two opposing external
    walls must gradually converge or
    the opposing internal walls must
    gradually diverge occlusally.
    The terms angle of convergence
    and the angle of divergence can
    be used to describe the respective
    relationships between the two
    opposing walls of the preparation.

    TAPER
    The relationship of one
    wall of a preparation to
    the long axis of that
    preparation is the
    inclination of that wall.
    The two opposing
    surfaces, each with a 3degree inclination would
    give the preparation a
    total of 6-degree taper.

    TAPER

    Theoretically, the
    more nearly parallel
    the opposing walls
    of a preparation, the
    greater is the
    retention.

    Parallel are impossible to create


    in the mouth without producing
    preparation undercuts

    Why Tapered?
    1. To visualize preparation walls

    2 . To prevent undercuts
    3 . To compensate for inaccuracies
    in the fabrication process
    4. To permit complete seating of the
    restoration during cementation

    TAPER

    TAPER

    Tooth preparation
    taper should be kept
    minimum because of
    its adverse effect on
    retention.

    TAPER
    Optimum taper or total
    convergence of 16
    degrees achievable
    clinically while still
    affording adequate
    retention.
    Low as 10 degrees on
    anterior teeth and as
    high as 22 degrees on
    molar teeth.

    STRUCTURAL DURABILITY

    Restoration must contain bulk of material that is


    adequate to withstand the forces of occlusion.
    This bulk must be confined to the space created
    by the tooth preparation.
    Only this way the occlusion will be harmonious
    and axial contours normal.

    STRUCTURAL DURABILITY

    1. Occlusal reduction
    2. Functional cusp bevel
    3. Axial reduction

    STRUCTURAL DURABILITY
    Occlusal reduction : One of
    the most important features
    for providing adequate bulk
    of metal and strength to the
    restoration is occlusal
    clearance.
    For gold alloys- 1.5 mm
    clearance on the functional
    cusp (lingual of maxillary
    molars and premolars and
    buccal of mandibular molars
    and premolars ).
    1mm clearance on the
    nonfunctional cusp.

    Occlusal Reduction
    The basic inclined
    plane pattern of the
    occlusal surface
    duplicated to produce
    adequate clearance
    without over
    shortening the
    preparation.
    A flat occlusal surface
    may over shorten the
    preparation.

    Inadequate Occlusal Reduction

    Makes the restoration weaker.


    will not provide adequate space to allow
    good functional morphology under the
    anatomical grooves.
    The restoration easily perforated by
    finishing procedures or by wear in the
    mouth.

    FUNCTIONAL CUSP BEVEL


    An integral part of
    occlusal reduction is the
    functional cusp bevel.
    A wide bevel placed on
    the functional cusp
    provides space for an
    adequate bulk of metal in
    an area of heavy occlusal
    contact.

    Functional Cusp Bevel


    Lack of functional cusp bevel may
    produce several problems :
    1. Can cause a thin area or
    perforation.
    2. May result in over contouring and
    poor occlusion
    3. Over inclination of the buccal
    surface will destroy excessive
    tooth structure reducing retention.

    AXIAL REDUCTION

    Plays an important role in securing space


    for an adequate thickness of the
    restorative material.
    Inadequate axial reduction will have thin
    walls subject to distortion or result in over
    contouring the axial surface which could
    lead to periodontal problems.

    STRUCTURAL DURABILITY

    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.

    There are other


    features that serve to
    provide space for metal
    that will improve the
    rigidity and durability of
    the restoration:
    Offset
    Occlusal shoulder
    Isthmus
    Proximal groove
    Box

    MARGINAL INTEGRITY
    The restoration margin
    should closely adapt to
    the cavosurface finish
    line of the preparation to
    survive in the oral
    cavity.

    FINISH LINE CONFIGURATION


    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.
    6.

    Chamfer
    Heavy chamfer
    Shoulder
    Radial shoulder
    Shoulder with bevel
    Knife edge

    CHAMFER

    The preferred gingival finish


    line for full veneer metal
    restoration.
    This finish line exhibit least
    stress to the underlying
    cement.
    It can be cut with round-end
    tapered diamond.
    Conservative type when
    compared with shoulder
    finish line.

