Contents of schematics-20000228

Note: There is some duplication in this archive, some schematics show up multiple times in various formats. I know about it, you don't need to mail me, I don't plan on fixing it right now, down the road yes - but not right now. schematics-20000228/ File 3btone.ps 4bandeq.ps ab3pcb.ps angrybd3.ps axgrindr.ps b_gsynth.pdf bclipper.ps bigmufpi.ps biphase.gif bl_delux.gif bosssg1.ps brighten.ps cln9powr.ps controfz.ps crybaby.ps dodcomp.ps dodenvf.ps dodfx75.ps dodoverd.ps dualpabb.ps dublbeat.ps eh16secd.ps ehbsters.ps ehfuzzwa.ps electra.ps eq.ps fblender.ps foxfzwah.ps fuzz001.ps fuzz002.ps fuzzface.ps geuoctv.ps grnring1.ps harmswtn.ps ibnzbe10.gif ibnzpt90.gif ibnzts9.ps jhfface.ps jordan.ps jordan_bosstone.gif jshfuzz.ps kaytrem.ps korgngt1.gif korgoct1.gif korgpeq1.gif korgphs1.gif korgtnb1.gif lbgmuff.ps maefuzz.ps mboomer.ps mboomer2.ps mfuzrite.ps motionff.ps mtsfuzz.ps mu-tron3.jpga mufffuzz.ps Description Simple 3 Band Tone Control PAiA 4 Band EQ, 35Hz to 15kHz range Angry Beard 3 PCB Angry Beard 3, germanium fuzz pedal PAiA Axe Grinder, distortion pedal EH Guitar & Bass Microsynth Dan Armstrong Blue Clipper, distortion pedal EH Big Muff Pi, distortion pedal Bi-Phaser Fender Blues Deluxe Boss Slow Gear SG-1, attack delay effect 2 Frequency Brighteners Ultra-Clean 9VDC Power Supply Gretsch Controfuzz, distortion pedal Dunlop Cry Baby Wah-wah pedal DOD Compressor 280A DOD Envelope Filter 440 DOD FX25 Flanger DOD Overdrive 250 Dual Preamp & A/B Box Roland Double Beat, fuzz wah EH 16 Second Digital Delay, partial 5 EH Tone Boosters EH Fuzz-Wah (volume too) Electra Distortion, guitar overdrive module 10 Band Graphic EQ Fender Blender, fuzz pedal Foxx Fuzz-Wah Unknown fuzz pedal Unknown fuzz pedal Dallas Arbiter Fuzz Face Guitar Effects Unit, octaver fuzz pedal Dan Armstrong Green Ringer, pseudo ring modulator Harmonic Sweetener Ibanez BE10, 7 Band EQ Ibanez PT90, phase shifter Ibanez TS9 Tube Screamer, distortion pedal Dunlop Jimi Hendrix Fuzz Face Jordan Boss-Tone Jordan Boss-Tone JSH Fuzz, model FZII Kay Tremolo Model T-1 Korg NGT-1 Noise Gate Korg OCT-1 Octaver Korg PEQ-1 Parametric EQ Korg PHS-1 Phase Shifter Korg TNB-1 Tone Booster EH Little Big Muff, distortion pedal Maestro Fuzz Maestro Boomerang, wah-wah Maestro Boomerang 2, wah-wah & volume Mosrite Fuzz-Rite, distortion pedal PAiA Motion Filter/Follower Modified Tube Sound Fuzz Mutron Mu-Tron III EH Muff Fuzz

mxrdistp.ps mxrhott.ps obphaser.ps octavia.bmp olsonns.ps panner.ps pcrat.ps pcratb.ps pipebomb.ps preamps.ps purple.gif rd.ps reverb.gif screverb.ps shrdmstr.ps smixer.ps smlstone.ps soulprch.ps spreader.ps thrmndat.ps thrmnpcb.ps thrmnsch.ps tonebstr.ps toneccts.ps tremoloc.ps tubedist.ps tubehead.ps tubemicp.ps uniflash.bmp univibe.ps unvbachk.ps unvbaovr.ps unvbapcb.ps unvbbchk.ps unvbbpcb.ps uvspfuzz.ps voxtb.ps voxtreb.ps

MXR Distortion + MXR Hot Tubes Oberheim PS-1 Phase Shifter Bob Starr's Octavia Olson New Sound G. Forrest Cook's Voltage Controlled Panner ProCo Rat Distortion ProCo Rat Distortion Type B Pipebomb, silly tone modifier 3 Simple Preamp Circuits The Purple Pedal, distortion pedal Gibson RD-Artist Spring Reverb Driver/Reciever Stage Center Reverb Unit (spring) Marshall Shredmaster Simple Mixer EH Small Stone Phaser Issue J EH Soul Preacher, compressor EM Stereo Spreader Theremin Information sheet Theremin PCB layout Theremin Schematic Everyday Electronics Tone Booster 2 Tone Control Circuits Controllable Tremolo Circuit Tube Distortion Pedal PAiA TubeHead Preamp PAiA Tube Mic Preamp Bob Starr's UniVibe Lamp Flasher Circuit Unicord UniVibe R.G. Keen's UniVibe check plot Lamp Version R.G. Keen's UniVibe overlay Lamp Version R.G. Keen's UniVibe PCB layout Lamp Version R.G. Keen's UniVibe check plot LED Version R.G. Keen's UniVibe overlay LED Version R.G. Keen's UniVibe PCB layout LED Version Vox Tone Bender Vox Treble Booster

Simple 3 Band Tone Control

from Graffs Encylcopedia of Electronic Circuits / Popular Electronics

R1 1uf
+

0.05uf 11k 100k R2 0.005uf 3.6k 100k 0.022uf 1.8k 500k 1.8k 10uf 0.005uf
+

11k

3.6k

10k

R1 is left up to the user depending on gain needs, R2 is unknown - experiment, the op-amps are not critical, any standard ones could be used. This circuit was originally intended for home audio use, but should be able to be hacked into an effect circuit with very minor modification.

Name:

Four-Band EQ 10k 10k

6
+

Manufacturer / Designer: 10k

8 6
+

PAiA Electronics 10k

8

Revision: 10k
6
+

9/21/95 10k

Model #

9303

10k IC3a cut

Originally designed by Jules Rychkebusch 10k 100

6
+

Input

IC1a cut 100k

IC2a cut

IC4a cut

Output

boost 10k IC1b

2
-

boost 10k IC2b

2
-

boost 10k IC3b

2
-

boost 10k IC4b

2
-

1 3

1 3

1 3

10k 47k 47k 0.047uf 100k

4k7

10k 47k 47k 0.01uf 100k

4k7

10k 47k 47k 0.0039uf 100k

4k7

10k 47k 47k 0.0022uf 100k

4k7

IC1 - IC4 : 5532

0.047uf

100k 4k7

0.01uf

100k 4k7

0.0039uf

100k 4k7

0.0022uf

100k 4k7

Freq. 35-680Hz 12VAC 100 mA

Freq. 150-3kHz

Freq. 450-8.5kHz

Freq. 750-15kHz

1N4001
+

150
+

V+ Pin 8, IC1 - IC4 0.01uf

100uf
+

100uf
+

330

100uf 1N4001

100uf 150

VPin 4, IC1 - IC4

Angry BeardIII
0.22uf Normal

0.022uf High 330 ohms 0.01uf 10k IN 1M 20k

1M +9v 10uf
+
+

1k 10k

0.22uf 10k 2N44

OUT

0.0056uf

100k

+9v
+

+9v

The op-amp can be any lownoise single op-amp, the original used a NE5534. The 2N44 could probably be replaced by other PNP germanium transitors with out much change in sound. The switching aspect has been left out of this schem, but you will probably want to add a bypass of some type to this effect. The emphasis switch chooses a tone flavor, this could be expanded to include a wider range of frequencies, but too small a cap value may cause oscillation. Any attempt at taming the internal gain of this effect has been left out, but could be easily added. This can be noisy depending on your rig, so a 10-15pf cap could be placed in the feedback loop of the op-amp if your concerned about too much squeaking. -Jamie Heilman [email protected]

20k

10uf

Name:

Axe Grinder

Manufacturer / Designer:

PAiA Electronics

Revision:

10/28/95

Model #

5750

S1 - Cancel Effect S2 - Full Intensity 5k Pot - Tone Control 500k Pot - Distortion Intensity 100k Pot (by tone) - Distortion Level 100k Pot (by IC2c) - Clean Level S2 is a switch integrated into the 500k pot, and is wired such that rotating the pot fully will allow you flip the switch and kick in the full intensity of the distortion. +9v +9v 10M
1
-

12 11 10

IC2a

500k

+9v

100k

S2 10k 15pf D2 D1, D2 - 1N914 or 1N4148

S1

The Axe Grinder has been designed with a couple of key fetures in mind, it not only allows a wide variety of distortion tones from the clipping part of the effect it also allows the user to overload thier amp with a greatly boosted clean tone. The distorted tone and the clean tone can be blended together for additional sound tailoring. Also the tone control only affects the distorted signal, and leaves the clean signal untouched. The "cancel" switch lets your guitar signal bypass the effect entirely.

