Conditions Required For Paralleling
Conditions Required For Paralleling
Conditions Required For Paralleling
The figure below shows a synchronous generator G1 supplying power to a load, with another generator
G2 about to be paralleled with G1 by closing switch S1. What conditions must be met before the switch
can be closed and the 2 generators connected?
If the switch is closed arbitrarily at some moment, the generators are liable to be severely damaged, and
the load may lose power.
If the voltages are not exactly the same in each conductor being tied together, there will be a very large
current flow when the switch is closed. To avoid this problem, each of the three phases must have
exactly the same voltage magnitude and phase angle as the conductor to which it is connected.
Thus, paralleling 2 or more generators must be done carefully as to avoid generator or other system
component damage. Conditions are as follows:
a) RMS line voltages must be equal.
b) The generators to be paralleled must have the same phase sequence. If the phase sequence is
different (as shown here), then even though one pair of voltages (the aphase) is in phase, the
other 2 pairs of voltages are 120 out of phase. If the generators were connected in this manner,
there would be no problem with phase a, but huge currents would flow in phases b andc,
damaging both machines.
c) Generator output phase angles must be the same.
d) The oncoming generator (the new generator) must have a slightly higher operating frequency as
compared to the system frequency. This is done so that the phase angles of the incoming
machine will change slowly with respect to the phase angles of the running system