QAP - Level 03 - English Book PDF

Quranic Arabic
Program
At the end of this level, youll be able to understand

75-80% of Islamic literature in Arabic by using a
dictionary, Insha Allah.
Module AR03
AR03:: Intermediate Arabic
Muhammad Mubashir Nazir
www.islamic-studies.info
Table of Contents
Description
Page
Introduction
Lesson 1A: The Source & the Weight
Lesson 1B: The Last Part of the Quran
10
Lesson 2A: The Verb, its Types and the Derived Nouns

26
Lesson 2B: A Collection of Hadith
32
Lesson 3A: The Past Tense: Active Voice
39
Lesson 3B: The Biography of Abu Bakr Al-Siddique
47
Lesson 4A: The Past Tense: Passive Voice
64
Lesson 4B: The Law of Physical Purity
73
Lesson 5A: The Present & Future Tense: Active Voice

91
Lesson 5B: Communication in the Arabic Language
99
Lesson 6A: The Present & Future Tense: Passive Voice

111
Lesson 6B: Quranic Socio-Economic Teachings
120
Lesson 7A: The Groups of and the Source Noun
131
Lesson 7B: Hadith Commentary
134
Lesson 8A: Special Forms of Past Tense
149
Lesson 8B: Two Mothers of Believers
158
Lesson 9A: Special Forms of Present & Future Tense
172

Lesson 9B: The Law of Prayer

188
Lesson 10A: Instructing and Forbidding Verbs
199
Lesson 10B: Arabic Idioms
211
Quranic Arabic Program
Module AR03
Table of Contents
Description
Page
Lesson 11A: The Derived Nouns
217
Lesson 11B: Two Explorers of the Truth
227
Lesson 12A: Further Derived Nouns
241
Lesson 12B: The Art of Quranic Exegesis
252
Lesson 13A: Minor and Major Tables

268
Lesson 13B: Umar the Great
270
Lesson 14A: Ghair Munsarif, Huroof Similar to Verbs, Badl & Noun
Conditions
283
Lesson 14B: Caliph Uthman & Ali
291
Lesson 15A: Mansubaat
305
Lesson 15B: The Law of Zakat & Fasting
320
Lesson 16: A special type of Plural Nouns
338
Whats Next?
343
Bibliography
344
Module AR03
Introduction
Dear Reader:
Assalam o alaikum!
Thanks for selecting 'Quranic Arabic Program' to learn the Arabic Language. We will take you through a
series of lessons. At the end, you will be able to understand the Arabic Language Insha Allah. This program
contains an easy approach to learn the Arabic Language. This program covers the language of Islamic
Literature but it is name the 'Quranic Arabic Program' because the Quran resides at the central position in
this program.
People learn Arabic Language due to two reasons: To understand the Quran, the Hadith and classic Arabic
Literature; or to speak and write in the modern Arabic to communicate with Arabs. This course is targeted
towards the former objective. Although people with the second objectives can also get benefit of this
program.
Due to its systematic nature, Arabic is one of the easiest languages of the world. It has well-defined rules and
a developed language structure. If you are familiar with these rules, you can learn this language in a few
weeks.
To understand the Quran and the Hadith, it is essential to learn the Arabic Language used in the Quran, the
Hadith and the Islamic literature. We will focus on its linguistics, philology and figurative speech.
Study Methodology
Study Methodology is very simple. Study one lesson daily. Solve all the exercises provided under 'Test
Yourself'. Do not read the answers before attempting the questions. Once you solve the exercises, compare
your answers with the answers provided to you. In a few weeks, you will find that your Arabic Language
skills are improving.
The Boxes
Following boxes are provided to you for your ready reference. They contain very important information for
you.
Rule of the Day

Grammar and language rules will be
provided in this box.
Build Your Personality

Objective of our course is not only
teaching the Quranic Arabic. We are also
concerned about transforming our
personalities according to Quranic
teachings. This box will provide you the
tips for Personality Development.
Do you know?
Facts about the Arabs, their Language,
Islamic literature and history will be
provided in this box.
Face the Challenge!
Worth Reading
Links to good articles will be provided in this
box.
This box will challenge you which will help

you in developing your language skills
Module AR03
Introduction
The Program is organized as follows:
Level 0: The objective of this level is to enable you to read the Arabic script.
Level 1: The objective of this level is to enable you to understand the religious Arabic used in the routine
life.
Level 2: This level is designed to improve your language skills. You learn basic grammar and enhance
your vocabulary. After completing this level, you become able to understand 30-40% of the Islamic
literature in Arabic by using a dictionary.
Level 3: This level enhances your skills further. You read advanced concepts of grammar. Your
vocabulary becomes vast. After completing this level, you become able to understand 75-80% of the
Islamic literature in Arabic by using a dictionary.
Level 4: You complete your studies of Arabic Grammar at this level. At completion of this level, you
become able to read 100% of the Islamic literature in Arabic by using a dictionary.
Level 5: This is the last level of this program. You study the advanced concepts of 'Arabic Eloquence' at
this level. At the end of this level, you become able to appreciate the fine rhetorical concepts in the
Arabic language. It enables you to understand the Islamic literature in Arabic without consulting a
dictionary frequently.
Level 1 5 are also divided into two streams. 'A' series deal with the rules of Arabic Grammar & Eloquence.
Enough exercises are provided to you to learn the Grammar & Eloquence rules.
The objective of 'B' Series is to build your vocabulary. Passages from the Quran, the Hadith and selected
writings of Arab scholars are provided to you. You have to learn the words and styles and then translate the
passages into English. You need not to cram these words. The lessons and the exercises are designed in a
way that you will automatically learn the grammar rules, words and Arabic styles. At this level, we shall not
provide you the answers for the B Series.
This program is not designed to teach you day-to-day conversation in the Arabic language. This program is
also not designed to teach you how to write in Arabic language. But this program will help you in achieving
these two objectives. You need an Arabic speaking environment as well as a teacher to achieve these two
objectives. Nevertheless, the program is basically designed to teach you comprehension in the Arabic
language.
Ask Your Questions

If you are facing difficulty in any lesson, feel free to ask your questions. Send an email at
[email protected]. Feel free to share your views and valuable comments. Scholars of Arabic
language are strongly requested to please identify any mistakes in this book. Any constructive criticism will
be highly welcomed.
Important Note
This book is the beta version of this program. Quality review is in progress.
Certain spelling, grammar or language mistakes are possible in this book.
Module AR03
Introduction
Set-up Your Resources

Enable the Arabic Language in your computer. Follow these steps:
For Windows Vista Users
Open 'Regional and Language Options' from Control Panel
Press 'Keyboards and Languages' tab.
Press 'Change keyboards' button
Press 'Add' button
Select 'Input Language: 'Arabic'
For Windows XP Users
Choose Language tab.
Check the 'Install files for Complex Script and right-to-left languages (Including Thai)'.
Press Apply to proceed
Press Details button.
Press Add button.
Select the 'Arabic (Saudi Arabia)' in Input Language drop down list.
Select the default 'Arabic (102)' keyboard.
Press 'OK' and then 'Apply'.
The system may ask you to provide Windows CD during this process.
Warning: If you are using an unlicensed version of Windows, it may corrupt.
Download the following resources from this link to continue this program:
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/Courses/Arabic/Level01/AR000-01-Contents-E.htm
The Holy Quran
Arabic Font
A Dictionary: Download the Sakhr Arabic-English Dictionary and install it in your computer. After
that, do the following steps:
In Regional Options change the standard format to Arabic (Saudi Arabia), and the location to be
Saudi Arabia
Press the 'Advanced' card (The third card up) and then change the language to Arabic (Saudi
Arabia), then ok and restart your computer.
Check that Sakhr Dictionary is working.
Go back to the Regional Settings and change the settings to your normal settings.
Module AR03
Dear Reader!
In previous levels, you have studied nouns and
huroof. From here onwards, we are going to start
the discussion of 'Verb' and derived nouns.
Before proceeding, it essential to get an
introduction with the system of 'source &
weight'.

Be generous to others. Allah will be
generous to you.
Arabic is the most systematic language of the world. In Arabic, there is a complete system to
derive hundreds of words from a single word. If you know the meaning of that single word, you
will be able to know the meanings of several hundred words.
There are certain characters (mostly three) in such words which are common in all of them. They
are called the 'Source ('). The reason is that the entire set of words is actually derived from
these three letters. Before proceeding further, see the following set of words and identify their
source.
Rule of the Day

In Arabic, most of the words have three root
letters. Additional letters are added to them in
order to make hundreds of words.
Face the Challenge!

Think about 20 Arabic words in your
vocabulary and identify their root
letters.
Module AR03
The Result
Now compare the source identified by you with the following:
If you take any three characters from 28 Arabic alphabets, in most of the cases, they will be the source
for a set of words. Number of the derived words from a single source is often over 1000. If you know the
rules of deriving words from a source, just be knowing one source, your vocabulary increases by over
1000 words. This is the systematic nature of the Arabic language which has made it the easiest language
to learn. Most of Arabic dictionaries provide the meaning of the source only and the reader can derive
over 1000 words from that source.
From this lesson onwards, we will learn the rules to derive over 1000 words from each source. In above
table, you can observe that in first two set of words have the same three letters i.e. and . The
only difference is the sequence of these letters. If (
different source of words.
) are changed to () , it becomes an entirely
Arabic Grammarians have developed a system to grasp the rules of derivation. They consider the source
( ) as the base source. The letters of other sources are compared with the base source. The first
letter of each source is replaced with , second letter is replaced with and third letter is replaced with
. This system is 'The Scale' (). Grammarians call the first letter of any source as , second
letter as , and third letter as .
Module AR03
Test Yourself
Make the words by replacing (
) with the source letters of each word as given in the example and
also derive their meanings. Give red color to the , blue to the , and green to the .
Derived Words
the
done task
Opened
item
Doer
Opener
He does
Meaning
He did
He opens
Doing
Opening
Reading
Raising
Going
He opened
Sending
Giving
benefit
Slaughtered
Bowing down
Making
Do you know?
The Quran is the book whose thousands of commentaries have been written. The Quranic Exegetes
look at each word and sentence of the Quran from different angles e.g. grammar, eloquence,
vocabulary, text organization, legal directives, philosophical issues and link with Hadith.
Module AR03
Lesson 4A: Number
There are many nouns, whose plural is not made by following these rules. It is called
.They
( 3 or more men) etc.

are derived from the speech of native people. For example,
( many books),
They have fathah in objective ( )case and kasrah in possessive case ( )at their end. There plural is
learnt by studying the dictionary or the Arabic Literature.

They are used at certain structures. The benefit of learning these structures is that you will consider the
word at anyone of these structure will usually be a plural word. Just put the letters instead of and
get the

10
Module AR03
Lesson 4A: Number

!

!

!
Note that certain structures are
. It means that a cannot be used at their last letter. When
they are in possessive or objective case, their last letter will always carry a fathah. They are
Plural of some nouns can be used at more than one structures. For example, the plural of
is

. For words having more than one meaning, plural in one meaning is used at one structure
while that in the other meaning is used at another structure. For example
means a slave of a man or a
slave of God. In first meaning its plural is
while in the other meaning its plural is .
Face the Challenge!
Rule of the Day
Describe the difference between normal

plural and ?
\ denotes whereas is the symbol

.
11
Module AR03

Dear Reader!
In this part, we shall continue to study the language
used in the Quran, Hadith and other Islamic
literature. Take a separate blank page and write the
translation of the Arabic text provided here. After
completing, match your translation with that
provided in the Answer Book.

Whenever the Prophet had two
options, he used to select the easiest one.
(Bukhari) Make your life easy and create
ease for others.
85

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Explanation
Grip
He begins
He brings back
Loving, Affectionate
Glorious, Exalted
Doer
What He decides
Word
Explanation
Word
Sitting
Observers
They became enemies
They persecuted
They did not repent
Burning
Success
12
Explanation
I vow, I present it as an
evidence
One having something
Observation posts,
plural of
Promised
Observed
Ditch (full of fire)
Fuel
Word
Module AR03

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-86

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Rule of the Day
There is a built-in pronoun in each verb. For each
verb, there are 14 words to represent the 14
pronouns mentioned in Level 1.
Explanation
Secrets, plural of
Splitting
Decisive
Jest, joke
The scheme
A plot (to deceive)
Give time!
Give them time!
A while
Word
Face the Challenge!

Identify the verbs with past, present
and future tense in this lesson.
Explanation
Word
Star
Shining
Guard
He should see
It was created
Spurting, gushing out
Back bones
Chest
It is / will be tested
13
Explanation
Armies
An ancient nation of
Arab
Denying
Their back
Surrounding
Tablet, Slab
Protected
One coming at night
You perceived
Word
Module AR03

-87

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Worth Reading!
How to get rid of poverty? Is there any shortcut available?
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE03-0004-Poverty.htm
Explanation
He will burn
Great
He will not die
He will not remain
alive
He became
successful
He purifies himself
You prefer
The most lasting
Earlier scriptures
Word
Explanation
He hides, he conceals
We will make easy for
you
Word
Easy
Remember (Allah)
It benefits
Remembering
Soon he will heed the
reminder
He avoids it
Wretched, miserable
14
Explanation
Glorify!
He perfected
He planned
Pasture, vegetation
Having dark color

We shall soon make
you recite
Open, clear
Husk
You will forget
Word
Module AR03

-88

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Word
Explanation
Over-shadowing,
calamity
Fearing
Worn out
Exhausted
Blazing
They will be given to
drink
Boiling spring
Thorny bitter food
It will not give
nourishment
It will not satisfy
Module AR03
Explanation
Word
Hunger
Radiant
Their effort
Pleased, happy
High
Absurd, useless
Running
Raised couches
Drinking glass placed
Arranged cushions
15
Word
Explanation
Spread over carpets
She-camels
It is raised
Mountains
It is set firmed
It is spread out
One who reminds
One who forces to
do something
He turns away
Their returning
place

-89

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Explanation
Nights, plural of
Even & odd numbers
It departs
Oath, evidence
One having wisdom
Youve not seen
An ancient nation of
Arab
Pillars, plural of
Module AR03
They carved
Rock
Word
Explanation
One having nails, the one
who used to crucify
They transgress
Disorder
He let loose
Scourge, whip
Waiting in ambush
He tested him
He blessed him
He gave me respect
He restricts his sustenance
16
Word
Explanation
He humiliated me
You dont respect
You urge
Inheritance
Swallowing with
greediness
Much
It was pounded
To pound even
Organized in rows
!Ah! Alas
I have sent
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-90

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Explanation
He binds
His binding
Satisfied heart
Return
He is pleased with
you
You are pleased with
Him
I swear, I present as
an evidence
Allowed, citizen
A condition of
binding & struggle
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
He considers, he perceives
I have lost
A lot of
He has not seen
of Two eyes,
of Two lips,
of Two high ways,

He passed through
The steep valley, something
difficult to do
17
Word
Explanation
Freeing slaves
Feeding
Having famine,
shortage of food
Relative
Having poverty
Sympathy, being
merciful
Right side
Left side
Closed, encircled
-91

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Explanation
He smashed
Its consequences, its
aftermath
It brightens, it
illuminates
Your efforts
Various, different
Word
Explanation
Word
He purified it
He failed
He corrupted it
She (they) denied
Transgression, rebellious
pride
He gave (for Allahs

sake)
He rose, he came forward
He testified
Their most wretched

person
Good (outcome of
Hereafter)
We shall soon make it
easy
Allahs she-camel
Its turn to drink
They cut its legs
18
Explanation
Word
Its brightness
It follows it
Day
It (the sun) illuminates it
It (darkness) covers it
Its construction, its make
Its expanse, its wide spread
area
He perfected it, He leveled
it to ground
He inspired it
Its evil

Module AR03
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-93
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Explanation
Word
He became miser
He became indifferent
Affliction, hard time

He doomed, he falls into a
hole
I warn you
It blazed
He will not reach it

He will be kept away from
it
Module AR03
More or the most Godfearing
Explanation
Word
He gives / will give
He purifies
It will be rewarded
Seeking
He becomes happy
It spreads its darkness
He abandoned you
He became displeased
Word
Explanation
You will become
happy
He has not found you
A place to lodge,
shelter
Wandering
Needy
Dont treat with
harshness
Dont scold
!Proclaim
He will give you
19
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Word

Module AR03
Explanation
He has not opened
He relieved you
Your weight
It weighed
Your back
We raised, We
exalted
Word
Explanation
Difficulty
You became free
Work hard
Turn your attention
Fig & olive, it indicates
& 'the land of figs
olives' i.e. Jerusalem,
the starting point of
Christianity
20
Word
Explanation
Mount Sinai, the starting
point of Judaism
Form, mould
We reverted him
The lowest of the low
Unending
The Best Judge of all
judges

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Word
Explanation
Read
Clot of congealed
blood
Module AR03
The Most
Bounteous
He became
indifferent
He taught with the

pen
Word
Definitely he
rebels
He forbids
He sees
Word
Explanation
If
He does not abstain
We shall drag
Forehead
Mistaken
He should call
Helpmates
We shall soon call /
summon
Angels of punishment
21
Explanation
Dont follow him
Become close
We revealed it, We sent it
down
The night of planning
She / They come down
The Holy Spirit

Permission
Peace
)Rising (of dawn or sun
-98

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Explanation
He was not
One who desist
It comes to them
A clear evidence
They recite
Purified
Established
directives
They divided into
sects
Module AR03
Sincere
Word
Explanation
Devoted, plural of
The worst of the

creatures
The best of the
creatures
Their reward
Eden
For ever
They are happy
with Him
It was shaken
Its shaking
22
Word
Its weights
?What happened to it
It will describe its

information
He revealed
It will be brought out

Scattered
Explanation
So that they see their

deeds
Equal to the weight of
a grain
He will see

-100

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Explanation
Fast moving horses
Snorting, gasping
Striking fire
From their hooves
Raiding
)At morning (dawn
Module AR03
They leave
A trail of dust
Word
Explanation
They reach at the
middle
Collectively
Ungrateful, thankless
It will be opened,
disarranged
Graves, plural of
It will be collected
Chests, plural of
The Big Explosion
23
Word
Explanation
Scattered moths
Carded colorful wool
His scale was heavy
A life with happiness
His scale was light
His dwelling place
A deep place
Blazing
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-104

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Word
Explanation
Word
Explanation
It has killed you
Blessings
Desire for abundance

of wealth
Time
You met
Graves, plural of
Firm belief
You will definitely see
The Hell
Firm believe based on

observation
You will be definitely

make accountable
Module AR03
Loss
They advice each other
Woe
Slanderer
Defamer
He gathered
He counted it
24
Word
Explanation
It renders him immortal
He will be thrown
The tool of crushing
Kindled, blazed
It will reach
Hearts
Closed
Pillar, column
Long

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-108

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Explanation
Word
Fellow
Elephant
Their treacherous
scheme
Flop
Flocks of birds
They threw on them
Module AR03
Baked clay
Eaten straw
Association, love
Word
Explanation
Traveling
Winter
Summer
They should worship
He secured them
He shoves harshly
He does not urge
People performing
prayers
Unmindful
25
Word
Explanation
They show (for

)ostentation
They forbid
Ordinary items
We provide you
Abundance of good
!Perform prayer
!Sacrifice
Your enemy
Rootless One not having
progeny or followers
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Explanation
Module AR03
Unbelievers
I dont worship
You worship
Worshippers
You worshipped
He (it) came
Victory
Word
Explanation
Armies, groups of people,
plural of
One Who accepts repentance
It was destroyed
Abu Lahab, the main leader
of Prophets opponents
He destroyed
He earned
He will soon reach
26
Word
Explanation
Glowing fire, flames
Carrier
Firewood
Her neck
Rope
Twisted
Associate, equivalent

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-114

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Worth Reading
The Report of Transparency International and a Hadith. This
article is an eye-opening writing on the condition of Muslim
Ummah.
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE02-0004Transparency.htm
Explanation
Secret enemy, the Satan
He prompts
Chest, plural of
Word
Jinn, a hidden creature
Explanation
Knots
An envious person
He envies
Prompter
27
Word
Explanation
Breaking apart and
bringing forth
Darkness
It spreads
Those women who
blow upon, witches
Word
Module AR03
Dear Reader!
In previous lesson, you have learnt the
mechanism of source and how the words are
derived. In this lesson, we are going to
discuss the verb and its different types.

Make the life easy for your spouse, children,
colleagues and others by forgiving their
mistakes. Allah will forgive your mistakes.
The verbs can be classified on four basis:

Number of source letters
Use of source letters
Time
Voice
Classification based on the Number of Source Letters

Based on the number of source letters, we can classify the Arabic verbs into three types.
: These are the verbs having three source letters. For example ( opened), ( knew),

( helped). Over 95% of Arabic verbs used in the Quran are from this type. We will focus
only on this type of verb.
: These are the verbs having four source letters. For example ( shook). These verbs are
used rarely in Quran.
These are the verbs having five source letters. They are rarely used in Arabic
Language.
Here we will discuss only the verbs.
Classification based on the Use of Source Letters

Based on the use of source letters, we can classify the Arabic verbs into two types.
: These are the verbs in which only the three source letters are used in their base word. For
example
( helped).
( opened), ( knew),
: These are the verbs in which some letters addition to the three source letters are also
used in their base word. For example ( He fought with other). Its
is ( he killed), but
another word is added to make the sense of an interactive battle or combat.
Both of them are commonly used in the Quran, so we will discuss both of them.
discussed in Level 3 while
will be discussed in Level 4.
28
will be
Module AR03
Classification based on the Time and Nature

In English, verbs are classified as past, present and future based on the time. In Arabic, they are
classified into two. Based on their nature, two further types are added:
: These are the verbs in Past Tense. For example ( opened), ( knew),
( helped).

: These are the verbs in Present or Future Tense. For example ( opens / will open),
( knows / will know),

( helps / will help). Their present or future tense is determined by
the context in which they are used.

: These are the verbs in which a request / instruction is made to do something. For example
( open), ( know),
( help) etc.

: These are the verbs in which a request / instruction is made to not do something. It is the
reverse of .For example

( dont open), ( dont know),

( dont help) etc.
Here we will discuss all of them because they are commonly used in the Quran.
Classification based on the Voice

Like English, we can classify the Arabic verbs into two types based on their voice.
: It is the verb in active voice. In this voice, the subject (the one who does that task) is
described. For example

( he helped). The subject may be a
( he opened), ( he knew),
noun or a pronoun.

: It is the verb in passive voice. In this voice, the subject is usually not described. For
example
( he was helped).
( it was opened), ( it was known),
Both of them are commonly used in the Quran, so we will discuss both of them.
You might have noted that a verb can belong to many categories. For example
belongs to four
categories
at the same time.
Rule of the Day

Passive voice is usually used when an expressing
person does not want to mention the name of the
subject due to some reason.
29
Module AR03
Derived Nouns
There are certain nouns related to each verb. They are derived from it. They are classified as:
It is the subject doing some verb. For example
( helper). The subject may be a noun or a pronoun.

knows),
(opener),
(the person who

( the opened item),
: It is the object on which the verb was done. For example
(the known item),
( the helped person).

: It is the place or time where the verb was performed. in passive voice. For example
(the place to cook i.e. kitchen),
where people drink water etc.).
(the place where someone was killed),
(the place
: It is the tool by which a verb was performed.. For example

( a tool to open i.e. key),

( a tool to make a hole i.e. drilling machine),
(a tool to enlighten i.e. lamp).
: The adjective. It describes the attribute of a person doing something. For example,

(a knowledgeable person),
( a helper).
: It describes the comparative and superlative degrees of an adjective. In Arabic, a single

word is used for both of them. For example
( the most knowledgeable person or relatively
more knowledgeable person),

( the best helper or relatively a better helper).
All of them are commonly used in the Quran, so we will discuss all of them in next lessons.
Worth Reading
What is backbiting? What is its impact on a society? Read in detail:
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE02-0003-Backbiting.htm
30
Module AR03
Number of words in each group of verb and noun is provided in each box. With one
source, 148 words are formed in and 1184 words are derived in .
This is the minimum. By small adjustment, more words are also derived from each
source. We will discuss them one by one to know the method of deriving words.

14

14
28

14

14
28

14

14
28

14

14
28

148
36
6
Seven Groups
Similar to above
112
1332
31

148 x 8 = 1184
Module AR03
Test Yourself
Write the category of each verb or noun in front of it. All of them are
Category
Meaning
One who is
offended
The most
offender
He wanted
He is
Happy
Sinner
One that is
observed
The most
knowledgeable
Observer
Warner
Dont leave
Worship!
Make
One who is
protected
Dont say
The greatest
Great
Category
He sealed
He is left
He was created
He makes
He instructed
Prostrate!
He was said
Follower
He denied
He remained
He said
He goes / will
go
Meaning
Denier
One who is
worshipped
He is
worshipped
32
Dont worship
One who says
Module AR03
Category
Meaning
Category
One who is
obeyed
The most
peaceful
The most
respectful
Be!
Dont be!
He commits a sin
One that is
protected
Knowledgeable
Honest
He observes
He helps
Help!
It was written
One that is
written
Writer
One who is just
Great
It was written
33
Meaning
Say!
Place of
looking
Observatory
One who leaves
Creature
Maker
Instructor,
dictator
Ruler
Tool to draw
lines
One who is
followed
Place of
worship
The most
handsome
Observer
He was
worshipped
He gave peace
Key
Place of war
One who
remains chaste
Module AR03

Extreme interpretation of the Quran & the Sunnah are not
desirable by the Almighty Allah. The Prophet
liked moderate attitude.
!Dear Reader
Take a separate blank page and
write the translation of the Arabic
text provided here.
: ' :

' :
'

: .

'. ' :
' :
'.
.

' : '

:

'.' :
' :

. '.

:

.
'

' :

' ' :

: '.
'.

Word
Explanation
His matter is
decided
He got martyred
He knew
I fought
I was martyred
You fought
Brave, courageous
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
He was dragged
He was thrown
I learned
I recited
I taught
You learned
You recited
34
Word
Explanation
Reciter
He extended, He made it
easy
He gave
Various kinds
I left
I spent
Generous
' :

(

) '. - -

' :

) '. ' : '

'.

' :
' :

:

.
.

'.

' :
) '. (

) . (

' :

'.

Word
Explanation
Purity, cleanliness
Water
Allowed, lawful
Dead body
Utensils
Word
It licks, it laps
Dog
Times
First of all of them
Module AR03
Soil
Explanation
He should pour water on
it
Last of them
It is made lawful
Two bloods
Locusts, migratory
grasshoppers
Fish
Word
Spleen
Liver
He liked, He became
astonished
Explanation
Wearing shoes
Combing
I stretched my hand
downwards
So that I remove
His leather socks
Leave both of them
I entered into, I wore
them
Two clean
He wiped
Starting from the right

side
35

'.:

' :

'
' ' :

) '. (

:
' :

' ) (

' :

) '. (

' :

.

' ) (

:
' :

) '.

(

' :
:
) '. (

Word
Explanation
Be careful
Two condemnations
He discharges his body
wastes
Their shelter, shade
Module AR03
Alone
Rank
)Call (for prayer
Word
Explanation
Row, line
They arrange a lucky
draw
)Final call (for prayer
They compete with each
other
The night prayer
They crawl
Falsehood, vulgar talk
36
Word
Explanation
Lack of patience,
intolerance
Need
He forgot
The person who is
fasting
So he should complete
Fast
& He provided food
drinks

:

' :

) '. (

' : !

:
.

'. .

' :

'. ' !
'. '

'.

' :
'.

Word
Explanation
!Memorize! Protect
He will protect
You find it
In front of you
!Ask
Word
You sought help

!So seek help
Entire group of people
Module AR03
Explanation
They / she gather
They will benefit you
They will harm you
He has written it
It is raised
Pens, plural of

It had become dry
Books, plural of
37
Word
Explanation
He curse, he insults
He curse, he insults
So he should respect
Guest
So he should join
Relationship, mothers
womb
So he should say
He should remain silent

' :

.

:

.

' :

'. ' :

'.' : !
' : '.
'. ' : '

' :
'.

' :

'.

Word
Explanation
He stretches
It extends
His age
One who take care of
He signaled
The index finger
He kept some space
empty
Module AR03
He failed
Word
Explanation
He is not protected
Neighbor
Wrong behavior
He plants
Plantation
Animals
Vulgarity
Using obscene language
38
Word
Explanation
A vulgar person
One who uses vulgar
language
Miser
They shed
They cut
Their relations
They made lawful
Forbidden women for
marriage
' :
.
.

' :
: '.

' :

'.

' :

'.

Word
Explanation
You commit a mistake
It / she / you reach
You repent
Chain of narrators
Module AR03
Good, reliable
He commits a sin
Dot, point
Black
Word
Explanation
It polishes, it becomes
neat
It increases
It is wrapped
Corrosion
He declared it authentic
Two ways, two channels
Condition, criteria
Word
Explanation
You all keep it away
He wept
He / it returned
Milk, liquid yogurt
Milking organ or a cow etc.
Dust
Smoke, fume
He keeps away
39

' .

!
' : ' ' :

' :

' .

.

.

:

:

' .

.