11 7

IC1a
2

0.1uf

10k

D1
8
-

1uf
10
+

10k

All polarized caps 16v 10k 1uf 100k

+

IC1b
9

In

0.1uf

10M

+4.5v
13 1 2

4k7

14
-

12

1k Out

5k 0.1uf

13

1uf
+

10k +4.5v 10k

IC1d

+9v 12k
+

IC2b
+

1uf

1uf
+

100pf +9v 10k

+

0.1uf +4.5v

10k

220k
6
-

+9v
5 3

IC1 - 4136 Quad Op-amp IC2 - 4066 Quad Switch

IC2c
4

NC IC2d NC
9 8 7 6 14 10

10uf 10k
+

IC1c 10M 100k

NC

10uf

+4.5v

NC

+V C5 0.0018

R15 3.3M R14 100K SQUELCH -V

+V 8 A2A R2 4.7K R1 68K 3 1 2 6 RC4558 4 -V PREAMP GAIN R3 10K R4 470 C1 0.1 R5 13K 2 GUITAR R6 100K LIN C2 0.022 C3 0.0022 RC4558 0.47 TANT. 1 R7 2.2K 700 HZ LOW PASS FILTER R8 R9 3.3K 33K R13 15K A2B 5 7 3 C4 R10 10K FULL WAVE RECTIFIER R11 10K D2 1N914 D1 6 7 5 A3B RC4558

R16 -V

27K

J1/INPUT 1/4" PHONEJACK

4 R12 7.5K 1N914 8 +V 2

A3A 1

3 RC4558

C12 0.47 TANT. C13 OCTAVE 100K LIN R28 4 R29 8.2K 0.082 R27 4.7K R26 820

D4 D5 D6 D7 1N914 1N914 SMOOTHING FILTER R20 R21 R22 3.3K 2.2K C8 2.2 22K C9 1.0 C10 0.1 A4B LOG AMP 5 7 6 RC4558 R23 47K +V D3 7 6 RC4558 PEAK FOLLOWER R41 220 SQUARE WAVE MODULATOR -V A6B Q1 7 6 2N5087 RC4558 +V R38 22K C14 1.0 7 R34 2.7K C15 0.047 3 R35 2 10K 4 -V SQUARE WAVE SHAPER * ALL CAPACITOR VALUES IN MICROFARADS 6 7 TO VCA SWEEP GENERATOR TO VCF SWEEP GENERATOR A8 1 8 6 5 CA3094 (or EH1040) R40 6.8K SQUARE WAVE R36 100K LIN R37 5 13K 3 TO ADAPTIVE SCHMITT TRIGGER 1 2 TO SUB-OCTAVE TRACK & HOLD MODULATOR (A18) & OUTPUT 4 5 TO VCF (A10) ELECTRO HARMONIX DESIGNED BY: D.COCKERELL REVISION: 12/12/78 Title ELECTRO HARMONIX BASS MICRO SYNTHESIZER Size Document Number A DRAWN BY: FABIAN P. HARTERY Date: September 28, 1996 Sheet 0 TO -7V DEPENDING ON SIGNAL D11 1N914 D9 1N914 5 C16 4.7 R39 120K D8 1N914 D10 1N914 6 HIGH ON SILENCE R42 820K R43 1K RC4558 4 -V R45 470 ATTACK DETECTOR NORMALLY -8V PULSES HIGH ON ATTACK R44 330K 5 7 6 7 3 1 +V 2 A7B RC4558 8 A5A SQUELCH SMALL SIGNAL DETECTOR +V 1N914 R24 1K R25 22K 2 1 3 RC4558 8 -V +V R32 390K -V R30 2.2K 4 A4A C11 1.0 TANT. TRIGGER R31 100K LIN 4 2 3 R33 330 NORMALLY LOW HIGH 8 PULSES AT END OF NOTE +V A7A RC4558 STOP DETECTOR 1 1N914 -V 1N914

R18 27K -V A6A 1 1.0 3 RC4558 SQUARE WAVE SHAPER 8

R19 560 C7 4.7 TANT.

-V

R17 2.7K

C6 2

A5B 5

of

REV 1 3

ADAPTIVE SCHMIDT TRIGGER R46 3 3.3K 3.3K R47 5 6 D12 1N914 C17 0.0033 +V R50 6.8K 8 3 C18 0.1 2 4 -V +V STOP FREQUENCY R66 3.3K R67 820 -V 4 -V Q3 2N5087 8 3 1 2 R68 1K R71 680K +V U9A RC4558 7 1N914 D14 1N914 R51 10K A16A RC4558 D15 1 C20 4.7 TANT. 6 5 1N914 R48 10K C19 4.7 TANT. 3 A15B RC4558 D13 7 R49 220

-V 4 2 A15A RC4558 R53 1 47K 8 12 +V 13 A16B RC4558 R54 7 47K Q Q 1 0 R CLK S D 8 11 9 -V A17B CD4013 5 3 D -V 1 A17A 6 CD4013 1 S Q R Q 4 -V S-R FLIP FLOP & DIVIDE BY TWO SPECIAL NOTE: PIN 14 IS CONNECTED TO THE POWER SUPPLY GROUND AND PIN 7 IS CONNECTED TO THE -V SUPPLY. -V SWEEP RATE R74 100K LIN R64 10K -V C24 0.082 C21 0.1 2 R55 3.9K R56 47K R59 470 R57 27K 3 R58 470 2 +V CA3094 EH1040) 7 (OR 1 8 6 C22 5 A18 4 -V R60 27K R62 12K R63 10K Q2 2N4302 C23 R61 100K LIN SUB-OCTAVE 1.0

SUB-OCTAVE TRACK & HOLD MODULATOR +V

CLK

0.0033

R52 220

+V R65 100K LIN D16 1N914 D17 1N5235 6.8V R69 12K +V 7 3 R92 100K LIN START FREQUENCY R93 R95 3.3K 4.7K R94 820 S1 FOOTSWITCH R104 1K +V R100 22K R99 47 2N5088 2N5088 R102 6 8.2K R103 820 C30 10 -V TANT. * ALL CAPACITOR VALUES IN MICROFARADS Q6 D19 1N914 R101 100K LIN ATTACK DELAY Q5 Q4 2N5088 1 8 6 5 R98 47K R105 1K 1 +V 7 A14 3 2 4 -V VCA CA3094 (OR EH1040) R97 1K C29 1.0 TANT. -V R72 1K 2 A13 1 8 6 5 C28 10 TANT. R70 22M

R73 2.2K

-V -V A10 CA3094 /EH1040 2 3 R75 3.3K 4 5 6 8 1 0.0033 7 C25 R76 8.2K R77 47K R78 1K -V A11 CA3094 /EH1040 2 3 4 5 6 8 1 0.0033 7 C26 R79 3.3K

-V -V R80 8.2K R81 47K A12 CA3094 /EH1040 2 R82 1K 3 R83 3.3K 4 5 6 8 1 0.0033 7 C27 R84 8.2K

-V

CA3094 D18 (OR EH1040) 4 1N5235 6.8V -V

2 4 +V R87 330K R88 47K 5 R89 4.7K R91 470 R90 1K 47K RESONANCE R86 100K LIN +V +V R85

-V J2/OUTPUT 1/4" PHONEJACK

R96 47K

ELECTRO HARMONIX DESIGNED BY: D.COCKERELL REVISION: 12/12/78 Title ELECTRO HARMONIX BASS MICRO SYNTHESIZER Size Document Number B DRAWN BY: FABIAN P. HARTERY Date: September 28, 1996 Sheet 2 of

REV 1 3

2N6110 NORMALLY TOO HOT TO TOUCH R109 Outboard, a.c. transformer Q5 120 Vac Primary 24 Vac Secondary P1 R108 1K N.C. PHONEPLUG D22 1N914 3 1 2 8 A1A R107 R110 4.7K D20 LED R111 680 12K 2N6110 (+9 Vdc RELATIVE TO A1, PIN 2) +V

5.6K RC4558 4

J1/POWER BR1 W02M 1/8" PHONEJACK POWER JACK-ISOLATED (SOME NON-DOMESTIC MODELS) 24 VAC

+ C31 100 35V C32 10 25V

R106 15K

A1B 6 7 5 RC4558 D21 1N961B 10V -V (-10 Vdc RELEVANT TO A1, PIN 2) C33 10 25V

ELECTRO HARMONIX DESIGNED BY: D.COCKERELL REVISION: 12/12/78 Title ELECTRO HARMONIX BASS MICRO SYNTHESIZER Size Document Number A DRAWN BY: FABIAN P. HARTERY Date: September 28, 1996 Sheet

of

REV 1 3

+V C5 0.0018

R15 3.3M R14 100K SQUELCH -V

+V 8 A2A R2 4.7K R1 68K 3 1 2 6 RC4558 4 -V PREAMP GAIN R3 10K R4 470 C1 0.1 R5 13K 2 GUITAR R6 100K LIN C2 0.022 C3 0.0022 RC4558 0.47 TANT. 1 R7 2.2K 700 HZ LOW PASS FILTER R8 R9 3.3K 33K R13 15K A2B 5 7 3 C4 R10 10K FULL WAVE RECTIFIER R11 10K D2 1N914 D1 6 7 5 A3B RC4558

R16 -V

27K

J1/INPUT 1/4" PHONEJACK

4 R12 7.5K 1N914 8 +V 2

A3A 1

3 RC4558

C12 0.47 TANT. C13 OCTAVE 100K LIN R28 4 R29 8.2K 0.082 R27 4.7K R26 820

D4 D5 D6 D7 1N914 1N914 SMOOTHING FILTER R20 R21 R22 3.3K 2.2K C8 1.0 22K C9 0.47 A4B LOG AMP 5 C10 0.056 6 R23 47K +V D3 7 6 RC4558 PEAK FOLLOWER R41 220 SQUARE WAVE MODULATOR -V A6B Q1 7 6 2N5087 RC4558 +V R38 22K C14 1.0 7 R34 2.7K C15 0.047 3 R35 2 10K 4 -V SQUARE WAVE SHAPER * ALL CAPACITOR VALUES IN MICROFARADS 6 7 TO VCA SWEEP GENERATOR TO VCF SWEEP GENERATOR A8 1 8 6 5 CA3094 (or EH1040) R40 6.8K SQUARE WAVE R36 100K LIN R37 5 13K 3 TO ADAPTIVE SCHMITT TRIGGER 1 2 TO SUB-OCTAVE TRACK & HOLD MODULATOR (A18) & OUTPUT 4 5 TO VCF (A10) ELECTRO HARMONIX DESIGNED BY: D.COCKERELL REVISION: 12/12/78 Title ELECTRO HARMONIX GUITAR MICRO SYNTHESIZER Size Document Number A DRAWN BY: FABIAN P. HARTERY Date: September 28, 1996 Sheet 1 0 TO -7V DEPENDING ON SIGNAL D11 1N914 D9 1N914 5 C16 4.7 R39 120K D8 1N914 D10 1N914 6 HIGH ON SILENCE R42 820K R43 1K RC4558 4 -V R45 470 ATTACK DETECTOR NORMALLY -8V PULSES HIGH ON ATTACK R44 330K 5 7 6 7 3 1 +V 2 A7B RC4558 8 A5A SQUELCH SMALL SIGNAL DETECTOR +V 1N914 7 RC4558 R24 1K R25 22K 2 1 3 RC4558 8 -V +V R32 390K -V R30 2.2K 4 A4A C11 1.0 TANT. TRIGGER R31 100K LIN 4 2 3 R33 330 NORMALLY LOW HIGH 8 PULSES AT END OF NOTE +V A7A RC4558 STOP DETECTOR 1 1N914 -V 1N914

R18 27K -V A6A 1 1.0 3 RC4558 SQUARE WAVE SHAPER 8

R19 560 C7 4.7 TANT.