    MARGINAL INTEGRITY

    TO BEVEL,
    OR .
    NOT TO BEVEL

    PRESERVATION OF THE
    PERIODONTIUM
    The placement of finish lines has a direct
    bearing on the ease of fabrication and the
    ultimate success of the restoration.
    The best results can be expected from
    margins that are as smooth as possible
    and are fully exposed to cleansing action.

    MARGIN PLACEMENT
    Whenever possible the
    finish line should be
    placed in an area where
    the margins can be
    finished by the dentist
    easily and kept clean by
    the patient.
    In addition,finish lines
    must be placed so that
    they can be duplicated by
    the impression without
    tearing or deformation.

    MARGIN PLACEMENT

    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.

    Finish line should be placed in enamel whenever


    possible.
    Supra-gingival versus sub-gingival margin.
    Many situations in which sub-gingival margins are
    unavoidable:
    Caries
    Trauma
    To increase retention
    Esthetics
    Extension of previous
    restoration

    PREPARATION FOR FULL


    VENEER CROWN

    PP- 139-141

    PREPARATION FOR FULL


    VENEER CROWNS
    SELECTION
    Full veneer crown exhibits superior retention
    and resistance when compared with partial
    veneer crown.
    Selection becomes mandatory when the
    abutment tooth is small and the
    edentulous span is long.

    FULL VENEER CROWN


    Variations of the full veneer crown are:
    1. Metal-ceramic crown
    2. All-ceramic crown

    FULL VENEER CROWN


    INDICATIONS :
    1. Extensive coronal destruction due to
    caries or trauma.
    2. Endodontically treated tooth.
    3. Necessity for maximum retention and
    strength.
    4. To correct minor malinclination.
    5. To correct occlusal plane.

    FULL VENEER CROWN


    CONTRA-INDICATIONS:
    Full coverage should not be used in mouths
    with uncontrolled caries.
    It does not protect the tooth against the
    biological causes of caries.
    Caries must be controlled by other means
    before any restoration can be successful.

    FULL METAL CROWN


    PREPARATION
    ARMAMENTARIUM:
    1. Hand piece
    2. No : 171L bur
    3. Round-end tapered
    diamond
    4. Short needle diamond
    5. Torpedo diamond
    6. Torpedo bur
    7. Red utility wax

    FULL METAL CROWN


    PREPARATION
    STEP NO 1:
    OCCLUSAL REDUCTION
    1.5 mm of clearance of
    functional cusp and 1mm
    on the nonfunctional cusp.
    Depth orientation grooves
    are placed on the occlusal
    surface with round end
    tapered diamond.

    Full metal crown preparation


    Occlusal reduction:
    A round-end tapered
    diamond is used to place
    the grooves on the ridges
    and the primary grooves
    of the occlusal surface.
    If there is already some
    clearance with the
    opposing tooth because
    of malposition- grooves
    should not be made as
    deep.

    Full Metal Crown Preparation


    OCCLUSAL REDUCTION:
    The occlusal reduction
    should follow the
    configuration of the
    geometric inclines that
    make the occlusal surface
    of any posterior teeth.

    Full Metal Crown Preparation


    STEP NO 2:
    Functional cusp bevel with
    round-end tapered
    diamond.
    A wide bevel is placed on
    the functional cusp-depth
    orientation grooves are
    also helpful in this
    reduction.
    Functional cusp bevel is
    integral part of occlusal
    reduction.
    Failure to place this bevel
    can produce thin casting
    or poor morphology.

    Full Metal Crown Preparation


    OCCLUSAL CLEARANCE:
    Is checked by having the
    patient to close on red
    utility wax held over the
    preparation.

    Full Metal Crown Preparation


    STEP NO 3:
    Buccal and lingual walls are
    reduced with the round-end
    tapered diamond.The sides of
    the diamond will produce the
    desired axial reduction while the
    tip forms the chamfer.

    Full Metal Crown


    Preparation
    STEP NO 4:
    Initial proximal axial
    reduction with short
    needle diamond
    followed by the roundend tapered diamond.

    Full Veneer Crown Preparation


    STEP NO 5:
    Axial finishing- roundend tapered diamond.
    All axial surfaces are
    smoothed including
    all point angles. The
    finish line should be
    smooth and
    continuous.

    Full Metal Crown Preparation

    STEP NO 6:
    Seating groove with
    171L bur.

    Full Veneer Crown Preparation

    You might also like