Do you know? Hadith of the Prophet is not described without its reference. Thats why you
are finding the reference after each Hadith. Bukhari & Muslim were the compilers of two books of Hadith
which contain the most authentic Ahadith. Other compilers include Nisai, Ibn Maja, Tirmidhi, Abu
Dawood, Ibn Habban, Hakim, Ahmed Ibn Hanbal etc. Dar Qutni was an expert in identifying the
weaknesses in the chain of narrators in order to check the authenticity of a Hadith. Authenticity of a
Hadith is determined on the basis of reliability of its narrators.
Explanation
She called
Position, rank
Beauty
Privacy
It (tears) came out of
His both eyes
Word
Explanation
He testifies him
They have talked
(negatively) about him
He provides shelter
He grew up
Hanging
Both of them love each
other
Both of them separate
40
Word
Explanation
Word
A young man
I hope
I fear
A dwelling place
He gave
He secured
He accepts his
authority
Module AR03
Dear Reader!
In previous lesson, you have learnt the learnt the
types of verbs. In this lesson, we are going to
discuss the past tense for Arabic verbs.

Develop the love of Allah and His prophet
in yourself.
In Arabic, the verb is slightly changed by adding or removing a letter or a few letters to develop
the sense of a built-in subject pronoun. Sometimes a separate noun or pronoun is mentioned as the
'Subject' (the person who performs an act). If a separate noun or pronoun is not mentioned clearly
in a sentence, its pronoun is hidden in the verb itself. Form of verb changes with a change in
pronoun, as we will see in next pages.
Recall the lesson of Pronouns. We learnt that there are 14 pronouns. Each verb also has the same
14 forms to make the sense of all 14 pronouns.
The Past Tense is called
and stands for the 'Active Voice'.
Look at the table of past tense on the next page.
Rule of the Day

The second source letter ( ) may carry either a fathah, or a kasrah or a dhamma. It all
depends on how the native people speak.

will always be with a fathah, will always be
with a kasrah and

will always be with a dhamma. Same is the case with other words. It is
mentioned in the dictionary that the will carry which vowel.
Face the Challenge!

Prepare a list of 30 words of past tense from your own vocabulary. For each list, prepare the
complete tables as mentioned in the next pages.
Worth Reading
How to conduct work for Islamic Dawah? How a Dawah strategy should be developed? The
article is in Urdu language.http://www.mubashirnazir.org/ER/L0005-00-Dawat.htm
41
Module AR03
Verb
Verb
Person
He opened
Both of them opened

(male)
They opened (male)
She opened
Both of them opened
(female)
They opened (female)
You opened (male)
Both of you opened
You all opened (male)
You opened (female)
He did
Both of them did (male)
They did (male)
She did
Both of them did
(female)
They did (female)
You did (male)
Both of you did
You all did (male)
You did (female)
Both of you opened
Both of you did
You all opened

(female)
You all did (female)
I opened
I did
We opened
We did
Now make the tables of other words by using this page as an example.
42
Module AR03

)Test Yourself (1
Derive the meanings of all of the words having different pronouns.
Person
Verb
Verb
Module AR03
He raised
43
He listened.
Person
Verb
Verb
He came near.
Module AR03
He became happy..
44
Test Yourself (2)

Fill in the blanks by putting the meanings of red words in the sentences given on next page. Also provide the
pronoun of each word. Frequently use the tables given in previous pages for reference. Meaning of the first
word of past tense ( ) is given in the table provided on this page. You have to adjust the pronoun
accordingly. If the subject (the person who does the act) is already given, then there is no need to put the
pronoun, but the gender and the number of that subject must be equivalent to the relevant pronoun.
English
He did an unjust act.
He refrained from. He
protected.
He wanted. He desired.
He became, He was
He became happy or
satisfied.
He disobeyed.
He separated. He
divided.
He forgave.
He came. He gave.
He sent. He gave life.
He made an oath.
Arabic
English
He sealed off.
He said.
He went. He took.
He left.
He created.
He made.
He ordered.
He prostrated.
He provided.
He followed.
He disbelieved. He
denied.
He stayed.
He repented
(If 'He' means God, then it means that 'He accepted the repentance)
45
Arabic
Module AR03
English
Allah has sealed off their hearts.
()
______, 'Surely we are the reformers.'
(____ ____ ____)
Allah _____ with their light.
(____ ____ ____)
_______ them in darkness. They do no see.
(____ ____ ____)
That Who _______ you.
(____ ____ ____)
That Who _____ the earth a bed for you.
(____ ____ ____)

Allah _____ to connect.
(____ ____ ____)
So ______ except the Iblees.
(____ ____ ____)

So _______ .
(____ ____ ____)
So whoever _______ the guidance.
(____ ____ ____)
Those who ______ our verses.
(____ ____ ____)
Remember when ______ the sea for you.
(____ ____ ____)

Then ______ you.
(____ ____ ____)
46
Module AR03
English
Eat from the pure thing what ______ you.
(____ ____ ____)

And ____ did not _____ to Us.
(____ ____ ____)

Did ______ the providing water to the pilgrims
(equivalent to faith.)
(____ ____ ____)

It (the thunder) did not leave anything on which it
_____ on except that it _____ that thing rotten.
(____ ____ ____)

______ for him abundant wealth.
(____ ____ ____)
When the wife if Imran _____, O Lord! ______.
(____ ____ ____)
Remember when ______ you from the Israelites.
(____ ____ ____)
And eat from it comfortably from where ______.
(____ ____ ____)
If _______ the desiring one for the worldly life.
(____ ____ ____)
Remember when _____ Moses the book.
(____ ____ ____)
Worth Reading
What is ostentation and what is its impact on the personality of a person? What will be the impact of
ostentation on the Deeds Account of a person in the real life i.e. Hereafter? Read in English.
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE02-0002-Ostentation.htm
47
Module AR03
English
If _______ believing in Allah and the day of judgment.
(____ ____ ____)
He said, ______ for a day.
(____ ____ ____)
Alas! ______ with them.
(____ ____ ____)
______ with Islam as the religion for you.
(____ ____ ____)

_____ do not ____ you anything except what _______ me
to say.
(____ ____ ____)

______ , 'O Our Lord! ______ to ourselves.
(____ ____ ____)

If _______ my Lord, the punishment of that day is very big.
(____ ____ ____)
Remember when Moses _____ to his nation.
(____ ____ ____)
Then _____ to you after your death.
(____ ____ ____)
Worth Reading
Form of religious rituals is very important but their real spirit is
more important. Read the details in:
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE02-0017-Spirit.htm
48
Module AR03

Dear Reader!
Take a separate blank page and write the
translation of the Arabic text provided here.

Take care of your family. It is your religious
responsibility to take care of them.

.

' '

:

'

'

'. ': ' ' :
'.
' :
Explanation
He did at morning time
He described
He returned, he left the
religion
He considers
He told the truth
Word
Explanation
The miraculous travel

of the Prophet from
Makkah to Jerusalem
and then to the heavens
Word
He testified
He was sent on travel
Event, incident
49
Explanation
Family chain
Time / place of birth
It meets, it joins
He described attribute
Behind, after
Word
Module AR03

' ' :
' :

'.

1.

.2

. ' : :

' )(3.

) (1 306 .63 ,3/62
) (2 .7/170
) (3 .7/18
Word
Explanation
Module AR03
You testify
I testify
Morning
Evening
He was named
Explanation
Word
He born
Months
Scenes, views
Fast
Responding
50
Word
Explanation
He was sent
He sent
He comforted me
You leave
My friend

'

4'.
.

6.

8.

) (4 (5) .40 ) (6 1/65 .
(8) . / 63

) (7 :
Word
Explanation
He accompanied
You helped him
Dont worry
Peace
He supported
Armies, plural of
Module AR03
You did not see

Lower
Word
Explanation
Higher
Word
Explanation
Weak people
He traded
Slaves, plural of
Cloths, plural of

He decided
)Capital (in business

He converted to Islam
Interest, plural of
)Freeing (slaves
Slaves, plural of
51
To lead
Allowed
At the time of
Advise
He made him
relative by law
9

' :

11

10
-2

- - 13

.

.

) (9 :

:
(10) .

(11) . .
(12) .
(13) .15 :

.

Word
Word
Explanation
Attributes, plural of
Grace, good
attributes, virtue
It is possible
Related to physical
body
Related to ethics and
way of dealing
Module AR03
Weak
Two cheeks
Explanation
Curving shoulders
Sheet
Cheek
Word
Curving
Curve, bent
of Two shoulders,
Chest
52
Explanation
Deep
Forehead was
jutting out
Soft-hearted
Piety
Firm
Esteem, high rank
It is not reported

-

-

.

14

'
15

' :

) '.(

16 .

(16) .
) (14 : (15) .
/ .
Word
Explanation
Wise
Steadfastness while
facing problems
Facing
Affliction

Module AR03
It appeared
Strong
Wisdom
Political
Lesson
Word
Explanation
Humbleness
Word
Too much
Piety
Caliphate, government
of companions
He was appointed
Speech
He delivered a speech
His election
His nomination
53
Explanation
Oath of allegiance
Soon it will come
I am appointed
Objectives, plural
of
Consultation
He signaled
Acceptance
Ransoms, benefits
War-captives of the
battle of Badr
.
'.

'

' :

.
'.

17'.
' :
.

2/133
) (17
Word
Explanation
Shelter
A family of Madina
He became present

Module AR03
Group
He spoke
He clarified
Grace, favors
Word
Explanation
I became happy
Give oath of allegiance
You like
!O people
You prefer
He leads
Word
Explanation
He provided reasons
Priority, preference
He reminded
He asked for, he
demanded
So that he gives oath of
allegiance
He gave oath of
allegiance
You lead
54
18.

.
.

'

.

19 '.
) (18 / (19) . 4/661

. 6/305
Word
Word
Explanation
They remain behind
Module AR03
He warned them
Reality
Superiority
All
She / they agree
Next
He climbed
Explanation
It finished
Way, style
Governance
He announced
Short
He glorified Him
I do good
Help me
55
Word
Explanation
I do bad
Make me straight
I return
I take
It does not leave
He humiliates
It does not spread widely
He spreads in them
20
.

21 .

.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
.6
.7
: ) (21 / .
) (20
Word
Explanation
It includes
Lines, plural of
Module AR03
Major
His policy
He made equal
It is made
responsibility
Establishment
Principle
Word
Explanation
Cooperation
Raising
Slogan, words
Fighting
Taking
Flag
Suppression
He subdued and
overcome
56
Word
Explanation
Society
Until he remain
He establishes
Goals realized
Achievements
Full of
He did not
remain
Important

.

.
22

' :

.

- -
'.
) (22 . .
Word
Explanation
Execution
Military expedition
He prepared
He ordered, he made
leader
Module AR03
To travel
High lands
Word
Explanation
He left
He did not leave
He died
He became the ruler
He camped
Steep slope
News
Pouring out
Apostasy, revolt during
Abu Bakrs reign
He delayed
57
Word
Explanation
It becomes clear
He denied
I begin
They snatch
Birds
He got permission
He allowed
He went

23

24.

:

:
:

....25
.

) (23 :
(25) .8 .12/276
Word
Explanation
He revolted
They escaped
A city in North
Saudi Arabia
He raided
He intensified
Enemy
He moved quickly
Module AR03
/
) (24
Word
Explanation
Outskirts
A town in Jordan
He performed
His project
With success
Safe & sound
Bringing war booties
58
Word
Explanation
Those who revolted
)Capital (of a country
Country
False claimers of
prophethood
He continued
They refused
They interpreted

26

.27

28

5 (28) .321-320
) (27
) (26 :
.68
Word
Explanation
He sent
A letter
Directions, plural
of
Word
Explanation
They think
He discharges his
responsibility
To happen, to occur
Island i.e. Arabian

peninsula
Bloodshed
Messengers, plural
of
Collisions
They go before
So that they read

Module AR03
Returning
It allows
Appropriate
Armies, plural of
Arrogant people,
rebellious
False claimer of
prophethood
He put full effort
Word
Explanation
The most wonderful
They were able to
End
Persecution,
lawlessness
Passing of year
To cut, cutting
Root
They return
He communicated
It enlightened
59
' :

'.
29

' :

30

'.

33.
32
31

) (29 : ) (30

:
(31) .

(33) .

(32) .

:

. .30
Word
Explanation
Collecting
Thinking, idea
Time or place of war
A town in Arab, place
of great war
He brought to me
It intensified
Reciter of Quran,
plural of
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
It continued
Places of war
I see, My opinion is
To instruct you
He takes matter to me
He opened
Flat part of date-palm
tree used for writing
Word
Explanation
Flat stones
Place, scene
A flat part of date-palm
tree
It is removed
Leaves
Wide
Thin
I fear
60
:

:

:

.

34
.

) (34 .19
Word
Explanation
Conquests
It became stable
It returned
Its normal
He drew his attention
Objective, mission
Superior, high
Exaltation
Because it lacked

Module AR03
At this time
Word
Explanation
Spreading
of Two directions,
Persian
He became free
Fighting
Word
They rejected
It happened
Both sides
A town in Iraq
They were defeated
61
Explanation
War booties, plural
of
It continued
Victories
Number of battles
Areas
River Euphrates in
Iraq
Reconciliation
A town in Iraq
Center, capital

.35
:
:

:

.
:

.

:
.

:
36.

) (35 (36) .81

30
Word
Explanation
Division
Help
There
That he leaves
behind
Inviters to Islam,
plural of
Module AR03
Word
Word
Explanation
Eastern areas, Plural of
He demanded
Help
Help, support
Leader
62
Explanation
It was sent to
Palestine
Jordan
An area in South Syria
A town in Central Syria
37
-
: 13 :

38

.

)(37
: (38) .
86
Word
Explanation
It reached
High lands
Initial months
It happened
Fights, battles
It followed by
Fights, battles
To fight
He called for help
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
It relieved them
He passed through
Speed
Amazing
He joined
He turned
Their leadership
He organized them
Word
Explanation
Superior
They rushed
To stay
Land
Two sides
They defeated
Defeat
They become victorious
Organization
63

:13

-

...

40 39 .

) (39 : (40) . .293

Word
Explanation
Joining point
It happened
Meeting, encounter
Armed Forces
They blocked from
various sides
To fight
He stayed
Rows of an army
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
He moved
To help
Garrison, army
They were forced
It blocked from various
side
He mobilized
Mobilizing
They dispersed
64
Word
Explanation
Military troops
Reason
Sickness
He washed, took a bath
He was attached by
A viral infection
They meet
He made it their duty

- -

42
41
') '
(
.33 ( 42) . :( 41)
Rule of the Day

Past Tense in its simple form means that 'Someone did something once in past.'
You can add different words to it to change its sense. It is described in detail in
later chapters. Just note the following:
is added before the past tense in order to make the sentence negative. are
added before the past tense to make the sentence conditional. are added
before the past tense to make the sentence interrogative.
Face the Challenge!
What is the difference between

and
?
Explanation
Parallel
Two shoulders
He rewarded him
Word
Explanation
He was wrapped (in
cloths after death)
He buried
Word
Parallel
65
Explanation
Evening
Remaining
He asked in his
will
Word
Module AR03

Dear Reader!
In previous lesson, you have learnt the Past
Tense with active voice. In this lesson, you
will learn the passive voice. Like English,
the Arabic also has the passive voice. It is
normally used where the speaker does not
want to mention the subject.

Tolerate any opinion different to yours openly.
Always consider that your opinion might be
wrong and others opinion might be correct. So
be prepared to revise your views and opinions.
If you are already familiar with the active voice, it is very easy to construct the passive voice. Each
word in active voice will remain as it is. Just change the of that word. Place a dhamma over
and a kasrah under the . It will become the Passive Voice which is called
in Arabic. For example

( He wrote) becomes
( It was written).
the
Like English, in Arabic passive voice, the subject is not described. As a result of that, an objectpronoun automatically takes place of the built-in subject. Grammarians call this object the
'Assistant-Subject' or .
Look at the table of past tense at next page.
Rule of the Day

A sentence has three components: the verb, the subject (one who performs a task) and the object
(on whom the task was performed). First two are essential part of a sentence while the object is
not always essential. For example
( Zaid wrote a letter). Here
is the verb,
is the subject and is the object. In

( Zaid came),
is the verb, is the subject
and there is no object. In passive voice, a subject is not essential but an object is essential e.g.

( The letter was written). Here
is a verb while is the object. There is no
subject in this case.
Face the Challenge!

Identify 10 words from your vocabulary related to
the passive voice of Past Tense.
Worth Reading
What is the difference between an extremist and a moderate person? Which
approach is better: Extremism or Moderatism?
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE02-0015-Extremist.htm
66
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Past Tense: Passive Voice
Past Tense: Active Voice
Person
He was done
Both of them were
done (male)
They were done (male)
She was done
Both of them were
done (female)
They were done
(female)
You were done (male)
Both of you were done
(male)
You all were done
(male)
You was done (female)
Both of you were done
(female)
You all were done
(female)
I was done
We were done
Both of you did
You all did (female)
I did
He did
Both of them did (male)
They did (male)
She did
Both of them did
(female)
They did (female)
You did (male)
Both of you did
You all did (male)
You did (female)
We did
The passive voice of the verb does not make any sense but it is given just as the scale to make
the passive voice for other verbs.
Now make the tables of other words by using this page as an example. Replace the source letters.
67
Module AR03

)Test Yourself (1
Complete the table for both active and passive voice and determine the meanings.
Person
He killed.
He was killed.
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68
Person
He raised.
He was raised.
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69
Person
He came closer.
He was brought closer.
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70
Person
He listened.
He was listened.
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71
Test Yourself (2)

Fill in the blanks by putting the meanings of words in red color. Frequently use the tables given in
previous pages. Meaning of the first word of past tense ( ) in active voice are given in this
table. You have to adjust the pronoun and the voice accordingly.
English
He beat. He placed. He stamped upon. He put as. He
described.
He killed.
He asked.
He herded.
He said.
He unfolded.
He tore.
He created.
He raised.
He leveled.
He fixed.
He wrote. He made (something) mandatory as a law.
He rejected. He denied. He became thankless.
He made. He put.
He took. He caught.
He carried.
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English
Humiliation and misery ________ upon them.

And when the son of Marry _______ an example.
If he died or _______, will you turn on your heels.
If they were with us, they did not die and
___________.
O people! An example _______. So listen to it.
And the person who _______ wrongfully, so

______ his heirs powerful (by giving them the right
to plead against him in the court.)
And when _______ to them, do not make mischief

in the earth.
And when the girl that was buried alive _______,
for what sin she ________.
And when the wild beasts _______ together.
If we had anything to do in this matter, ________

here.
And when the reports (of good and bad deeds of a
person) _________.
And when the sky ________.
And when ________ to him, 'Be fearful to Allah.'
Arrogance ______ him to sin.
Do you know?
In Arabic, a confirm event of future, which is beyond any doubts, is described in the
past tense in order to demonstrate its inevitability. Due to this reason, the incidents
of the Hereafter are described in the Past Tense. In English, confirm events of future
are described in present tense.
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Module AR03
English
Do you intend to ask your prophet as Moses

_______ before.
Do they not see the camels how _______?
And towards the sky, how _________?
And towards the earth, how ________?
And towards the mountains, how _______?
Human being _______ of haste.
Human being ________ weak.
Were ________ of nothing or We are their
Creator?
The man should think from what ______. _____

from a gushing fluid.
Fasting _______ for you as it _______ for those
who were before you.
Have _______ the heavens and the earth.
Retaliation ________ for you in case of a murder.
And ________ him on (an ark) made of wooden
planks and nails. It flows in our sight (on the
water), as a reward for that ________.
Worth Reading
What is the difference between Monotheism and Polytheism? Why the Polytheism
not acceptable in front of God? How to avoid polytheism in our prayers?
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE01-0009-Monotheism.htm
74
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Lesson 4B: The Law of Physical Purification

Dear Reader!
translation of the Arabic text provided
here.

The top priority of a progressive person should be to
build his / her career at the real life i.e. the Hereafter.

.

:

.1

:
2

.
:

.

:

:
9:103 ( 2) .33:33 ( 1)
Explanation
Word
Raising, taking away

He / It forbids
Abstract filth, impurity
Physical filth
Real
Declared
Attribute, characteristic
It attaches to the body
Explanation
Word
Filth, moral filth

He purifies you
Purification
You purify them
You purify them
Abstract, moral
Physical
Terminology
75
Explanation
Word
Definition
Purity
It is applied on
It is meant
Being free of
Filth
Moving away
Sins, wrongdoings
Module AR03

Do you know?
The Chapter of 'Physical Purity' is usually the first chapter in the books of Islamic Jurisprudence Before
proceeding, it is essential to know some background information about the Islamic Jurisprudence.

') means the body of knowledge developed by the
The term 'Islamic Jurisprudence (
Muslim Jurists by applying the injunctions of the Quran and the Sunnah on real life situations. The
Muslim Jurists (legal experts) have been applying the instructions of the Quran and the Sunnah on
practical situations. Their legal opinions are compiled in the form of the books of Islamic Jurisprudence.
Schools of Thought
Several Schools of Thought have been developed during last 14 centuries in the realm of Islamic
Jurisprudence. Six of them are the most famous and widely spread over the Muslim World. They are:
Hanafi: It is the oldest and widely spread school of thought. It was founded by Abu Hanifa Nauman
Ibn Thabit (d. 150H / 767CE) and his disciples. The Abbasid Caliphate adopted the Jurisprudence
developed by Abu Hanifa and his disciples as the law of the state. Subsequently, different Muslim
Kingdoms in Central Asia and India adopted it as the law of the state. Majority of the Muslims follow
the Hanafi School of Thought.
Maliki: It was founded by Malik Ibn Anas (d. 179H / 795CE) and his disciples. Muslim state of Spain
adopted the work of Malik as the law of the state. It is mostly popular in North African countries.
Shafii: It was founded by Muhammad Ibn Idress Shafii (d. 204H / 819CE) who was a student of
Malik (the founder of Maliki School of Thought) and Muhammad Ibn Hassan (one of the founders of
Hanafi School of Thought). It is mostly popular in Egypt and some other countries of the Middle East.
Hanbali: It was founded by Ahmed Ibn Hanbal (d. 241 / 855CE) who was a student of Shafii. It is
popular in Saudi Arabia and some other countries of the Middle East.
Zahiri: It was founded by Dawood Zahiri (d. 270H / 883CE). It is considered the most literal school of
thought. It is also popular in Saudi Arabia and some other countries of the Middle East.
Jaafari: It was founded by Jafar Ibn Muhammad (d. 148H / 765CE) who was one of the most
prominent personalities in the progeny of Prophet Muhammad . This school of thought is
mostly popular in Shia Muslims.
These schools of thought differ with each other in their approach. Some interpret the Quran and the
Sunnah in strict literal sense. Some consider and some do not consider the background information for any
instruction in order to generalize it over other situations. While deriving laws, some include additional
sources of law other than the Quran and the Sunnah.
Since the 'Islamic Jurisprudence' is a human work not a Divine work, therefore, mistakes and
disagreements may occur in it.
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The Sources of the Islamic Law
The basic sources of the Islamic Law are the Quran and the Sunnah.
The Quran is the book of God revealed to Prophet Muhammad . It is widely

published.
The Sunnah is the practice established by the Prophet Muhammad . The practice
includes the detailed procedure for performing religious rituals. Minute details about the Prophets
practice are available in Hadith.
Some additional sources are used to derive detailed laws which include the following:
Consensus of Muslim Jurists on an issue.
Legal Analogy is applying a well-established law on situations comparable to that mentioned in the
original law.
Customs & Traditions of a society are also used in developing detailed procedures.
Law of Torah is sometimes also used to understand the injunctions of the Quran and the Sunnah.
Significance of Hadith Analysis

As mentioned above, detailed information about the sayings and the practice of Prophet Muhammad
is available in Hadith. It is very important to check the authenticity of a Hadith. The task is
performed by the Hadith experts. There are certain experts which are referred many times in this course.
Bukhari & Muslim: They are Muhammad Ibn Ismael Bukhari (d. 256H / 866CE) and Muslim Ibn AlHajjaj (d. 261H / 874CE). Their opinions about the authenticity of a Hadith are considered very
important. The books of Bukhari & Muslim are considered the most authentic books in Hadith. If both
of them are described together, they are called | and their books are called | .
Tirmidhi, Nisai, Ibn Maja & Abu Dawood: They are Hadith experts of 3rd century Hijra / 9th century
BC. Their books contain mostly authentic Ahadith (plural of Hadith) but they also include some
unauthentic Ahadith. Their books are referred as .
Hakim, Ibn Habban, Ibn Khuzaimah: They are experts of 4th century Hijra / 10th century BC. They
have also tried to include only authentic Ahadith in their books although the quality of their work is not
considered as high as that of Bukhari & Muslim.
Ahmed Ibn Hanbal: He is the famous expert of Hadith & Jurisprudence. His book is considered a
detailed source of Ahadith although it includes both authentic and unauthentic Ahadith.
The collections of these scholars constitute around 95% of authentic Ahadith.
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The Structure of the Legal Injunctions
The Legal Injunctions in Islamic Law are divided basically into two types:
: These are things 'to do' e.g. performing prayer, giving charity etc.
( )
: These are the things 'not to do' e.g. killing a person, committing adultery etc.
( )
are divided into two further subcategories.
Obligatory Things 'To Do': They are called (

)
or
. These are the deeds which a
person must perform and if he does not perform, he will be responsible in front of Allah on the Day of
Judgment.
Preferred Things 'To Do': They are called (

)or
. These are the deeds which a
person should perform but if he does not perform, he will have no responsibility in front of Allah on the
Day of Judgment.
are also divided into two further subcategories.

Obligatory Things 'Not to Do': They are called

or . These are the deeds which a person
should not perform at all. If he performs, he will be responsible in front of Allah on the Day of
Judgment.
Preferred Things 'Not to Do': They are called
. These are the deeds which a person should not
perform but if he performs, he will have no responsibility in front of Allah on the Day of Judgment.
Note: In Hanafi School of Thought, these categories are divided into further sub-categories on the basis of
intensity of the instruction. Other schools usually do not divide it further.
Islamic Law
78
Module AR03

.
.1

.
.2
:

.

:
.

.

' )(

' :
.

:
-1

) '.
' :

( ' :
) '.

(.
Word
Explanation
It makes obligatory
Urine
Stool
Sleep
The state of impurity
after sexual intercourse
Module AR03
It hits
Word
Explanation
Types, plural of
Filth
To become pure, to get
rid of
Blood coming out of
vagina
It is brought
He presses to level
79
Word
Explanation
Shoe
Harmful, filth
Purity
He should turn
He should wipe / rub
He should reach / wear

'.

....

:

-2

' : '.
' :

'.
-3

: :

' ' : 1

' :
3
) '. (
2

-4
: ' :

.
:

) '. (145 :
:
(3) .

) (1 : (2) .
:
.
Word
Explanation
To spill over
Half full bucket of
water
Module AR03
Saliva
Blood
Menstruation
One of us
She does
She rubs
Word
Explanation
She rubs
Stick
She rubs
She rubs
Fingers
Nails
She spills over

She spills over
80
Word
Explanation
Meat
Pig
I do not find
Forbidden
Eater, one who eats
Dead body
Shed, spilled over
Filthy
:
-5
:

'.

' :

'.

' :

.

: : .

: . :

) '. (25:48
. ' :

1'.

' :

) (1
Word
Explanation
Animal dung
It is eaten
Stones, plural of
I looked for, I asked for

Module AR03
He threw
Filth
Filth
Donkey
Word
Explanation
Water
It is divided
It is specific to it
Remaining
Its original form
By decree
Coming down
Word
Explanation
Snow
Changed
It comes out
Moss, water vegetation
One that purifies
something
It is used
Cooking
Water
81

: :

. :

.

:

: :
. :

-1

:

-2

:

' : '.

.

) (

Word
Explanation
It mixes
Soap
Flour
It changed
Application
It reaches, it becomes
applicable
Module AR03
It dominates
It changed
Word
Explanation
Color
Taste
Smell, odor
Purification
It removes
Visibly
Visible
It is difficult
82
Word
Explanation
Removal
Exempt
Previously mentioned
To spill over
Being dry
Liquid
Solid body
Solid body

:
-3
' :

.
'.

-4 :

' :
:
'.

.

) .(5:6 :

'.
' :
' : .' ...

.

.
.

Word
Explanation
Leather socks
Rubbing
Smell, odor, aroma
Related to water
It relates
Body organs
You stand
Elbows, plural of

Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Heads, plural of

Feet, plural of

Ankles, plural of

Essential, mandatory
He intends
Reason, logic
It is not accepted
He became impure
83
Word
Explanation
He performs ablution
Bukhari & Muslim
It does not complete
It occurred / happened
Consensus
Religious legitimacy
It became
Essentiality, necessity
-1

] [ .

1

.

-2 :

.

[ :
-3

'

.

'.
-4 :
.

-5 :

2 .

.

-6 :

) (1
(2) .

.56
Word
Explanation
Obligatory parts
It decreased
Incomplete
It is not trespassed

Module AR03
Mouth
Nose
Gargling
Word
Explanation
Inhaling water in nose
Inhaling water in nose

Preferred
Preferred but not
obligatory
Root
Lower
Two sides of beard
84
Word
Explanation
At the length
Ear
At the width
Washed
Not delaying washing
organs
Bone
Part

' :

1 .
'.

.
' : '.

:

) .

' :
'.

( ' :

) '. (.

) (1

]

[

.

Word
Word
Explanation
With a sequence
It is not proved
One doing against
Module AR03
Explanation
Coming
He did not reject
Generally
Start
He started
Explanation
He performed ablution
Word
He left
Place
Nails
Foot
He looked at
Do it in a good manner
Dry space
Equivalent to
85
Explanation
It did not reach

To perform again
Mere conjunction
It does not give benefit
Indicator that indicates
Entering
It is not placed at a
distance
Example
Reason

:

:

-1 :
-2 .
:
-4 .