-V

R17 2.7K

C6 2

A5B 5

of

REV 1 3

ADAPTIVE SCHMIDT TRIGGER R46 3 3.3K 3.3K R47 5 6 D12 1N914 C17 0.0033 +V R50 6.8K 8 3 C18 0.1 2 4 -V +V STOP FREQUENCY R66 3.3K R67 820 -V 4 -V Q3 2N5087 8 3 1 2 R68 1K R71 680K +V U9A RC4558 7 1N914 D14 1N914 R51 10K A16A RC4558 D15 1 C20 4.7 TANT. 6 5 1N914 R48 10K C19 4.7 TANT. 3 A15B RC4558 D13 7 R49 220

-V 4 2 A15A RC4558 R53 1 47K 8 12 +V 13 A16B RC4558 R54 7 47K Q Q 1 0 R CLK S D 8 11 9 -V A17B CD4013 5 3 D -V 1 A17A 6 CD4013 1 S Q R Q 4 -V S-R FLIP FLOP & DIVIDE BY TWO SPECIAL NOTE: PIN 14 IS CONNECTED TO THE POWER SUPPLY GROUND AND PIN 7 IS CONNECTED TO THE -V SUPPLY. -V SWEEP RATE R74 100K LIN R64 10K -V C24 0.082 C21 0.1 2 R55 3.9K R56 47K R59 470 R57 27K 3 R58 470 2 +V CA3094 EH1040) 7 (OR 1 8 6 C22 5 A18 4 -V R60 27K R62 12K R63 10K Q2 2N4302 C23 R61 100K LIN SUB-OCTAVE 1.0

SUB-OCTAVE TRACK & HOLD MODULATOR +V

CLK

0.0033

R52 220

+V R65 100K LIN D16 1N914 D17 1N5235 6.8V R69 2.2K +V 7 3 R92 100K LIN START FREQUENCY R93 R95 3.3K 4.7K R94 820 S1 FOOTSWITCH R104 1K +V R100 22K R99 47 2N5088 2N5088 R102 6 8.2K R103 820 C30 10 -V TANT. * ALL CAPACITOR VALUES IN MICROFARADS Q6 D19 1N914 R101 100K LIN ATTACK DELAY Q5 Q4 2N5088 1 8 6 5 R98 47K R105 1K 1 +V 7 A14 3 2 4 -V VCA CA3094 (OR EH1040) R97 1K C29 1.0 TANT. -V R72 1K 2 A13 1 8 6 5 C28 10 TANT. R70 22M

R73 2.2K

-V -V A10 CA3094 /EH1040 2 3 R75 3.3K 4 5 6 8 1 0.0033 7 C25 R76 8.2K R77 47K R78 1K -V A11 CA3094 /EH1040 2 3 4 5 6 8 1 0.0033 7 C26 R79 3.3K

-V -V R80 8.2K R81 47K A12 CA3094 /EH1040 2 R82 1K 3 R83 3.3K 4 5 6 8 1 0.0033 7 C27 R84 8.2K

-V

CA3094 D18 (OR EH1040) 4 1N5235 6.8V -V

2 4 +V R87 330K R88 47K 5 R89 4.7K R91 470 R90 1K 47K RESONANCE R86 100K LIN +V +V R85

-V J2/OUTPUT 1/4" PHONEJACK

R96 47K

ELECTRO HARMONIX DESIGNED BY: D.COCKERELL REVISION: 12/12/78 Title ELECTRO HARMONIX GUITAR MICRO SYNTHESIZER Size Document Number B DRAWN BY: FABIAN P. HARTERY Date: September 28, 1996 Sheet 2 of

REV 1 3

2N6110 NORMALLY TOO HOT TO TOUCH R109 Outboard, a.c. transformer Q5 120 Vac Primary 24 Vac Secondary P1 R108 1K N.C. PHONEPLUG D22 1N914 3 1 2 8 A1A R107 R110 4.7K D20 LED R111 680 12K 2N6110 (+9 Vdc RELATIVE TO A1, PIN 2) +V

5.6K RC4558 4

J1/POWER BR1 W02M 1/8" PHONEJACK POWER JACK-ISOLATED (SOME NON-DOMESTIC MODELS) 24 VAC

+ C31 100 35V C32 10 25V

R106 15K

A1B 6 7 5 RC4558 D21 1N961B 10V -V (-10 Vdc RELEVANT TO A1, PIN 2) C33 10 25V

ELECTRO HARMONIX DESIGNED BY: D.COCKERELL REVISION: 12/12/78 Title ELECTRO HARMONIX GUITAR MICRO SYNTHESIZER Size Document Number A DRAWN BY: FABIAN P. HARTERY Date: September 28, 1996 Sheet 3

of

REV 1 3

Blue Clipper

v+
20k .047uf

v+ 5 6 +
1/2

7 4558

8.2k

Input
240k

+
4.7uf D1 D2 10k

.033uf 150k 240k + 4.7uf

50k ?

D1, D2 -Pick an element Supply -9v. Battery

Output

ELECTRO-HARMONIX BIG MUFF PI

15k 0.1** + 500p 1u* 500p 39k + 1u 100k + 9V 0.01 39k Tone 0.1 0.004 IN 100k 100k 470k 100k 100 1k Sustain 1uf* + 8.2k 100k 470k

15k 0.1** + 1u*

15k

500p 470k

8.2k 100 100

390k

10k 1u* + Volume 100k 2.2k OUT

The EH Big Muff Pi would probably be improved by modern input-jack power switching and a DPDT bypass switch. This is the original schematic. The diode and transistor types are unknown. Probably any high gain NPN and 1N914s work. Coupling caps marked by a * have been reported to sound better if changed to 0.1uf as have the ** marked ones if changed to 1.0uf. The original transistors were marked SPT 87-103, and the original diodes were marked 525GY or 523GY (hard to read).

BOSS Slow Gear SG-1 Attack Delay

IN 1k 0.1 2SC932 22k 220k +4.5V 10k 100k "Sensitivity" + + 0.5u + 1u 3.3k 1u 470k 1u 1m +9V 2SC932 1k 1u 1m 10k 100k OUT

1u 1M

+9V 1k +4.5V 220k + 390k 1M +9V 1M 1k

47u + 10 0.001 4.7k + 1uf +

47k 10k trimmer, 25k?

20k

"Attack"

100k

0.022

1uf 3.9k + 1u 1k "Check" "Cancel" 22 1u + 47p 56k 47p 100k 4.7k

100k

0.047 + 10

56k 47p 47p

56k 470k 1k 100k 56k

9V +

+9V 22k + 30u 22k

+4.5V

= 2SK30A = 2SC1815 unless otherwise marked = silicon signal diode, 1N914 OK

+ 10

The SG-1 is an attack delay unit. A struck note is at first inaudible, then fades up, similar to a reversed tape recording.

Frequency Brighteners
+9v
+

47k

1uf

100k

1M 1uf IN 100k 1.8k 100k* 0.1uf

+ +

22k 2N3904 0.01uf 15k

0.0047uf

100k** 0.047uf +9v

nc 10k +9v 6.8k 0.47uf OUT 120k IN 0.22uf 2N3904 62k 5k 1k High Frequency Brightener 0.15uf

2.2k

1uf 100k

1M 2N3904 All Signal Brightener 4.7k

47k
+

OUT

1uf

These two effect modules are not actually "guitar" effects per say, but rather synth modules that will work on any analog signal. The input and output impedances may need altering depending on your needs. The high frequency brightener is nothing more than a simple treble booster with a gain control (1k) and an intensity control (5k). The all signal brightener, however, has a seperate control for brightening the low end (100k*) as well as the high end of the frequency spectrum (100k**). The 10k trimmer is a set and forget type adjustment. Set it so the circuit breaks into oscillation, then back up the setting to the point where the oscillation just stops. These two modules were excerpted from Music Synthesizers - A Manual of Design and Construction by Delton Horn; TAB Books, 1984.

Ultra-Clean 9vdc Power Supply

Designed by Rick Barker

110VAC

25VAC

LM317T 274
r1a

+9v out 2k
r1b
vref
+

Vin

Vout Vadj ladj

1000uf 0.1uf

10uf

2k
r2a

6.81k
r2b

470uf 0.1uf

= 1N4002 LM317T 274 2k R1= r1a || r1b = 241 ohms R2 = r2a || r2b = 1456 ohms Vref = 1.25V ladj = 50uA Vout = Vref(1+r2/r1)+ladj*r2 = 9.35VDC

Adj Vout

Vin

To pin 11, V+, on both opamps 100K 4 5 + 9V 0.1 uF 100K 220pF 220K 6 1N4001 1N4001 10K Distort 100K 330K 12 3 10 10K 0.1uF 220K 0.47uF 25pF 4 5 6 0.47uF 12 3 10 25pF

IN

100

+
10uF 10K Boost

OUT

Gretsch Controfuzz Model No. 7798

The Gretsch Controfuzz is a variant of the op-amp-driving-diode-clipper type of distorter. The only unusual features are that the distortion is run at high boost all the time in the first opamp, and then subtracted from the dry signal in the second opamp. The amount of distortion mixed in is determined by the "Distort" control, and the overall volume level when the distortion is switched in is set by the "Boost" control. The op amps are both type 748, which needs a compensation capacitor (25 pF in this case) to be stable. Other modern opamps should work.

