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DESIGN OF THE QUESTION PAPER

PHYSICS - CLASS XII
Time : 3 Hrs. Max. Marks : 70
The weightage of the distribution of marks over different dimensions of the question paper shall be as follows:
A. Weightage to content/ subject units
Unit Marks
Electrostatics 08
Current Electricity 07
Magnetic Effect of Current & Magnetism 08
Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating current 08
Electromagnetic Waves 03
Optics 14
Dual Nature of Matter 04
Atoms and Nuclei 06
Electronic Devices 07
Communication Systems 05
Total 70
B. Weightage to form of questions
S.No. Form of Questions Marks for each No. of Total Marks
Question Questions
1. Long Answer Type (LA) 5 3 15
2. Short Answer (SA I) 3 09 27
3. Short Answer (SA II) 2 10 20
4. Very Short Answer (VSA) 1 08 08
TOTAL - 30 70
C. Scheme of Options
1. There will be no overall option.
2. Internal choices (either / or type) on a very selective basis has been given in five questions. This internal
choice is given in any one question of 2 marks, any one question of 3 marks and all three questions of 5
marks weightage.
D. A Weightage of about 15 marks in total, has been assigned to numericals
E. Weightage to difficulty level of questions.
S.No. Estimated difficlty level Percentage
1. Easy 15
2. Average 70
3. Difficult 15
A weightage of 20% has been assigned to questions which test higher order thinking skills of students.

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SAMPLE PAPER I
XII - PHYSICS
Time : Three Hours Max. Marks : 70
General Instructions
(a) All questions are compulsory.
(b) There are 30 questions in total. Questions 1 to 8 carry one mark each, questions 9 to 18 carry two marks each,
questions 19 to 27 carry three marks each and questions 28 to 30 carry five marks each.
(c) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question of two marks, one
question of three marks and all three questions of five marks each. You have to attempt only one of the given
choices in such questions.
(d) Use of calculators is not permitted.
(e) You may use the following physical constants wherever necessary :
c = 3 x 10
8
ms
-1
h = 6.6 x 10
-34
Js
e = 1.6 x 10
-19
C
o
! =
1 7
A m T 10 x 4
" "
$
Boltzmann constant k = 1.38 x 10
23
JK
-1
Avogadros number N
A
= 6.023 x 10
23
/mole
Mass of neutron m
n
= 1.6 x 10
-27
kg
1. Two identical charged particles moving with same speed enter a region of uniform magnetic field. If one of these
enters normal to the field direction and the other enters along a direction at 30
0
with the field, what would be the
ratio of their angular frequencies?
2. Why does a metallic piece become very hot when it is surrounded by a coil carrying high frequency alternating
current?
3. How is a sample of an n-type semiconductor electrically neutral though it has an excess of negative charge carriers?
4. Name the characteristics of electromagnetic waves that
(i) increases
(ii) remains constant
in the electromagnetic spectrum as one moves from radiowave region towards ultravoilet region.
5. How would the angular separation of interference fringes in youngs double slit experiment change when the
distance of separation between the slits and the screen is doubled?
6. Calculate the ratio of energies of photons produced due to transition of electron of hydrogen atom from its,
(i) Second permitted energy level to the first level, and
(ii) Highest permitted energy level to the second permitted level
7. Give expression for the average value of the a c voltage
V = V
0
Sin
t %