-3 .
:
-5 . :

'...
' :
-6 .

-7 .
-8 .
.
: ' :

-1
'.

' :

'.

'. ' :
Word
Explanation
No escape, essential
Clear
Unbeliever, denier
Insane, crazy
From whom demand is
made

Module AR03
Differentiation
Differentiator
He does not
differentiate
Word
Explanation
It followed
Purifying organs with

stones after urine etc.
Cutting, finishing
Place
It makes mandatory
Preferred practices, plural

of
Cleaning tooth usually by

a fresh stick of a tree
Word
Explanation
Removal
Skin
Paste
Fat, grease
Washing organs after
urine / shit
86
More or the most difficult

My followers
I instructed them
With broken chain of
narrators

: ' :
-2
'.
-3 .

:

'... .
'

-4
.

' :
.

'.
-5 :
' :

. : . :

-6 . :

' :
'.

' :

'.

-7 . :
' :
'. .
Word
Explanation
Saying
Two palms
Empting
Starting
Exaggeration, doing
excessively
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Fasting
Put fingers in something
Heavy
He puts his fingers into
The most authentic
87
Word
Explanation
!Put your fingers into
The smallest finger of hand
Starting from the right side
Right
Left
-8
' :

'.

.
' : '.

: :
-9 :
'

:

'.

.

-10

:
' ' :

' :

' :

' :
'
'.
'.
.

Word
Explanation
Preferred
He did bad
He trespassed his limits
Module AR03
He offended
Word
Explanation
He completes
Being moderate in
spending
He passed
Word
Explanation
Over-spending
Canal, river
Flowing
Over-spending
88
1
:

' :
' ' :

' :1

'.

'.

2
:

. ' :

.

:
3

:

.
' :
.
'.

) (1 :
Do you know? Islam is the Religion of Ease. If a person has worn socks, it may
become a hassle for him to remove his / her shoes and socks several times to
allowed to perform perform the Ablution. Therefore, the Prophet
the full Ablution before wearing the socks and then wipe over them subsequently.
Word
Explanation
He delivered urine
You delivered urine
It amazes
A pair of socks (other
)than those of leather
A pair of leather socks
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Conditions are
imposed
To wear both of
them
Travel, walk
Utensil of water
His both arms
89
Word
Explanation
I bent down
I remove
Leave both of them
Leaders, plural of
Followers, the generation who
learnt from Prophets companions
1
:

.

. ' :

) '... .(5:6 ' :

'.
'. .

' ' :
' :

:

2

' :

'.

.
.

' :

'.

' :

'.

Word
Explanation
The things that cancels
Module AR03
It cancels
Desired benefit
Two holes i.e. penis
and bowel
Juices secreted from a
penis
Wound
Air coming out of
bowel with sound
Word
Explanation
Air coming out of
bowel without sound
Temporary suspension
Intoxication
Unconsciousness
Medicine
Our leather socks
Their nights
90
Word
Explanation
Light, easy
Firmly positions
Ass
It cancels, it becomes void
It came down
They were awaken
Snoring

' .
' :

:

' :

' .

.
: 4
':

' :' . ' : '

' : '

:' . ': '

' :' .

.
' . ':'
'

Rule of the Day
The subject (one who performs a task) will always be in its subjective
case while the object (on whom the task was performed) will
always be in its objective case . For example, in the sentence
( Zaid wrote a letter). is the subject, so it is in case

while is the object, so it is in case.
Face the Challenge!

Identify 10 words from your vocabulary related to the
active voice of Past Tense and make them passive.
Explanation
Word
Camel
Sheep, goats
Place where sheep & goats
are kept
Place where camels are kept
Explanation
Penis
He took
A barrier usually cloth
between something
It became mandatory
91
Word
Explanation
Touching
Sexual organs
A barrier between
something
Word
Module AR03
'
:
'.

'.' :
' :

'.

.
) ' '
(
Worth Reading
Why people have two faces? What is the impact of dual
personality on the reputation? Read the details in:
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE02-0016Twofaces.htm
Word
Explanation
He is sure
He is doubtful
Remaining, sustaining
Significance, lesson
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
A sure thing
It will not be moved
It will not be moved
A doubt was brought
92
Word
Explanation
He thinks, he imagines
He will leave
Inside part of belly, stomach
He became doubtful

Dear Reader!
In previous lessons, you have learnt the Past
Tense with active and passive voice. In this
lesson, you will learn the past and future
tense. Unlike English, the Arabic has single
words for both of them. The time of
occurrence is determined by the context.
This tense is called

Fulfill your promises. You will asked about it in
the court of your Lord.
in Arabic. The significance of this tense is that the next two verbs
are derived from it. In addition to that, a lot of different styles of Arabic Language are
also derived from it. We will learn the rules for that derivation in next lessons.
Learn the table for the verb
. Place the three letters of each source verb instead of of this table
as mentioned on the next page to produce different pronouns of any source verb.
Face the Challenge!

Identify 20 words from your vocabulary related to the active voice
of .
Rule of the Day

The second source letter (
)may carry either a fathah, or a kasrah or

a dhamma. It all depends on how the native people speak.
will
always be with a fathah,
will always be with a kasrah and

will
always be with a dhamma. Same is the case with other words. It is
mentioned in the dictionary that the will carry which movement.
Worth Reading
In the Land of the Quran & the Bible. At travel story to the sites
related to Gods prophets. The writing is in Urdu.
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/ER/L0014-00-Safarnama.htm
93
Module AR03
Verb
Verb
Person
He opens / He will open
He does / He will do
Both of them open / Both

of them will open (male)
Both of them do / Both

of them will do (male)
They open / They will

open (male)
They do / They will do

(male)
She does / She will do
She opens / She will open

Both of them open / Both
of them will open (female)
Both of them do / Both

of them will do (female)
They open / They will

open (female)

(female)
You open / You will open

(male)
Both of you open / Both of
you will open (male)
You all open / You all will
open (male)
You open / You will open
(female)
Both of you open / Both of
you will open (female)
You all open / You all will
open (female)
You do / You will do

(male)
Both of you do / Both of
you will do (male)
You all do / You all will

do (male)
You all do / They all will

do (female)
You do / You will do

(female)
Both of you do / Both of
you will do (female)
I open / I shall open
I do / I shall do
We open / We shall open
We do / We shall do
94
Module AR03

)Test Yourself (1
Complete the tables for given verbs.
Person
Verb
Verb
He beats / He will beat
He listens / He will
listen
Module AR03
95
Person
Verb
Verb
He comes near / He will

come near
He becomes happy /
He will be happy
Module AR03
96
Test Yourself (2)

previous pages. First word ( ) of in active voice are given in
this table. Meaning of the verb is also given. You have to adjust the verb, the pronoun and the voice
accordingly.
English
To be fearful
To desire, to want
To take away
To do
To disbelieve, to reject
To take, to catch
To be steadfast, to be
patient, to endure
To leave
To repent, to accept the
repentance
To send, to raise up
To kill
To perform, to do
To guide
To beat, to describe
To disobey, to revolt
English
To provide as sustenance
To call
To prostrate
To forbid
To leave, to extend
To say
To instruct / request /
advise
To wander about, to stray
To impose, to offer for

sale
To forgive
To be thankful
To worship
To see, to think, to wait

To make a vow
To ask
To know
97
Module AR03
English
Those who believe in the unseen (truth) and
establish the prayer and spend out of what
_________ to them.
There must be a group amongst you who
_________ towards the piety and _______ for good
deeds and ________ from bad deeds.
_________ in their trespass, so ________.
And remember when _______ to the angels,
'Prostrate before Adam.' So _________ except
Ibless.
And remember when We delivered you from the
people of Pharaoh, __________ to the worst
torture.
Then __________ you after that, so that
__________.
And Allah intends to ________.
Do __________ for Allah to come down to them in

the shadow of clouds?
__________, 'What they should spend?'
And whatever you spend in charity from your
wealth or whatever ________, Allah ________.
And nobody _______ its meaning except Allah.
Worth Reading
The Report of Transparency International and a Hadith. This article is an eyeopening writing on the condition of Muslim Ummah.
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE02-0004-Transparency.htm
98
Module AR03
English
This is for that person from you who ________

about that trouble.
Those ________, 'O our Lord! Surely we believe,
so forgive our sins.'
Say, 'O Allah! You are the Master of all the
kingship, You give the kingdom to whom _______
and _______ the kingdom from whom _______.
And You bring out the living from the dead and
________ to whom ________ without any
measurement.
Surely, Allah ______ what ____________.
Do you believe in some part of the Holy Book and
_________ some part of it. So what is the reward
for that person from you who ________ that
_______ disgrace in this world?
And remember when _________, 'O Moses! We
will definitely never believe you unless _______
Allah with our own eyes.' So a thunderbolt
_________ while ________.
Allah ______ what ________.

And remember when _________, 'O Moses! ____
will definitely not _______ on one type of food.
Rule of the Day

Some verbs require an object. For example
( Zaid
wrote a letter). This sentence is not complete without the object
. Such verbs are called . On the other hand, there
are certain verbs which do not require an object. For example
( Zaid came). This sentence is complete without an object.

Such verbs are called .
99
Face the Challenge!

Think about five examples
each for .
Module AR03
English
_______, 'O Shuaib! Does your prayer _____ that
______ what our ancestors ______ or what ______
with our wealth as _______?'
Verily, Allah ______ those in graves.
Those who _______ Allahs verses and _______
the prophets without any justification and _______
those persons from people who _______ justice, so
give them the warning of a painful punishment.
You are the best group raised for the humanity,
_______ towards the right and _______ evil and
you believe in Allah.
Verily Allah is watching what ________.
_______ You only and we seek help from your
only.
O our Lord! Do not let our hearts deviated (from

the right path) after _________.
In the same way, Allah _____ what ______.
How Allah ____ a group who _____ (the faith)
after believing (in it).
And poverty _______ on them. That (punishment)
was due to (the fact) that _______ Allahs verses
and ______ prophets unjustly. That (punishment)
was due to (the fact) that ______ and they were
the trespassers.
100
Module AR03

Dear Reader!
here.

Jealousy does not harm anyone except the jealous
person.
' :1
.

2 '.

661

( 1)

.470 /1

( 2) . 728
Worth Reading
How to get rid of Frustration? The author has analyzed the reasons
of frustration and provided solutions to get rid of it. The writing is
in Urdu.
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/ER/L0002-00-Frustration.htm
Explanation
Rituals, plural of
Worship
Its becomes possible
Recitation
Demand, seeking
Word
Explanation
Keeping, arranging
Knowledge
It completes
Learning
Word
Necessity
101
Explanation
Language
He spoke
Seal
Prophets
Word
Module AR03

.
.

:
-
:
(2) .
.

) (1
-
:

.
(2) .
(1) :
Word
Explanation
Significance,
importance
Expression
Expression,
articulation
Tongue or pen
Thoughts
Meanings
It is considered
It is distinguished
Objective, purpose
Module AR03
Means, plural of
Support
Word
Explanation
Way, mean, tool

Understanding
Joining, connecting
Individual
He considers
Transport, move
Word
Heritage
Generations, plural of
Present
Future
Explanation
Taking
Statement, meaning
Capability
Student
Two skills
Listened
Read
Giving
Oral
Written
Two sides
102

:
Word
Explanation
Topics
Functional, related to
work
He expresses
Objective
It demands
Sphere, surrounding

Module AR03
Education
Offer
Society
Letter
Word
Explanation
Conversation
Meeting
Announcements
Creative
Its objective is
Expression
Inner feelings
Sympathies, love,

plural of

Emotions, plural of
Translation
Friends, plural of
Feelings
103
Word
Explanation
Selection
Good
Organization
Theses
Creating stories
Composing verses
You become able
Employing, using
Language styles, plural
of
We suggest
Following

Word
Explanation
Knowledge,
information
Reading
It will widen
Circle
Culture, education
It will fill
Thinking
It advanced
Level
Cultured, polished
Texts, plural of

Module AR03
Written
Word
Explanation
Loud voice
Establishing
Memorizing
You are capable of
Starting
Poetry and prose
It will help
Presenting as an
evidence
It will increase
Beauty, grace
Increasing
Listening
104
Word
Explanation
Attending
Lectures
Seminars, conferences
Poetic evenings i.e.
where poets recite their
verses in front of each
other
Listening
Cassettes, plural of
Beneficial, useful
It will help
Development
It will accustom
Eloquent, fluent

.

.

.

Word
Explanation
Occasions, places
Scholastic
It loosens
Knot
Commitment
Talking
Word
Peers, plural of
Teachers, plural of

Module AR03
You meet
Beautiful, good
Ending
Explanation
Conciseness
Defining
Steps
Linking, coherence
Logical
Confusion
Contradiction
Word
Sentences, plural of
Size, vessel
Defective, disturbing
Wordiness
105
Explanation
Boring
Getting benefit of
Sources
External
Experience
Verses
Words of wisdom
Idioms
Interesting
Attractive
Rich
.

:
.

:

Explanation
Military
Social
Conferences,
conventions
Delegations, plural of
Family ceremonies
Parts
Initial part
Subject, main part
Ending part
Word
Explanation
By numbers
By organization
Delivering a public
speech
Art
Addressing
Masses, public
Influencing
Persuasion
Religious
Political
Word
106
Explanation
Attention
Avoidance
Mistakes, plural of
Linguistic, related to
vocabulary
It is possible
Remoteness, farness
Non Arab
By mistake
Grammatical
Slang, colloquial
Word
Module AR03
:

:

.
.

.

.

.
.

.
.

.

Do you know?
In Pre-Islamic Arabia, the tasks related to the administration of the Holy Kaaba and Hajj were considered
a pride for the people performing them. They had divided such tasks in different families of Makkah.
Housekeeping of the Holy Kaaba was called

, providing water to the Pilgrims was called ,
feeding the poor Pilgrims was called
. Special funds were maintained for each of these tasks.
In addition to that, they had many other high ranks for different families of Makkah, maintaining their
parliament house, holding flags during a war, arranging military camps, dealing with foreign affairs,
managing public finances, sending delegations to other states etc.
After conquest of Makkah, the Prophet rearranged all the institutions except those related to the
Pilgrimage.
Explanation
Quality
Making provisions
Areas of knowledge
Various
Arts, plural of
Examples
Word
Explanation
Training
Practice
Bravery, courage
Presence
Intuition
Fluency, ease to speak
Delivery, throwing
107
Word
Explanation
Guidelines
Speaker
It is essential
To exist in large
numbers
Following
Ability
Natural
Word

Module AR03
.
:

:

.
.
.

....
.

:

.

.54

) (1
Word
Explanation
Last, ending
I explain, I clarify
I hope that
I shall meet you
Sacredness, holiness
City
I have conveyed
!Be witness
Trust, something kept
with other for care
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
He should pay it
The trust is payable
Usury, interest
Void
Principal
I start
My uncle
Glorious rank
The period of
ignorance before Islam
108
Word
Explanation
Housekeeping of the Kaaba
Arranging water for pilgrims
Intentionally
Retaliation will be taken
Similar, not intentional
Camels
He lost hope
You despise
Writing

.

:

.

. .
Word
Explanation
Right
They perform sex
Bed
They allow to enter
You dislike
They bring
Vulgar act
Open, clear
You admonish them
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Leave them
Beds, plural of
You beat them

Intense
They terminate
Their dresses
Established practice /
law of the society
Be well wisher
For a man
109
Word
Explanation
With pleasure of heart
You return
Necks
You will definitely not go
astray
The most respected of you
The most pious among you
He should convey
Present
Absent

1 .

.

.

' :

2'.

) (1 (2) .57/ 5 2 13 867
!Face the Challenge
Identify 10 words from your vocabulary related to
. the passive voice of
Word
Explanation
Sample, example
Evils, plural of

Module AR03
Our personalities,
plural of
He guides
He leaven astray
One who guides
Word
Explanation
He spread
You will be asked
Observer
Right
He will reform
He follows
110
Word
Explanation
He became successful, he
achieved
Success
Guidance
New things introduced in
religion, plural of
Self-created religion
Deviation from the right
path
1 .

' : 2 '.

. ! .
. ' : !
3'.

) (1 (2) .56 1 17 (3) 408 5 57
Word
Explanation
The most honorable
He adopted the way
I advise
They send blessings
Pray for blessings
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Word
Pray for peace

Peace
Be pleased
All
You make them
111
Explanation
Target
He loves them
Due to his love for me
He hates them
Due to his hatred for me

.

.

! '

'.

...
...

) ' '
(
Worth Reading
?Suspicion is the major reason for our disputes. How to avoid the suspicion
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE02-0007-Suspicion.htm
Word
Explanation
Divide, make shares
Your fear
It changed, it becomes a
barrier
Disobedience, sins
It lead to us
It makes easy
Troubles, plural of
Give us as sustenance
Our sense of hearing
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Our sight
Our powers
You keep us live
Make
Word
Inheritor
Our revenge
He transgressed against us
Our worries
The reached limit
112
Explanation
Dont appoint as a
master
He fears
Giving
Arrogance,
transgression
He advises
He will respond
He will increase
You make, you do
Stand

Dear Reader!
In previous lesson, you have learnt the Present
and Future Tense with active voice. In this
lesson, you will learn the passive voice. Making
passive voice in

Do good deeds only for the sake of Allah. Do
not intend to show your deeds to others.
is similar to that in
If you are already familiar with the active voice, it is very easy to prepare the passive voice. Each word in
active voice will remain as it is. Just change the of that word. Place a dhamma over the first letter
. The will remain silent as it is in the active voice. Place a fathah over the
. will remain as it was in the active voice. It will become the Passive Voice which is called
in Arabic.
i.e.
Look at the table of present and future tense at next page.
Rule of the Day

If the word
is added before a
, it gives the sense of past
continuous tense. For example

means 'he eats or will eat' while
means 'He used to eat.'
Face the Challenge!

Identify 10 verbs from your vocabulary in which
someone is asked to do something.
Worth Reading
Secrets of success. http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE030015-Secrets.htm
113
Module AR03

He is done / He will be done
Both of them are done / Both
of them will be done (male)
They are done / They will be
done (male)
She is done / She will be done
Both of them are done / Both
of them will be done (female)
They are done / They will be

done (female)
You are done / You will be
done (male)
He does / He will do
Both of them do / Both of
them will do (male)
They do / They will do (male)
She does / She will do

Both of them do / Both of
them will do (female)
(female)
You do / You will do (male)
Person
Both of you are done / Both of

you will be done (male)
Both of you do / Both of you

will do (male)
You all are done / You all will

be done (male)
You all do / You all will do

(male)
You all do / You all will do

(female)
You are done / You will be

done (female)
Both of you are done / Both of
you will be done (female)
You all are done / You all will
be done (female)
I am done / I shall be done
We are done / We shall be
done
You do / You will do (female)

Both of you do / Both of you
will do (female)
I do / I shall do
We do
The passive voice of the verb does not make any sense but it is given just as the scale to make
the passive voice for other verbs.
Now make the tables of other words by using this page as an example. Replace the source letters.
114
Module AR03

)Test Yourself (1
Complete the table for both active and passive voice and determine the meanings.
Person
He helps / He will help
He is helped / He will be
helped
Module AR03
115
Person
He beats / He will beat
He is beaten / He will be
beaten
Module AR03
116
Person
He listens / He will listen
He listens / He will listen
Module AR03
117
Test Yourself (2)

Fill in the blanks by putting the meanings of words in red color. Frequently use the tables given in previous
pages. First word ( ) of in active voice are given in this table. Meaning of the
verb is also given. You have to adjust the verb, the pronoun and the voice accordingly.
English
To write
To find
To disbelieve, to reject
To take, to catch
To accept
To leave
To send, to raise up
To kill
To perform, to do
To beat, to describe, to
walk
To help
To ask
To know
To come
To know, to recognize
To count
English
To provide as sustenance
To call
To prostrate
To see
To reward
To say
To instruct / request /
advise
To fear
To return
To forgive
To be thankful
To worship
To see, to think, to wait,
to find out, to give chance
To remember, to describe
To make
To think, to suppose,
118
Module AR03
English
Do not consider those who _______ in Allahs way

as dead. Nay, they are alive and ________ in the
presence of their Lord.
He (Joseph) said, 'Food will not ________, which
_________ before that I will tell both of you the
interpretation (of your dream).
Who could be more unjust than the one who invents
falsehoods against Allah while he _______ towards
Islam?
And _______ every nation in its knees. Each nation
_______ towards its book (of records). On that day,
_______ for what ________.
Stars and trees ________.
They said, '________ about a boy ________ about
them, _________ Abraham.
Then ______, 'This is what you used to deny.'

________ their Lord Who is above them. And
________ what _________.
So do what ________.
Keep on going where ________.

So proclaim publicly what ________ and turn away
from pagans.
Worth Reading
Positive attitude affirms the
life.http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE03-0017Positive.htm
119
Module AR03
English
He said, 'O father! Do what _______. Soon ______

me in the steadfast people, if Allah wills.
(In case of a murder) so whoever ______ by his
brother, he should follow the common law.
Have ______ other than Allah, any god that

_______.
______________________________
Then, towards Him ___________.
All hidden (secrets) of the heavens and the earth are
for Allah, and towards Him, all matters are
________.
The kingdom is for Him and towards Him
________.
_______ towards the people so that _______.
The punishment on them will not be reduced and

_______.
He said, 'Soon ______ whether you have told the
truth or you are liar.'
Worth Reading
O God! Who is like you? An article for invoking Gods love.
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE01-0008LikeYou.htm
120
Module AR03
English
Say, '________ about our crimes and ________
about what ________.'
And _______ about the people of hell.
They think that a backbreaking calamity _______ to
them.
When _______ that Allahs verses _______.
Soon their testimonies ______ and _________.
So _______ soon for those who care (about
hereafter)
And intercession _______ and a compensation
_______ and they _______.
The criminals ______ by their faces, so ______ by
their foreheads and feet.
It (Zakat) ______ from their rich people and will be
returned to their poor people.
Does the man _____ that he _______ without any
purpose?
He (Satan) said, 'Give me a chance till the day when
_________.'
Then definitely ________ on the day of judgment.
Dont say that who ______ in Allahs way that they
are dead.
__________
121
Module AR03

Non-Muslims are the potential audience for the
message of Islam. Dont treat them badly.
!Dear Reader
here.

.

.

.

.

Word
Explanation
To spread, to broadcast
Merciful, Kind
He purifies [his
]personality
He purifies
He should not withhold
Abundance of wealth,
ease
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
To give
They should forgive
They should overlook
They accuse, they
make target
Chaste women
Careless women
122
Word
Explanation
They are cursed
Tongues, plural of

He causes to die
Malicious, corrupt men

Pure, clean
Free
.

.

.
?Do you know
In Pre-Islamic Arabia, slavery was present in its worst form. The most heinous form of slavery was sexslavery. Beautiful young girls were trained as prostitutes to earn money for their masters.
Word
Explanation
You get permission
Module AR03
You say greetings

You do not find
He is permitted
The most purified
Residential
Word
Explanation
You conceal, you hide
They lower
They protect
They do not show
Their beauty
Their husbands
You reveal, you

disclose
123
Word
Explanation
Having sexual desire
Hidden parts of body
They should not strike
They hide
Their feet, plural of

What their right hands
control i.e. slaves

.

!Face the Challenge
Identify 10 Arabic words from your vocabulary in
which someone is asked to not do something.
Word
Explanation
Arrange marriage
Singles
Word
Your slave women
Poor people, plural

of
He should keep
himself chaste

Module AR03
They want
Legal document
Write the deed of
liberty
Dont force
Explanation
Your girls (especially
)slave girls
Prostitution
They intend, they
decide
Preserving chastity
Gains, money
He forces them
Forcing
Niche
Word
Explanation
Crystal
Star
Brilliance, glistening
It is lit
Olive
Its oil
It illuminates
It touches
Lamp, light
124

(24:19-40 ).
Rule of the Day
is added before a , it gives the

sense of expressing a wish. For example means 'he
understood' while
means 'I wish he would have

If the word
understood.'
Do you know?
The Quran took serious steps to eradicate slavery from the Islamic
society gradually. These verses describe some of these steps i.e.
marrying slave-men & women and giving freedom to a slave for a
payment in easy installments if he / she wants to buy freedom and then
helping them in financial terms. For more details, see my book:
Abolition of Physical & Intellectual Slavery in Islam.
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/ER/Slavery/L0018-00-Slavery.htm
Explanation
Word
Bottomless, very deep

It dominates
Sea wave, billow
Clouds
He does not see
Explanation
Accounting, measurement
Mirage, illusion
Desert
Thirsty
He gives in full measure /
causes to die
125
Word
Explanation
Word
At morning
At evening
It diverts them
It will be overturned
So that He rewards
them
Module AR03

.

.
.
Word
Explanation

Module AR03
Chambers
You advance
You raise
It spoils
They lower
He tested
Word
Explanation
They call
Beyond
Morally corrupt
News
O you all! Investigate
You cause harm
126
Word
Explanation
You become
Ashamed
You will
He endeared it
He beautified it
He made it hateful /
abhorrent
.

.

) . (49:1-13

Word
Explanation
Two groups
They Fight
(O you all!) Make
reconciliation
She / they transgressed
Module AR03
Other
!Fight
They transgress
They return
Word
Explanation
!Be just
Just people
Dont make a fun
)(with disdain
It is possible that
Dont defame (by
)sarcastic remarks
Dont call
(Offensive) nicknames
He does not repent
127
Word
Explanation
!Avoid
Suspicion
Sin
Dont spy on
Dont backbite
You hate it
Nations
So that you get
introduced
.

.

.

.
Word
Explanation
Module AR03
Iron, steel
It became long
Period of time
It became hard
We clarified
Charitable men
Word
Explanation
!Give loan
It will be increased
multiple times
The Hell
Play, leisure
Amusement
Boasting, show off
Vegetation, crops
128
Word
Explanation
It makes happy
It becomes
Yellowish
Broken pieces
Delusion, illusion
!Run
It is prepared

.

.

) . (57:16-27

Word
Explanation
We bring it into
existence
Easy
You become
disappointed
It lacks
Dont be happy
Self-proud
So that not,
Boaster
Word
Explanation
He pays no attention
Clear signs
Balance, the criteria for
right & wrong
Strength
Hard
Powerful
Progeny, children
One who selects the right
path
They become stingy
Module AR03
Word
129
Explanation
We sent continuously
Their footsteps
Compassion, love
Monasticism
They invented (from their
)own
We made it mandatory
Pleasure
They took care of it
Its requirements to observe
) .

(59:6-10
Word
Explanation
Gathering (on the

)Judgment day
He gave
You expedited
Horses, cavalry
Animals used for
transportation e.g. camel
He appoints as a master
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Township
Revolving
Punishment
They made
Home
He migrated
130
Word
Explanation
They sacrifice
Poverty
His is protected
Greediness
They advanced us
Malice
Word
Explanation
Divorce
You divorce them
Waiting period after
divorce

Module AR03
!Count
He crossed limits
You dont know
Word
Explanation
He brings new situation
Keep
Word
Leave
It is advised
He imagines
Those who, plural of
131
Explanation
They lost hope
You doubt
They menstruate
Pregnancy
He will make void, He will
remove
He will enlarge

.

.

.

.

Word
Explanation
Dwell! Provide
!residence
Your finding, your
availability
Your harm
To creative difficulties
)They deliver (a child
)They suckle (the baby
Their remuneration
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
You are in difficulty
She suckles the baby
Rich, the person

financially relax
Word
Problem
Ease
She / they rebelled
We reckoned
Explanation
We punished it
Exemplary
She / they tasted

Curse
Result
Loss
He encircles
!Settle! Decide
132
and the Source Noun
Lesson 7A: The Groups of
Dear Reader!
In previous lesson, you have observed that in both
, may have a fathah, kasrah or
dhammah. Other than that,
of all letters are
fixed. Logically, there are nine possibilities of words

carrying these . The detail is as follows:

Take care of those who work hard but not
able to earn enough money to satisfy
their basic needs. Do not waste your
charity on professional beggars.
Comments
Symbol
Example
Commonly used in Arabic
( )
()
( )
( )
()
Not used in Arabic
No symbol
No example
Not used in Arabic
No symbol
No example
Not used in Arabic
No symbol
No example
( )
Rarely used in Arabic
S. No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
There is no rule about any particular set of source letters that it belongs to which specific group. As we have
discussed that Arabic dictionaries are prepared by source letters. Against each set of source letters, it is
mentioned that such set belongs to which group. The examples mentioned in the table are considered the
representative of each group. The grammarians have named each group with these examples. Their symbols
are determined which are written in the dictionary. For example, the name of Group 3 is
symbol is .
It is possible that a set of the same three letters with different
example

and its
may give different meanings. For
means to think whereas

means to count.

Each set of source letters is joined with a few other words to form a special noun called 'the Source
Noun' or . It is the name of that verb. It meaning is like that of English phrases 'to count', 'to do',
'to work' etc. All verbs and derived nouns are derived from the Source Noun. It has no fixed structure.
It comes on different weights e.g.

.
133
Module AR03
and the Source Noun
Test Yourself (1)

The is given with its meanings and the symbol of its group is mentioned against it. The source
letters are also mentioned in black color whereas additional letters are mentioned in red color. Derive
the first words of from the .
Meaning
To provide as
sustenance
To prostrate
To say
To instruct /
request / advise
To return
To be thankful
To worship
To see, to think,
to wait
To know
To observe
To be ill
To dominate
To sit
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )

( )
( )
( )

( )
( )

( )
( )

Rule of the Day!