Dunlop Cry Baby Wah Wah

.001uf ?
1/2

S1

.001uf 1k + 9v .0011uf D1 22k 470k Q2 68k .01uf 470k Q1

1/2

Out

1k

In
S1 470 1.5k

4.7uf 33k 660mH

82k

10k

-D1 is a 1n4148 -S1 gives true bypass -Q1 & Q2 are 2n3904

.01uf

DOD Compressor 280A

+
+9V 0.05uf 3M VTL5C2 4.7k

IN

22k 500k

+
0.05 uf

100k +9V

0.05 uf

0.01uf

10k 470k

0.05 uf

+
22k 22k Q1, Q2 = NP4124 100k Op amps are LM358 +9V 220k 220k

47 uf

+
10uf

OUT

Bypass

This is the original schematic, but it looks funny to me. I think that there should be a 100k resistor at the (-) input of the second opamp to make it a pure inverter. As it is, that stage would have a very large voltage gain, unbalancing what I think works as a full wave rectifier/current source for the LED in the compression feedback loop. I would expect that the proper circuit is as shown in the fragment below. I think the VTL5C2 LED/LDR module could be replaced with a CLM6000 if you could find one of those.
3M

100k 100k +9V 0.05 uf

+
22k 22k +9V

DOD Envelope Filter 440

+
Battery, 9VDC 22k

220k

100k

+
22k 10uf

0.02uf 0.02uf

IN

0.01uf

10k

100k 220k

+ 430k 0.05 uf 100k

OUT
22k

10k 100k RL 0.1uf

+ 470k

D 100k 4.7uf

+
1uf 22k

1N4148

Opamps are each 1/2 of TL022dual low power opamp. LED/LDR module is unknown, but is probably a Vactec VTL module with LED to center-tapped LDR.

NON-POLARIZED 15 UF Q1 J111 1N4001 22K 47 UF 100K Q2 2N5089 100K 22K 10K (*) PLUGGING INTO THE INPUT JACK CREATES THE CIRCUIT GROUND. VCC + 9Vdc 0.0023 150K 100K VCC IN (*) 470K 3 0.01 10UF 62K 22K 1 2 TL022C 4 47K 2N4124 1N4148 33K REGENERATION 500K OUT 7 6 1 UF 100K 1K TL022C 10K 0.0063 47K 120PF 10K U1B Q6 OUT 7 6 1 UF 100K 4.7K TL022C 47K 0.047 120PF A COMMON POINT (OR JUNCTION) IS ILLUSTRATED BY >> WHEN THIS IS NOT SEEN, WIRES WHICH CROSS OVER EACH OTHER ON THIS SCHEMATIC ARE "NOT" CONNECTED. 2N5089 10K 1M CD4007 DUAL COMPLEMENTARY PAIR WITH INVERTER; (RCA) MN3101/MN3007 MANF. PANASONIC; THESE ARE EQUIVALENT TO ECG1639/ECG1641 RESPECTFULLY. MOMENTARY SWITCH USED TO ENGAGE EFFECT Title DOD FX75 FLANGER (10-15-84) Size Document Number B DRAWN BY: FABIAN P. HARTERY Date: November 20, 1994 Sheet 1 of REV 1 1 5 100K 47K 1N4148 0.047 1M 9 12 11 7 8 13 14 4 5 1 2 U6 3SN 3Y 3A 3SP VSS 2DN 2A 2DP VDD 1SN 1DN 1A 1DP 1SP CD4007 3 10 1M 6 PARTS DESCRIPTION: TL022C LOW POWER DUAL OPAMP; (TEXAS INSTRUMENTS) MN3101 CLOCK GENERATOR FOR BUCKET BRIGADE DEVICE /BBD MN3007 AUDIO SIGNAL DELAY, 1024 STAGE LOW NOISE BBD (5.12-51.2 msec delay) 0.047 TL022C 8 VCC 0.022 62K U2B 5 Q5 J113 100K 1 3 33K 120PF 33K 33K 0.001 4 U2A 2 0.005 1N4148 0.001 120PF 4.7K 0.047 4 5 4 5 8 U1A 2 10K 47K 3 7 6 2 3 7 6 25 PF 33K Q4 1K 330K 470K 1 MN3007 8 1 MN3101 8 10K Q3 2N4125 10UF 27K P1 100K 2K SPEED 500K 150K 100K 56 UF 10 UF 22K 6 7 5 TL022C TL022C 8 180K VCC 220K WIDTH 100K 100K 1N4148 5K 4.7K 220K 2 1 3 U3B 4 U3A 4.7K 1N4148 10K

DOD Overdrive 250

+
500K Reverse Log 9V 4K7 0.05uF 1M

IN

2 3 0.01uF 10k 20K 1M

0.001uF

7 4

10K 100K

10uF 741

OUT

10uF

The DOD Overdrive 250 is Yet Another 741With Two Diodes On The Output. It is almost exactly the same as the MXR Distortion Plus, and a number of other units.

20K

Dual Pre-Amp & A/B Box

Designed by Rick Barker

20k 6.8uf
+

20k 100k 6.8uf

1
+

20k
2 3

1/2

5532
+

20k
2 3

1/2 -

5532 1 8
+

IN A

10uf

0.1uf 20k 6.8uf

+

0.1uf A 20k 100k B OUT

20k

1/2

6 5

5532
-

7 4

6.8uf
+

10k

1/2

6
-

5532 7 4
+

IN B

10uf

10uf 10k

0.1uf 10k
+

100ohms
+

0.1uf

50uf

0.1uf

100uf

This low noise preamp & a/b box was originally designed for switching between different harmonica mics.

Roland Double Beat

IN OUT

+9V

10uF

9V Batt 820K 2K2

120K

22K 330K 0.01 1M 0.1 2SC1000 150K 220K

150K 250pF Fuzz Tone Select 0.0068

0.1

2SC1000 2SC1000 47pF 1K2

+
470K 1uF

+
470K 22K 22K

1uF 10K

1K

1M 0.0068

Fuzz Section

+9V

1K5

20K

470K

1K

47K

0.01 470K 68K 2SC1000 0.22 0.22

2SC828 0.01 0.5 H 10K 150K 10uF

33K 470

+
100K

Wah Section
The Double Beat is another of those funky, funky Fuzz Wahs. The wah function is pretty standard, if a little quiet because of the resistive divider in front of the wah section cutting the signal down. The Fuzz secttion is pretty good, though. It has a good sound - no surprise as the first section is a lot like a Fuzz Face, but is followed up by yet another gain stage to distort even more. The three fuzz tone selections are RADICALLY different from each other.

Name:

16 Second Digital Delay

Manufacturer / Designer:

Electro-Harmonix

Revision:

12/9/95

Model #

EH7875-2A

IC1 - TL082 IC2 - 4558 Q1, Q4 - 2N5087 Q2, Q3 - 2N4859A

IC9 - 571 IC11, IC4 - Unmarked Dual Op-Amp, probably a 4558 D1, D2 - Signal Diode ? D3, D4 - 6.8v Zener

IC7, IC8 - Unmarked ?

+5v B/O
6

IC1a
+

10uf 100k 100k

+

0.1uf Input Direct Output +5v Q1 RO 100k 3k9

1k 150k

Blend 10k Lin s

d g

D2 Q3 A 10k Lin

1M 0.047uf Q4

100k B
2 3
+

10k

IC1b
1

150 Output

Q2
g

d s

10k

1uf 100k
+

3k9

1M

D1
6

10k
+

47k
7

47k
+

0.0068uf 47k 10k 47k 47p

2 IC2b 10uf 1 3
+

0.047uf 5

47k IC11a

10uf +10v
5 8 3 2

FCK To A/D Input

IC2a

13 18 6 5
+

11

10uf 7 27k
+

1M5 16 0.47uf tant +10v

5 3 2
+

4 14

15

12k -10v 47pf

FCK 0.033uf 2 3
+

10uf
1
+

12k

From D/A Out

7 3 1

5 6

+ -

IC4b 10uf
7

IC8
1 6

8k2

8k2

IC9a

IC4a 680pf

47pf 2M7
+

47k 0.47uf tant 10k 0.0068uf 1/

-10v

IC9b
9

D3 D4
1

IC7
6

10uf 47pf

ELECTRO HARMONIX BOOSTERS

430k

10k 0.1uF

100k

10k 0.1uF 50uF

+
9V 2N5133 100k

0.1uF 2N5133

In

0.1uF

In
43k 390 100k

Out
100k

100k 2.7k

Out

LPB-1, LPB-2, EGO Other variations on the LPB-1 include a BC239 with a 100k resistor from base to ground and a 1M resistor between base and collector.
430k 430k 10k 0.002uF 0.002uF 2N5133 10k 0.1uF

Muff Fuzz / Little Muff Pi (early)

In
2N5133 27k

3.3uF

+
3.3uF 43k 390 0.1uF

In
43k 390 100k

10k

Out

Out

Mole/ Hogs Foot (Old Version) Screaming Bird/Tree

+9V 220k

In

0.1uF

+9V 10k 100k 1M

+ 220k 100k 0.22uF 0.02uF 2200pf

+ -

10k

100k

1M

0.22uF 270k

0.02uF

2200pf

+9V 22k

0.022uF

100k 27k

+ +
5uF

+9V 27k

+
1uF

10uF

9V

Out
100k

2N5087

Hogs Foot (new)

Electro Harmonix Fuzz-Wah

(Actually Fuzz-Wah/Volume )
1/2

S1 .022uf 470k

1/2

S1

Out
S2

In
D1 D2 9v + 5 6 1/2

100k

-S2 gives just fuzz, just

.1uf 100k

10k 1458 4 7

2 3

1/2

1458 8

-Q1 & Q2 are 2n3565 -Fuzz bypass S1 has been improved to provide true bypass -S3 chooses volume or wah-wah -S5 provides for sweep reverse
10uf 680k 680k

wah-wah / volume, or fuzz into wah-wah / volume -S4 sets tone of filter -D1 & D2 can be any signal diode

1/2

S5

100k

1/2

S5

.0033uf .01uf .047 .1uf Q2 .0022uf S4 1k

100k

33k S3
+

22k 470k 500mh 1.5k

10uf

68k 470k .22uf .22uf Q1 .022uf 470 ohms

10k

Model 3006

Name:

16 Second Digital Delay

Manufacturer / Designer: +12v

Electro-Harmonix +10v

Revision:

12/9/95

Model #

EH7875-2A

XA0140

R W + 7812
+ +

C 0.0022uf 10M
3 2

+5v IC10a
+ -

120V

Red White

R 100uf 35v Y Y + 470uf 10v +5v # 1k87

+ +

100uf 35v

10uf 33uf
+

2 CLIX 12
+

4k7 12k

100V 0V

5.1v

47

33uf 1

+5v 100k 100k

Black

7815 +5v 7805

+ +

10k lin -15v Click Select -15v

100k 100k 0.068uf 2N5088 Click Out 22k B 22k Resistors marked # are 1% types. IC10 - LM358 IC12 - unmarked, CD4049 perhaps? +12v to pin 8 on IC1, IC2, IC4, IC5, IC6, IC10, IC11, IC43, & IC44 pin 13 on IC9, & IC3 +10v to pin 5 on IC7, & IC8 +5v to pin 20 on the ADC0804 a pin # I coudnt read on IC12 pin 14 on IC13, IC14, & IC21 through IC24 pin 16 on IC15 through IC18 pin 3 on IC19 pin 8 on IC20, & IC30 through IC41 pin 20 on IC27, & IC42 pin 5 on IC28 pin 12 on IC29, & IC3 pin 7 on IC44 pin 9 on IC19 -15v to pin 4 on IC1 through IC4, IC10, IC11, IC20, IC43, & IC44 pin 17 on IC42 -10v to pins 1 & 6 on IC7, & IC8 All diodes were unmarked. 2/