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over the time interval t = 0 and t =
8. How is the band gap, E
g
, of a photo diode related to the maximum wavelength,
m
, that can be detected by it?
9. Keeping the voltage of the the charging source constant, what would be the percentage change in the energy stored
in a parallel plate capacitor if the separation between its plates were to be decreased by 10%?
10. Explain how the average velocity of free electrons in a metal at constant temperature, in an electric field, remain
constant even though the electrons are being constantly accelarated by this electric field?
11. How is the resolving power of a microscope affected when,
(i) the wavelength of illuminating radiations is decreased?
(ii) the diameter of the objective lens is decreased?
Justify your answer.
12. What is the basic difference between the atom or molecule of a diamagnetic and a paramagnetic material? Why are
elements with even atomic number more likely to be diamagnetic?
13. Why are infrared radiations referred to as heat waves also? Name the radiations which are next to these radiations
in electromagnetic specturm having
(i) Shorter wavelength.
(ii) Longer wavelength.
14. The following data was recorded for values of object distance and the corresponding values of image distance in
the experiment on study of real image formation by a convex lens of power +5D. One of these observations is
incorrect. Indentify this observation and give reason for your choice:
15. Two students X and Y perform an experiment on potentiometer separately using the circuit diagram shown here.
S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6
Object distance 25 30 35 45 50 55
(cm)
Image distance 97 61 37 35 32 30
(cm)

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Keeping other things unchanged
(i) X increases the value of distance R
(ii) Y decreases the value of resistance S in the set up.
How would these changes affect the position of null point in each case and why?
16. The following table gives the values of work function for a few photo sensitive metals
S.No. Metal Work Function
(eV)
1. Na 1.92
2. K 2.15
3. Mo 4.17
If each of these metals is exposed to radiations of wavelength 300 nm, which of them will not emit photo electrons
and why?
OR
By how much would the stopping potential for a given photosensitive surface go up if the frequency of the incident
radiations were to be increased from 4 x 10
15
Hz to 8 x 10
15
Hz?
Given h = 6.4 x 10
-34
J-s, e = 1.6 x 10
-19
C and c = 3 x 10
8
ms
-1
17. Prove that the instantaneous rate of change of the activity of a radioactive substance is inversely proportional to the
square of its half life.
18. What does the term LOS communication mean? Name the types of waves that are used for this communication.
Which of the two-height of transmitting antenna and height of receiving antenna - can affect the range over which
this mode of communication remains effective?
19. The following data was obtained for the dependence of the magnitude of electric field, with distance, from a
reference point O, within the charge distribution in the shaded region.

(i) Identify the charge distrubution and justify your answer.
(ii) If the potential due to this charge distribution, has a value V at the point A, what is its value at the point ? 3

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20. A charge Q located at a point is in equilibrium under the combined electric field of three charges q
1
,q
2
, q
3
. If the
charges q
1
, q
2
are located at points and respectively, find the direction of the force on Q, due to q
3
in terms
of q
1
,q
2
, . 3
21. 12 cells, each of emf 1.5V and internal resistance , are arranged in m rows each containing n cells connected
in series, as shown. Calculate the values of n and m for which this combination would send maximum current
through an external resistance of .

OR
For the circuit shown here, calculate the potential difference between points B and D

3
22. A beam of light of wavelength 400 nm is incident normally on a right angled prism as shown. It is observed that the
light just grazes along the surface AC after falling on it. Given that the refractive index of the material of the prism
varies with the wavelength as per the relation
calculate the value of b and the refractive index of the prism material for a wavelength .
[(Given = Sin
-1
(0.625)]

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3
23. Three students X, Y, and Z performed an experiment for studying the variation of alternating currents with angular
frequency in a series LCR circuit and obtained the graphs shown below. They all used a.c. sources of the same r.
m. s. value and inductances of the same value.
What can we (qualitatively) conclude about the
(i) capacitance value
(ii) resistance values
used by them? In which case will the quality factor be maximum?
What can we conclude about nature of the impendance of the set up at frequency w
o
?
3
24. An equiconvex lens with radii of curvature of magnitude r each, is put over a liquid layer poured on top of a plane
mirror. A small needle, with its tip on the principal axis of the lens, is moved along the axis until its inverted real
image conicides with the needle itself. The distance of the needle from the lens is measured to be a. On removing
the liquid layer and repeating the expriment the distance is found to be b.
Given that two values of distances measured represent the focal length values in the two cases, obtain a formula for
the refractive index of the liquid.
3

