Light Powerpoint

Light and Sound
In this unit:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
Properties of light
Reflection
Colours
Refraction
Properties of sound
Hearing
Part 1 Properties of Light

Light travels in straight lines:
Laser
Light travels VERY FAST around

300,000 kilometres per second.
At this speed it can
go around the world 8
times in one second.
Light travels much faster than sound. For example:
1) Thunder and lightning

start at the same time,
but we will see the
lightning first.
2) When a starting pistol

is fired we see the
smoke first and then
hear the bang.
We see things because they

reflect light into our eyes:
Homework
Luminous and non-luminous objects

A luminous object is one that produces light.
A non-luminous object is one that reflects light.
Luminous objects
Reflectors
Shadows
Shadows are places where light is blocked:
Rays of light
Properties of Light summary

1) Light travels in straight lines
2) Light travels much faster than sound
3) We see things because they reflect light
into our eyes
4) Shadows are formed when light is blocked
by an object
Part 2 - Reflection
Reflection from a mirror:
Normal
Reflected ray
Incident ray
Angle of
incidence
Angle of
reflection
Mirror
The Law of Reflection

Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection
In other words, light gets reflected from a surface at
____ _____ angle it hits it.
The
same !!!
Clear vs. Diffuse Reflection

Smooth, shiny surfaces
have a clear reflection:
Rough, dull surfaces have

a diffuse reflection.
Diffuse reflection is when

light is scattered in
different directions
Using mirrors
Two examples:
2) A car headlight
1) A periscope
Colour
White light is not a single colour; it is made
up of a mixture of the seven colours of the
rainbow.
We can demonstrate this by
splitting white light with a
prism:
This is how rainbows are

formed: sunlight is split up
by raindrops.
The colours of the rainbow:
Red
Orange
Yellow
Green
Blue
Indigo
Violet
Adding colours
White light can be split up to make separate colours.
These colours can be added together again.
The primary colours of light are red, blue and green:
Adding blue and red

makes magenta
(purple)
Adding red
and green
makes yellow
Adding blue and

green makes cyan
(light blue)
Adding all
three makes
white again
Seeing colour
The colour an object appears depends on the colours
of light it reflects.
For example, a red book only reflects red light:
White
light
Only red light

is reflected
A pair of purple trousers would reflect purple light

(and red and blue, as purple is made up of red and blue):
Purple light
A white hat would reflect all seven colours:
White
light
Using coloured light

If we look at a coloured object in coloured
light we see something different. For
example, consider a football kit:
Shirt looks red

White
light
Shorts look blue
In different colours of light this kit would look different:
Red
light
Shirt looks red

Shorts look black
Shirt looks black

Blue
light
Shorts look blue
Some further examples:

Object
Red socks
Blue teddy
Red
Colour object
seems to be
Red
Blue
Black
Green
Black
Red
Black
Colour of light
Blue
Green
Red
Green camel
Blue
Green
Red
Magenta book
Blue
Green
Using filters
Filters can be used to block out different colours of light:
Red
Filter
Magenta
Filter
Investigating filters
Colour of filter
Red
Green
Blue
Cyan
Magenta
Yellow
Colours that could be seen
Red
Blue
Green
Yellow
Cyan
Magenta
White
Refraction
Refraction is when waves ____ __ or slow down due to
travelling in a different _________. A medium is
something that waves will travel through. When a pen is
placed in water it looks like this:
In this case the light rays are slowed down by the water
and are _____, causing the pen to look odd. The two
mediums in this example are ______ and _______.
Words speed up, water, air, bent
Sound The basics

We hear things when they vibrate.
If something vibrates with a high frequency (vibrates very
______) we say it has a _____ pitch.
If something vibrates with a low frequency (vibrates
______) we say it has a ____ pitch.
The lowest frequency I could hear was
Words slowly, low, high, quickly
Drawing sounds
This sound wave has a
_____ frequency:

___ _frequency:
Drawing sounds
_____ amplitude
(loud):

_____ amplitude
(quiet):
Hearing problems
Our hearing range can be damaged by several
things:
1) Too much ear wax!
2) Damage to the auditory nerve
3) Illness or infections
4) Old age (not like Mr Richards)
Other sound effects

Like light, sound can be
1) Reflected sound reflections are called
______.
2) Refracted this is why you might sound
strange if you try talking underwater
The Ear
Label your diagram with the following:
These bones are vibrated by the eardrum
This tube carries the sound towards the eardrum
This part is used to help us keep our balance
This part picks up the vibrations
This part of the ear contains many small hairs with turn
vibrations into an electrical signal
This part connects the ear to the mouth
This part channels the sound towards the ear drum
The Ear

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What are the properties of light?

What are the properties of light?

How does light interact with different surfaces?

How does light interact with different surfaces?

Light and Sound

Part 1 Properties of Light

Light travels VERY FAST around

Light travels much faster than sound. For example:

1) Thunder and lightning

2) When a starting pistol

We see things because they

Luminous and non-luminous objects

Properties of Light summary

The Law of Reflection

Clear vs. Diffuse Reflection

Rough, dull surfaces have

Diffuse reflection is when

This is how rainbows are

The colours of the rainbow:

Adding blue and red

Adding blue and

Only red light

A pair of purple trousers would reflect purple light

A white hat would reflect all seven colours:

Using coloured light

Shirt looks red

In different colours of light this kit would look different:

Shirt looks red

Shirt looks black

Some further examples:

Colours that could be seen

Words speed up, water, air, bent

Sound The basics

Words slowly, low, high, quickly

This sound wave has a

This sound wave has a

Other sound effects

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