Sometimes, the word is comes after a direction of space or time and before a verb. It converts that
verb into its . For example,

This is called .
( after its arrival), ( after being offended) etc.
134
Module AR03
and the Source Noun

Meaning
To write
To do
( )
( )
To disbelieve,
to reject
( )
To take, to
catch
( )
To accept
( )
To leave
( )

To send, to
raise up
( )
To kill
( )

To perform, to
do
To beat
To help
To be respected
To think
To be happy
To be away
To be near
( )
( )

( )

( )
( )

( )

( )
( )
is added before a , it gives the sense of soon. For example

means 'he understands / will understand' while
means 'Soon he will understand.'
Rule of the Day! If the word
135
Module AR03

Dear Reader!
In this lesson, well introduce you with the language of Hadith
Commentary ( ) in which the language used in
grammar is also covered. Take a separate blank page and write
the translation of the Arabic text provided here.

Developing good relations with
Non-Muslims helps in promoting
the message of Islam.
':

.

'.

' :'
'.

' :

' :' .
:

' . ' :
.
.

': .
' . ' : ' .'
'. .

' :
(' ) .
Do you know?
Islamic texts like the Quran & the Hadith are analyzed from different angles: (1) Meaning of individual
words. (2) Grammatical issues. (3) Issues related to rhetoric. In Arabic, it is very important to consider
the rhetorical aspect of a statement because many words and phrases are metaphorical and figurative
meaning. (4) Background information & the context for that statement. (5) The message described in the
text.
Explanation
Word
Eater
Sleep!
He slept
Explanation
A woman wearing
unattractive cloths
Word
He made
Eat!
136
Explanation
Word
Give!
He made brothers
He visited
Module AR03
:
.
.
. :

. :

.
. :
. : .
. .
.

' .

) (1 : '

'
'.
.(12:31
:
) .

) . .(2:74
:
Word
Explanation
Explanation
Single words
He wore
Work costume
Profession
Wearing attractive
dress / jewelry etc.
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Acceptance, approval
It indicates, it is an
argument
Correctness
He does not accept
Clarifications,
explanations
Word
Explanation
Sisters, belonging to the
same group
form It changes to
form It changes to
It comes with, it meets
For example
Grammatical
137
' '
.' '' ':( 2)

.

'
'
. '' :...( 3)
.

)( :
.
.

)(

( 4)

' '
.
' ':
( 73:12 ' ) . ' :

(88:25-26 : ).

:
.' '' '

:

:
( 5)

)( .
)(

.
)( .

Do you know?
Face the Challenge!
In Arabic, rhetoric is used to beautify the language.

Metaphors and figurative meanings are widely used. We
shall discuss its concepts is more detail at Level 5.
Identify three words / phrases in this lesson

that are used in figurative meanings instead
of their literal meanings.
Explanation
Proper Noun
Their place of return
Related to reason
Examples, plural of
Wood used for burning
Dispraised, bad
Word
Explanation
Word
He died
Common noun
Like a sentence
It becomes mandatory
Putting between
Heavy shackles
138
Explanation
A word hidden but
understood
Omitted in words but
present in meaning
Complete,
means 'be, happened'
It happened
The word having
A noun which does a
task
Word
Module AR03

'

'.

.

.

)(1

) (2

Word
Explanation
Sides
Rhetoric
Metonymy
Statement
Turning away,
departure
Taking care of
Its benefit is got, its
meanings are derived
Module AR03
A clear statement
Word
Explanation
Moderation
He gathers
Demands
He forgets
Share
He does good
He did good
Word
Explanation
Body
It demands
Spirit, soul
Extremism, strictness
He transgresses
Forbidding, deprivation
Allowed
He does not fast, he eats

& drinks
139

' :

' . ' :
' :
'

' :
'

) '. (

.

.
.
. :
Word
Explanation
You intervene
Punishment
Most concerned issue
for them
The woman belonging
to Banu Makhzum
She theft
Who can get courage
Module AR03
Word
Word
Explanation
He delivered the sermon
It destroyed
Honorable
By God
I cut
It worried
140
Explanation
It caused grief
Relationship
Being courageous
He stepped forward
Taking a pause
Brave, courageous

. :
.
.

.

. :

. :
.
: .
.

:

Word
Explanation
Taking courage
He got courage
Here it is meant
Solemnity
Putting arguments

Module AR03
Rank, position
He dares
Beloved
Word
Explanation
Plural, abbreviation of
Word
He intervened
To cooperate
Intervener
Intervener
The person for whom
someone is intervening
Explanation
Manager
Edge, border
Terminology
Punishment
Determined
Criminal
Intervention
!Intervene
141

.
.
:
.

.
. :
. :

: .
.

.

: ' '
) (1
. '
' '

) '. (9:62

' :

' :

) '. (21:108
Word
Explanation
Honor
Noble descent
High
Mean, inferior
Opposite
He implemented
Ruin, destruction
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Ruin, destruction
Swearing
The silent 'hamzah' at
start of a word
Refraining
It refrains
Specification,
determination
Confirmation
142
Word
Explanation
Rule
Written
Negation
Except
Verb Sentence: The

sentence starting from a
verb instead of noun. It is
opposite to
.
It is revealed
) (2 :
' :
'

) (3
: ''

...
'
'.
. ' :

) .(
' :' ) :(
) .(

. '' ' : '. ' '

' :

'.

.

''

'...

' :

) '.:
: ' :

'') .(
) .(
(137

.

) .(

Word
Explanation
Interpreted
Explanation
Be, being
Forbidding, restricting
Condition
You exert effort
You became successful
You become successful
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Then
It gives benefit, it can be
derived from it
Word
Period
Reason
Part of a conditional
sentence: if , then .
Positive, affirmative
Joining, meeting
It is deleted, it is omitted
143
Explanation
It is given
Two full of
Gold
Negative
Examination
I traveled
Estimation, marks
Arriving
' :

'

'

' :

.
( 1)

( 2)

.

( 3)
.

Rule of the Day

The word is used to limit something within the
parameters defined after it.
Face the Challenge!
The word is used to describe a hypothetical condition.
Part of the sentence after it is called ( condition) while
Name the two parts of a

and those of a .
the other part is called

( reply of the condition).
Explanation
It is dropped, it is eliminated
Relationship
It is reduced
For personal desire
Word
Explanation
Word
Desire, wish
Emphasis
Principle
Equality
144
Explanation
Asking questions in a
negative way to
motivate e.g. 'Will you
not do this?'
Condemnation
He condemns
Word
Module AR03
' :

(2) .

(1) :
(3) .
(4)

(5) .

(6) .

) '. (

(7)

. : . :
.

:

. :

...' : '.

Word
Explanation
A young man
He was grown up
Word
Explanation
She called
He kept secret
Both of them love each

other
It flew over
Both of them left each

other
He got shade of
Module AR03
145
Word
Explanation
Attachment
Honor
To obtain
Distinction
.

.
:

. :

.

:
)
(.

.
.
.
:

. :

.
.

.

. :
. :
:

. . :
Word
Explanation
He is appointed
Giving
Man
The person who has
attributes of
Module AR03
Child
Word
Explanation
He grew up
He grew up
Age of adulthood
Manhood
Phase, stage
It hanged
146
Word
Explanation
Hook
Highness
Loftiness
Rank
Ministry
Judiciary
.
.
.
:

. .
(7:17 )

:

.
.' '

:
( 19:15 ' ).

' :

.

Do you know?
In , either the
or the can
be a sentence instead of a
word.
Explanation
Word
The noun in
which is attached to other
It is attached
Worth Reading
Islamic Threat Myth or Reality. An introduction to the book of
John L. Esposito. A detailed analysis about the world Islamic
movements by an American professor who studies Islam and
Muslim Movements in an unbiased manner. The writing is in Urdu.
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/ER/L0012-00-Islamic Threat.htm
Explanation
I will definitely come
Word
Tears, plural
147
Explanation
He hided
He kept secret
Word
Module AR03
) (1 ' : ' .

:

.

.
) :(
) .(
.

:
.
' : .

.

' '.

.
) (2 ' :

'

) (3 ' : '
Word
Explanation
Limiting something, a
palace
Word
Word
Explanation
Teaching, education
Limiting something,
Imprisonment
Class
It became specific to
Superiority, high
performance
Superior, intelligent,
high-performer
Being limited to
Module AR03
148
Explanation
We note
Metonymy, metaphorical
meaning
Attendance
Exaggeration

) (4 ' :

'

) (1

) (2
) (3

) (4

.

.

) (5
Word
Explanation
Figurative meaning,
metaphor
Module AR03
Logical
It is linked
Overflowing
Word
Explanation
Tears
Urging
He is appointed as ruler
He is privileged
Old age
149
Word
Explanation
Those who do a lot
Hesitation, staying long
He becomes fortified
Tendencies, appetites, plural
of
Obsessions, plural of

( 6)

( 7)

'
: ' .
.
') '
(
Rule of the Day
is added before a , it makes its

meaning negative with emphasis. For example
means 'he
understands / will understand' while means 'He will
If the word
definitely not understand.'
Worth Reading
Wealth is a great blessing of God but it also creates some
problems. Read more:
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE02-0008-Wealth.htm
Explanation
They fall down
Prostration
Weeping
Word
Explanation
Reason, argument
One who is near to

Confirmation
He became scared
Word
150
Explanation
Doing something from
personal inspiration
Far, away
Ostentation
Hypocrisy, double
standards
Word
Module AR03

Dear Reader!
In previous lessons, you have learnt the Past,
Present and Future Tense with active and
passive voices. Before proceeding to other
two verbs i.e. , we will discuss some
special forms of

Arrogance is the attitude of people that they
think others inferior to them and when a truth is
presented to them, they reject it. It is a great
crime in the court of Allah.
All the words of past tense never change. Their form is fixed and under normal circumstances,
there is no change in their form. In this lesson, we are going to discuss the following special forms
of the past tense.
Negative Past Tense
Interrogative Past Tense

Conditional Past Tense
Past Tense with a wish
Distant Past Tense
Near Past Tense
Past Continuous Tense
Doubtful Past Tense
Worth Reading
How creativity can be improved? Think
outside the box. Read more:
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/
PE03-0013-Pineye.htm
Negative Past Tense

It is simple to produce negative meaning in the past tense. Usually ''
is added before any

word in Past to make its meaning negative. For example ( He did not do),
( All of
you did not help),

( She was not killed),
( I did not know), ( they were not
listened) etc.
Interrogative Past Tense
is added before any word in Past to make its meaning interrogative. For example

( Did you make the providing water to the pilgrims equivalent to faith?),
( Did
( Have they created the heavens and the earth?) etc.
you help?),

It is also simple to interrogative negative meaning in the past tense. An interrogation word e.g.
151
Module AR03

Conditional Past Tense
To make the past tense conditional, usually ''
is added before any word in Past to make its

meaning conditional. It is equivalent to the English word 'if'. For example ( If he did),
(If
all
of
you
helped)
,
(If
I
knew)
,
(If
they
were
listened)
etc. Sometimes,

' ' is also used.

Like English, there is a piece of sentence after a conditional phrase which is used to describe the
situation, if the condition was fulfilled. It is called ( the answer of condition) in Arabic.
In English, usually it comes after the word 'then'. It Arabic, a specific word before the
is not available.
Past Tense with a Wish
To make the past tense conditional, usually '

' is added before any word in Past to
make the sense of a wish. Usually this wish is with the emotions of grief. It is essential to bring a
noun or pronoun after
and before the verb. In the Quran, usually it comes as .
For example
( Ah! I wish that I knew), ( Ah! I

( Ah! I wish he did),
wish they were listened) etc.
Near Past Tense
To make the past tense in a near past, the ' 'is added before any word in Past to make its
meaning in near past. It is equivalent to the 'Present Perfect Tense' of English.
For example
( He has done),
( I have known),
( All of you have helped),
( They have been listened) etc.

Rule of the Day
is added before a
, it makes its converts it into
with negative meaning and adds
the sense of not yet. For example

If the word
Face the Challenge!

Take any five verbs of past tense. Apply the
rules mentioned in this lesson for eight
changes to their meaning.
means 'he understands / will understand'

while means 'He has not yet
understood.'
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Module AR03

Distant Past Tense
To make the sense of distant past tense, a word is used which in Arabic, which is equivalent to the
English words 'was' and 'be'. This word is different for all pronouns. Look at the following table.

He is
You were (male)
Both of you were (male)
Both of you were (female)
You all were (female)
Both of them were (male)
They are (male)
They were (male)
Both of them are

(female)
They are (female)
You are (male)
Both of you are (male)
You all are (male)
You are (female)
Both of you are
(female)
You all are (female)
She was
Both of them were
(female)
They were (female)
You all were (male)

You were (female)
I am
I was
We are
We were
Person
He was
Both of them are

(male)
She is
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Distant Past Tense
To make the distant past tense, the relevant person of the past tense of will be used along with the
. For example
( He helped a long time ago),
( Both of them helped a long time ago),

( You female helped a long time ago), ( We helped a long time ago).
The important thing is that the pronouns of the verb as well as should be correspondent to each other.
Past Continuous Tense
To make the past continuous tense, the relevant person of the past tense of will be used along with the
relevant person of the
sense of past.
. Although the word used will be from the but it will give the
( Both of them used to help / both of

( He used to help / he was helping),

(You
female
used
to
help
/
You were helping),
them were helping),
( We used to help

For example
/ We were helping).
The important thing is that the pronouns of the verb as well as
should be correspondent to each other.
Sometimes, it also gives sense of continuing the verb in present which is determined by the context.
Doubtful Past Tense

If the person who is speaking is not sure about what he / she is saying, he has to make a sense of doubt in the
past tense. The relevant person of the present tense of ( i.e.
) will be used along with the relevant
person of the
For example
(He may have helped),
(Both of them helped),
female may have helped),

( We may have helped).
(You
The important thing is that the pronouns of the verb as well as should be correspondent to each other.
Face the Challenge!
Worth Reading
How to overcome obstacles on your way to
success? Read more:
If you want to mention that something

happened in near past, how will you express.
What will you do to express something
happened in distant past?
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/P
E03-0010-Block.htm
154
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Test Yourself
previous pages. First word ( ) of in active voice are given in this table.
Meaning of the verb is also given which were not provided before. You have to adjust the verb, the
pronoun and the voice accordingly.
English
To joke
To play
To call
To observe, to be witness
To drink
To wish, to want, to desire
To leave
To come out
To add, to increase
To guide
To come, to arrive
To deviate, to leave astray
To impose, to make
mandatory
To win, to be successful
To return
English
To intend, to decide to do
something
To vow
To construct, to make, to
manufacture
To raise
To hope, to expect
To order, to request
To think
To eat
To believe
To perform, to do
To touch, to approach
To act immorally and
sinfully
To prevent
To read, to recite
To promise
To come, to arrive
155
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English
That is because of ________ Allahs verses.

Whoever ______ the reward for this world, so the
reward of here and hereafter is with Allah.
And ______ for what our ancestors ______.

We leveled to ground what Pharaoh and his nation
_______ and what they _______.
So whoever ________ meeting his Lord, he should
perform good deeds.
He ______ his family about the prayer and the
mandatory charity.
Whoever _______.
________________ food.
And _____, _________ in Allah and His prophet.
Satan made attractive for them what _______.
The punishment _______ because ________.
We delivered him from the town whose (inhabitants)
________ heinous acts.
And ______ what _______ other than Allah.
156
Module AR03
English
If _______ in Allah and the last day.
This is from the secret news We have revealed it to
you that _________.
You did not _________ that the Book would be
revealed to you.
You did not _______ a book before.
So taste the eternal punishment for what ________.
This is the hell about that _________.
__________ from the right hand.
We did not __________ evil.
Surely ______________.
They said, 'O our Lord! These are our partners whom
_________ instead of You.'
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
157
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English
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
________, we had not adopted the polytheism.
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
Module AR03
_________
158
English
________ at their back weak children, they will be

fearful about them.
_________, We would punish them for their sins.
O Lord! _______, You had killed them before.
_______ with you, they had not _______ except
madness (discouragement).
They said, '___ Allah ______, we would have

guided you.
_____ four witnesses on it ______.
_______ his prayer.
So _______ with unjust and false attitude.

So whoever disobey Allah and His prophet, so
_______ on a clearly deviated path.
_______ what _______ on them about their
spouses.
_______ a great success.
The disbeliever will say, '_______ to be dust.'
_______ that ______ and we will not deny the signs
of our Lord and ______ among the believers.
She said, '_____ I would had died before it and
_____ totally forgotten.
Worth Reading
The Sermon of Mount delivered by the Prophet Jesus .
Its contents are applicable today. Read more:
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE03-0009-Mount.htm
159
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Dear Reader!

Sectarianism is an attitude to give preference
to the leaders of ones sect as compared to
Allahs Prophet. It is a great crime. Avoid it.
In this lesson, we are continue our study of the

biography of two wives of the Holy Prophet
. We are omitting the of words

whose are already provided to you.

'
'

Explanation
They agitated
They poured
Hard punishment to
give lesson to others
It was shaken
Hard rock
They did not fear
They did not hesitate
The front of an army
or caravan
Word
Explanation
They moved to
Company
Those who led in
converting to Islam
Group
She was given the .
Name wrt father or son
Word
It dominated
It spread
They ran a campaign
160
Explanation
Widow
You know
Chiefs, plural of
Generous, plural of
Counted, numbered, a
few
They provided
Distinguished
Provisions
Word

Module AR03
..

Word
Explanation
Alien
She left
Luxurious, elegant
High
Firmly established
Only for sake of Allah
Permanent
Side
Pleasure
Despite the fact that
Module AR03
She met
Word
Explanation
Support, protection
Najashi, the king of
Abyssinia
He made it shine
Desire
He inclined
Heart
Wonderful
It followed
It became strong
Their strength
It incites
161
Word
Explanation
People returning to their
home
Soon
It was reported
Exaggeration
Jump
They faced
Attack
They persecuted
Torture
Terrorizing
They forced them to taste
.

....

. :

' :

'

' :

. '.
.

Word
Explanation
Escape
Both of them got rid
of
Easy and achievable
They had impression
Module AR03
Hard and bitter

Tragedy
It was horrible
More fine, deep
Word
Explanation
Reported in a better way
Camel
My lap
He led
He does not wait
We depart
They stopped
You dominated us
162
Word
Explanation
What is the matter of
Why
They jumped
They pulled out me
They started
They pulled
In front of
They took of

...
...

.
...

' : !!'
:

.
!!!

.

Word
Explanation

Module AR03
Moments
Ragged, torn
Unity
Unique
They snatched
Broken
Shattered
They seized
Word
Explanation
I recalled
That is hindered
I weep
It encamp
It tore
You release
Poor woman
It becomes soft
Early morning
It evokes
Open valley
Sympathy
163
Word
Explanation
!Join
Piece
Pain
They calm down
They stop
Tears
They treated / helped
My grieves, plural of

My anxieties, plural of
They became sympathetic

2
1

'
' :
''

' ' :
'.' :
'.
' :

...
' :

'.

...

:

.

.

:
) (1 : (2) . :

Word
Explanation
Miles, plural of

Module AR03
Doorkeeper
He accompanied
He returned
My son
You reach
Reigns of a camel
He ran
He traveled
Word
Explanation
I was not accompanied
by
Never
He makes a camel knee
down
He moves away
I became stable
He approached
He put down
Word
Explanation
He tied
He withdrew
He fall asleep
It came
Departure
He led, he drove
He returned
Saddle on the back of a

camel
He pulled
164

...
.

:
:

'

:

'....

:

.
Word
Explanation
Scattered, separated
Separation
It comforted
He became
successful
It started
Events
It passes
Quickly
Twinkling of eyes
Module AR03
They obtained
victory
Explanation
Word
Powerful
He moved into
Hardship, distress
He proved himself
brave
He became wounded
Hard
It healed
Internally it was
spoiled
It opened
He was bound
165
Word
Explanation
He says: 'We are for
Allah & weve to
return to Him
I have counted
Bring after it to me
Bed
So that he visit him
during illness
He did not remain
He passed
He left
He closed
. .
'

'.

.

:
'
' :

'...

!

'
....

.
' '
..

...
! :
' :

'.

.
.

' :
.

'.
Word
Explanation
His back
Passed, gone
!Widen
She did not make herself

pleasant
Word
!Enlighten
She ask
Troubles, plural of
Explanation
Its inhabitants, plural of
Young boys
Not having hair of beard
Hair
Mourning
He proposed
Module AR03
Word
She refused
166
Explanation
She responds
He moved forward
In me
Problems, plural
Solicitude, jealousy
about the spouse
He becomes angry
He punishes me
Family, children

.

.
.
.
.

.

Word
Explanation
She did not remain

She preferred
She disliked / hate

He is thrown
It come to his mind
He opposes
Very important matter

Module AR03
Leader, one who is

followed
Word
Explanation
Leader
It is owned
Government
of A woman having
She made it false
He tried
Power, authority
Harshness, punishment
167
Word
Explanation
It became deep-rooted
It is plucked out
Windstorm, plural of
It shakes
Worry, anxiety
Subjugating
Wish, will
Hindering, prevention
' :

'.

...

.

Word
Explanation
Annoyed, dissatisfied
They dared
They narrowed
Neck
They made both of them
tired
Tiring, fatigue
Both of them became
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Those who escape
Support, warmness
He made it difficult
He escaped
Comfort
They incite
It became bad
168
Word
Explanation
Leaders, plural of
It became wet
Niche, source of light
Despite of that
Bishops, plural of

They refused
They continued

... ...

.

...
...

...
...

...

!Face the Challenge
?How can you make a sentence related to past tense doubtful
Word
Explanation
Hardship, unpleasant
Hard, difficulty
Pains, plural of
It resulted in
Peace, security
It was hidden from her
Quantities, plural of

Word
Hard
It became useless
Wisdoms, plural of
Module AR03
Explanation
Thinking, dreaming
It fails
Understandings, plural
of
Test
She was sitting

Top
Success
She stayed
Her bed
He stumbled, he
walked unsteadily
169
Word
Explanation
Deep, bottomless
Its darkness
The worst
She awaked suddenly
Terrified
Confused
It became true
It did not pass
Ill fortuned
He converted to
Christianity
...

...
...

.

.

...

...
' '

Word
Explanation
He insisted
Word
Converting to
Christianity
She return to
Disgrace
It is combed
Combs, plural of

Fort
She live
Subdued, subjugated
Module AR03
Homeless
Explanation
Helper
Silver light
She determined
Open faced
Remaining
It did not prolong
Word
Explanation
Relief
Success
It flapped
Wings
It was knocked
She came
Servant
She greeted warmly
Happiness, joy
She got permission
Made of emerald
Sad
170

...
'
...
:
'.

'

'...
...

...
...

...

. ' :

.
Word
Explanation
He greets you
He appointed an agent
!You appoint an agent
You want
She expressed extreme
joy
She shouted with joy
Give good news to you

Module AR03
She removed
Jewelery
She extracted
Bracelets
Word
Explanation
She added to
Anklet
Ear rings
Rings, plural of

Treasures, plural of
Living
Hilltop
Dominated
Gardens, plural of
Flourishing
Lounges, plural of
171
Word
Explanation
Wide
Decorated
Sculptures, inscribing
Brilliant
Lighted
Lamps, plural of

Made of copper
Pure
Decorated
Expensive furniture
Marriage, knot
' :

.

:

...
'...

.

' :
. :
.

. '...

!

. ' :

.

'.
Rule of the Day
, it adds is added before a

the sense of so that __ should. For example

If the word
!Face the Challenge
, what is the
is added to a If
?impact on its meaning
means 'So that he should understand'.
Word
Explanation
It completed
He delivered
Most Holy
Who gives peace
Enormously Powerful
Module AR03
I arrange marriage
Word
Explanation
I decide gift of
marriage for bride
Representation
He poured out
I seek help
So that He dominates
I accept
172
Word
Explanation
I declare marriage
My client
Congratulations
They thought
Returning back
They returned

:
'
'

' :

' :

.

'.

'. ' :
' :

' ' :

'. .

.
'
. '

.
:

(
)
Worth Reading
?What is the relationship between the revelation and the intellect
Read more: http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE03-0007Revelation.htm
Word
Explanation
An ancient measure
of weight
Module AR03
She returned
Jar, pot
He decided
Medicine
Word
Explanation
Next day, tomorrow
!Read
!Inform
Dont forget

173
Word
Explanation
She prepared my luggage
I was carried
Proposal for marriage
He became happy
Different types of herbs used in folk

medicine

Dear Reader!
In previous lessons, you have learnt the special
forms of the Past Tense. In this lesson, you will
learn certain special forms of Present and Future
Tense.

Jealousy burns the personality of a person. A
jealous person harms himself.
As we discussed in the last lesson that all the words of past tense never change. On the contrary,
Present & Future Tense changes its form when it is used with a few specific words. In this lesson, we
are going to discuss the following special forms of the Present & Future tense.
Negative Present & Future Tense

Conditional Present & Future Tense
Interrogative Present & Future Tense
Rule of the Day

If the word
is added before a
, it makes the sentence doubtful. For

example
means 'he ate' while
Present & Future Tense with some specific words

Present & Future Tense with Emphasis
means 'He may have eaten'.
Interrogative Present / Future Tense

It is also simple to make interrogative negative meanings in the . An interrogation word e.g.
is added before any word in to make its meaning interrogative. For example ( Do
you say),
( Do you ask them?), ( Do you intend to ask your
prophet?) etc.
Negative Present / Future Tense

It is simple to produce negative meaning in the past tense. Usually ''
is added before any word

in to make its meaning negative. For example
( He does not do / He will not do),

( All of you do not help / All of you will not help),
( You female - is not killed / You
female will not be killed), ( I do not know / I shall not know),

( They are not listened
/ they will not be listened) etc. Occasionally, ' 'is also used to make a negative sense in present
or future tense. These two words only change the meanings of . There is no impact on the form
of words.
There are two special words i.e.
which make the negative with emphasis and also change

its form. changes the meaning of in negative in an assertive way and specifies it to a future
period only. On the contrary, changes the meaning of in negative in an assertive way, but
specifies its meaning to past. They also change the form of . See the table on the next page.
174
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Person
He has not done

at all.
He shall surely
not do.
He does / He
will do
Both of them
have not done at
all.
Both of them
shall surely not
do. (male
Both of them
do / Both of
them will do
They have not

done at all.
She has not done
at all.
Both of them
have not done at
all.
They shall surely

not do. (male
They do /
They will do
She shall surely

not do.
She does /
She will do
Both of them
shall surely not
do. (female)
Both of them
do / Both of
them will do
They have not

done at all
They shall surely

not do. (female)
They do /
They will do
You have not

done at all.
You shall surely

not do.
You do / You
will do
Both of you have

not done at all.
Both of you shall

surely not do.
Both of you
do / Both of
you will do
You all have not

done at all.
You all shall

surely not do.
You all do /
You all will
do
You have not

done at all.
You shall surely

not do.
You do / You
will do
Both of you shall

surely not do.
Both of you
do / Both of
you will do
You shall surely

not do.
You all do /
They all will
do
I have not done

at all.
I will surely not

do.
I do / I shall
do
We have not
done at all.
We will surely
not do.
We do / We
shall do
Both of you have

not done at all.
You have not
done at all.
175
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Have you observed that:
As a result of and , the noon ( )at end of all words of is deleted except the two words of
. These two words never change. Their is called ( the female noon).
All other at end of words are deleted.
has changed the dhamma at end of the words to fathah.
has changed the dhamma at end of the words to silence.
Conditional Present / Future Tense
conditional, usually ' ' is added before any word in to make its meaning
conditional. It is equivalent to the English word 'if'. For example
( If all of
( If he will do),

you will help),
( If you female will be helped),
( If I shall know), ( If they will
To make the
be listened) etc.
Like English, there is a piece of sentence after a conditional phrase which is used to describe the situation, if
the condition was fulfilled. It is called ( the answer of condition) in Arabic. In English, usually it
comes after the word 'then'. It Arabic, a specific word before the
is not available.
The impact of on the words is similar to . It will delete the at the end of all words except the
two female words. It will make the last letter of silent.
Face the Challenge!

How do you make a
conditional?
What is the difference in case of a ?
Worth Reading
What is the significance of Character in building a nation? Read
more: http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE03-0001Character.htm
176
Module AR03

Impact of Some Special Words on the Present / Future Tense
Some specific words ( )also change the form and meaning of . You have already learnt these
words in the lesson of . Here we will discuss their impact on .Their detail is as follows:
. It will delete the at the end of all words

except the two female words. It will make the last letter of silent. It also changes the
meaning of to the Past Tense and makes it like 'not yet'. For example
( He has not yet done),

( You female are not yet helped),
( All of you have not yet helped),
( I have
not yet known),
( They have not yet listened) etc. If the word comes before the Past Tense, it
means 'when', and it has not impact on the form or meaning of the Past Tense e.g.
( when he ate),

( when they helped) etc.
The impact of word ( pronounce it 'un', it is not ' in') on the words is similar to
. It will delete
the at the end of all words except the two female words. It will give fathah the last letter of
. It also changes the meaning of . It adds the words 'that one should' before the verb. For
example
( that all of you help),
( that you female to be helped),
( that he does),
( that I know), ( that they will be listened) etc.

The impact of word
on the words is similar to
except the two female words. It will give fathah the last letter of . It also changes the
meaning of . It adds the words 'so that one should' before the verb. For example
( so that he
should do),
( so that all of you should help),
( so that you female should be helped),
( so that I should know), ( so that they should be listened) etc.