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25. A circular coil having 20 turns, each of radius 8 cm, is rotating about its vertical diameter with an angular
speed of 50 radian s
-1
in a uniform horizontal magnetic field of magnitude 30 mT. Obtain the maximum
average and r. m. s. values of the emf indued in the coil.
If the coil forms a closed loop of resistance , how much power is dissipased as heat in it? 3
26. The nucles of an atom of , initially at rest, decays by emitting an -particle as per the equation
It is given that the binding energies per nucleon of the parent and the daughter nuclei are 7.8 MeV and 7.835 MeV
respectively and that of -particle ia 7.07MeV/nucleon. Assuming the daughter nucleus to be formed in the
unexcited state and neglecting its share in the energy of the reaction, calculate the speed of the emitted -particle.
Take mass of -particle to be 6.68 x 10
-27
kg. 3
27. Define the term modulation index for an AM wave. What would be the modulation index for an AM wave for
which the maximum amplitude is a while the minimum amplitude is b ? 3
28. Two circular coils X and Y having radii R and respectively are placed in horizontal plane with their centres
coinciding with each other. Coil X has a current I flowing through it in the clockwise sense. What must be the
current in coil Y to make the total magnetic field at the common centre of the two coils, zero?
With the same currents flowing in the two coils, if the coil Y is now lifted vertically upwards through a distance R,
what would be the net magnetic field at the centre of coil Y?
OR
A straight thick long wire of uniform cross section of radius a is carrying a steady current I. Use Amperes
circuital law to obtain a relation showing the variation of the magnetic field (B
r
) inside and outside the wire with
distance r, ( ) and ( ) of the field point from the centre of its cross section. Plot a graph showing the
nature of this variation.
Calculate the ratio of magnetic field at a point above the surface of the wire to that at a point below its
sruface. What is the maximum value of the field of this wire? 5
29. State the principle which helps us to determine the shape of the wavefront at a later time from its given shape at any
time. Apply this principle to
(i) Show that a spherical/ plane wavefront contiunes to propagate forward as a spherical/plane wave front.
(ii) Derive Snells law of refraction by drawing the refracted wavefront corresponding to a plane
wavefront incident on the boundary separating a rarer medium from a denser medium. 5
OR
What do we understand by polarization of a wave? How does this phenomenon help us to decide whether a

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given wave is transverse or longitudinal in nature?
Light from an ordinary source (say a sodium lamp) is passed through a polaroid sheet P
1
.The transmitted light is
then made to pass through a second polaroid sheet P
2
which can be rotated so that the angle ( ) between the two
polaroid sheets varies from O
0
to 90
o
. Show graphically the variation of the intensity of light, transmitted by P
1

and
P
2
, as a fuction of the angle . Take the incident beam intensity as I
0
. Why does the light from a clear blue portion
of the sky, show a rise and fall of intensity when viewed through a polaroid which is rotated? 5
30. A student has to study the input and output characteristics of a n-p-n silicon transister in the Common Emitter
configuration. What kind of a circuit arrangement should she use for this purpose?
Draw the typical shape of input characteristics likely to be obtained by her. What do we understand by the cut off,
active and saturation states of the transistor? In which of these states does the transistor not remain when being
used as a switch?
OR
Input signals A and B are applied to the input terminals of the dotted box set-up shown here. Let Y be the final
output signal from the box.
Draw the wave forms of the signals labelled as C
1
and C
2
within the box, giving (in brief) the reasons for getting
these wave forms. Hence draw the wave form of the final output signal Y. Give reasons for your choice.
What can we state (in words) as the relation between the final output signal Y and the input signals A and B ?

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MARKING SCHEME - I
PHYSICS
CLASS - XII
Q. No. Value Points Marks
1. 1 : 1 1
2. Large induced current produced due to electromagnetic induction heats up the metallic piece. 1
3. The charge of the excess charge carriers gets balanced by an equal and opposite charge of the ionized cores
in the lattice 1
4. (i) Frequency
(ii) Speed in free space 1/2 each
5. No effect
(or the angular separation remains the same) 1
6. We have

Ratio =
7.
8. We have

or
9.