8 10uf 11 D

470uf 10v

Foot Switch

82k 4k7

# 1k37 0.01uf

+5v

SCK 10

A2 9 1uf
+

Bypass Reciac Rev Slow # 30k # 15k # 7k5 # 3k74 F/S 14 680
3 7

6
-

IC10b
5

7
+

20 6 vcc in+

4 clk

3 wr

2 rd cs 1 D.gnd 10

C 10k

1uf

+5v

9 7 8

vnff/2 inA.gnd msb

ADC0804
16 15

11 12 13

REV 3
6

10k
14

B/O IC12d
11 10 8

1uf

IC12a
+

RO 22uf

1k
+

1k
13
+

13 REC +5v

22uf

IC12b

22uf

IC12c

680

ELECTRA DISTORTION

+9 V 4.7K 2.3M OUT 0.1uF IN 0.1uF 470 Ge Ge 2N3904

This distortion was posted to the net by Bruce E. (?), [email protected] on 5/14/94. It is supposed to sound amazingly like a Tube Screamer. With the exception of the diodes, the circuit is the same as the circuit for the Electra Power Overdrive module, which was fitted inside some Electra guitars in the 70s. Its important to use germanium diodes to get the right sound. Silicon is supposed to produce more power and less distortion. Ge gives 0.4 volts of signal out, Si gives 1.4 volts. The values of the collector and emitter resistors can be changed to give more or less gain and distortion. The unit is not just a hard diode clipper, as the diodes load the output of the transistor and modify its gain as they turn on, giving softer clipping than you would expect.

REPEAT CIRCUIT IN BOX FOR ALL FREQUENCIES. THE TABLE GIVEN BELOW SPECIFIES COMPONENT VALUES FOR C1 AND C2.

C1

Vin

10K

100K

10K

C2 1M 1M +V THIS OPAMP IS COMMON TO ALL OUTPUTS +V

100K 3.3 UF

Vout

2.4K

-V -V

* A SUGGESTED OPAMP WOULD BE A TL082 OR SIMILIAR LOW NOISE OPAMP

CHANNEL CENTRE FREQ. (IN Hz.) 32 64 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 16000

C1 180nF 100nF 47nF 22nF 12nF 5.6nF 2.7nF 1.5nF 680pF 360pF

C2 18nF 10nF 4.7nF 2.2nF 1.2nF 560pF 270pF 150pF 68pF 36pF

FROM ENCYL. OF ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS (VOL. 2) DESIGN FIRST PUBLISHED IN ELECTRONICS TODAY INTERNATIONAL Title TEN BAND GRAPHIC EQUALIZER Size Document Number A DRAWN BY: FABIAN P. HARTERY Date: February 16, 1995 Sheet

of

REV 1 1

Name:

Fender Blender +9v

Manufacturer / Designer:

Fender

Revision:

11/18/95

Model #

150k

47k

220k

100k

8k2

10k

Q2 15k 0.1uf In 1k5 Q1 120k 10uf

+

D1

10uf
+

10uf 0.003uf Q5 10uf 10k

+

47k

3k9

10k 0.001uf 10uf

+

0.1uf 10k Blend 150k Q3

10uf
+

D2 27k 10uf

Q4 D3 820
+

10k 680

27k

150k

8k2

560k

0.05uf

3k9

9v
+

0.1uf

10uf

100k Sustain 0.1uf Out

All resistors 5% (many of the orginals were actually 10%) 1/2W All capacitors minimum 25V Q1 & Q2 - 2N3391A Q3 to Q5 - 2N3391 D1 to D4 - 1N276 Original switching scheme was a spdt, not true bypass. This effect would benefit from a true bypass mod. The effect itself is a distortion with octaving.

18k

D4

50k

Tone

10uf

10uf

125k

27k

100k

820

FOXX FUZZ-WAH

IN

FUZZ BYPASS

+9V 47k 0.1 film

+9V 4.7k

OCTAVE

+9V 100k

+9V +9V

+9V +9V 470k 10k 3300pf TONE

150k

10k

+
1k

DRIVE 1000pf 100k 50k 22k 4.7k 50k

47k 0.1film 100k 4.7k

100k

100k 15k 220 1k

+
0.047uf 47k 1.5k

+ +
50k FUZZ VOLUME WAH TONE SELECT 0.01 0.047 .0.0033 0.0047 0.047 0.1

WAH BYPASS WAH +9V 100k log 0.22 +9V 1k 22k 470k 470k 0.22

OUT

+
+9V 0.01 68k

100k 220

+
33k

10k

0.5H 1.5k

"5103 TDK".

The Foxx Fuzz Wah includes a fuzz, an octave effect, a wah pedal, and in later versions a volume pedal al l in the same box. The box, by the way, is covered in blue or red no-fooling stiff plastic fuzz. The wah has four different resonant frequencies selected by a rotary switch. The inductor should be relatively easy to find, as it looks to be a somewhat standard part. The volume pedal action is the default when wah is bypassed. Max volume is with the pedal all the way back, very odd. - All transistors 2N3565-R249, NPN silicon in little plastic button packages. - All diodes germanium - All unmarked electrolytic capacitors 10 uF, 16Vdc. The fuzz and octave section MAY be a copy of the Octavia pedal. Note that the Wah pot is log (audio) taper. The wah sound is really sensitive to the positioning of the wah pots rotation in the rack-and-pinion.

Fuzz 001 - Unknown Commerical Source

1n42

100k +9v 6
-

470pf

0.1uf

100k 5

8 7

10k

0.1uf
-

4558
+

2 4558 + 4 3 1M
+

100k 1

0.1uf

9v
+

1M

10uf

47k Log

+9v

Distortion Booster

+9v 100k 0.01uf Q1 In 100k 100k 3k3

+

10k

0.1uf

Q2

D1

D2

Out

+9v

Q1 and Q2 are BC108 D1 and D2 are silicon or germanium (pick your favorite flavor) signal diodes. -make unknown...

Fuzz Face
Dallas Arbiter
470* 0.1uf 9v + Q2 2.2uf IN
1/2

33k

8.2k

500k
1/2

S1 OUT

Q1

S1 100k 20uf 1k
+

There are apparently two similar versions of the fuzz face. In one Q1 and Q2 were PNP germanium AC128 or NKT275 types in the other they were NPN sillicon BC108C types. Now depending on which type you choose to build will influence some of the other components. For a PNP version the schematic is as shown, but if you build the NPN version then the 470 ohm resistor marked by a * must be changed to 330 ohms and the battery and all the polarized capacitors must be reversed. The original schematic is not exaclty what is shown above, it had a very complex switching system which has been simplified (nothing has been lost dont worry) and a unique grounding setup. Aside from that the schem is exact with minor differences in components on various units (eg. some had the 0.1uf cap listed as .047uf, which shouldnt make a difference as long as you feed a high impedance amp). The transistors are hard to find, the thing to look for is germanium transistors with a decent gain factor (gain > 80). Note silicon transistors will clip harshly and may not sound good, though 2n3906 has been said to work.

Guitar Effects Unit (Octaver-Fuzz)

extracted from ETI-Canada, January 1980 +9v 10k 10k 10k
+

6.8k 10k
-

D1 a 100k

D2

10k

+9v
+

1.0uf 680k 560pf Q1 1M

b 1k

-9v
+

IN

1.0uf 270ohms

8.2k

39k Fuzz Struzz S3

1k

820 ohms

S2 OUT -9v 9v
+

On S1 Off 9v

+9v

Q1 is MPS6515 DI and D2 are 1N4148 The IC is any lownoise dual op-amp, shown is the 4558. Switching could be improved with a full bypass mod. The GEU is good sounding octave fuzz, with an optional mode of just fuzz. The fuzz is a fully rectified signal and is quite chewy. For some the Fuzz alone might not be loud enough, this can be fixed by raising the value of the 820 ohm resistor and lowering the 39k one. Or one could just replace both with a normal volume pot for a more standard approach. The "struzz" is the fuzz with an octave higher signal mixed in. Good for singal notes and leads.

Name:

Green Ringer

Manufacturer / Designer:

Dan Armstrong

Revision:

9/23/95

Model #

+9v 100uf

160k 0.047uf Input

18k

10k 0.047uf 2SA666

22k

10k

47k 0.1uf
+

*
66k 2SA666 66k
Tantalum

2SC828 0.047uf

Output

560k
+

6k2

10k

22k

+9vdc

The transitor marked "*" has no markings other than three stripes; green, blue, white, from top to bottom. It is PROBABLY a low gain NPN used as a dual diode with the anodes connected together at the base of the final transistor. The continuity test on the device shows no conductivity except that the topmost pin conducts when it is positive of the pins in the middle and other side; otherwise, no conduction. This is what would be expected if it were an NPN with the same pinout (base, collector, emitter) as the other transistors.

Harmonic Sweetener
100k 10k 1uf
+

100k

2
-

10k

13
-

In

1M

14 10k

10uf
+

12 10k

1M

Out

10k 4k7* 5
-

10pf

4k7 4n7 4n7 2k2

4n7 4n7

3 2

1 22k

10k

1M** 8
-

10k 10k 13
-

4k7*

15k

4k7 22k

10

9+

12 +

14

100 +15v
+

+ to chips (4) 10uf

100 -15v 10uf

+

A couple of red leds will work nicely for the clipping section. The op-amps shown are TL074 types with 3 of the 4 amps used. Possible modifications include changing the resistors marked * to a 10k dual-ganged pot for a tunable filter, and/or changing the resistor marked ** to a 2.5 M pot for a drive option.