Sometimes, word is also used instead of . It has the same impact on the form and meaning of .
For example
( so that all of you should help),
( so that you
( so that he should do),
female should be helped),

( so that I should know), ( so that they should be listened) etc.
Sometimes, the word is used with and . It become or simply . It will delete the at the
end of all words except the two female words. It will give fathah the last letter of . It
also changes the meaning of . It adds the words 'so that one should not' with the verb. For example

( so that all of you should not help),
( so that you
( so that he should not do),
female should not be helped),

( so that I should not know), ( so that they should not be
The impact of word
on the
words is similar to
listened) etc.
177
Module AR03
on the words is similar to

except the two female words. It will give fathah the last letter of . It also changes the
meaning of . It adds the words 'till the time when' before the verb. For example
( till the
time when he will do),
( till the time when all of you will help),
( till the time when
you female will be helped),
( till the time when I shall know), ( till the time when
The impact of word
they will be listened) etc.

The impact of word
| ( Idhan) on the words is similar to

. It will delete the at the end of
all words except the two female words. It will give fathah the last letter of . It also
changes the meaning of . It adds the words 'then' before the verb. For example
( then he will
do),
( then all of you will help),
( then you female will be helped),
( then I
shall know),
( then they will be listened) etc. Usually there is a sentence before | .
Sometimes, word
is added before . It has no impact on the form but it changes the meaning of
. It specifies the to the future. For example
( soon he will do),
( soon all of you
will help),
( soon you female will be helped ),

( soon I shall know), ( soon they
will be listened) etc.
Sometimes, word
is added before instead of
. It has no impact on the form but it changes the
meaning of . It adds the word 'soon' before
and specifies it to the future. For example

( soon all of you will help),
( soon you female will be
( soon he will do),

helped),
( soon I shall know),
( soon they will be listened) etc.

By summarizing the above information, we can conclude:

The words
delete the at the end of all words except the two female words. They will make the
last letter of silent.
The words delete the at the end of all words except the two female words. They
give fathah the last letter of .
The words
have no impact on the form. They change only the meaning.
178
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Present & Future Tense with Emphasis
In order to create emphasis in , certain words are added to describe different levels of emphasis. The
detail is as follows:
The in its pure form is without any emphasis. For example,
means :He does or He will do'.
If a
is added at the end, it will make the word assertive. For example,
means Surely he does or
surely he will do'.
(noon with a tashdeed or double noon) is added at the end, it will make the word more assertive.
For example,

means Definitely he does or definitely he will do'.
at the end, if a is also added at the beginning, it will make the word extremely assertive.
Along with a
For example,

means With extreme surety he does or with extreme surety he will do'.
If a
is added at the beginning without any at the end, it specifies the word with the present tense
If a
means :He does'. It is opposite to the
meaning to the future tense. For example
means
'
He
will
do.
'

without any emphasis. For example,
which specifies the
To see the different words of with emphasis, see the table on the next page.
Face the Challenge!

Describe the difference between the impact of
and on the .
Worth Reading
The Report of Transparency International and a Hadith. This
article is an eye-opening writing on the condition of Muslim
Ummah.
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE02-0004Transparency.htm
179
Module AR03
Person
Simple
Module AR03
Assertive
Not used
Not used
Not used

Not used

Not used
Not used
180
Extremely
Assertive

Test Yourself
Fill in the blanks by putting the meanings of words in red color. Frequently use the tables given in previous
pages. First word ( ) of in active voice are given in this table. Meaning of the
verb is also given which were not provided before. You have to adjust the verb, the pronoun and the voice
accordingly. Also write the impact of each word on the form of verb.
English
To win, to reach
To spend
To return
To be cool or peaceful
To touch
To marry
To conduct marriage of
some other person
To come out
Do drive out someone else
To beat, to describe
To reward, to employ
To find, to win, to meet
To put down, to throw
To meet, to join
English
To think, to consider
To intend, to decide
To ask
To be
To hold
To listen
To see, to wait
To come, to bring
Going to do something
To expect, to hope
To return, to come back
To believe, to have faith
To see
To reach
mentioned above which are not from the category

Note: There are certain verbs e.g.

of
. We will discuss them in detail in next lessons.
181
Module AR03
English
To say, to describe
To know, to pinpoint
To command, to order, to
request
To call
To dominate
To seat oneself on (an
animal), to go up (on a
staircase)
To give reward to
To help
To seek forgiveness
To be patient, to be
steadfast
To carry
English
To beget, to give birth to

a child
To accept
To enter
To dislike, to hate
To take, to catch
To fear
To show, to demonstrate,
to exhibit
To hide, to conceal
To taste
To join, to catch up with
To go, to take with
Worth Reading
Prophet Muhammad seek refuge of Allah from
procrastination. Whats the solution? Read more:
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE03-0016Procrastination.htm
182
Module AR03
Impact
Impact on Form: No
impact because the
verb is in Past Tense
which is not variable.
Impact on Meaning:
Made interrogative
English
Arabic

Do you think?
____ _____ your Prophet?

____ your witness?
____ they have hands ____? ____
they have eyes they see with? _____
they have ears they _____?
_____ ___ for Allah ____ to them in
clouds?
_____ anyone is destroyed except
the offender group.
_____ the blind and the seeing alike?
_____ you have something from
knowledge?
Wherever he turns his face, _____ a
good thing.
So what is the matter with these
people who are _____ to understand
the word.
The women who _____ to be
married.
So they ______.
183
Module AR03
Impact
Impact on Form: and
both have given fathah to the
last letter of the verb.
became .
Impact on Meaning: made

the meaning extremely
negative and added the
sense of 'until'.
English
Arabic
We will definitely not believe

in you until we see Allah
clearly.
Do not shave your heads

_______ the animals of
sacrifice _____ at their place.
So ___ _____ and ________,
so be careful about the fire (of
hell.)
____. And _____. And _____
associate with Him.
He teaches you what _____

.
.
Their repentance will

_______.
_________ the piety
________ your favorite wealth
(in Allahs way).
Make an assistant to me
_______ we praise You a lot.
So _______ to his mother
_____ her eyes ____.
______ it ____ revolving
within your rich.
184
Module AR03
Impact
English
And they said, 'The fire ______
except a few days.
_____ at the earth how much
noble pairs we have caused to
grow in it.
If they _____ leave what they
say, a painful punishment
______ on those who disbelieve.
_____ towards those who were
given a share from the Holy
Book.
He said, 'I intend _____ you with
one of my these two daughters.
They said, 'These two (Moses &
Aaron) are certainly expert
magicians who intend _______
of your land.'
_____ you are true.
______ an example.
______ for 8 years. So ___ you
complete 10 years, it will be
(additional) from your side.
185
Arabic

Module AR03
Impact
English
Arabic
So ____ _____ and _____, so

beware of the fire.
Either __ punish or ___ do good
with them.
Either _____ or we _____ the
ones who put down.
That Allah has ordered ____.
_____ Allah wills.
_______ to you as prisoners.
And it is not protecting them
from the punishment ___ live
long life.
It is definitely not the piety ___
turn your faces towards the east
or the west.
Surely, Allah does not hesitate
___ describe a parable.
_____ for Allah ____ to them in
clouds?
Worth Reading
What are the Quranic teachings about defamation? Read more:
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE02-0006Defamation.htm
186
Module AR03
Impact
English
So turn your faces towards it _____
people _____an argument against
you.
Verily, he (Satan) _____ to commit
evil and vulgar acts and ______
about Allah what _______.
________ paradise whereas (a
trouble) _____ similar to that faced
by those who were before you.
It is likely that ______ a thing
whereas it is better for you.
And it is not allowed for you ______
from what you have already given
(to your wives) except (the situation
of) ______ that both of them will not
abide by the Allahs limits.
______ the charity, it is good but
______ and give it to poor (secretly)
it is better for you.
Allah ______ those of you who have
struggled (in His way), so that He
may pinpoint the steadfast ones.
But they denied what they did not
grasp from His knowledge and its
reality _______ to them.
187
Arabic

Module AR03
Impact
English
But ______ the punishment.
They said, 'We accepted Islam
but the faith _______ into their
hearts.
And other ones of the who
______ them.
And if We wished, ______ what
We have revealed to you.
Allah has written, 'Only I and
My prophets ______.'
_______ from one step to
another step.
________ with excellent reward
those who remained steadfast.
He said, '_______ wealth and
children.'
Allah _______ the one who has
helped Him (in His cause.)
_______ for you.
________ on what you will
torture us.
Then _______ his guardian.
And when a help from your Lord
comes, ______, 'We were with
you.'
_______ their burdens.
188
Arabic

Module AR03
Impact
English
Arabic
And if you ask them, 'Who has

created you?' ______, 'Allah.'
If Allah wills, ______ into the
Sacred Mosque.
Then on that day, ______ about the
blessings (you have enjoyed in your
worldly life.)
And verily, those who were given
the Book _____ that it is the truth
from their Lord.
______ Allah ____ those believed.
And the trouble you have faced
with Allahs permission on the day
(of Ohad) when two groups met
(for fighting), ______ the believers
and ______ those who were
engaged in hypocrisy.
So ______ (the result of) their
deviation.
_______ when _____ the
punishment.
_______
So ______ for (his) destruction.
189
Module AR03

!Dear Reader

Treat everyone with love. Become an
ambassador of love, not hatred and rage.
The Law of Prayer
' :
) (1
:

) '. (
:

' :

) (2

) '. (4:103

) (3 :
( ' :

)

' :

.

'.

...

' :
.
'.

Word
Explanation
Being right
Obligatory
Having a fixed time
At fixed time
Covering
Coverable parts of
body
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Navel point of body
Knee
Covering, guarding
Word
Shawl, garment
It exposed
Explanation
!Cover
Hanging, without chain of
narrators
Body
Menstruating [means
]women
Veil covering head
Thigh, upper part of leg
190

) '. (74:4
: ' :

) (4
' :

'.

) ( :

) (5

' :

) '. (2:144

-
.

' : ) '. (2:239

'. . -
' :

. -

...
:
) (2:268 :
) (64:16
Word
Explanation
He delivered urine
Module AR03
!Pour
Bucket
!Turn your face
Towards, in the
direction
Capable
Facing towards
Word
Word
Explanation
He became unable to
Reason, excuse
It declines, it is waived
War
One who face towards
Not obligatory
One mounted on something
191
Explanation
Animal, bus, car etc.
It is preferable
One who is forced to do
Bound
Crucified
He moves
You are capable of

) (6 :

.
.

) '. (2:238
) (1
: ' :

.
'.

' :

:

:

'

'. .

' :

:
'. .

Word
Explanation
Intention
Determination
Decision
Place
Never
at the Saying
beginning of prayer
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Parts, plural of
We explain
Standing
Stand! O you all

Obedient
You see me
Word

192
Explanation
Piles, a decease of anal
point
Standing
Sitting
Lying on sides
He does not stand
It becomes void
It is described

' :

'. .
) (2 : ' ' .

'.
:

' :
.
'.
:
) (3

....

) (4 : ' :

) '. (22:77
' :
' :
'.

'.

: .
!Face the Challenge
? interrogative? How do you do so in case of a

Word
Explanation
According to
Perfect
It is not allowed
Key
Word
Explanation
Being all acts lawful at end
of prayer
Saying
at end of prayer
A person who committed
mistakes in the prayer
You stand
Module AR03
Word
193
Explanation
Being all acts unlawful

at start of prayer
How do you make a
Say,
Person performing prayer

alone
Person performing prayer
in leadership of other
It is performed
satisfactorily
Back

:

) (5

'. .

' :

' :
'. .

' :

'. .
.

) (6

' :

) '. (22:77

' :

'. .

'.

' :

:

) (7

' :
'. .

)

(.
Word
Explanation
Raising up
Moderate behavior
He became straight
Back bones
!Raise
You become moderate
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Word
Forehead
Nose
Two palms
Edges, toes
Feet
Argument
194
Explanation
Bones, plural of
We pull
Sitting
He becomes straight
He spreads
He erects

) (8 :

' :
'. .

) (9

:

' :

'.

:
) (10
' :

.
'.

' :

'.
' :

'.

.

Word
Explanation

Module AR03
Calmness
Calmness
Staying
Stability
Other, last
Word
Explanation
Proved
Well-known
It completed
He continued to do
He teaches us
195
Word
Explanation
Words
It arrived
The most correct of it
They agreed
It suffices

' :

'.
) (11
' :

'.
:

.

' :

'.
'. ' :
.
'
' : ' '

:
) (12

.

.

' : '.

.

.
Word
Explanation
Module AR03
It is proved
Obligation
It suffice
Coming
Word
Explanation
Sequence
Previously
Deliberately
It becomes void
196
Word
Explanation
He violated
Neglectfully,
unintentionally
He was reminded
He advanced, he did
something before other

) (1

)(2

:

.

:
) (3

) (4

:
) (5

:

.

:

) (6
.

)(7
' :

'. .

Word
Explanation
It makes void
Things that make void
Module AR03
It breaks
Revealing
Word
Explanation
Turning face away
Established by Allah
Doing something before
something
Doing something after
something
197
Word
Explanation
He violated
Negation, voiding
Keeping it continued
We talk

.

:

' :

:

:
:

:
) '... (4:101
'

'

:
' :

'. .

.

: )

' :

.

'.

'.
' :
Word
Explanation
It comprises of
Reduction in prayers
You feel danger of
Module AR03
They will create

problem for you
I amazed
Word
Explanation
!Accept
Prayers of 4 Rakat
Reduction in religious
obligations, plural

Preferred
198
Word
Explanation
Doing it forever
He does wrong
Not getting advantage of

reduction is religious
obligations. Plural of
, opposite to
Completing

.

.

' :
'...
.

:

' :

'.
' :

'.

Word
Explanation
Module AR03
Distance
It does not come
Limitation
Rule
It is named
It starts
Word
Explanation
Word
Traveler
Ease
A reduction is provided
He mounted
Its coming down
He delayed
199
Explanation
It came down
He hurried
Departure
It is delayed
It disappears
The red light on horizon
after sunset, the twilight

.

:

' :

' ' :

'.

.

.
:

'.
) ' '
(
Rule of the Day
is added , it specifies it to the present tense. If a is added before a

after it, it creates extreme emphasis. For example
means 'he helps or will help' while

means 'He helps' and
' and means 'With extreme surety, he will help.
If the word
Word
Explanation
Module AR03
Ship or boat
Airplane
Car or bus
Train
Animal
Horse
Word
Explanation
Word
Mule
Donkey
Drowning
Rain
Mud
Narrow way
200
Explanation
Mud
He made call for prayer
He moved forward
He gave gestures
Gesturing
Lower than

Dear Reader!
In previous lessons, you have learnt the Past,
Present & Future Tenses. In this lesson, you will
learn the forms of verb in which an instruction,
request or advise is made or a wish is expressed
for someone to do or not do something.

Always look that the glass is half-full. Dont care
for half-empty glass. Be thankful to Allah for
what you have. Dont deny His blessings for
what you have not.
and if he asks other to not do

something, it is called . All these verbs are derived from the . Look at the tables at the next
In Arabic, if one person asks the other to do something, it is called
page.
At this stage, it is better to repeat the different uses of word because it may cause a confusion.
without any at the end, it specifies the word with the present
tense without any emphasis. For example,
means :He does'.
If is added at the beginning of

If
is added at the beginning of with a at the end, it creates an extreme emphasis. For
example,

means : 'With extreme surety, he does or he will do'.
If is added at the beginning of
and the last letter has a fathah, it means 'so that'. For example,

means : 'so that he will do' or 'to do'.
If is added at the beginning of and the last letter is silent, it becomes . For example,

means : 'He should do'.
If is added at the beginning of a noun, it will become a preposition and will convert the noun to its

form. In that case, it will mean 'for'. For example,
means : 'for the offenders'.
Therefore, be careful about the use of while translating.
Face the Challenge!

What is the difference between the impact of and added to a
Worth Reading
Developing trust is very important. How and why? Read more:
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE03-0012-Trust.htm
201
Module AR03

He should do
Both of them should
do.
She should do.

Both of them should
do.
All of them should do.
Do (O single man!)
Do (O both of you
men!)
Do (O all of you men!)
Do (O single lady!)
Do (O both of you
women!)
Do (O all of you
women!)
I should do
We should do
He does
Both of them do
(male)
They do (male)
She does
Both of them do
(female)
They do (female)
You do (male)
Both of you do (male)
You all do (male)
You do (female)
Both of you do
(female)
You all do (female)
I do
Person
We do
All these verbs are derived from the
All of them should do.
. The procedure is as follows:

Remove all at the end of except the of plural feminine words. Remove the dhamma of last letter of
to make them silent at the end i.e.
Add a before all words of . If the has a fathah or kasraha, add before all words of . If the
has a dhamma, add before them e.g.
will become
.
Certain words whose one of source letters is , its word for comes like

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Both of them should

be helped.
She should be helped.

Both of them should
be helped.
They should be
helped.
You should be helped (O
single man!)
both of you men!)
all of you men!)
single lady!)

both of you women!)
all of you women!)
I should be helped
We should be helped
He should be helped.
They should be
helped.
He is helped
Both of them are
helped (male)
They are helped
(male)
Person
They are helped

(female)
You are helped

(male)
She is helped
Both of them are
helped (female)
Both of you are

helped (male)
You all are helped
(male)
You are helped

(female)
Both of you are

helped (female)
You all are helped

(female)
I am helped
We are helped
The procedure is as follows:
at the end of except the of plural feminine words. Remove the dhamma of
last letter of to make them silent at the end i.e.

Remove all
Add a
before all words.
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He should not help.

Both of them should
not help.
They should not help
She should not help

Both of them should
not help.
They should not help.
Dont help. (O single

man!)
Dont help (O both of
you men!)
Dont help. (O all of
you men!)
He does not help.

Both of them do not
help.
They do not help
She does not help

Both of them do not
help.
They do not help.
You do not help. (O
single man!)
You do not help (O
both of you men!)
You do not help. (O
all of you men!)
You do not help. (O

single lady!)
Dont help. (O both

women!)
You do not help. (O

both women!)
Dont help. (O you

women!)
You do not help. (O

you women!)
Dont help. (O single

lady!)
I should not help

We should not help
I do not help
We do not help
Person

Remove all
Add a before all words. Please note the also comes before negative , but it has a dhamma
or at the end whereas in forbidding verb, dhamma is removed and is deleted.
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Module AR03
Both of them should not

be helped (male)
They should not be
helped (male)
She should not be helped

Both of them should not
be helped
They should not be
helped (female)
You should not be helped

(male)
Both of you should not be
helped (male)
You all should not be
(male)
He should not be helped
He is not helped
Both of them are not
helped (male)
They are not helped
(male)
She is not helped
Both of them are not
helped
They are not helped
(female)
You are not helped
(male)
Both of you are not
helped (male)
You all are not
(male)
You should not be helped

(female)
You are not helped

(female)
Both of you should not be

(female)
Both of you are not

helped (female)
You all should not be

helped (female)
I should not be helped

We should not be helped
You all are not

helped (female)
I am not helped
We are not helped
Person

Remove all
Add a before all words. Please note the also comes before negative , but it has a dhamma
or at the end whereas in forbidding verb, dhamma is removed and is deleted.
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Module AR03
Test Yourself (1)

The is given with its meanings and the symbol of its group is mentioned against it. The source letters
are also mentioned in black color whereas additional letters are mentioned in red color. Derive the first
words of from the .
Meaning
To provide as
sustenance
( )
( )
( )
To prostrate
To say
To instruct /
request /
advise
( )
( )
To return
( )

( )
( )
To be
thankful
To worship
To see, to
think, to wait
( )

To know
( )
( )
( )

To observe
To dominate
To sit
Face the Challenge!

What is the difference between the impact of
added to a
206
Module AR03
Test Yourself (2)

Meaning of the verb is also given which were not provided before. You have to adjust the verb, the
pronoun and the voice accordingly.
English
To decrease
To carry, to place burden
To forgive, to excuse
To forgive, to pardon
To have mercy upon
To help
To deviate oneself
To deviate other
To disgrace, to humiliate
To be obedient, to be
submissive
To prostrate
To bow down
To show, to uncover
To know
English
To say
To see, to think, to wait
To listen
To see
To take, to catch
To bundle, to mix
To call
To make, to keep
To repent, to accept
repentance
To come out
To beat, to describe, to
strike, to put
To be void, to become null
To void, to null
To write
To dictate
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Module AR03
English
To surrender, to be
complaisant
To establish, to raise, to
erect
To come, to give
To follow, to obey
To go
To take something with
To remember, to mention, to
recall
To warn about negative
consequences
To kill
English
To stretch
To marry oneself
To arrange marriage of other
To hate, to dislike
To force other to do a hateful
act, to coerce
To wipe, to sweep
To do, to perform
To become a polytheist, to
associate someone with God
To believe, to have faith

To deny, to be thankless
To worship
Worth Reading
What is glamour and what is its impact on human personality? Read more:
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE02-0011-Glamor.htm
208
Module AR03
English
O believers! ______ 'Rainaa (favour us)', but

_____, 'Unzurna (_____)' and ______.
So _____ at your food and drinks.
O Lord! ______ how will You give life to dead?
He said, 'So ____ four birds. Then train them to
follow your direction. Then (mix their minced meat
after slaughtering them and then) ____ them over
each of these mountains. Then ____ them, Allah
will definitely bring them to you rapidly.
O Lord! _____ this city peaceful and _____ its
inhabitants with fruits.
O Lord! _____ submissive for you.
And ______ the way of our worship and _____ our
repentance.
And ______ your homes the direction of prayers.

______ (the administrator of) the treasures of earth.
So _____. I am among your well-wishers.
So We said, '_____ the stone with your stick.'
They said, '_____ your Lord for us.'

Then We said, '______ with its part.
209
Module AR03
English
_____ your charity by reminders of your
generosity and injuring feeling (of recipient.)
Whenever you lend for a fixed period, _____ it.
And a writer ______ with justice.
So ______ and _____ that what is right.
And ______ something from it.
And ______ a burden on us as ______ it on those
who were before us.
And _____ us, and ______ us and ______. You are
our Lord, so ______ over the infidel nation.
O Lord! ______ our hearts after You have guided
us.
So _____ our sins and save us from the fire
punishment.
So _______ among the observers.
And ______ on the day of judgment.
O Lord! ______ within the offender group.
O Marry! ______ to your Lord and ______ and
_____ with those bow down.
______ from it.
He is the One Who sends blessings upon you along
with His angels ________ from the darkness to the
light.
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Module AR03
English
And _____ their veils over their bosoms and

_____ their charms other than their husbands.
______ their feet _____ the charm (of their body)
they hide _____.
_____ to Allah collectively, O believers!
_____ the singles among you.
_____ your girls on adultery.
So ______ your faces and hands with it. Allah
does not intend ______ a trouble for you.
So whoever expects meeting his Lord, so ______
good deeds. And ______ anyone in the worship of
his Lord.
______ it a topic for discussion.
So whoever wants so ______, and whoever wants
so _______.
And they were not instructed except _______ One
God.
I have not created the giants and human beings

except _______.
So _______ the Lord of this home.
Rule of the Day

If a is added before a
and its last letter is silent or its are deleted,

then it is . If it carries a fathah, then it is and the meaning of 'so
that' are added.
211
Module AR03
English
So _______ while talking (with the men), lest the
one in whose heart is a decease may thereby be
encouraged, and _____ using suitable good words.
And ______ the prayer, and ______ Zakat, and
_____ Allah and His prophet.
Verily, Allah decides _______ from you the moral
filth fro you, O family of Prophet!, and to purify
you completely.
And ______ what is recited in your homes from
Allahs verses and wisdom.
This is the communication for the people, _______
with it and _______ that He is the One God.
And for each nation, We have prescribed the way
of sacrifice, _______ Allahs name on what He has
provided them as food.
Verily, we believe in our Lord ______ us our
mistakes.
_________.
If you will ______ your hand towards me _____, I
will not be stretching my hands towards you.
Rule of the Day
, the last letter is silent. If there is a at the end of any word

in , its is deleted.
In a
212
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Dear Reader!
In this lesson, well introduce you with the language of
Arabic idioms. Take a separate blank page and write the

It is the right of your neighbor that you do
not disturb them with loud music etc.
...

' :
.

.'
:

Face the Challenge!
What is the difference between a ( with fathah) and a ( with kasrah)? What are different uses
of both of them?
Explanation
It connects
Incident, accident
It spreads
It is described
It is similar to
Condition, state
It is brought
Word
Explanation
It gives a picture of
Progress
Economy
Its conditions
Related to desert
Word
It comes out
Its environment
213
Explanation
Idioms
Words of wisdom
Sentences
Describing some
attributes
Conciseness
Right
Parables
Word

Module AR03

:

) (1

.

:
:
.

.

. :
: . :

.
) (2

.
.

) (3 . : . :

Word
Explanation
Useless, poor quality
product

Module AR03
Bad
Measure
Shape, form
Riding
Sitting
Worse
Dates
You sell
You measure
Word
Explanation
Word
Two bad
Flood
Untouchable point
Flow
It flooded
Hole, dig
It is dug
High
Place of flood
Explanation
It reaches it by increasing
the level
Overwhelming
He trespassed
Shooting arrows
Case of arrows
Case
Arrows
Preparing
Its happening
Hill
214
) (4 . :
( :
) .

( : . . )

.

.

: .
) (5
. .

:
Word
Word
Explanation
Bow
Its inventor
The moon of 1st night of
a month
It is considered
masculine
It is considered feminine

Module AR03
He made sharp
Stick
Help
Knowledge
Skill, expertise
Explanation
You grow
Thorns
Grapes
Eating it
Its place of growth,
nursery, garden
Vegetation, plants
Summarized
Deep, difficult
Interpretation
He speaks
215
Word
Explanation
People having ideas
Experience
It carries
Interpretation
Sound, intact
Wisdom
Its base
It is released
Its experience
Its culture, its education
) (1

. :
:
: .

.
:

.
:

.

:

) (2

. :
. :

: . :
. :

.
.
. :

:

: :
Word
Explanation
Module AR03
Extreme pain
Sword
Indian
Agony
Pain
Manufactured
Iron, steel
India
Word
Explanation
Word
Blood relatives
Original, genuine
It does not become dirty
Meanness
His honor
Shawl
)He wraps with it (shawl
It became dirty
216
Explanation
Dirt, filth, impurity
Ignobility
Wickedness
He covers
He wrapped
It reduces
Eyes, plural of
Inferior

:

) (3
:
.
:

.
:
.

:
.

:

:

.

.

) (4
:
. .

:

)(
: :
Word
Explanation
Pleasure, love
Defect
Fatigued, tired
Anger, discontent
It shows
Defects, ills, evils
It became tired
It does not verify
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Seen object
It showed
Defects
Weaknesses
It does not become
It watches
Hatred, rage
It shows
217
Word
Explanation
It searches for
It examines
Heart
It does not remain
Meat
Blood
Both of them lacked

Formed, shaped
) (5 :

:

: .
. : .
' :

.

'.

) ' '
(
Word
Explanation
He lives
Being modest
Cortex of a plant
You fear, you are
careful
Module AR03
Result
Word
Explanation
Nights, plural of
You become modest
Do, make
You want
Cortex of a plant
Devoted to, adhered to
218
Word
Explanation
Complying to
Manners
It defends, it protects
Damage, harm
It becomes straight
He does not care
Dear Reader!
In previous lessons, you have learnt the
derived verbs. All verbs are derived from the
source letters by applying certain rules.

Suspicion may result in breaking your family.
Avoid it.
Most of the nouns are not derived from a source letter by applying certain rules, but there are some
nouns which are derived from the source letters like verbs. These nouns are classified under six
categories:
: The subject noun. It denotes the person who performs a verb. For example
(doer),

( observer), ( killer),
( helper), ( performer), ( a person
( worshipper),
who knows something) etc.

: The object noun. It denotes the person or the thing on which a verb is performed. For

example

(an object on which a task is performed), ( an entity that is worshipped),

( a person who was killed),
( an observed entity),
( a person who was helped),

( a task which was performed), ( a known item) etc.

: The name of a place or time in which a verb was performed. For example
( a
place or time of work), ( a place of worship), ( an observatory),
( a place where
( a place of prostrating), ( a place for cooking i.e. kitchen),
someone was killed),

( place of sunrise),
(place
of
sunset)
etc.

: The name of a tool to perform a verb. For example
( a tool to open i.e. a key),
( a tool to

( a tool to make light i.e. a lamp), ( a tool to draw line i.e. a ruler),
beat e.g. a racquet) etc. It is rarely used in the Quran, so we shall ignore it in these lessons.
The adjective. It denotes the permanent ability of a person to do something. The
difference between

is that the
is associated with a task on some
occasion but the

is a permanent ability. For example
( a person having ability to
( a person having ability to help), ( a
do),
(a person having ability to observe),
( a merciful person), ( a big person), etc.

knowledgeable person),

: The comparative or superlative degree of an adjective. For example
(more or
most capable to do),
(more or the most respected), ( bigger or biggest), ( more or
the most knowledgeable person),
(more or the most merciful person), ( shorter or the

shortest person), etc.
We will cover them in two lessons.
Before proceeding, recall the lesson in which we discussed that the nouns have three forms
i.e. subjective, possessive and objective case.
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Module AR03
Look at the following table. Verbs had 14 words used to describe different genders, persons, and
numbers. Nouns have only six words which are used in three different scenarios of .
Possessive
Objective
Meanings
A man who does
Two men who do
All men who do
A woman who does
Two women who do
All women who do
Subjective
Person
Please note that the male includes a real man or a non-living item considered male by Arabs. Similarly,
female includes a real woman or a non-living item considered female by Arabs.
Now you can change the set of source letters to make
letters of

. Replace by the source

to make their complete tables.
Face the Challenge!