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Q. No. Value Points Marks
10. We have

= zero (Random nature of motion and collisions)

= constant
as , the average time between collisions, remains contant under constant temprature conditions
11. (i) It increases +
(ii) It decreases +
(iii) Justification
12. The atom/molecule of a diamagnetic material has zero net magnetic moment. For a paramagnetic material it is
not so. 1
With an even atomic number, the electrons in an atom of an element can pair off, which can makes the net
magnetic moment of each pair as zero. This makes the element more likely to be diamagnetic. 1
13. Infrared radiations get readily absorbed by water molecules in most materials. This increases their thermal
motion and heats them up. 1
(i) visible light (ii) Microwaves +
14. Focal length of the lens
Obervation at S-No-3 is incorrect
This observation is incorrect because for an object distance lying between f and 2f, the image distance has to be
more than 2f. 1
15. For student X, the null point would shift towards right (i.e. towards B)
[Increase in R decreases the potential gradient. Hence a greater length of wire would be needed for balancing the
same emf.]
For student Y, the null point would shift towards left (ie. toward A) [A decrease of S would decrease the terminal
p.d.V across the unknown battery ( V = E - ir and increases as S decreases] and hence a smaller
length (for the same potential gradient) would be needed for balancing it] 1
16. Energy of a photon of the incident radiation

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Q. No. Value Points Marks
1
This being less than the work function of Mo, there would be no photo-emission from Mo.
OR

1
17. Instantaneous Activity




18. LOS line of sight
Waves used space waves
It is both - the height of transmitting antenna as well as the height of the receiving antenna that affects the range of
the mode of communication. 1
19. We observe that the field magnitude
(i) Varies as the inverse cube of the distance of the field point along one line.
(ii) Has a magnitude half of its magnitude (at an equidistant point) on the line perperdicular to this line.
These properties tell us that the given charge distribution is a (small) electric dipole centered at the reference
point O. The point A is an equatorial points for the given dipole. Hence potential of A
I
= zero. 1

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Q. No. Value Points Marks
20. We have

For equilibrium, we must have

or
Hence
The direction of is given by the direction of the vector
1
21. The equivalent internal resistance of each row of n cells in series = nr.
The net equivalent internal resistance of the combination =
Net equivalent emf of the combination = n x E (E = emf of one cell)
Current drawn by R


For maximum current, the denominator should be minimum.
This happens when, 1

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Q. No. Value Points Marks
1
OR
We can draw the circuit explicitly as shown. The current distribution can be taken as shown. Applying Kirchoffs
second law to loops BADB and DCBD, respectively, we get the equations:

- 2I
1
+ 2 - 1 - 1x I
1
-

2I
2
= 0 or 3 I
1
+ 2 I
2
= 1
and, -3(I
1
- I
2
) + 3 - 1- 1 x (I
1
- I
2
) + 2 I
2
= 0 or 4 I
1
- 6 I
1
= 2
Solving, we get I
1
= and I
2
= 1
P.D. between B and D
(Point B is at a higher potential w. r. t. point D)
22. The ray must fall on the surface AC at just the critical angle, The angle of incidence at the face AC equals
Hence =
c
. 1

&
The refractive index for =5000 A
0
is given by

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Q. No. Value Points Marks

23. (i) We have C
1
= C
2
= C
3

&
Resonant frequency is same for all three and we are given that L has same value for all
(ii) We have R
1
<R
2
<R
3

&
Band width for X< Bandwidth for Y< Bandwidth for Z
Max.current for X>Max. current for Y> Max.current for Z
Student X has the maximum value for the quality factor because the bandwidth is least in this case.
The impedance at the resonant frequency is purely resistive is nature.
24. The liquid layer can be regarded as forming a plane concave lens.The first value ( ) of the measured distance
is, therefore, the focal length of the combination of the given lens and the liquid lens. The second value ( )
represents the focal length of the lens itself. Hence, if f = 16 is the focal length of the liquid lens, we have
or
But, 1
,
25. When the normal to the plane of the coil makes an angle with the direction of the magtnetic field, the flux linked
with it is