- to chips (11)

TS-9 Tube Screamer

+9V 1k +4.5V 10k .02u 1k 1uf/50v np* 510k 10k 0.1 +4.5V "Tone" +4.5V 4.7k 500k "Drive" .047u 510k 9V 510k 10u +9V 2SK30A 0.1 1M* +4.5V 47 + .047 +9V 62k 22k 10k In/Out 22 1M 56k 56k 1M 3V 56k* cr2 .047 cr1 56k* 3.6k 1M* +4.5V 2SK30A 510k 10k 470ohms 100k 51k +4.5V 0.22 tant +9V 10k 51p

+ -

0.22 tant

+
20k

+ 1k

1uf/50v 1k np*

100k "Level"

+4.5V 220ohms

IN

OUT +

Opamps are in a dual 8 pin dip, 4558. All transistors 2SC1815. All diodes silicon signal diodes, 1n914 or similar. np* = nonpolorized resistors denoted by * marked as 1M on original might be 22k and those marked as 56K might be 10k. crf1 and cr2 are a special cap and resistor in parallel, the cap is 51p the resistor is 56k.

+ + 100 1000p 1000p

100

Jimi Hendrix Fuzz Face

by Jim Dunlop 9v
+

470
+

1N5239B 9.1v In

100uf 6v

330 43k 2.2uf

+

0.01uf

Out

10k 500k "level" Q2 Q1

100 1n 68k

180k

47pf 1k

"fuzz"
+

22uf

Q1 & Q2 are MPSA18

Model JH-2

Jordan Boss-Tone
+9VDC

18K 560K 0.022uF 0.022uF Input 560K 100K 0.022uF 150K 2N2222 -or2N4124 -orsimilar 1N914/1N4148 18K 47pF 10K Output

The Jordan Boss-Tone is another distorter from the Inna-Gotta-Have-A-Fuzza era of effects. This circuit fragment shows only the effects circuit, not the in/out switching and the battery circuit. A DPDT stomp switch and input-jack battery switching would finish this up nicely. Like many others, the circuit is based on a collector voltage feedback single transistor circuit with a second transistor as a buffer following the first gain stage. Others in this genre are the Vox Tone Bender and the venerable Fuzz Face, although these do not have a diode-clipping limiter after the gain stages.

JSH Fuzz
9v
+

1M 0.1uf IN 10k Q1 0.1uf

33k 4.7k Q2

6.8k 1n2

0.1uf 50k Log Q3 OUT Si* 22

150k 1k 22uf *pretty much any silicon signal diode can be used here Q1 - BC238B Q2, Q3 - BC239C
+

Model FZIII

10K + 10uF

10K

1K2 68K 33K 100K 0.01uF

4K7

470K 0.1uF

9VDC 33K

4.7uF

4.7uF 33

33K 2SC828R

0.22uF

OUTPUT

The Kay model T-1 tremolo is a very simple circuit. A twin-T oscillator circuit drives two bipolar transistors to load the signal down after it is amplified by a single input stage. The sound of this is more like the "repeat percussion" effect of Thomas Organ Vox amplifiers than the smooth variation in loudness of tube based amplifier tremolos, but it is a useful sounding effect; just different. The pedal itself is a cheesy plastic case with a wah-pedal like treadle which controls the speed of the oscillator. There is no tremolo depth control, and the in/out switch is not shown on the schematic from the inside of the case, although it is a very conventional DPDT bypass. The bypass was unique in that you had to slide a switch manually, no stomp switch on this one.

+ 1K

INPUT

100K 47K

43K

3X 2SC828P

Kay Tremolo Model T-1

Electro-Harmonix Little Big Muff

8.2k 0.1u* 560p 0.1u + 0.1u 560p 10k 0.1u* + 560p 15k

10u + 33k

470k 10k 43k 100

470k 8.2k 100k 150 100k

470k

150

430k 9V

15k 0.1

470u

0.01 39k 100k Tone 100k 0.004 IN 22k 6.8k OUT 0.1 Volume 100k

The EH Little Big Muff could probably be improved with modern input jack power switching and a DPDT bypass. This is the original schematic. The diode and transistor types are unknown. Probably any high gain NPN and 1N914s work. The caps marked with a * have been reported to work great at 1.0uf.

Maestro Fuzz

470k 100k 470k 0.001uF 47k 18k 50k 330k 0.047uF 0.0047uF 33k

In

33k

0.01uF 470k 8.2k 0.1uF Fuzz Amp 0.1uF 3.3M 50k

33k

Out

0.002uF

3.3k

Squelcher Fuzz Preamp

100k

0.1uF

50k

Impedance Matcher

The Maestro Fuzz is reputed to be the fuzz used in the recording of the Stones "Satisfaction". The transistors are house numbered "991-002298" and the diode is house numbered "919-004799". They are probably all germanium devices. The use of a squelch device is somewhat unique, possibly put there to tame hiss and noise during quiet passages between notes. The two 50K pots which have their wipers connected by resistors are wired so that as one increases, the other decreases, giving a pan from one point in the circuit to another, probably changing the amount of distortion. The last 50K pot is an output level control. This unit could probably benefit from a modern DPDT switch setup to completely isolate the circuit when it is switched out, and a modern input-jack power switching arrangement.

Maestro Boomerang
(Wah-Wah)

+ 9v .047uf 48k Q1
+
1/2

10k 1uf
+

620k
1/2

1uf 1.5M 25k

+

S1

Out

Q2

In S1
4.7k

120 47k 500mh

6uf

-Transistors Q1 and Q2 were designated P-2356

.01uf

8.2k

Model EG-1

Maestro Boomer 2
(Wah-Wah / Volume)

+ 9v 25k 1.5M .047uf 48k Q1

1/2

10k 1uf
+

820k
1/2

1uf
+

S1

Out

Q2

In S1
1k

.1uf 6uf 10k S2

56k

120 47k 500mh

-Transistors Q1 and Q2 were designated 991-002873 This was undoubtably an inventory number, a replacement transistor will probably have to be used. -S2 is used to switch the pedal between its modes of wah-wah (off as shown) and volume (on).

.01uf 8.2k

Model EG-2

Mosrite Fuzz-Rite

470k 470k .05uf 350k 470k 470k

.05uf

.002uf TZ82 33k

.002uf TZ82

Input

Output

9v

Name:

Motion Filter / Follower

Manufacturer / Designer:

PAiA Electronics

Revision:

10/29/95

Model #

5720

Initial Frequency +V 100pf 1M

+

+V 500k

6
-

11 7

IC1a In
5

Sensitivity 0.1uf 500k

1 3M9
-

1M
+

A 2N4124

1uf 1M

150

1uf D2

D1
+

IC1b +Vr A 0.01uf 0.01uf

1uf

47k
+

1uf +V 10k

10

1uf
8
-

1M
10

10k

100k
14
-

100k

1M

12

IC1c

13

14

+Vr 9v 100 500k Offset 1M

+

IC1d +Vr IC2

4

10 5 12 13 2 3

1k Out

1N4001

100uf +V +Vr 0.05uf

7 11 IC1 - 4136 Quad Op-amp S1 IC2 - 4066 Quad Switch D1, D2 - 1N4148 or 1N914 Connect pads marked "A" together. Offset is a trim pot that can be adjusted after roughly 15 minutes of "burn in" time. Adjust it until you hear no popping when pressing the Cancel switch S1. There is no need to play into effect during adjustment. Correct setting should be near the middle of the rotation.

Modified Tube Sound Fuzz

by M. Hammer 510pf*
+

2k2
+

10uf 47k 1500pf* Bright v10k 100k ICs are any low noise dual op-amp and a CD4049. 0.1uf vv+ Dual-ganged Tone 4700pf 100k 100k 100k 3k9 390pf* 390pf* 4700pf

In

0.1uf 470k

100k

3k9

10uf v+ 10k Out

This circuit is a spin off of Craig Andertons Tube Sound Fuzz from his book Electronic Projects for Musicians. This only uses 2 stages of a CD4049 hex inverter/buffer the rest were left out of the schematic to keep it simple. Components with a * are suggested values, substitutions can be made freely within 30%.

Muff Fuzz
Electro Harmonix

470k D1
1/2 1/2

S1

S1 D2 .01uf 100k 6

In
9v +

1/2

7 4558 4

10k

2 3
1/2

Out
1 4558 8 .1uf 100k Audio +

5 +

680k 10uf
+

680k

D1, D2 - Select an element to taste

MXR Distortion +
AC Adaptor + 1M 9v 1uf 25v
+

V+

For subtly different sounds try replacing D1 + D2 with 1n34s for fuzzy sounds, 1n4148 for more buzz, LEDs for more crunch, or a 1n34 array like this:

1M 1M

The original diodes were germanium 1N270 types.

In

.01uf

10k + 741
+

10k

.001uf .047uf 4.7k

1uf 35v Tant. D1 1M 10k D2

.001uf

1M 1M 8-10pf

1/2

S1 Out

-Components connected by dotted lines signify modifications for click prevention (1M resistor) and oscillation (cap in feedback loop). -Effect could be improved with true bypass switching.
V+

2.2k

1/2

S1

MXR Hot Tubes Distortion

IN 22pf 75k 20k +9v + 1M + 30uf 120k 47pf
22pf

OUT

0.1uf

+ 20k +

+ 1uf

220k 0.015uf 0.22uf 470k

1m + 4.7uf unknown value 10K? 15k

220k

0.1uf + 1uf

8k2

150k

220k

1m5

2m2

unknown value 100k? + = 1/2 of dual 741 or 4558 opamp; +v on pin 8, -v on pin 4 = 1/6 of CD 4049 CMOS inverter. Vdd on pin 1, Vss on pin 8

The MXR Hot Tubes is a commercial cousin of Craig Andertons "Tube Sound Fuzz". It differs in that it uses a dual opamp input buffer, more stages, and more filtering. Also, there appears to be a DC offset in the bias points of two of the inverter/distortion stages.

-15 +15 100K 10K 100K 10K

4.7K 1M 2N4302

10K

IN

0.33uF

10K 10K 33K -15 4.7K 100k 100k 100k 7 3 0.01uF 100k 100k +15 8 100k 7 3 0.01uF 100k 100k 100k 100k +15 8 100k 7 +15 +15 +15 2N4302 1M

4.7K

OUT

10K

4.7K

100k

100k

6 5

+15 8

6 5

6 5

2 3

0.01uF 100k

4 -15

0.01uF

4 -15

0.01uF 100k

0.01uF

4 -15 1M

100k

100k

100k

-15 10K

+15

Oberheim PS-1 Phase Shifter

+15 -15 100K 4.7K 1M 2 10K 220K 10K Medium Phase Fast Phase 3 150K 4.7K P1069C 1M 150K 10K 2N4302 1M +15 8 1 10K 0.33uF

selected

DC offset

6 5

7 4 -15 33K

-15 10K 33K FET Bias

10K

+220uF

33K Osc. Ampl.