Why the words related to any verb are 14 and those for nouns are only 6? Compare the nountables with the verb-tables and identify the difference.
Rule of the Day
is added before a , it makes it conditional. For example

means 'he
helps or will help' while
means 'If he helps, '. The sentence will not be complete
If the word
without the result of condition.
220
Module AR03
Possessive
Objective
Meanings
Subjective
Person
A male who is object

of some work
Two males who are

object of some work
All males who are
object of some work
A female who is
object of some work
Two females who are
object of some work
All females who are
object of some work
letters of

to make their complete tables.
Rule of the Day

There are certain words, whose
form is the same.
They are called

. Similarly some words have the
same form in all three cases. They are called .
Worth Reading
What is Jealousy and what is its impact on human personality? Read
more: http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE02-0012Jealousy.htm
221
Module AR03
In Arabic, there are certain nouns which are used to describe the place or time of a verb. It is called
. It has only three words.
Possessive
Objective
Meanings
One place to do
Two places to do
Many places to do
One place to do
Two places to do
Many places to do
Subjective

letters of

( sunset), ( to prostrate), ( to cook), ( to kill) to

make their complete tables.
Important Notes
The both weights

are used for different set of source letters. Normally for the chapters in
which the of has a fathah or dhamma,
is at the weight of
. If the
In rare cases, its reverse is used.
of has a kasrah,
is at the weight of .
If the use of that place for that verb is excessive, usually

is at the weight of
. For
example,

( place of teaching i.e. school),
(place of printing i.e. a printing press),
Worth Reading
What is the difference between Monotheism and Polytheism? Why the Polytheism
not acceptable in front of God? How to avoid polytheism in our prayers?
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE01-0009-Monotheism.htm
222
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Test Yourself
You have to adjust the meaning to make it an appropriate noun. Also mention the type, number and
case of that noun as mentioned in the first example.
English
To humble oneself, to
submit, to surrender
To fast
To impose, to make
mandatory
To shed, to spill, to flow,
to run
To thank
To observe
Sunrise
Sunset
To transport goods, to
burden
To gather
To ask
To deprive of, to deny
To veil, to cover
To cut, to break, to be
thorn-less
To pile up, to stack
English
To neglect, to ignore, to
be unaware
To repent, to accept
repentance
To worship
To praise
To tour, to travel
To bow down
To prostrate
To instruct
To forbid
To protect, to keep, to
preserve, to guard
To be good, to be right
To make
To be obedient, to be
submissive
To be truthful
To be patient, to be
steadfast
223
Module AR03
English
To confine to, to limit to
To hide, to conceal
To own, to possess
To bestow upon, to do favor
To cut down
To prevent, to stop
To uplift, to raise, to become
high
To act immorally or sinfully
To become
To count, to number
To drink
To come out
To observe, to watch
To live, to reside in
To sleep
English
To extend, to stretch
To spill out, to pour out
To send, to take one to
To hang, to chain
To stretch out, to extend
To gather, to collect
To observe, to witness
To create poetry
To cover, to be mad
To line up, to array
To rise, ascend
To demand, to ask for
To be able, to afford, to
manage
To sit down, to seat
To offend, to be cruel
224
Module AR03
English
Allah is not _____ of what you do.
We were ______ of their teaching.

_____, _____, _____, _____,
_____, _____, _____ to do good
and _____ of evil and ______ of
Allahs limit.
They were ______.
We made all of them ______.
I am ______ of a viceroy in the
earth.
______ and ______.
______ and ______.
______ and ______.
______ and ______.
______ and ______.
______ of their sexual organs and
______.
______ Allah too much and
_____.
!Face the Challenge
. How will you to its corresponding
Module AR03
225
Describe the procedure of converted a
? convert the same into
English
Allahs instruction was going to be
______.
Whether it is less or more, (they shall
be entitled to) their ______ share.
(It is unlawful to eat) that is dead or
blood _____.
Set your faces (in the right direction)
near each _______.
So they are ones whose effort will be
______.
Verily the Quranic recitation of Fajr
prayer is ______.
So woe on the disbelievers from _____
on that great day (of judgment).
The Lord of _____ and _____.
So We rescued him and who were with
him in a ______ ark.
And the birds ______ (in their flocks),
all of them used to sing with him.
And in their wealth, there is a right for
_____ and ______.
But we are ______.
That day, verily they will be ______
from the vision of their Lord.
Soon your Lord will exalt you to the
point that is ______.
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English
They shall be in a _____ trees, _____
bananas, ______ shade, and ______
water.
And we shall not be ______.
Jews said, 'Allahs hand is ______.'
Nay, His both hands are _______.
That will be the day in which
humankind will be _____ and that
will be the Day of _______.
Until I reach at ______ of two rivers.
They said, 'Should we leave our gods
for the sake of a ____, ____.'
They will recline on _____ couches.
When he reached at _____ of sunrise.
How weak is the _____ and _____.
Allahs decision was ______.
In ______ of truth.
Whoever killed ______, so We have
made his heir powerful.
Women of paradise _____ in the
camps.
227

.
.

.
Module AR03
English
Like the example of the ______ pearl.
Allah has described the example of an
______ slave.
For them, there will a non _____
reward.
Neither _____ and nor _____.
______ beds.
Most of them are ______.
The worst ______.
Remember Allah in _____ days.
Each group of people have known their
______.
Whoever fears Allah, He shall make
______ for him.
Sit for them at each _______.
Towards Him will be ______ for all of
you.
Verily, Sheba in their ______ there is a
sign.
Pure ______ in gardens of Eden.
I swear the Lord of ______ and ______.
Alas! Who has raised us from our
______.
228
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Dear Reader!
In this lesson, we are going to study the life of two great companion
of the Prophet and their struggle for the truth.
Translate the following sentences. We are omitting the

Suspicion and jealousy kill
the personality. Avoid them.
of
previously used words.

:
.

' '

.

.

Explanation
The highest among them
Status
Favorite
I was born
To vanish, to decrease
He / it intensifies
He / it increases
He imprisoned me, he kept
me in custody
Fear
She / it is kept in custody
Girls
Word
Explanation
More or the most deep
More or the most truthful
Word
Our story
Searcher
I was
A young man
Persian
Isphahan, a city in Iran
A village
It was called
Chief
More or the most affluent
Prosperity
229
Explanation
Word
Beyond
Reality, physical world
Researcher, a person
in quest of something
So that we should
leave
Field, domain
So that he describes
Events
His perception, his
thinking
Deeper, the deepest
Module AR03

.

:

'.
' !

.

.

Word
Explanation
I strived hard
Magus, the ancient
religion of Iran
I started my morning
Standing
The fire,
We used to worship

Module AR03
I was made
responsible
Its ignition
It cooled off
Second, a small
amount of time
Village, feudal
property
They gave us in
plenty
Word
Explanation
Grains, crops
Big
They stood on it
He earns
Its grains
At that time
He was busy in it
Going
Town
Occupancy
!O my son
I am occupied
230
Word
Explanation
You see
So go
Take over
Its matters
I intended to
Way
I passed by
Church, plural
Christians
Their sounds
It drew
My attention

.

' :

'. ' :

' :
'.

:

'

!

' :

....

'.

'. : ... ... .

Word
Word .
Explanation
Word

Explanation
Explanation

I know
Religions
As long as
He kept me in veil
So that I see
They make, they do
I carefully looked at
them
It amazed me
I included towards

Module AR03
I left them
The sun set
Ill not go
I asked them
Where
Origin
Religion
Cities of Syria
It came
I returned
So He received me
I did, I made
!O my father
I passed
It amazed me
I saw
I did not leave
He scared
!O my son
Better
He scared, he became
frightened
I will leave religion
He placed
Shackle
My feet
By people
231

' :

'.

.

'.

:
' ' :
' :

'

.

'.' : '.

Word
Explanation
It became easy
Free time, chance
I reached
He comes
Caravan, riders
He intends
Going
So tell me
Less
Facing towards
So inform me
So I was captured
Module AR03
I untied it
Word
Explanation
Secretly
We reached
We came down
Bishop
Responsible
So I came to him
I am inclined to
Christianity
I love, I like
To become your servant
I serve you
I learn from you
Word
Explanation
!Enter
I served him
I remained
That you know
His followers
He motivated them
By its reward
They give him
He made a treasure for
him
He gives
Jars
Gold
I pray with you
232
'

'.
'
'.' :
' :

' : . '.

' :!

.

'.

Word
Explanation
I hated him
Hatred
Strong
As I saw him
He remained
To die
She / they gathered
For burying him
Word
Explanation
Treasure
Inform us
So I showed them
His place
The brought out
Full of
Silver
They saw it
Your friend, your

leader
We will bury him
He motivated you
They crucified him
You bring to him
Module AR03
I inform you
They beat him (with

)stones
Stones
233
Word
Explanation
It passed
They appointed
His place
So I attached to him
The most pious
The most inclined
The most hard working
Too much love
I stayed
Time
It appeared to him
Death

' !
'
:
'

'.

' :
'.

' :

'.
.

' : !

' ' : !
'.

' : '.

' :
' ' :

'.
!
:
Word
Explanation
!O so & so
I advise you
You advise me
I become
Musal, a city of Iraq
He amends (the Book
)of God

Module AR03
He changes
I joined
Word
Explanation
I reached, I moved to
I described the story
He advised me
One who firmly holds
Stay with me
So I stayed
I found with him
Word
Explanation
He came to you
You see, you opine
You know
Affiliation
We were on it
Naseeban, a city at Syria
Umuriyah, a city at
Syria
State, condition
234
'

..
'.

.. ..

..
:
.

'

'

' : !

...

'.

'
'.

' :
'.:

'.
'
!Face the Challenge
?
Word
Explanation
I earned
Cows
Sheep, goats
What is the difference between the

and the
There
It remained
)Back, (face of earth
Module AR03
Time came
He will be sent
He will migrate
Word
Explanation
Having date-palm
trees
Two volcanic fields
Symbols, plural of
Gift
His two shoulders
He disappeared
Grave
To come down
Stamp of
prophethood
235
Word
Explanation
So that you join
Death came to him
I stayed
A group, party
Traders
Tribe
Carry me
I will give you
We will carry you
' : ''

'.

Explanation
Word
Carry me
The valley of Qura
They deceived me
They sold me
Jews
His service
He visited
Son of uncle
A tribe of Jews living
at Madina
They bought me
The moved me
Old name of Madina
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
I saw
He mentioned
Attribute
He described its
attributes
Then
He calls
But I
My occupancy
It made that
obligatory
Slavery
Top of a date palm
tree
Word
''
Explanation
I worked in it
Some
Sitting
Under it
He approached
He killed
People of Madina
Now
Gathering people
A town near Madina
He thinks, He considers
For my master
236

' :

' :
' ...

'.
' :

'. .

' :
.
'.
' : '...

'. .

'

' : '.
Word
Explanation
Their talk
It touched me
It is similar to
A viral infection
I became disturbed
Module AR03
Confusion
I fear
So that I fall
I started
Coming down
!Prepare
Word
Explanation
He became angry
He punched me
A punch
What you have to do
?with this
!Return
Evening
I took
Dates
I gathered
I directed
He came down
237
Word
Explanation
It reached me
Poor
Needy
More deserving
I came near to him
He hold
I left
I gathered
He changed
Gift
I give you as honor

': '
.

.
.

) . (

Word
Explanation
A graveyard of
Madina
When
He hides, he buries
Module AR03
Two shawls
I greeted
I drew
I see
His back
So that
I see
He saw me
Word
Explanation
My objective
He removed, he threw
Shawl
I saw
I turned
I kiss
I wept
He amazed
He delighted for it
They amazed
Amazement
238
Word
Explanation
They became
delighted
The biggest
Joy, happiness
Peace
He searches for
Each place
He knew
He believed in it
The most tied
He will be raised
Live

.

' :

'.

.

Word
Explanation
Fresh
Young age
Moderate
Body
Beautiful, handsome
Face
Sweet
Sweet
It happen, it stays
It did not happen
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
He inclined towards
Dress
He administers
His dresses
His form, his appearance
Word
Luck
Nice
Smell, fragrance
He passes
She gave liberally to
239
Explanation
Her wealth
Vast, wide
Amazing, admirable
He describes
Hunting
Remaining
Old people
His objective
He lives
Rightly-guided

Word
Explanation
He approached
At morning time
He faced
Friends
She / they directed
towards
Pub
Fun
Word
Wine
They called him
Module AR03
Explanation
Two groups
He refused
Both invitations
He preferred
To listen
Conference
Dialogue
They debated
They disliked him
240
Word
Violence
Sometimes
Kindness
He desired
Way
He greeted
Explanation
He came near
He stretched
He announced

.

' :

'.

.

.
Word
Explanation
He hided
He teases her
He condemns / denies
Module AR03
Patient
Comfort
He allowed
It changed
Torn
Word
Explanation
Skin
Thick, hard
Word
Thin, weak
The most blessed
Blessed
Inclination
Listening
He memorized
241
Explanation
He perfected
Men of understanding, plural
of
He sends
He teaches
He becomes successful
Season
He thinks
Direct

'
) '. (33:23

(
)
Word
Explanation
Flag
Victorious
Raid, attack
He became
It felt down
High, raised
He caught
His both upper arms
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
He hits
Lance, spear
He took
Martyrs, plural of
He wears
Small, short
It became apparent
Word
Explanation
His vow
They changed
He covers
)Upper (part of body
)Lower (part of body
Grass
Fresh
He decided, he fulfilled
242

Dear Reader!
In this lesson, we shall discuss the adjective and
its different forms. Unlike
the rules to derive these nouns from the

It is our responsibility to convey the message of
Islam to Non-Muslims with respect, love and
sincerity.
verb are not well-defined.
Possessive
Objective
Meanings
Subjective
A male who can do

Two males who can
do
All males who can do
A female who can do
Two female who can
do
All female who can
do
Person
Important Notes

is not limited to the structure of . For different set of source letters, it can come on other
structures. For example,

are also used as different structures for
For different set of source letters, different structures of
providing a few examples of these structures on the next page.
are used. We are
. Replace by the source letters
of

( to help) to
(to increase), ( to be great), ( to become big),
make their complete tables. All of them come at the structure of .
243
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Look at the following table. We are only providing the
of the Subjective Case. The other two
cases and words you can make yourself in the same way.
English
Heavy
English
Easy
Salt
Free
Sweet
Famous
Saltish
(water)
Intoxicated
Great
Important Notes
Angry
Sitting
person
Miser
English
Difficult
Empty, zero
Hard
Good
Brave
Thirsty
Watching
person
Greedy
Sometimes, a set of source letters may have more than one
coming on the weight of can be used as either a subject or an object
. For example
( the person who moves rapidly) is used as a , whereas ( the killed
person) is used as a .
In rare cases, can also come at the weight of

. In that case, the noun has the attribute
(companion),
of being permanent. For example

( pure or clean).
Usually a round is added to make these adjectives feminine.
Emotions or biological attributes e.g. anger, hunger, happiness usually come on the weight of

and
. For example
( happy), ( angry), ( tired), ( lazy), ( intoxicated),
( thirsty) etc.
Sometimes,
244
Module AR03

There are certain adjectives which have a built-in emphasis. They are called
are given below. We are only providing the
. Some weights of it
of the Subjective Case. The other two cases and words
you can make yourself in the same way.
English
Extremely
powerful
Extremely
caring
Extremely
honest

English
Extremely
dominant
Extremely
patient
Extremely
intelligent
Extremely
careful
Professional
Builder
Extremely
surprised
Extremely
active
Extremely
Arrogant
Extremely
covering
Extremely
active
Extremely
Forgiving
English
Extremely
beneficent
Extremely
intelligent
Gushing out
Extremely
Beneficent
Extremely
knocking
Important Notes
Usually, the Arabic names of different professions come a the weight of
(baker),
( loader)
( tailor), ( cloth merchant),
For example
Some of above weights e.g. are also used without emphasis. It is determined by the
context. Sometimes, both situations are equally applicable.
Usually a round is added to make these adjectives feminine.
Now you have learnt how to make hundreds of words with a combination of a few three letters. All of these
words derived from a set of source letters may not necessarily be used. But it increases the potential and
flexibility of Arabic language. For any new invention or development, words are already available in the
language. The Arabs just start using a word which is already available in their language but not in use. For
example, {

} ( something which travels a lot) is used to describe a car. {
}
(something moving a lot) is used to describe a mobile. {

to describe a computer.
245
}
( something to compute) is used
Module AR03

In English, we have three degrees of adjective. In Arabic, they are two. For comparative and superlative
degree, the same word is used. It is called
.
Possessive
Objective
Meanings
The most doing male

The most doing two
males
The most doing all
males
The most doing
female
The most doing two
females
The most doing all
females
Subjective
Person
. Replace by the source letters
of
(to increase), ( to be great), ( to become big or elder), ( to
offend, to be cruel) to make their complete tables.
Important Notes
For comparison, two nouns are compared with each other. For example

elder than Umar).
(Zaid is
If there is no comparison, it will be the superlative degree. For example

( Zaid is the eldest
one.)
The adjectives describing colors and physical disabilities also come at the same weights. For

(red male),
( red female),
(dumb),

(blind), etc.
(lame),
example
(green male),
(green female),
Think about it: Think about different Muslim Arabic names for men and women. Which name
belongs to which category for derived nouns?
246
Module AR03

Test Yourself
Its
is also given. You have to adjust the meaning to make it an appropriate noun. Also
mention the type, number and case of that noun as mentioned in the first example.
English
Drunk condition
Lazy condition
Quarreling person
Place of mixing
Sweet
Sweet
Salty
Saline
Dumb
Blue
Green
English
Yellow
White
Brilliant
Blind
Lame
Ill
To intoxicate, to drink
intoxicants
To be lazy
To quarrel, to offer discount on
sales
To mix
N/a
N/a
N/a
N/a
To be salty
N/a
To be or become dumb
To be or become blue
To be or become green
To be or become yellow
To be or become white
To be or become brilliant
To be or become blind
To be or become lame
To be or become ill
247
N/a

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English
Setter, fixer
Steadfast, patient
Thankful, recognizer
Cruel, offender, the
most cruel ()
Deceiver, corrupt
Thankless, denier
Ignorant
Forgiver, pardoner
Forgiver, pardoner
Deceiver, cheater
The major one, more
in number
Greater or the
greatest
English
To set, to fix
To be patient / steadfast
To be thankful, to recognize
To betray, to deceive
To deny, to become thankless
To be ignorant
To forgive
To betray, to deceive, to cheat
To increase
To become great
More or the most

respected
To be respectful / generous
More or the most

God-fearing, pious
To be God-fearing, to be pious
Harder or the hardest,

more or most intense
To make strong, to make hard
Smaller or the
smallest
Bigger or the biggest,
elder or the eldest
To become smaller
To become bigger, to become
elder
248

Module AR03
English
Truer or the truest
Better or the best
More or most inferior
Nectar
Sealed ()
One
Overwhelming
Observer
Observer
Deviated person
()
Far, away
Offender, unhappy
Happy, fortunate
Experienced,
knowledgeable
Extremely angry
Burning, arrogant
due to burning anger
Friend, protector
Helper, supporter
English
The speak truthfully, to be

true
To be or become good, to
become handsome
To become inferior
To make nectar
To seal
To be one
To overwhelm
To see, to observe
To see , to observe
To deviate
To depart from, to move away
To be unhappy, to be offender
To be happy, to be fortunate
To experience
To be angry, irritated
To burn
To make friend
To help
249

Module AR03
English
Dont go near to prayer while you
are ______.
When they stand for prayer, they
stand ______.
Nay, they are a ____ nation.
He is an open ______.
It is the ______ of two streams.
This is ______ and this is
_______.
One of both of them is ______. He
is not able to do anything.
That day, We shall gather the

offenders (while they will be)
____ (due to fear).
We have made a fire (ability to
burn) in the ____ tree.
There is no restriction on ____,
and there is no restriction on ____,
and there is no restriction on ____.
Verily it is a _____ cow, its color
is ______.
When he drew out his hand, it was
_____ for the viewers.
He is a ______ and an ______.
Face the Challenge!

and the
250
Module AR03
English
You are not ______ on them.
Verily, in that, there are signs for each
_____ ______.
Verily, Allah is not ______ for His slaves.
Nobody can deny Our signs except every
______ ______.
Verily, he was ______ ______.
Verily, human being was _____ _____.
Verily, Allah is definitely _____ ______.
Definitely, they are a ______ nation.
Verily I am _____ for what who repents,
have believe and do good deeds.
Verily, Allah does not like every _____
______.
But ______ of people do not know.
They (are the ones having) ______ rank.
Verily, ______ of you in Allahs view is the
one who is _______ among you.
Rule of the Day

The noun coming after a preposition is always in its
case.
Similarly in the is also in its
case.
251
Module AR03
English
Read and your Lord is _______.
Allah is ______ in might and ______ in
punishment.
The were ______ in power as compared to
you and ______ in wealth and children.
Fire of the Hell is ______ in heat.
Neither _____ than this nor ______.
Definitely, the reward of the Hereafter is
_______.
Verily he was _______.
Who is ______ than Allah in speech.
Who is ______ than the one who forges a lie
against Allah.
So that He may test you that which one of
you does ______ deeds.
For Him, there are ______ names.
Do you want to replace that which is _____
to that which is superior.
The word of whom is _____ than that of one
who called towards Allah and did good
deeds.
Worth Reading
Form of religious rituals is very important but their real spirit is
more important. Read the details in:
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE02-0017-Spirit.htm
252
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English
They will be giving drinks from a _____
_____.
He is _____ _____.
You are ____ _____.
(I start) in the name of Allah who is _____,
______.
Allah is ______ of what you do.
That is the _____ ______.
So in them, there will be _____ and _____.
Verily, He is ______ about what you do.
When Moses returned to his nation, he was
______ and sorrowful.
When ______ made their deeds attractive
for them.
You have, other than Allah, neither _____
nor ______.
Worth Reading
Islamic Threat Myth or Reality. An introduction to the book of
John L. Esposito. A detailed analysis about the world Islamic
movements by an American professor who studies Islam and
Muslim Movements in an unbiased manner. The writing is in Urdu.
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/ER/L0012-00-Islamic Threat.htm
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Sectarianism has harmed the religion throughout
the history. Adhere to Islam, not a particular sect.
Adhere to the Prophet, not the leaders of any sect.
!Dear Reader
In this lesson, we will start the study of the
language used in the Quranic Exegesis. We are
are of words whose omitting the
already provided to you.

.
:

.

:
'

'

' :
.

'.
:

:
Word
Explanation

Module AR03
Clarification
Exposing
He explained
He elucidate
Word
Explanation
He clarified
Terminology
Bringing out
Learning
254
Word
Explanation
Something obligatory
collectively
They drew their
attention
They did not go beyond
them
They became famous

' '
:

'
' )( .
'

' '

:

'.

.
:

Word
Explanation
Interpreter
Give him understanding
Explanation
It reached
Riding animal
So that I get from him
They compiled
They wrote books
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Opinions, plural of
Their followers
It is prepared
Approaches, plural of

Two directions or two
approaches
& Based on Hadith
opinions of Companions
Option
Word
Explanation
Features, attributes
It is distinguished
Inside
Our essay
We shall try
Identification
Distinguishing attributes
Logic, Wisdom
255

' : '

' :

.
) '. (69:

' :
' '
'.

' :

'.
'

' :

.

.

.

Word
Explanation

Module AR03
It is intended
Term
It is interpreted as
The blessed one
Word
Explanation
Shooting arrows
Coming near
Death
It is narrated
256
Word
Explanation
Definitely
Students, disciples,

plural of
Rich
Proved

.

.

Word
Explanation
A writer or compiler of a
book
The written or compiled
book
Applying reason to
understand the religion
Interpreter
Word
Explanation
Instructions that abrogate
the previous ones
The abrogated
instructions
Two points of view
Well-thought view
Styles of expression,
plural of
)Difference (of opinion
Meaning
It does not vilified

Module AR03
What is based on a reliable argument
257
Word
Explanation
Absolutely
It is based on
Reliable
Vilified, dispraised
Personal desire (to
)commit evil
It supports
It declares right

.
.

' : ' ) (15: :
' :

'
. :

.

.

) . :

( www.islamweb.org
Word
Explanation
The restricted it
The turn to
It is reconciled /
interpreted
He brought
It fall under the category
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Atheist
Enjoyment
Pleasures
Getting benefit of
Desires, appetite
258
Word
Explanation
It fits
Related to terminology
They issued it
Scholars of later periods
Dominant

'
'

)(1

:

'

310 .

'
.
.

'
) (2
'

:

468 .

Word
Explanation
Source
They relied on
Search light
Revelation, coming
down gradually
Springs
Opinions, plural of
Value
There is no precedent
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
He explained
Miracle
The art of syntax,

on a word putting
Organization
Eloquence
It gave
He became an expert
Knowledge
Encircling
259
The art of Arabic

eloquence
Literature
Magic
Word
Explanation
Excellence, expertise
It dressed
Sight
It hanged

Do you know?
Introduction to Different Areas of Knowledge related to Islam
Ilm-ut-Tafsir: This is one of the greatest areas of knowledge related to Islam. It has various subdisciplines e.g. Principles of the Quranic Exegesis (
), Quranic Vocabulary, Grammatical
Issues of the Quran, Quranic Theology, Quranic Jurisprudence, Quranic Teachings about Personality
Development, Different Readings of Quranic Words etc.
Ilm-ul-Hadith: Hadith is the description of the knowledge and practice of the Prophet
about the religion. It has also various sub-disciplines e.g. Principles of checking the Authenticity of a
Hadith (
), Hadith Vocabulary, Theological and Juristic issues of Hadith, Biographies of
Hadith Narrators, The Art of Checking the Reliability of a Hadith Narrator etc.
Ilm-ul-Fiqh: It is the art of applying the teachings of the Quran and the Sunnah on practical life. It is
also called 'Islamic Jurisprudence'. Its sub-disciplines include two parts i.e. Principles of Applying the
Quranic & Hadith-related Instructions to the Practical matters of life (
;)and the edicts of
ancient jurists. As discussed earlier, there are various schools of thought in Islamic Jurisprudence. Six
of them are famous i.e. Hanafi, Maliki, Shafii, Hanbali, Zahiri and Jaafari.
Ilm-ul-Kalam: It is the body of knowledge containing the creed of Islam. It is called 'Islamic
Theology'. It discusses the teachings of the Quran and Hadith about God, His Prophets, the Day of
Judgment etc. It has also various schools of thought. The most famous of them are Asharites,
Mutazila, Shias and Maturidis (
).
Ilm-ul-History: It is the body of knowledge containing historical information. It is called
All of above disciplines are called because they are based on transfer from earlier generations.
There are some other disciplines which are based on human intellect. They include
Ilm-ul-Mantiq: It is called the 'Logic'. It is mainly based on Aristotelian logic. In Middle Ages, it was
widespread among the Muslim intellectuals.
Falsafah: It is called the 'Philosophy'. In the Middle Ages, it included a large number of present-day
disciplines including Philosophy, Metaphysics, Sociology, Political Science, Psychology, Physics,
Astronomy, Biology and Economics.
These two disciplines are called because they are based on human intellect and logical process.
A scholar expert in both of them was called
Face the Challenge!

260
and the
?
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606.

) (3

:

.
'
'
.

Word
Explanation
Relevance
Chapters of the Quran
He did in an artificial
manner
Useless items
He indicates
Rules
The art of Principles of
Jurisprudence
Vastness, extension
Module AR03
Explanation
Word
Debates on disputed
issues
Preference
Refutation
Those who disagree

A theological school of
thought of Middle Ages
Another school opposite
to Asharites
A theological issue
about attributes of Allah
Word
Explanation
Philosophers of
Middle Ages
Views
He switches rapidly
between
Related to Theology
They feel
Description
Issues, legal decisions
He refutes
261
'
) (4 :
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671 . :

.
.

: '
) (5
'

' ' .
774

) (6 :
'

' 745 .

'
) (7 :

' 1250

) . (
Word
Explanation
Related to Jurisprudence
Facing, exposure
He gave importance to
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)Readings (of text
Word
Explanation
Word
Different forms
Long
Detailed
Issues
262
Explanation
Reader of Quran, plural
of
Schools of thought,
plural of

Summarized, abridged
Abridged, summarized

'.
' :

. ' '

.
.

.

:

.
:

: .

.
Word
Explanation
Seeking refuge of Allah
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Starting
I seek protection
I fortify myself
He harm me
He deviate it
Word
Explanation
Word
He incite me
I was forbidden
Request
One who is stoned, the
rejected one
Explanation
Short form of
Name
It means
Inclusion in
Expelled

263
in meaning of It is on the weight of
'.
' :
'
'.

:

.

.

:

.

.

:
.
:

:

:
.
.

: .
:
.

.

:

'.

' :
Word
Explanation
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I start with
I open with
Blessed
More general
Dispraise
Word
Explanation
Planner, Organizer
Matters, plural of

One who executes his
powers
He rewarded / rewards
Show us
264
Word
Explanation
Support us
Clear
Twists, curves,
hindrances
They did not follow the
right path
Similar, plural of
.
:

''

.

.

:

.

:

'' :

'

' ' :

' .
.

. : . :
Word
Explanation

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Noun with a
preposition
Two related to
Hidden, omitted
Omitted words
My start
It is omitted
It is joined
Word
Explanation
. It is written but not read in joining words. without The
Word
Explanation
In writing
Attached
Distant
Bringing early
Limiting something
A type of verb
)(discussed in Level 4
265
Built by
Being a transitive verb
Explanation
Explanation with a
conjunction
It is brought
Negative emphasis
: . :

.