Average Emf = Average of Sin over a cycle = Zero

rms value of Emf =

(90)
Q. No. Value Points Marks
Power dissipated =
26. Total B.E. of parent Nucleus
= 7.8 x 235 MeV = 1833MeV
Total B.E. of daughter nucleus
= 7.835 x 231 MeV = 1809.9MeV
Total B.E. of -particle
= 7.07 x 4 MeV = 28.28 MeV
Increase in B.E. after the reaction
= [(180.9+28.28) - (1833)]MeV = 5.18 MeV
This is the energy released in the reaction, since it assumed to be taken up totally by the -particle,
mv
2
= 5.18 x 1.6 x 10
-13
J

27. The modulation index ( ) for an AM wave equals the ratio of the peak value of the modulating signal (A
m
) to the
peak value of the carrier wave (A
c
)
Given that

1
28. We have

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Q. No. Value Points Marks
The coil Y must carry this current in the anticlock wise sense. When the coil Y is lifted through a distance R, its
centre becomes an axial point for coil X. Hence
1
Also
Magnitude of net field =
1
This net field is in the direction of the field due to the coil Y, i.e; perpendicular to its plane and directed vertically
upwards. 1
OR
Consider a closed path of radius r inside the cross section of the wire. The current enclosed by this path is

By Amperes circuital law,

or
1
Outside the wire, the field of the wire is given by

The relevant graph is, therefore, as shown.

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Q. No. Value Points Marks
1
If B
1
and B
2
, denote respectively, the values of the magnetic field at points above and below the
surface of the wire, we have

The maximum value of the field is at r = a. we have

29. Statement of Huygens Principle 1

Diagram showing the propagation of a spherical wavefront as a spherical wavefront.
Diagram showing the propagation of a plane wavefront as a plane wavefront
Diagram showing the incident and refracted wavefronts.
Derivation of Snells law of refraction
OR
Meaning of the term polarization 1
Polarization is possible only with transverse waves and not with longitudinal waves
Incident Intensity = I
o
,

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Q. No. Value Points Marks
Through P
1

1
The light passing through P
1
remains constant
The light passing through P
2
varies with as per the relation, I
2
= I
1
cos
2
The light coming from a clear portion of the sky is nothing but sunlight that has changed its direction due to
scattering by molecules in the earths atmosphere. This scattered light is polarised. It, therefore, shows a variation
in intensity when viewed through a polaroid on rotation. 2
Through P
2
30. Circuit diagram for drawing the input and output characteristics. 1
Typical shape of the input characteristics.

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Q. No. Value Points Marks
Cut off Stage : When the input voltage is less than a minimum value ( 0.6V for Si), there is no current flow in
the input or output sides of the transistor. The transistor is then said to be in its cut-off stage. 1
Active Stage : This is the stage of the transistor when the input is greater than about 0.6 V and there is some
current in the output path. 1
Saturation stage : With increase in the input voltage beyond a certain value, the output voltage decreases and becomes
almost constant at a near to zero value. The transistor is then said to be in the saturation state. 1

The Transistor does not remain in the active stage when it is being used as a switch.
OR
The output C
1
is the output of an AND gate having and B as its two inputs.
The output C
2
is the output of an AND gate having A and as its two inputs.

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The output Y is the output of an OR gate having C
1
and C
2
as its two inputs.
Using the truth tables for AND and OR gates, we can or therefore get the wave forms shown for C
1
, C
2
and Y.

Looking at the shapes of A, B and Y, we can say that :
(1) The output Y is low when both A and B are high.
(2) The output Y is high when one of the input signals is high while the other is low.
1
1
1