+ 4.7uF
10K

-15

+15

10K

1N4002 (4X)

All ICs are 1458 dual op amp. All bipolars are 2N3638A.
270 (Pin 8 +15 0f ICs) 1N965

Blk AC Switch, Power Ind, Fuse 115 VAC Blk

Red Wht

+470uF
25v

+470uF
25v Grn 270

1N965 -15 (Pin 7 Of ICs)

Adjustment procedure: 1. FET Bias: With Osc.Ampl. trimmer fully counterclockwise, adjust FET Bias so that audibile phasing sound is in the middle of its range. 2. Osc. Ampl.: Adjust for desired depth of phasing sound. 3. Output Offset: adjust for minimum "click" when Off/Slow Phase switch is operated.

Olson New Sound

No bias? Leakage bias? Battery polartiy?

1.5v 10k 1uf In 1M 10k 15k 100k 1M 1uf 5k 47k Out

+

0.003uf

10k

0.003uf

= 2SB175

Runs on one 1.5v battery!

Voltage Controlled Panner

C G. Forrest Cook 1994 [email protected]
One Channels Variable Gain Stage V+ 10K V+ 10K 5.0uF Non Polar Input 10K Aud Input Level 330 10K 0.01 uF 330 2N3904 * 10K 2N3904 * 10K 2 (6) 8 1.0uF Non Polar Output 100pF

1/2 NE5532 1(7) 3 (5) 4

V Duplicate this circuit for the second channel

10K

Gain Control Input To the 10K resistor on the second channel

* The transistors should be a matched pair, i.e. with the gain control at full negative and no input signal, the collectors should be at the same voltage, +/ epsilon where epsilon < 0.1 Volt.

0.01uF

control voltage amp and inverter

The power supply is +/ 15 VDC power supply filter V+ Right Gain Control

5.6K V+ 4.7K 010V Panner Control Voltage Input 4.7K 2 1/2 LM1458 1 3 4 5 V V 2.2K 10K Trimmer Left Channel Zero Adjust 8 4.7K 6 1/2 LM1458 7 Left Gain Control

0.1uF

0.1uF

ProCo Rat Distortion

47 9v Adpt.
+

150k Log 100uf 1N4001 100pf 33k

+

9v & pin 7 0.001uf 4.5v 47uf

33k

9v Input

BF245A +9v 0.022uf 1k 1uf 1M

+

4.5v 100k 3 1nf 1k 2 30pf

+ -

8 1

1k

100k Log

1.5k

4.7uf 35v

0.0033uf

560
+ +

47 +9v

4.7uf Output

2.2uf 10uf 100k Log

+

BF245A 0.022uf 1k 1M

10k

IC = LM308 Diodes = 1N4148

ProCo Rat Distortion

100 9v Adpt.
+

100k Log 1N4001 100pf 100k

+

100uf 16v
+

9v & pin 7 0.001uf 4.5v 1uf 50v 100k Log

+

100k

9v Input 0.022uf 1k

4.5v 1M 4 1k

1.5k

3 2

+ -

8 1

0.001uf

4.7uf 35v

0.0033uf

30pf

560
+ +

47 +9v +4.5v

Output

4.7uf 35v

4.7uf 35v 2N5458 100k Log

+

1M 0.022uf 10k

1uf 50v Type B Rev 7-81 Current Drain @ 9v ~ .6ma, no Input (idle) ~ 1.6ma, full output IC = LM308 Diodes = 1N4148

THE

BOMB
PVC Tube X long by Y diameter

IN

amp1

amp2

OUT

Crystal Mic Telephone Speaker My dimensions for my prototype are X= 36cm, Y= 5.5cm. This imparted a pretty high pitch tone but I like it. The X and Y dimensions should be played with to create the exact tone your looking for, also I chose a telephone speaker and a crystal mic so I got the funkiest tone I could think of. A dynamic mic would limit the trebel somewhat probably make it sound less harsh. Id be interested in any mods made to this design (ie. stories, ideas, etc.) so feel free to email me. The amps can be any old simple op-amp configuration that can drive a speaker or take a mic input. I just used some surplus stuff I had lying around to make mine. The end product had all the circuitry inside the tube and the battery on the outside, with one control for the gain of the speaker (mic was at fixed gain). Note, if you place this infront of your amp and turn every thing up, without adding any dampening to the tube it will feedback like you wont believe! You will probably wish to avoid this as it tends to hurt your ears. I put a bit of foam rubber in one end of the tube and an old sock in the other to dampen feedback. I like to leave my options open though, so I also didnt make this a permanent addition. My prototype is basically a fuzz, as my guitar will overload the speaker quite easily and the tube just adds a bit of strange overtone and what I swear is the tiniest hint of reverb. Sounds great though! Clean tones through a similar set up would sound good too, but I havent built one of those yet. Perhaps a larger speaker (4-5") and an old carpet tube would add better characteristics for clean tones. Try changing the tube matierial also for a different tone, I almost used a bit of gutter piping when I first built this, now I wonder what it wouldve sounded like.

Jamie Heilman 11/93 [email protected]

to 9V battery + 6.8K 5uF from pickup selector 10M signal ground to output jack 2N5457 from pickup switch

to +9V 220k

1uF 220k

+ -

15uF

to output jack

2.2K

51K

10uF 100k to 9V battery -

Gain set

100k

22uF

For people who dont like op amps, here is a discrete JFET preamp design. It has low distortion, low noise, low feedback, overloads gracefully, is small, etc, etc. Overall gain is 3db (2X) or so. It uses about 1/2 ma, so a 9V battery will last a long time. You can add a high boost switch if you like by having it shunt the 2.2k resistor with a 0.05uF cap (or other value; smaller cap = boosts only higher frequencies, and the reverse). You can just put in a 10uF cap across the 2.2k resistor to up the gain. Circuit by Don Tillman. [email protected]

A preamp from a TL071 op amp. The gain set resistor lets you customize the gain. As shown, it is 2. Lowering the Gain Set resistor lets you raise the gain. You get distortion at high gains.

to 9Vterminal from pickup switch 250k

1M

1M to +9V

50 0.1uF

1uF

+ -

to output jack

The opamp is a LT1012 micro power opamp, could be other low noise low power op amp. Use a stereo jack on the guitar to turn power on when a cable is plugged in. The circuit produces no noticeable noise or distortion and a 9 volt battery lasts a couple of years. This is intended to buffer the guitar pickups and controls from the cable capacitance. It is possible to add gain to this circuit by modifying the

Stage Center Reverb Unit

from Guitar Player 1976 by Craig Anderton
33k 6 0.02uf Input 1M 9v
+
+ -

4 11 22k

0.22uf 10k 50k 0.02uf 4.7k 2.2M 4.7k

+

8
-

10 7 C2

0.22uf
+

9 0.01uf

Output

1N4001

C1 1N4001

9v

470k* 14 47k 220pf 1

-

12 0.22uf 50k Cancel

15 +

To Reverb

From Reverb

This simple spring reverb can be built cheaply and requires a minimal amount of space for the circuit it self. The op-amp is a quad type, the pinout for a 4136 is shown, but others may be substituted. The bypass caps C1 and C2 can be from 10 to 100 uf. The resistor marked with a * may need to be lessened if you experience distortion in your reverb, lower this to achive maximum signal with no distortion. Many spring reverb units may be used with this circuit, the original article suggested an accutronics model. Many reverb units also use RCA style jacks for ins and outs, be prepared for this. The cancel switch will shut off the reverb effect without any clicks or pops. All resistors are 1/4 or 1/2 watt, 5% tolerence, and all caps are rated at 10 or more volts.

Simple Mixer

0.1uF

100K 100K 100K

10K 0.1uF 100K

Gain changing resistor 100K

9V

9V

10K 0.1uF 100K

+
1M

9V 10K 100K 100K 0.1uF 100K

10K

9V 22uF

+
2.2uF

A simple mixer suitable for mixing microphones or effects outputs. The overall gain from input to output is one if the pot corresponding to the input is full up. You can make this a net gain of ten (or any other reasonable gain) by reducing the input resistor to the second op amp. 10K in this position gives a gain of ten, or 20db. If you are mixing effects outputs which have an output level control built into them, you can dispense with the input level controls, or make some have level controls, some not. Audio taper pots are probably better, but linear will work. For the opamps, choose a jfet input dual or singles, like from the National Semi LF3xx series, or something like the TL072 or TL082.

EH Small Stone Phaser Issue J

V+ Vbias 33uF 15k Vbias 10k

V+

10k

470k 0.0068 2N5088 100k

2N5087 0.0068

LFO V+ 7 2 30k 1k 3 Vbias 4 27k 6 5 1 8 0.0068 V+ 7 2

LFO 5 1 8

10uF 4.7k 4.7k

IN

+ -

27k 1k 3 Vbias

+ 4 27k 6

30k

10k

10k

9V
270k ON V+ 0.1 BYPASS EFFECT 8 27k 3.3k 1

LFO V+ 5 7 2 0.0068 8 1

LFO V+ 5 7 2 27k 3 1k Vbias 6 27k 10k 4 0.0068

+ OUT
22k ON

4.7k 6 27k 27k 10k 4

+ -

+ 3

1k Vbias

27k

0.1 470k

COLOR SWITCH

V+ 4.7k 2N5087 3 V+ 1

15k

2 1k 1.8k 0.1 V+ 27k 7.5k 27k 4 5 1M 6

+
33uf

100

The Small Stone is somewhat unique in using Operational Transconductance Amplifiers (OTAs) for phase shift stages instead of opamps with variable resistors. All of the ICs are house marked EH1048, but can be replaced with CA3094 which is a combination of an OTA equal to the CA3080 and a darlington emitter follower. Later Small Stones used slightly different circuits, but all used the OTA.

