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    Nota - Pronouns

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    Sukarni Bt Paiman
    Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns. There are several types of pronouns: 1. Personal pronouns include pronouns like I, you, he, she, it, we, and they. They have person, number, gender, and case. 2. Demonstrative pronouns include words like this, that, these, and those. They can be used as determiners or qualifiers. 3. Reflexive/intensive pronouns end in "self" or "selves" like myself and ourselves. They reflect or intensify nouns or pronouns. 4. Indefinite pronouns include words like someone

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    Nota - Pronouns

    Uploaded by

    Sukarni Bt Paiman
    237 views8 pages
    Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns. There are several types of pronouns: 1. Personal pronouns include pronouns like I, you, he, she, it, we, and they. They have person, number, gender, and case. 2. Demonstrative pronouns include words like this, that, these, and those. They can be used as determiners or qualifiers. 3. Reflexive/intensive pronouns end in "self" or "selves" like myself and ourselves. They reflect or intensify nouns or pronouns. 4. Indefinite pronouns include words like someone

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    Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns. There are several types of pronouns: 1. Personal pronouns include pronouns like I, you, he, she, it, we, and they. They have person, number, gender, and case. 2. Demonstrative pronouns include words like this, that, these, and those. They can be used as determiners or qualifiers. 3. Reflexive/intensive pronouns end in "self" or "selves" like myself and ourselves. They reflect or intensify nouns or pronouns. 4. Indefinite pronouns include words like someone

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    237 views8 pages

    Nota - Pronouns

    Uploaded by

    Sukarni Bt Paiman
    Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns. There are several types of pronouns: 1. Personal pronouns include pronouns like I, you, he, she, it, we, and they. They have person, number, gender, and case. 2. Demonstrative pronouns include words like this, that, these, and those. They can be used as determiners or qualifiers. 3. Reflexive/intensive pronouns end in "self" or "selves" like myself and ourselves. They reflect or intensify nouns or pronouns. 4. Indefinite pronouns include words like someone

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    of 8

    PRONOUNS

    Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns.


    Every pronoun must have a clear antecedent (the word for which the pronoun
    stands).
    KINDS OF PRONOUNS

    A. Personal Pronouns:


    SINGULAR PLURAL
    subjective objective possessive subjective objective possessive
    1
    st
    person I me my, mine we us our, ours
    2
    nd
    person you you your, yours you you your, yours
    3
    rd
    person he
    she
    it
    him
    her
    it
    his
    her, hers
    its
    they

    them their, theirs


    Personal pronouns have the following characteristics:

    1. three persons (points of view)
    1st person - the one(s) speaking (I me my mine we us our ours)
    2nd person - the one(s) spoken to (you your yours)
    3rd person - the one(s) spoken about (he him his she her
    hers it its they their theirs)
    Examples

    2. three genders
    feminine (she her hers)
    masculine (he him his)
    neuter (it its they them their theirs)
    Examples


    3. two numbers
    singular (I me my mine you your yours he him his she her hers it its)
    plural (we us our ours you your yours they them their theirs)
    Examples


    4. three cases
    subjective (I you he she it we they)
    possessive (my mine your yours his her hers our ours their theirs)
    objective (me you him her it us them)
    Examples - subjective case


    Examples - possessive case


    Examples - objective case


    NOTE: Because of pronoun case, the pronoun's form changes with its function in the
    sentence. Follow this link to pronoun case for more information.

    B. Demonstrative Pronouns:



    Demonstrative pronouns can also be used as determiners.

    Example:

    Hand me that hammer. (that describes the noun hammer)

    Demonstrative pronouns can also be used as qualifiers:

    Example:

    She wanted that much money? (that describes the adjective much)


    C. Reflexive / Intensive Pronouns : the "self" pronouns


    These pronouns can be used only to reflect or intensify a word already there in the
    sentence.

    Reflexive / intensive pronouns CANNOT REPLACE personal pronouns.

    Examples:

    I saw myself in the mirror. (Myself is a reflexive pronoun, reflecting the pronoun I.)

    Ill do it myself. (Myself is an intensive pronoun, intensifying the pronoun I.)


    Note: The following words are substandard and should not be used:

    theirselves theirself hisself ourself




    D. Indefinite Pronouns:

    Singular:

    one someone anyone no one everyone
    each somebody anybody nobody everybody
    (n)either something anything nothing everything


    Examples:

    Somebody is coming to dinner.
    Neither of us believes a word Harry says.
    Plural:

    Examples:

    Both are expected at the airport at the same time.
    Several have suggested canceling the meeting.
    Singular with non-countables / Plural with countables:

    Examples:

    Some of the dirt has become a permanent part of the rug.
    Some of the trees have been weakened by the storm.
    Indefinite pronouns use apostrophes to indicate possessive case.
    Examples:

    The accident is nobodys fault.
    How will the roadwork affect one's daily commute?
    Some indefinite pronouns may also be used as determiners.
    one, each, either, neither, some, any, one, all, both, few, several, many, most
    Note the differences:

    Each person has a chance.

    (Each is a determiner describing person.)


    Each has a chance.

    (Each is an indefinite pronoun replacing a noun.)


    Both lawyers pled their cases well.

    (Both is a determiner describing lawyers.)


    Both were in the room.

    (Both is an indefinite pronoun replacing a noun.)
    E. Interrogative Pronouns:

    Interrogative pronouns produce information questions that require more than a yes
    or no answer.
    Examples:

    What do you want?

    Who is there?
    F. Relative Pronouns:

    Relative pronouns introduce relative (adjectival) clauses.



    Note: Use who, whom, and whose to refer to people.
    Use that and which to refer to things.

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