:

.
.

'
'
' '

'.
.
' :

) (50-15:49
' :
'.

Worth Reading
?How to get rid of poverty? Is there any shortcut available
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE03-0004-Poverty.htm
Explanation
Word
Word
Inside
So that they praise

They count it
Linking, making a
It is general without any

specification
Module AR03
Explanation
Describing attributes
Intimidation
Invoking desire,
opposite of
Being fearful to Him
Inclination to Him
266
Word
Explanation
It contains inside it
Adherer
!Inform
Punishment
Hopeless
'.
' :

) (78:38

.
. :

.

''

:
' '

. ' '

.

Rule of the Day
before it, it will have only a single fathah, case. If a noun has an By default, all nouns are in their
kasrah or dhammah at its end.
?Do you know
In Arabic Sermons, it is common practice to change 1st person to 2nd and 2nd to 3rd etc in order to draw
attention of the audience. This is common in the Quran. For example, in Surah Fatiha, Allah is described
. as 3rd person, then suddenly, the reciter calls Him as a 2nd person. It is called
Word
Explanation

Module AR03
It is specified to
The claim, they call
Right
We specify You
Submission
Word
Explanation
Word
Hope
Seeking help
)Reliance (on Allah
Disapproval
Force, power
267
Explanation
It changed
Being third person
Second person
Drawing attention: In
Arabic, pronouns are
changed to draw
attention of the audience
.

:

:
'

'
:

'

'

.

.

:
. ' :

:
)'. (4:69
.

.

Word
Explanation
Submission, delegation
It fits, it is appropriate
Module AR03
It is followed by
Question, seeking
something
Perfect
Word
Explanation
The one who is asked
He guided
Guidance
Word
Explanation
So that we are rescued
We become successful
Endurance
Support
Reaching to something
268
' ' ' : '' '.' : '.

. '' ' : '
''.

'
'
'
:
!' ' :

'.

' ' :
.

:

.

' ' .

.

.

.

Word

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Explanation
They changed
Lack of knowledge
Important Point
It includes
Explanation
Word
Glorification
Requiring
High
The Day of Judgment
269
Word
Explanation
Begging
Being a god
Declaring pure from
Being steadfast
Dear Reader!
In this lesson, we shall summarize the discussion of last
twelve lessons. We have discussed different verbs and
nouns derived from one set of source letters. They are
depicted in the table below:
Meanings
One who became
merciful once
One who was
treated mercifully
Place or time of
being merciful
Merciful
permanently
Extremely
Merciful
More or the Most
Merciful

Physical and moral growth of your
family is your responsibility.
( )

Meanings
He became
merciful
He was treated
mercifully
He becomes / will
be merciful
He is / will be
treated mercifully
(O You!) Be
Merciful!
He should be
merciful
*Practically this word is not used in Arabic

** You know that the rules to make the 2nd
person in is different. Thats why
both 1st and 2nd persons are provided here.
He should be
treated mercifully
He should not be
merciful
He should not be
treated mercifully

**

This table provides a summary of the entire group of words created from three letters
the Minor Table (

. It is called
). You already know the rules to derive 14 words in each verb and 6 words in
each noun. These 6 words in each noun will become 18 if you know the rules to convert them into
forms. If you make the complete tables from this Minor Table, it will contain 220 words. The
set of these complete tables is called the Major Tables () . All these words are derived from a set
of just three letters. These three letters are in their pure form in the first word of . Due to this, it
is called .
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Test Yourself
First make the Minor Table and then make the Major Tables for each for the pair of words. First word
( ) of in active voice are given in this table. Its

is also given. You
have to adjust the meaning to make it an appropriate verb or noun. The answer is not provided.
English
Drunk condition
Lazy condition
Quarreling person
Dumb
English
Blue
Steadfast, patient
Thankful,
recognizer
Cruel, offender,
Thankless, denier
Ignorant
Forgiver, pardoner
The major one,
more in number
Greater or the
greatest
More or the most
respected
To intoxicate, to drink
intoxicants
To be lazy
To quarrel, to offer discount on
sales
To be or become dumb
To be or become blue
To be patient / steadfast
To be thankful, to recognize
To deny, to become thankless
To be ignorant
To increase
To become great
To be respectful / generous
Note: All words you will create may not necessarily be used practically in Arabic.
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Following Allah Almighty and His Prophet
means that we should follow their instructions and reject
those of others contradicting to their instructions.
!Dear Reader
In this lesson, we are providing the
biography of the second rightly-guided
. Caliph, Umar the Great
)23-13644 -634 /(
) (.

.

.
.

' :

'.

Word
Explanation
Embassy, diplomacy
It fixed
He was given the title of
Word
Explanation
Announcement of
prophethood
He strengthened
Venerable, fearful
Word
Explanation
One who tied me

It was hidden
Soft heart, weeping
lightly
The year of elephants i.e. the year in which Makkah was attacked by a force of elephants. It became a referral
point in their history to count the number of years.
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272

' :

'
' :
' :
'.:
.
'.

'

' :

!
.
'.' :
'
' : '.' :
'.' :
'.
.
.

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' :
.

'. ' :

'.' : 2'.

) (1 5/617 3681
7/48 3/304 (2) .2907
/ 178-1/177
Word
Explanation

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We traveled
Going
His trap, his hunting
mission
You teased us
You subdued us
Word
Explanation
A place of coming out, an

abode
He may accompanied you
Hopeless
His strength
It appeared
273
Word
Explanation
He guessed
Strengthen! Give
!respect
Old
It exposed
He fought

1.

' :

'.:
' : !
'.
' 2'.

) (1 / (2) .67 .1/25
Word
Explanation
Eloquence, fluency
Bravery
Righteous, one who
talks in righteously
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Number
Word
Explanation
Covering body modestly
Sincerity
Bequest
They appointed him their
agent
274
Word
Explanation
He governs
I use my intellect
I neglect you
!Select

' :

1'.

' :

!

2'.

.
) (1 (2) .46 4 65 .
Word
Explanation
He believes without
any doubt
An immoral person
I appoint as a Caliph
after me

Module AR03
I am not neglectful
I intend
On who returns
Word
Explanation
He was given the oath of
allegiance
He left after him
He climbed
Say (You all!) Amen: 'O
'Lord! Accept it.
!Make me soft
Hardness, harshness
275
Word
Explanation
Your enemies, plural of
Corruption
Having insufficient
capability
!Make me active
Incidents, plural of
It became clear
Word
Explanation
Policy
Firmness
Planning
Organization
Administration
Finance
He drew, he established
Guidelines
Areas, plural of

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Taking care of
Interests
Word
Explanation
He allows
Suit, garment
Winter
Summer
She-camel
Riding
Edible items
Average
Governors
Leaders
It expresses
276
Word
Explanation
Responsibility
It faces
Confidence
Country
Firmness of decision
It did not become soft
Facing
Demands
Conditions
It became free
Area
) (1

) (2

.

) (3

.

) (4

.

) (5

) (6
Word
Explanation
Departments, plural of
He established
Military
Ministry
Defense
Word
Land tax
He started
He appointed
Judges, plural of
Module AR03
Explanation
Reporters, plural of
Calendar
He organized
Mail
General public
He patrolled at night
Land
Original people
Word
Explanation
He divided
Provinces
Salary
Determined
Noble status, plural of
Noble descents, plural of
Originating
Cities, plural of
Fighters
277
:

.

)

(

15 :

...

' '

...

.

Word
Explanation
Continuation
Continuation
He drew his attention
His attention
He became satisfied
He inclined to
To lead
Army, military
Collection, majority
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
They advised
Remaining
He appoints
It settled
Event, battle
He felt
Danger, risk
Word
Explanation
Historians
Trained
Preparation
Equipment
Military man, soldier
Experienced
Elephants
Coming
He estimated
278

'. ' :
' :

'. ' :
'.

Word
Explanation
They faced each other
An astonished person
It changed
Submissive people
It make them satisfied
Quantities
They become hungry
They attacked
Cushions, plural of
Golden
Table cloths, bed sheets
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Silk
Rubies, a precious
stone, plural of
Instruments
Expensive
Crown
It dazzle
Bed
Ragged, worn-out
Sword
Shield
Horse
279
Word
Exaggerated show-off
Belittlement
He set foot on
Carpet
Cushions, plural of
Explanation
Having firm steps

Weapons
Shield
Helmet
Put of
(O you all!) Allow

Source:
www.en.wikipedia.org
Roman
Empire
Persian
Empire
280
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. ' : ' ' :

.

'.

' : ' ' :

'
.

.

Word
Explanation
He leaned on
Lance, spear
He torn
He sent us
Narrowness
He refused
We lead to
Place / time of promise
Module AR03
Success, victory
Word
Explanation
Respite, time
They give him time
Suffered
Elephants, plural of
They frightened
Horses, plural of
They were accustomed to
Looking at it
Heroes, plural of

281
Word
Explanation
Wind
It destroyed
Military camp
They fled
He got martyred
He supported
They became frightened
It shrank
Darkness

:

' :

'
.
15 :

.
.

Word
Explanation
Jerusalem
You make reconciliation
It is obtained
Leaders, plural of
Module AR03
Emperor
He became weak
Raiders, attackers,
plural of
Word
Explanation
Defeat
Insurgents
Facing
Victories
He gathered
Tributaries, plural of
River
He made responsible
282
Word
Explanation
He organized
They were not aware of
it
Cavalry
They separated
Infantry
They withdrew
It fell down
Brave, courageous

18

. ''

19 .

'.
Word
Module AR03
Explanation
They fell upon
They fall down
Hard, strong
Ally
Approximately
At that time
Owned, possessed
Their religion was
Word
Explanation
Religion
They embraced
They treat badly
They fatigued
Taxes, plural of
They allow
He penetrated
Sand, desert
283
Word
Explanation
Sinai, the peninsula
between Egypt & Arab
Resistance
Garrison
A town near Port Saeed
They besieged
A town near Cairo
Forts, plural of

Province

.

.

.

.

.
) ' '
(
Rule of the Day

in case, gender, is following its , you will find that the In
will always , the number and specification. On the contrary, in
case. be in
!Face the Challenge
Prepare a chart containing all rules mentioned in this book. The
number of pages should not exceed three.
Word
Explanation
Slave, boy
He was named
Magus, ancient religion
of Iran
Knife, dagger, poniard
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
He stabbed
Navel
He fled
Word
Explanation
Captured
Definitely
Committing suicide
He passed by
284
Lesson 14A: Ghair Munsarif, Huroof Similar to Verbs, Badl & Nouns Conditions
Dear Reader!
Arabic Grammar consists of two disciplines i.e.
. Level 1 & 2 were focused on . Weve
completed a phase of at Level 3 while the second
phase will be completed at Level 4. In the last two lessons of
Level 3, well discuss a few remaining concepts of .

While reading the Quran, dont
assume some views in your mind and
mold the Quranic directives into the
structure of those views. Mold your
views according to the Quran.
Weve studied at the beginning of this course that there are certain nouns who remain the same in their
condition. An cannot be added before them and their last letter cannot carry a tanveen. They are
called or . The rules of identifying such nouns are as follows:
It is the name (
) of a person, nation, city etc. fulfilling one of the following conditions:
(Isaac),
(Ishmael),

( Abraham),

(Jacob),
( Thamud), ( British), ( German),
( Egypt),
( Joseph),
(London), ( Paris),
(Lahore), ( Karachi), ( Dehli) etc.

etc.
An Arabic feminine name e.g.
An Arabic masculine name having a round at its end e.g.

etc.

An Arabic name having an at its end e.g.

etc.
An Arabic name having a at its end e.g.
etc.
An Arabic name coming at the structure of e.g.
( names of people), ( Saturn),
( Rainbow), ( A famous god of Arab mythology) etc.
An Arabic name made by two nouns without any relation e.g.

( A famous Arab wrestler),
( A city of Lebanon)
( A city of Yemen) etc.

It is an adjective ( )fulfilling one of the following conditions:
It is at the structure of
whose feminine adjective is at the structure of , e.g.
(Thirsty),
( Fresh, full of juice),
( Hungry), ( Satisfied, opposite of hungry),

(Drunk, intoxicated), etc. if the feminine is at some other structure, it will be .

but there is no round at the end of its feminine noun e.g.

etc. On the contrary,
(widowed man) is because its feminine is
(widowed
A name of a Non-Arabic language e.g.
woman).
Following few adjectives are
i.e.
etc.

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but there is no round at the end e.g.

etc. If there is a round at the end, it will be e.g.
( doctors) etc.
There is a / due to femininity or plurality e.g.
( angry),
(pregnant), ( bustard),
( sick), ( gifts) etc. If this is original and not due to femininity or plurality, the word will
be e.g.
etc.
There is a due to femininity or plurality e.g.

(desert),
( red), ( rich people),
( glory), ( straight people) etc. If this is from the original source letters and not due to
femininity or plurality, the word will be e.g.
etc.
The adjectives mentioning colors (both masculine & feminine) are i.e.

etc. The plural of these

colors is at the weight of for both masculine and feminine and it is i.e.

etc.
The adjective is a number at the structure of

( twice or thrice or

e.g.
four times) etc.
Exception to the Rules

In following circumstances, the rules of
are not followed. They are made in these cases:

If is added to an , it becomes e.g.
etc. Here are
but they are made by adding an to them.
etc. Here the
A , which is made a in a , becomes e.g.
word is but it is made because it is a to .

If a Non-Arabic name has only three letters and it is also not feminine, it is used as e.g.

etc but
will remain because they are feminine and Non-Arabic.

( In the home of another
An Arabic name is used as a common noun e.g.
Talhah) etc.
In poetry or poetic-prose, a
is made in order to fit the word in the structure of the poem

e.g. as Amr Ibn Kalthum said:

( a glass Ive drunk at Baalbak)
Those words whose last letter is and they are at the structure of but their is deleted normally,
( meanings), ( girls), ( clubs) etc. Actually they are .

will be e.g.

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Test Yourself (1)
The
words are depicted in red color, identify the symbols and reasons of being .
Also identify the reasons of not applying the rule of being ( if it is not applied). See examples:
Reason of
converting a
to
Not applicable
(N/A)
is added, so it is
given a kasrah
Reason for being
Symbol for being
Non-Arabic name
Fathah in case of
& no

Structure of
None
Face the Challenge!

How the of
nouns are depicted?
287
Module AR03
Reason of
converting a
to
Reason for being
Symbol for being
Rule of the Day: You already know that there are certain nouns who do not change their . They are
called . These nouns are assumed to carry
according to their situation. For example, in

the sentences
the word is in three different conditions
respectively but its are not changed practically. Its are assumed. This concept is called
and the are called .
288
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Symbol for being
Reason for being
Reason of
converting a
to

) (George

)(

)(

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289
Sometimes, we say a word and then provide its details to clarify different aspects. This is called

. For

(Where is your brother . Hashim?) etc. There is an understood phrase between
and which is 'I mean' or 'that is' or 'i.e.'. The word is called while is called .
example
It has four types

: If
is the same as , it is called

e.g.

(Where
is your brother . Hashim?) Because and are the same.

: If

( I read
, it is called e.g.

the book i.e. its chapter.) Because is a part of .

: If is neither a part nor exactly equal to , but it clarifies certain aspects of
, it is called e.g.
( This book amazed me i.e. its style). Here
is neither whole nor a part of but it is clarifying the aspect.

: If a person speaks a wrong word by mistake and then speaks the right word, it is
called e.g.
( Give me the book, [no, I mean] the pen). If it is due to
forgetfulness, it is also called . Here is the right word but the word was spoken by
is a part of
mistake. It is extremely rare in Arabic books but common in day-to-day conversation.

The can be anything e.g. a noun, a verb or a sentence.
The objective of using a is that the attention of audience is drawn towards the noun twice. For example

, The word is not required but when a person will speak
, a question will arise
in the mind of the audience, 'which brother???' then will strike again in his mind.
Rule of the Day!
In Arabic, there is a unique concept which is called the

. It means that a plural

noun is made further plural at a second stage. For example e.g.
( a way or method) is
a singular. Its plural is
, while its plural of the plurals is
. In some words, it may
be made plural onto several stages. The last plural is called
. It usually

comes at the weight of

.
Face the Challenge!
In Arabic, how a person is related to his/her tribe, city or

country?
290
Module AR03
Test Yourself (2)
Identify both
in the following by giving them different colors. Describe the type of .
English
They ask about the sacred months i.e.
fighting in them
Dont you look at the camels i.e. how
they are created?
And to the sky i.e. how it is raised?
And to the mountains i.e. how they are
fixed?
And to the earth i.e. how it is spread?
Guide us to the straight path i.e. the path
of those whom You blessed upon
The pilgrimage of the House (of Allah)
is obligatory on the people for Allah i.e.
(for those) who are able to find a way
towards it
When their brother i.e. Noah said to
them, 'Dont you fear?'
Moses said to his brother i.e. Aaron
Has the information of armies reached
you i.e. (those of) Pharaoh & Thamud?
When Abraham said to his father i.e.
Azar
The Mother of Muslims i.e. Ayesha was
a great scholar
I saw the great sculpture i.e. the Sphinx
I climbed at the mountain i.e. half of it
The book tore i.e. its cover
Look at the desert i.e. the road
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Some Special Conditions of Nouns

There are some special conditions of nouns which are used in Arabic. They are three:
: In order to give sense of 'small / little' in a noun, a is added inside the original noun. The letter

before carries a and the one before it carries a . It is called . For example, ( a slave),
( a little slave),
( a name), ( a little Talhah), ( a red-faced woman), ( a little red ( Indians),
( little Indians), ( a
( two men),
( too young men),
faced woman),
key),
( a small key), ( a king), ( a little king) etc. Usually it is used widely in the Arabic
names. The person who is given the name of something small, may not necessarily be a little person. He
may be given this name in love or due to his little stature or young age or due to any other reason.

: Sometimes,
. It has no
impact on meaning. The objective is to draw attention. For example, ( O my Lord!),
( O my
( O my friend),
Lord!),
( O my friend),
( O Harith), ( O Harith),
( O

Mansoor),
( O Abbas) etc.
( O Mansoor),
( O Abbas),
while calling someone, last letter of a word is omitted. It is called
: In order to relate a person to a city, tribe, country etc., a

is added to the name of that city, tribe,
( Makkah), ( An inhabitant of Makkah),
country etc. It is called . For example,
(Madina),
( An inhabitant of Madinah),
( Quraish Tribe), ( a person belonging to Quraish),
( Ali),
( A person in Alis progeny),

( Tai Tribe), ( a person belonging to Tai Tribe),
(Ray, a city in Central Asia),
( A person belonging to Ray), ( Abu Hanifa), ( a follower of
Abu Hanifa) etc. Usually it is used widely in the Arabic names. In English, the letter i or ian is added
for that purpose.
Rule of the Day
is added before a , it gives the sense of expressing a hope. For example

means 'I hope that he will understand.'
If the word
Do you know?
While studying literature of a nation, it is essential to know the history, economic conditions, political
conditions, social values, views, phantoms, festivals, customs, traditions etc. of that nation in order to
understand the words, phrases, metaphors etc. completely. Various books have been written on these
aspects of Pre-Islamic Arabian Society. The most detailed is by
Worth Reading: Quranic Arabic Program: A program to teach the Arabic used in Islamic Literature.
Visit http://www.mubashirnazir.org/Courses/Arabic/AR001-00-Arabic.htm to download further levels.
292
Module AR03

Take care of animals and plants around
you. They are living organisms are need
your care. Allah will reward you for that.
!Dear Reader
In this lesson, we are providing you the biographies of two
. Rightly-guided Caliphs i.e Uthman and Ali
They were among the great companions of the Prophet
and contributed a lot towards Islam.
) 35 - 23(

:

.

. :

.

' :
) '. (15/169
were not yet invented. Do you know? During the time of companions, Arabic script was not developed.
released the There was risk that people may differ in reading the Quran. Therefore, the Caliph Uthman
original copies of the Quran which were prepared according to the pronunciation of Quraish, and distributed them
widely in order to prevent this problem.
Word
Explanation
Initial
Those who were provided
with good news
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
He trusts
He visits him
293
Word
Explanation
They rushed
One having a soft
nature

:

'

'.
' :

. ' :

'.
) (7/53

. :
:

) . ( 3/202

.
:

'..
' :
1. A military expedition sent at a time when the Muslims were facing a lot of financial difficulties.
Word
Explanation
Ohad, a mountain at
Madina
We consider equal
)We prefer (one over other
Module AR03
One who respect

Its sacredness
Word
Explanation
Taking risk of
Perform Tawaf of Holy
Kaaba
Sacrifice
The most pleasant
He took seriously
294
Word
Explanation
He prepared
Difficulty, poverty
He scattered
He turns it over
It harmed
- - ' :

.
'.

' :
.

'.

. .

!
. ' :

.

'.

.

.
Word
Explanation

Module AR03
His glorious deeds

)He dug (a well
He is satisfied
He hesitated
Word
Explanation
He appointed a Caliph
Group
It became common
Alteration, distortion
295
Word
Explanation
He fights
We make a copy
A book of ancient age
written on paper, cloth,
leather etc. and bound
within wooden slates

.

:

34

5

'

'

.

6

:7

8
.
English version of these words is: (1) Byzantine (2) Cyprus (3) Rhodes Island (4) Mediterranean Sea (5) Alexandria
(6) Countries in West of Egypt i.e. Libya, Tunis, Algeria & Morocco. (7) Nubia, North part of Sudan (8) Tunis
Word
Explanation
Founding, establishing
Module AR03
Navy
Governor
)Fleet (of ships
For defense
Word
Explanation
Attacks, raids
Beaches, plural of
Masts (of a ship), plural
of
Ships, plural of
They connected to each
other
296
Word
Explanation
They penetrated
They became successful
Its directions
Plains
They collided

2
1

' '

.
3

.

.

(1) Caspian Sea. (2) Asia. (3) Maru, a town near Caspian Sea
. Face the Challenge! Prepare a list of situations when a noun is given

Word
Explanation
Module AR03
Word
It extended
Area
They chased
Sympathetic
Those who hate
Explanation
Straight
Hypocritically
He traveled in a round
trip
Cities, plural of
Direction
297
Word
Explanation
He persuaded
He faced
Both of them promised
Argument
It was forged against him

' :

' ' :
'.

' :

' :

'
' :

.

.

.

35 .
.

(1) The word 'Al-Mushaf' is used to describe a particular copy of the Quran. It is not a synonym of the
Quran. It is used only for a specific copy of the Quran.
Word
Explanation
Fake, forged
Short way
He encountered
They searched him
Module AR03
Your blood
They besieged
Word
Explanation
Insurgents, rebellious
He tried
He asked by giving an
oath
To put
He attacked
He defended it
298
Word
Explanation
It sprinkled
Soon Allah will be

enough for you
It wrote
Quranic Surahs from
She defended him

He intended to kill her
) 40 - 35(

.
.

.

.
' :
' ' :

'.

.
:
..
.

:

.

. !
'.

'
Word
Explanation
Two grandsons (sons of
)daughter
Dust, soil
He lie down on one side
It touched directly
Children, plural of
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Protection, shelter
He took care of
So that he reduces
Cooperation
At that time
299
Word
Explanation
He desolates
He loves
Its flowers, colors,
enjoyments
Loneliness
It became hard and rough

:
:
' :

'
.
' :

'.
'.
' :

!' ' :
'.
' ' :
' :

.

.

.

Word
Explanation
Happy, pleased
It became an obstacle
Two forts
)Flag (of an army
They thought and
discussed
Module AR03
He complains
Word
Explanation
Word
Eye infection
He became healthy
Pain, infection
He did not care about
He take risk of his life
Bed
300
Explanation
They insisted
Rescue, get rid of
Dilemma, problem
Insurgents, revengeful
Commanding, leading
They threatened

!

' :
.
Word
Explanation
Word
)We give time (to you
You become free

They followed it
Anarchy, disorder

Module AR03
It was renewed
Its events
Explanation
By hook or crook
Enemies
Affliction, trouble
Planning
He dismissed
Punishment
301
Word
Explanation
At that time
It become stable
Acceptance, confession
Emphasis
Retaliation, punishment
Start
(
.

' :

) '. (13/318

36 :

' :

) '. (4:114

' ' :

' :

'.' : ' :

'.:
'.' :
' ' :
'

...'.
' ' :
...
!Rule of the Day
If you have to express 'one of them . while the other..' in Arabic, you use the words

(So it was accepted from one of them but not accepted
Word
Explanation
Mutual dispute
He decided
Rewarded
One who did right
One who committed
a mistake
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
It resulted
Exploitation
Malicious people i.e.
Abdullah Ibn Saba etc.
Two sad events
Reconciling hearts
302
Word
is used e.g.

from the other one).
Explanation
Calming
Disturbed
Similar to
Their secret conversation
We intend

.

37 :
:

:

:

:

. :

Word
Explanation
Word
Explanation
Their mutual agreement
He prepared goods for her
Arms, weapons
Breach of agreement
Module AR03
He fought
Bitter
It was injured
Howdah, seat of camel

Waling
Equal to the distance of
Both of them wrote letters
to each other
Hatred
303
Word
Explanation
They reached
Fights, battles
Under control of
They were removed
Decisive
Balance

.

.
'

'

. 38

.
Do you know?
'Khawarij' was a rebellious group who declared that Caliph Ali and Muawiyah are infidels. They were
extremists in their views. They used to declared everyone other than their own group as 'infidels'. They used to make
it lawful to kill others and take their wealth. Caliph Ali launched a military expedition against them which
destroyed their power. After that, they continued arranging small revolts against Caliph Muawiyah but failed. After
a long struggle, they were destroyed completely. Some of their moderate sects like Ibadhi are still present at Oman.
Throughout the Muslim History (including the modern age), similar rebellious groups emerged who declared
everyone except them as 'infidel' and revolted against the established governments.
Explanation
Chasing
Their people who fled
from the battlefield
Their wounded people
He did not curse them
He did not take their
wealth as war booty
Word
Explanation
It stopped
They raised an objection
Minority
They declared infidels
The made it lawful
He treated
Rebellious against the
state
Word
304
Explanation
Prevention of
bloodshed
That they will be

destroyed
They rescued them
He stopped
For a long time
Arbitration, settling a
dispute
He feared
Word
Module AR03
40

.' :
' : '.

'.

'.
' : '. ' :
' ' .

1 41

. ' :

' :

'.
'. ' :
'
is used for having an agreed-upon government. It is opposite to the situation of anarchy. 1. The word
Word
Explanation
Two friends
It continued
We relax
Ill be enough from your
)side (to kill
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
Poisoned
He failed
Having one Government,
opposite to anarchy
He is mobilizing
305
Word
Explanation
To seek information
He received
Battalions
For long periods of time

( : )
:' ).

' : .
(

' : .

' :' .

' . ' : (' : ' ):' .

'.
':

.

' :
.
'.

Rule of the Day!
If you search for someone and find him, you say 'O! He is here!!!', you use the words
. In order to
describe that 'O! Im here!!!!' is used. Youve to adjust the pronouns accordingly. For example
.
. .

. .
Do you know?
One of the painful debates in the literature of Muslim History is the analysis of mistakes of Caliph Ali &
Muawiyah . We should seek refuge of Allah from that. Both of them were the great
companions of the Prophet . We should respect both of them and avoid such debate due to
three reasons: (1) The Prophet asked us not to blame his companions. (2) It is a useless debate which will
not provide any benefit in our salvation. (3) The information available in the books of history is extremely
distorted. In the second century, the extremists of different sects opponent to these two companions
created a huge junk of fictitious reports about both of them. Such reports are available in the history books
are extremely unauthentic. Therefore, we can never reach to a right conclusion.
Explanation
It became true
Chief
Two groups
Word
Explanation
Word
It is harmed by
He guarantees
He abdicated
306
Explanation
Both of you present it to
Both of you demand
So they came to him
Word
Module AR03

Dear Reader!
You may have seen a lot of nouns carrying a . There are
seven reasons for giving a to a noun.
( )

( )

( )

(
)


Develop the love of Allah & His
Prophet. Spend some of your time in
Allahs cause.
(
)

Weve study all of them in this lesson:
They are the words in a sentence which indicate the time of some activity described in that sentence. For
example

( Zaid is busy day and night) etc. Here are because they are
that indicates the time. It is called because the task is performed at some time.

They are the words in a sentence which indicate the place or direction of some activity described in that
sentence. For example
( Zaids home is behind Hamids home) etc. Here is

because it is that indicates the place. Other include

( along with), ( near),
(before, under),
( in middle
( under),
( in front of), ( above),
( opposite to), ( behind),
of),
( behind), etc. It is called because the task is performed at some place.
This is the object on which some task is performed. For example
( Zaid read a book) etc. Here
is because it is describing the object on which a task is performed.
Face the Challenge! How do you describe the intensity of a verb in

English? How will you do the same in Arabic?

( Zaid stood up due to
respect) etc. Here is because it is describing the reason or of standing. It is called
This is the noun describing the reason of a noun or verb. For example
because the task is performed in order to achieve it.
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Module AR03
This is the noun describing something going along with the activity. For example
( I traveled

is because it is describing the condition of going along. It is

considered when the is not possible to consider a . It is rarely used in Arabic.

along with the road) etc. Here
This is the noun describing the intensity of a noun or verb. For example
(Zaid beat
Hamid badly) etc. Here

is because it is describing the intensity of beating. The reasons for using
( )are as follows:
(Zaid beat Hamid badly). If which is the is omitted, it will become
Emphasis: In order to emphasize on the intensity of a verb, a is used. For example,

(Zaid beat Hamid). This sentence does not emphasize on the intensity of this verb.

( The book was published twice). Here
is of which is the and is .
Description of Numbers: In order to describe the number of activity, a is used. For example,
Explanation of Conditions: In order to explain the condition of a verb (i.e. as an adverb), a is used.
For example,

(He prayed like that of pious people). Here

is describing
the condition of the death.
is used which gives the

meaning of its verb. For example, means
(to be patient) while means
( to be thankful). When
theyll be used with , theyll give meaning of a verb
(Be patient) etc.
( I thank you) ,
Sometimes, certain other words are used as a . They represent the . For example:

: These words are used as a replacement of and are due to this reason e.g.

(He taught Adam all of the names),

(The manager reproached

him lightly),

( Soon the offenders will know that what type of return
Replacement of Verb: Sometimes, the verb is deleted and only the
they will return) etc.
Description of Numbers: If the number is more than three, numbers are used with the . For

( The book was published thrice),
( The book was
published four times). Here, the
are used as a in place of . The is

whose plural is brought as a to these numbers.

example,
308
Module AR03
( Zaid is at the home in
sickness) etc. Here

is because it is describing the condition of Zaid. The describes the
condition of the subject (the person doing the task), the object (on which the task is performed), or the
or in case of a . The must be in accordance with that of the person whose conditions are
This is the noun describing the condition of a person. For example
described in terms of gender and number. It may be a single word or a sentence.

Single Word: It can be used with a
home in sickness),
( Zaid is at the
. For example,

( Zaid came to me while he was riding).

: The may be a instead of a single word. For example,

( The
( I understood the Noble Quran while I am a student),

sisters came while they were weeping).
In such case, a link must be available between the original sentence and the . The link can be:
: It is called the . For example

. Here the word is the link between

the and the original sentence.

. Here the is . There is a
: The link can be the pronoun. For example

built-in pronoun of
i.e. they in the . It is the link between the and the original
sentence.
This is the noun clarifying some doubtful aspect. For example
( Zaid is the most wealthy) etc.

Here is because it is clarifying the confusion caused by . It was not clear that 'Zaid is the
most' in what aspect. clarified that he is the most in wealth. It may be used for measured items or
otherwise:
( Ive a

( I bought a litre of milk),
kilogram of oranges). In these two sentences, are the because they clarify the item
Measured Items: For example,
which I purchased or I have.
Non-Measured Items: For example,

(Hamid is good in character).
( He is better than me in Fiqh),

309
Module AR03

Test Yourself (1)
Describe the type of each in the following statements.
English
Remember Allah a lot.
Allah increased them in sickness.
Believe in what Ive revealed while it is
testifying what is with you.
He made the earth as a bed and the sky as
a roof for you.
You were lifeless, so He gave you life.
Come down out of it together.
He ignited a fire.
Eat from it with ease.
He brought the water down from the
height.
They were given plenty of sustenance in
form of fruits.
Be careful about the day when no person
will be rewarded for anything instead of
another person.
So We made it a lesson.
Enter in the door while prostrating.
So that they buy a small price for it.
He passed through a town while it was
fallen upon its roofs
So We brought a calamity down from the
sky to the offenders.
So 12 springs gushed out of it
310

Module AR03
English
The One Who took His slave from
the Holy Mosque (of Makkah) to the
Mosque of Jerusalem in one night.
Bow down with those who bow
down.
Dont fight with them near the Holy
Mosque.
We sent a Prophet in you who is one
of you.
Those who believe have intense love

for Allah.
I called my nation day and night.
So whoever fear about the testator a
biased inclination or injustice
Youve disbelieved after your faith
Dont make a promise with them
secretly.
Dont hold them in order to harm.
So if you fear (a danger, then pray)
while on foot or mounting.
So He revealed to them to exalt
(Allah) in the morning and evening.
So whoever in you is sick
The man wants to disobey in front of
Him.
So beat them with 80 lashes
Who is the one who give a loan to
Allah as a good loan.
We promised Moses for 30 nights
311
Module AR03
English
Now, Allah has reduced (the responsibility)
on you.
Rivers will flow under it.
Surely, Allah is with the steadfast people.
So eat whatever Allah has given you as a
lawful and pure food.
Proclaim the name of your Lord in the
morning and evening.
We made you a middle group so that you
testify in front of people.
You will grow seven years continuously.
Allah talked to Moses definitely.
They said, 'Now you have brought the truth.'
So what is that after truth except the
deviation?
O my father! Ive seen 11 stars.
So Ill punish them severely.
He knows what is in front of them and what
is behind them.
Allah has raised Saul as a king.
Who is better than Allah in directives?
He reached at the age of 40 years
We caused the springs to gush out from the
earth
312
Module AR03
English
Soon the offenders will know that they will
return what sort of return.
Example of those who spend their wealth in
order to seek Allahs pleasure and as a
firmness from themselves
Allah gave us the faculty of speech, He is
the One Who gave faculty of speech to
everything
Surely, they plot a scheme and I plot a
scheme
He shows you His signs, so which signs of
Allah you deny?
So they should laugh less and weep more
due to the reward they are earning.
You will see each group of people kneeled
down.
So whoever does good equal to the weight
of a particle will see it
You love wealth intensely
We scattered them completely in scattered
fragments.
(I present as an evidence) the snorting war
horses, dashing off sparks by the strike of
their hoofs, making raids in the morning,
and leaving a trail of dust as they dash into
the middle of the gathered (enemy troops)!
Surely man is ungrateful to his Lord
Throw into the Hell every stubborn
disbeliever
Dont kill your children due to fear of
poverty
313
Module AR03
English
Surely your reward is the Hell, an ample
reward
Moses return to his people while he was full
of anger and grief
Surely We opened a clear victory upon you
Those who remember Allah while standing,
sitting or laying on their sides
Leave them in a beautiful way
That you will not speak people for three
continuous nights
Surely, We poured the plenty of water out for
you
Then We broke the earth wide open
We raised him to a high place
Give them a small time limit
Who sells his soul in order to seek Allahs
pleasure
When the verses of The Merciful are recited
in front of them, they fall down in prostrating
and weeping condition
We grew grains, grapes, nutritious
vegetation, olives, dates and lush gardens
(having) fruits and herbage, as a sustenance
for you and your cattle
The Prophet prayed while sitting and people
behind him prayed while standing
314
Module AR03
. For
example

is ,
( All students went except Zaid). Here is ,
while is . Normally, the word is used . Sometimes, other words e.g.
are also used.
is generally but there are rules to determine its . The detail is as follows:
1. If the does not belong to the category of , it will always be . It is called
. For example
( For every decease, there is a cure except the death). Here,
does not belong to the category of , therefore, it is .

2. If the belongs to the category of , and the sentence is positive, the will be

. It is called . For example
( Allah forgives all sins

except the polytheism). Here, belongs to the category of and the sentence is positive,
therefore, it is .
3. If the belongs to the category of , and the sentence is negative or interrogative, the
can either be or its may be according to that of . It is called
. For example
( The students did not come except Hamid [who came]).

/
both are correct because Hamid belongs to the category of students and the sentence
Here,
/
(Have you contacted any anyone other
is negative. Another example is

/
both are correct because Hamid belongs to the category of 'anyone' and
than Hamid?) Here
it is because
is also .
the sentence is interrogative.
( All students went
4. If the words / are used, the will be e.g.

except Zaid),

( All students went except Zaid). The word / both are correct
while is so its will not change.
5. If the words / are used, the will be e.g.

( All students
went except three),

( Remember, whatever is except Allah, is void). If they
are used without , the can be either /.
6. If is not mentioned, of may be any // e.g.
etc.
In order to understand the of , delete the . will be in
because it
This is the style to describe the 'exception'.
is the
has three parts:
315
Module AR03

Test Yourself (2)
Describe the reason of the of each . Write the 'Rule No.' mentioned on the previous page.
3 (negation +
category)
English
They dont deceive anyone except
themselves.
Those of you who die and leave wives,
they should devise a bequest for their
wives for sustenance of one year
without driving them out (of home)
He does not deviate except those who
are morally corrupt.
So whoever wants any (religion) other
than Islam, it will not be accepted from
him
So they prostrated except Iblees
I visited the mosques of the city except
one
There are uneducated people who do

not consider the 'Book' (of God)
anything except their own wishes
I read the book except a page
Dont worship (anyone) except Allah
So what is the reward of that of you
who does so except detestation?
It was not appropriate for them to enter
it except afraid (of God)
He plucked the flowers except a rose.
He plucked the flowers except a rose.
They will not harm you except teasing.
Muhammad is nothing (not a god)
except a Prophet.
316
Module AR03
is used to make a sentence emphatic. When it is added to a

As you have learnt at Level 2 that the word
, it gives to the . The is called '

' while the is called '' . There are
certain other words who act like
. They are called the 'Sisters of '. They are called
because they are similar to verbs in their meaning. Their detail is as follows:
: It also gives to the and makes the sentence emphatic. For example ( Zaid is standing)
will become
( Surely, Zaid is standing).
: It also gives to the and gives the meaning of 'but'. For example
( But Zaid is
standing).
: It also gives to the and gives the meaning of 'as' or 'like that'. For example

(Like that Zaid is standing or as Zaid is standing).
: It also gives to the and gives the meaning of 'because'. For example
( Because
Zaid is standing).
: It also gives to the and gives the meaning of 'I hope that' or 'I fear that' or 'I expect that'.
For example
( I hope that Zaid would be standing).

: It also gives to the and gives the meaning of 'I wish that' or 'I regret that'. For example

( I wish that Zaid would be standing).
Please note that if the is a pronoun. It will be replaced with the pronoun of . For example

(He is standing) will become
( Surely, he is standing). ( You [woman] are standing) will
become
( Surely, you are standing). ( You [women] are standing) will become

(Surely, you are standing).

( I am standing) will become
( Surely, I am standing)
are used to create emphasis. Both of them are combined to express
( Surely, your God is only & only One),

great emphasis e.g.

( Definitely,
(Surely & definitely the weakest of homes is that of a spider)

Rule of the Day! The words
the worst of sounds is that of a donkey) etc.
Do you know?
Pre-Islamic Arabs were very much conscious about their family chain. There were experts who used to maintain the
record of family chain of each person. Their society was divided into different tribes. Describing the virtues of their
tribe and family chain was the favorite topic of their poetry and prose.
317
Module AR03

Test Yourself (3)
Original sentences with meaning are provided. You have to provide the action caused by each red word on
the form and meaning of each sentence.
English
Allah is Powerful over everything.
Surely, Allah is Powerful over everything.
Action by:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
Made emphatic
Gave to the word .
Allah knows what they conceal.
Action by:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
Allah does not hesitate to describe an example.
Action by:
Impact on Meaning:
The punishment of Allah is hard.
Action by:
They are the heads of devils.
Action by:
Impact on Form:
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Module AR03
English
The Day of Judgment may be near.
Action by:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
The entire power is with Allah.
Action by:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
Whoever killed a person without a legal retaliation or as a mischief in the

earth _______
She is great.
Action by:
They witnessed: 'The Prophet is true.'
Action by:
He killed all of the human beings.
Action by:
I died before.
Action by:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
319

Module AR03
English
Those are yellow camels.
Action by:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
Between me and you, there is distance of the East & the West.
Action by:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
Allah will describe the matter after that.
Action by:
Impact on Meaning:
They are hidden eggs.
Action by:
She was the decisive.
Action by:
Majority of them dont know.
Action by:
Impact on Form:
320

Module AR03
English
My nation knows.
Action by:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
He is a patient.
Abraham went to the hospital ______
Action by:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
Allah guides whomever He wants.
Action by:
Impact on Meaning:
Impact on Form:
I didnt come out of home ______

Impact on Meaning:
The weather is cold.
Action by:
We obey Allah and we obey the Prophet.
Action by:
We grew up ages.
Action by:
Impact on Form:
321

Module AR03

Character is higher than intellect. A great soul will
be strong to live, as well as strong to think.
!Dear Reader
In this lesson, we are providing you the laws
of Zakat. It is from the studies of Islamic
Jurisprudence.

'

' :
' )
) .(53:32
' :
.
:

(91:9

...

) '. .(6:141

' :

.

are used e.g.

(Im suffering
Word
Explanation
Growth
Reaching
Minimum amount of wealth
on which Zakat is due
Module AR03
Word
Rule of the Day! In order to express sickness, the words

with a pain),
(youre suffering with cough) etc.
Explanation
A free person, not a
slave
It is made conditional
It passes
322
Word
Explanation
One year
Agricultural produce
Time of its harvest
) ( .

.
.
.

:

:

) (24

.

) (35

) (25
.

Word
Explanation
The animals who eat
grass and herbs
Animals
Cattle, livestock
Camel
Cows
Sheep or goats
Module AR03
Grains, crops
Word
Explanation
Fruits of a garden
Gold
Silver
They agreed
Kinds, species
They based their view
Word
Mules
Donkeys
He should not give
A sheep
Explanation
A one-year old she-camel

Female
Horses
323

.
) (36 ) (45

.
) (46 ) (60

) (61 ) (75
.
) (76 ) (90

.
) (91 ) (120
.
.

) (120

'....
) (30
) (30
).(39
) (40
).(59
) (60
).(69
) (70 ).(79
) (80 ).(89
) (90 ).(99
Explanation
Word
A two-years old shecamel

A three-years old shecamel
Explanation
Word
One year old cow

Two years old cow
A four-years old camel
Module AR03
324
Word
Explanation
Plural of
A she-camel mature
enough for having
sexual intercourse with
a he-camel
) (100 ).(109
) (110 ).(119
) (120 )(129
.

.

:
) (40
) (120 .

) (120 ) (200
.

) (300
.

) (200
) (300
.

'.

.

' :

' :
) '. (6:141

) '. (

Word
Explanation
Word
Buffalos, plural of
Its owner (here it means

)that of animal, not God
Module AR03
Sheep, plural of
Explanation
Trellised
Pomegranates
Word
Explanation
Dates
Weight of Prophets time.

Plural of
, app. 130.6 kg
Careless spender,
waster
325

' :

.' .

1

' :

.' .

.
3

.

1. The idea behind this is that if a farmer is getting water free of charge for his crops, he has to pay a Zakat of 10%
of agricultural produce. If he irrigates his land by paying money for it, he has to pay a Zakat of 5% of the produce.
Zakat can be paid in kind or in cash.
2. 'Qiyaas' is the process of legal reasoning. If a law is described for a particular situation due to a specific reason, it
will also be applicable to the other situations having the same reason. For example, if alcohol is forbidden due to its
intoxication, other items like heroin etc will also be forbidden due to the same reason.
3. At present time, some scholars have applied the process of 'Qiyaas' on industrial production. They consider it
similar to agricultural production. According to their view, it is essential for a industrialist to pay Zakat equal to 5%
of his factory production. Some scholars go further to apply the same to the turnover of service industry.
Explanation
Word
Rice
Corn
Lentils
Beans
Getting benefit of earth
by agriculture
Vegetables
Seeds, plural of
Exploitation
Explanation
Word
Barley
Wheat
A kind of barley
Raisin, grapes
It is derived for similar
things
Food items
Items sold by measure
Storable items
326
Explanation
Word
It is irrigated
Natural springs
Irrigated naturally be
rain or moisture
Irrigated by pumping
from a well
Rivers
Clouds, rain
1/10, plural of

Irrigated by
Module AR03

) 653( . ' :

'.

.

' :
'.

)(
. ' :

:

) '. (9:34
' :

'. .

(1) : :
85 .

) (2 :
' :

'. .
585 .

).(1/40
.

Word
Explanation
Module AR03
It matures
)Its ability (to eat
They store
It will be flatten
Word
Word
Explanation
Plates
It will be heated
It will be stamped
Forehead
327
Explanation
Gram
It is attached
Currency notes (including
bank deposits, shares and
)other forms of wealth
)(
'.

' :
'.
'
'. ' : '.

' :
'. .

. ' :

'...
.
Word
Explanation
)Cloth (for trading

He determined the value
Related to Eid-ul-Fitr
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
A ancient measure,
equivalent to about 2.5kg
Cheese
Slave (his amount will be
)paid by his master
328
Word
Explanation
Generosity
Protecting them
Obscenity
. :

' :

'.

.

' :

) '. (9:60
:
.

-1 :

-2 :
.

:

-3

.
' :
:
.
'.

4 :

.

Word
Explanation
Heads for spending

He limited it
Whose hearts are
required to be won
Module AR03
Slavery
Word
Explanation
Those who have to pay fine
Traveler
Word
Explanation
Remuneration
Fighter
It is not enough for him
He gifted
Workers, collectors
Their harm
329

1
: -5

.

: -6

-7
.
:

-8

:
1. The Quran introduced the law of 'Mukatabat' which means that if a slave wants freedom, he can buy it directly
from his master. The master is bound to give him freedom at an agreed upon price. It will be the responsibility of the
state and rich people of the society to help the slave to get rid of slavery.
Do you know?
At the time of Islam, there were thousands of
slaves. Islam had a strong interest in freedom of
slaves. In addition to a large number of other
steps to freed the slaves, Islam made it a
permanent head in Zakat for manumission of
slaves. After that, Islam introduced a lot of
reforms to settle these ex-slaves in the society
in a respectable manner. You can see the details
in my book 'Abolition of Physical &
Intellectual Slavery in Islam'. It is available at:
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/ER/Slavery/L00
18-00-Slavery.htm .
Explanation
He guaranteed
Loan
Word
that the Judgment will be implemented) etc. Youve to

adjust the pronouns accordingly.
Worth Reading:
Intellectual Slavery in the Muslim World. The author
has analyzed the reasons and practice of intellectual
slavery in the Muslim World.
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/ER/Slavery/L0019-00Intslavery.htm
He will be purchased
Slaves, plural of
Crossing, passing
through
Burden
It
. For example, ( I think

you are a doctor),
( Surely, I consider

you as a victim of magic),
( I consider
The legal agreement between a

slave & his master to buy freedom
requires two
Explanation
Atonement
Rule of the Day!

In order to express that 'I think', you say
Word

330
Explanation
Manumission, freeing
a slave
Manumission, freeing
a slave
Slave
The slave who buy his
freedom
Word
Module AR03

. :
: ' :
-1
'. ' :

. :

'. .

-2
' :
:

'.

' :

) '. (2:183
Word
Explanation
Refraining
Acts which nullify fasting
e.g. eating
Module AR03
Dont be obscene
Word
Explanation
)Dont shout (with anger
He abused him
Smell of mouth
331
Word
Explanation
More pleasant
Musk, perfume
It will be closed.
' :

) '. (2:185 ' :

'. .

' : !
'. .

' ' :

...

. ' :

.
'. .

. ' :
-1

) '. (2:187

' ) (98:5

-2 : ' :

'. .
' :
Word
Explanation
You do it with your own
will
Module AR03
By what
It proves
Observation
Word
Explanation
Word
The moon of the first night

of a lunar month
Reliable
Completion
It is covered by clouds
332
Explanation
Thread
Whiteness
Blackness
He intended

:

1

' :

.
:
'. .

.

.

2

' :
.

'.

3
:

. ' :
:
) '. (2:184
'
' :

'.

'.

Word
Explanation
Sexually mature
Having a sound mind
One capable of
So that they accustom
to
Morning
10th day of Muharram
Module AR03
Word
Explanation
We instruct to fast
Play, game
Cotton
Having unsound mind,
opposite of
Responsible
Word
Explanation
One charged with
Responsibility to perform
deeds
He becomes sexually
mature
An old lady
Long-lived
One who lost something
333

4

' :
' ) (2:185

:
5

6

. ' :
'.

-1

' :

'.

-2 :
' : .
'.
.
.
Word
Explanation
A relaxation is given
Performing a deed after
its required time

Module AR03
Ease
Hardship
Pregnant
Word
Explanation
Suckling mother
Menstruating woman
Women having bleeding
after giving birth to a child
They will perform after the
)required time (Ramadan
Period of purity between
two menstruating cycles
334
Word
Explanation
Deliberately
Forgetful
It passed to him
Vomit
He vomited deliberately
:

-3

-4
. .
) (

-5

:

'
!' ' :
' :
'.
' :

' : ' ' :'.
' ' :'.

' :

' ' :'.

' :

'.

.' :
:
'.
' :

'.

' :
'.
. ' :

Explanation
Word
Explanation
Explanation
Word
Word .

Menstruation
Bleeding after giving

birth to a child
Module AR03
Moment, minute
Semen
Sexual intercourse
Kissing
Touching skin-to-skin
Wet dream
One that nullifies
I am destroyed
Continuous, following
one after another
Poorer, the poorest
Its two volcanic fields

)(surrounding Madina
More needy
It appear
Molar teeth
Basket
335

: ' :
'.

2
: :

'.
'.' : ' ' :
.
: ' :
3
'.

4
.

' :

'.

. :
5
'.

' :
.
Worth Reading:
?The Revolution Occurred. What is the reason of our negative mentality and how to get rid of it
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE02-0010-Revolution.htm
Word
Explanation
Last meal before dawn
to start fasting
Eat the last meal before
dawn
Module AR03
Expediting
Breaking of fast
Word
Explanation
Fresh dates
Dried dates
Small dried dates
He drank, he felt
336
Word
Explanation
Senses
Thirst
It became wet
Veins
6 ' : '.

' :
'.

7

' :

'.

8
:

' :

'.

:

9

.
10
: ' :

'.

Word
Explanation
Cleaning teeth (usually
)with a stick

Module AR03
I count
He clean his teeth
Generosity to give
money
Studying
Word
Explanation
The most generous
He studies
Blowing
Doing effort
He gave life to
337
Word
Explanation
He woke up
He tightened
Veil (in the Mosque for
)concentrating in worship
Arranging food for fastbreaking for others
He arranged food for fastbreaking
Lesson 16: A Special Type of Plural Nouns

Dear Reader!
This the last lesson of this module. We shall discuss a special type of
plural nouns called which is formed without following
any specific rule.

Take care of your parents.
There are certain scales on which is prepared and by recognizing such scales/weights, we can
learn that which word is plural. Just put the respective root letters in place of .

For example, the plural of ( child) is , the plural of ( time) is , the plural of
(noble man) is , the plural of ( rain) is
etc.
For example, the plural of

, the plural of ( witness) is , the plural of
( king) is
( heart) is , the plural of ( army) is etc.
For example, the plural of ( cloth) is

, the plural of ( man) is , the plural of
(elder) is , the plural of ( younger) is etc.
For example, the plural of ( book) is

, the plural of ( boat) is , the plural of
(booklet, magazine) is , the plural of ( way) is etc.

, the plural of ( ruler) is , the plural of
For example, the plural of ( minister) is
(scholar) is
, the plural of ( martyr or witness) is etc.

, the plural of
( month) is , the plural of ( foot) is

(person) is
(eye) is
etc.
, the plural of

, the plural of
(prophet) is , the plural of ( beloved) is
( rich) is , the plural of ( helper, friend) is

etc.

( rider) is , the plural of ( city) is , the plural of
(branch of a tree) is
etc.

, the
( element) is , the plural of ( earthquake) is
plural of
( essence, a precious stone) is
etc.

, the plural
( lamp) is , the plural of ( king) is

of

(case, box) is , ( pig) is , ( garden) is
etc.
, the plural
( student) is
For example, the plural of ( teacher) is , the plural of
of
( angel) is etc.
338
Module AR03
For example, the plural of ( mosque) is , the plural of ( office, library) is ,

the plural of
( scene) is , the plural of ( place of murder) is etc.
For example, the plural of ( key) is , the plural of ( key) is , the plural of

( letter) is , etc.
For example, the plural of ( finger) is , the plural of ( ear) is etc.

and only a single vowel can come on their last letter.
.
They are

It is also possible that the a noun may have multiple plurals. For example, the plurals of

( sea) are

. Some words may have more than one meanings. It is possible that its plural in one style may
have one meaning while the other plural may have a different meaning. For example, the word means a
slave of a man or a slave of God. Its plural means slaves of a man while means slaves of God.
Please note that some of these scales are
339
Module AR03

Test Yourself (1)
Identify the
in each of the following sentences and try to find out its singular in a dictionary.
English
When they were asked to believe like other
people, they said: Should we believe like
foolish people?
You were lifeless, We gave you life.
They place their fingers in their ears.
Call all of your witnesses besides Allah, if you
are truthful.
We have explained the arguments.
O Adam! Tell name their names.
Surely, wine, gambling, altars (of idols) and
arrows (of seeking an omen) are a filthy Satanic
practice.
Allah made the Kaaba the sacred house for
worship of people (and He sanctified) the
sacred month, sacrifices and neckbands (of
animals of sacrifice.)
Only the learned people from Allahs slaves
fear Him.
Surely, the mosques are for Allah. Do not call
anyone besides Him.
There are established books in it.
Rivers will flow beneath it.
On that day, people will be brought in groups
so that they could be shown their deeds.
The mark of prostration (during prayer) is
evident on their faces.
Do not raise your voices above the voice of the
Prophet.
340

Module AR03
English
Now, is it not the time for believers that their
hearts bow down for remembering Allah.
We sent down iron which is very strong and
there are benefits for people it.
When the stars will scatter.
When the seas will be torn apart.
When the graves will be emptied out.
When they heart (the Quran) revealed on the
Prophet, you saw that tears flew out of their
eyes.
Allah will not make you accountable for void
oaths.
When We made (some people) among you
prophets and (some ones) among you kings.
When our messengers came to them with clear
arguments.
O our Lord! We did wrong with ourselves.
My Lord has only forbade lewd things.
Behold! All matters are taken back to Allah.
He is the One who created pairs of everything
and created boats and animals for you, which
you ride.
We created means of sustenance for you but
few of you are thankful.
We adorned the first heaven with lamps (stars.)
He spread lot of men and women.
Wipe you heads and (wash) your feet including
ankles.
341

Module AR03

)Test Yourself (2
Try to make plurals of the nouns given here. You have already read most of them.
"
)&(#$%

('

Module AR03
342
Whats Next?
In Level 3, you have learnt further Arabic at Intermediate Level. Now you can understand the most
part of the Quran, Hadith and Islamic literature. At next level, you will continue learning Intermediate
Arabic. At the end of Level 4, you will be able to fluently read the Arabic books, Insha Allah. That
will be the last level for Intermediate Arabic. You will study advanced concepts of at Level
4. Some highlights are as follows:
The Groups of
Arabic Sentences containing Verbs
Different Types of Abnormal (Deceased) Verbs & Derived Nouns

Some Advanced Concepts of
In addition to that, you will also see more advanced passages from the Quran, the Hadith, the Quranic
Exegesis, the Hadith Commentary, the Islamic Jurisprudence, Arabic Literature and writings of
ancient scholars. Your vocabulary will be developed up to the extent that you will be able to read any
Arabic book related to Islam without frequently consulting to a dictionary.
So continue Level 4 for completing the Intermediate Arabic.
Worth Reading
Personality Development Program. A series of articles at
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/Personalityenglish.htm
343
Module AR03
Bibliography
Following sources are consulted during preparation of this book:

.

Module AR03
344
For other series of the Islamic Studies Program, visit www.mubashirnazir.org
345
Module AR03

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Quranic Arabic

At the end of this level, youll be able to understand

Lesson 1A: The Source & the Weight

Lesson 1B: The Last Part of the Quran

Lesson 2B: A Collection of Hadith

Lesson 3A: The Past Tense: Active Voice

Lesson 3B: The Biography of Abu Bakr Al-Siddique

Lesson 4A: The Past Tense: Passive Voice

Lesson 4B: The Law of Physical Purity

Lesson 5A: The Present & Future Tense: Active Voice

Lesson 5B: Communication in the Arabic Language

Lesson 6A: The Present & Future Tense: Passive Voice

Lesson 6B: Quranic Socio-Economic Teachings

Lesson 7A: The Groups of and the Source Noun

Lesson 7B: Hadith Commentary

Lesson 8A: Special Forms of Past Tense

Lesson 8B: Two Mothers of Believers

Lesson 9A: Special Forms of Present & Future Tense

Lesson 10A: Instructing and Forbidding Verbs

Lesson 10B: Arabic Idioms

Quranic Arabic Program

Lesson 11A: The Derived Nouns

Lesson 11B: Two Explorers of the Truth

Lesson 12A: Further Derived Nouns

Lesson 12B: The Art of Quranic Exegesis

Lesson 13A: Minor and Major Tables

Lesson 13B: Umar the Great

Lesson 14B: Caliph Uthman & Ali

Lesson 15A: Mansubaat

Lesson 15B: The Law of Zakat & Fasting

Lesson 16: A special type of Plural Nouns

Quranic Arabic Program

Rule of the Day

Build Your Personality

Face the Challenge!

This box will challenge you which will help

Quranic Arabic Program

Ask Your Questions

Quranic Arabic Program

Set-up Your Resources

Open 'Regional and Language Options' from Control Panel

Press 'Keyboards and Languages' tab.

Press 'Change keyboards' button

Press 'Add' button

Select 'Input Language: 'Arabic'

For Windows XP Users

Open 'Regional and Language Options' from Control Panel

Choose Language tab.

Press Apply to proceed

Press Details button.

Press Add button.

Select the default 'Arabic (102)' keyboard.

Press 'OK' and then 'Apply'.

The Holy Quran

Open 'Regional and Language Options' from Control Panel

Check that Sakhr Dictionary is working.

Quranic Arabic Program

Lesson 1A: The Source & the Weight

Build Your Personality