Name:

Soul Preacher

Manufacturer / Designer:

Electro-Harmonix

Revision:

10/13/95

Model #

330pf 10uf 25V tantalum 1k

+

+9V 270k 0.1uf Q1 In 680k 270k 4k7 100k

10k 100k +9V Linear

2

0.15uf
+

S1

1uf 25V
+

220k

0.1uf

0.1uf IC1a
3

8 4

270k J1 +4.5V

10uf 25V tantalum

10k

10k Log

S2

Out

9V
+

1M 20k

47k

1N3666 10k IC1b 6 +

10uf 16V Q2 0.1uf

+ + +

10k

15k AC Adaptor 220 100uf 25V

+

Q3 3k9 Q4

+9V

1uf 35V tantalum

4M7 1N3666

10uf 16V

10k

+4.5V 4k7 4k7

1uf 25V

-All resistors are carbon film, 1/4W, 5%, unless otherwise noted -All non-polarized capacitors are mylar, 50V, 10%, unless otherwise noted -Transistors Q1-4 and FET J1 are unknown -IC1 is a 4558

EM Stereo Spreader
100k 10k 100k 2
-

10k 1 8 10k 100k dual linear potentiometer 2

-

Left In

IC1a 3

1k 1
+

10uf
+

IC2a 3

Left Out

10k 100k 100k 6

-

10k 6
-

1k 7
+

10uf
+

7 4 10k

IC2b 5

Right Out

Right In

IC1b 5

10ohm 1/2W V+
+

to pin 8 IC1 and IC2 33uf

10ohm 1/2W Vto pin 4 IC1 and IC2 33uf

+

IC1 & IC2 are 5532 Dual Op amps for low noise. All resistors are 1% metal film 1/4W unless otherwise noted. Requires bipolar power supply from 9 to 15 volts.

For that different sound, Music a la Theremin

By Louis E. Garner, Jr. Published November 1967, Popular Electronics
For about the price of an inexpensive guitar, plus a few hours assembly time, you can own and enjoy what is perhaps one of the most versatile of all musical instruments: the unique and amazing theremin. Named after its Russian-born inventor, Leon Theremin, its frequency range exceeds that of all other instruments, including theater pipe organs, while its dynamic range is limited only by he power capabilities of the amplifier and speaker system with which it is used. Above all, it is a true electronic instrument, not just an electronic version of a familiar string, reed, or percussion instrument. Its tone is unlike that of any conventional instrument. A musician playing a theremin seems almost like a magician, for he can play a musical selection without actually touching the instrument itself! As he moves his hands back and forth near two metal plates, he seems to conjure up individual notes at any desired volume; he can slide from one musical note to another with ease, can produce tremolo and vibrato effects at will, and can even sound notes which fall outside the standard musical scale. He can play tunes or melodies, produce unusual sound effects, or can accompany a singer or another instrument-all by means of simple hand movements.* The theremin is ideal for amateur as well as professional musicians and can be used for fun sound effects as well as for serious music. It makes a wonderful addition to the home recreation room, and can be used equally well by rockn roll groups or larger bands. Theatrical groups find it just the thing for producing eerie and spine-tingling background effects to accompany mystery or horror plays, and for the budding scientist or engineer, it is an excellent Science Fair project. The typical theremin has two r.f. oscillators, one having a fixed, the other a variable, frequency, with their output signals combined in a mixer/amplifier stage. At tune-up, the oscillators are preset to zero beat at the same frequency. The frequency of the variable oscillator is controlled by an external tuning capacity--the antennawhich is a whip or simple metallic plate. As the musicians hand is moved near this antenna, the variable oscillator shifts frequency and a beat note is set up between the two oscillators. The pitch is proportional to the difference in frequency between the two oscillators. This beat note, amplified, is the theremins output signal. The more advanced theremin designssuch as the version presented hereuse a third oscillator to control output volume and two antennas. This theremin also uses a unique FET volume, and a FET output stage. See Fig. 1.

Construction
Except for the two control antennas, power switch S1, and battery B1, all components are assembled on a printed circuit board as shown full-size in Fig. 2(B). An insulated jumper is required between C15 and R20 as shown in Fig. 2(B) and Fig. 3. Mount the PC board in a suitable cabinet with four spacers (see Fig. 3), making sure that suitable holes are drilled in the cabinet or though a dialplate to accept the tuning-slug screws of L2 and L4. Coils L1 and L3 are mounted on small L-brackets; initially, these brackets should be adjusted so that L1 is at right angles to L2 and L3 at right angles to L4. Switch S1 is also mounted on the cabinet or

Nearly everyone who has ever watched television or attended a motion picture has heard music and background effects produced by a theremin, yet relatively few could recognize the instrument, and fewer still have had the chance to own or play one. With its astounding tonal and dynamic ranges, it has been used to produce background music and special effects in scores of science-fiction, fantasy, horror, and mystery shows. 1

dialplate, in the area of the L2 and L4 slug screws, while the battery is secured to the cabinet wall. Ordinary copper-clad circuit board can be used to make up the pitch and volume control antennas. Although the authors units are equilateral triangles approximately 9 on a side almost any other design will doshape is not critical. If desired, the upper surface of the antennas may be covered with a colorful material (see cover photo). The antennas are mechanically mounted on an electrically conducting support. The ones used by the author, (see Fig. 4) were six-inch lengths of 3/4 aluminum pipe with appropriate mounting flanges. The antennas were attached to the pipe with conduit plug buttons soldered to the bottom of each antenna. The flanges of the buttons should make a good friction fit to the pipe. A solder lug for connection to the PC board is placed under one of the pipe support mounting screws as shown in Fig. 3. Connect the negative lead of the battery to terminal B on the PC Board; then connect the positive battery lead, via S1, to terminal A. The center lead of the audio output coaxial cable is connected to terminal C on the PC board, while the associated braid is soldered to the ground foil. Connect the volume control lead and one lead from L3 to the proper hole on the PC board (see Fig. 3), then connect the pitch control lead and one lead of L1 together and solder to the hole on the PC board. The other ends of both coils are soldered to the ground foil of the PC board.

Tuning
Although the theremin is used with an external audio amplifier and speaker, no special test equipment is needed for the tuning adjustments. The procedure is as follows. 1. Temporarily short Q6s gate and source electrodes together, using either a short clip lead, or a short length of hookup wire, tack-soldered in place. 2. Preset the coil (L1, L2, L3, and L4) cores to their mid-position. 3. Connect the theremins output cable to the input jack of an audio amplifier (with speaker)-a guitar amplifier is ideal. Turn the amplifier on, volume up to nearly full. 4. Turn the theremin on by closing S1 and adjust L2s slug (keep hands or other parts of the body away from the pitch antenna) until a low frequency growl is heard from the speaker. 5. Turn the theremin off and remove the short from Q6. 6. Turn the theremin back on and adjust L4s slug until a point is found where the growl is heard from the speaker. Then adjust L3s stud until the sound is reduced to near zero. This setting, although somewhat critical, will be stable once obtained. 7. Finally, adjust L2s slug until the growl becomes lower and lower in pitch, finally disappearing as zero beat is reached. With the coils properly adjusted, no output signal will be obtained unless the operators hands are moved near the pitch and volume control plates simultaneously. As the operator approaches the pitch control plate, a low-frequency note should be heard increasing in pitch as the hand moves nearer and, finally, going higher and higher and beyond audibility as the hand almost touches the plate. As the operator puts his hand near the volume control, a low level signal should be heard, increasing in amplitude until maximum volume is attained just before the plate is touched. After the initial adjustments, L2 and L4 can be readjusted from time to time (using the front panel knobs) as needed to correct for minor frequency drift. In any case, a preliminary check of adjustment is always desirable whenever the theremin is to be used for a performance. One further adjustment is optional. Coil L1s positioning with respect to L2 will determine, to some extent, the shape of the output waveform and, hence, its harmonic content. The mounting bracket supporting L1 can be adjusted to reduce the mutual coil orientation to less 2

than 90 degrees if a greater harmonic content is desired. However, as the angle is reduced, low-frequency notes may tend to become pulse-like in character.

Installation
A guitar or instrument amplifier is an ideal companion unit for the theremin; either one allows bass or treble boost, as desired, and fuzz (distortion) or reverberation (if these features are incorporated in the amplifiers circuit). Simply provide a suitable cable plug and connect the theremins output cable to the amplifiers input jack. It is not necessary to purchase a special amplifier. The theremins output signal level is sufficient to drive most power amplifiers to full output without additional preamp stages. The instrument can be used, for example, with a monaural version of the Brute-70 amplifier described in the February, 1967 issue (of Popular Electronics). If the theremin is used in conjunction with a power amplifier which does not have a built-in gain (or volume) control, a volume level control should be added to its basic circuit to prevent accidental overdrive. This can be accomplished quite easily by replacing source load resistor R16 (Fig. 1) with a 10,000-ohm potentiometer.

Operation
The results obtained depend more on the ability of the operator than on built-in limitations within the unit itself. A good ear for music is a must, of course, but, in addition, a moderate amount of skill is required, particularly in finger or hand dexterity and movement. The latter is learned only through practice. For a start, here are the basic techniques. To sound an individual note, first move the pitch control hand to the proper position near the pitch antenna (as determined by practice) to sound the desired pitch. Next move the volume control hand quickly to the proper position near the volume antenna to sound the note at the desired level, then away after the proper interval to sound an eighth, quarter, half or full note. To sustain a note, hold both hands in position. The note volume may be increased slowly by moving the volume control hand slowly nearer the volume antenna, reduced by moving it slowly away. To slide from one note to another, hold the volume hand fixed in position and move the pitch hand nearer (or away from) the pitch antenna plate. To produce a vibrato effect, hold the volume hand fixed in position and shakeor tremble the pitch hand at the desired rate. To create a tremolo effect, hold the pitch hand fixed in position and vibrateor tremblethe volume control hand. Tremolo and vibrato effects can be produced by simultaneously rapidly moving both hands back and forth. If youve used triangularly shaped control plates in your instrument (as in the model shown), youll find that a given hand movement has less effect on operation near the narrow (pointed) end of the triangle than near its broad base. Practice is important! ================[30]======================

How It Works
Transistors Q1 and Q2 are the variable and fixed pitch oscillators respectively, while Q4 serves as the volume oscillator. Essentially similar circuits are used in all three oscillators, so only one (Q1) will be described here. Base bias is established by resistor voltage divider R1 and R2, with the former bypassed for r.f. by C3. Resistor R3 serves as the emitter (output) load. The basic operating frequency is determined by the tuned circuit of L1 and the combination of C1 and C2. In the case of Q1 and Q4, their tuned circuits are also connected to external antennas. When these antennas are loaded due to body capacitance (the presence of a hand near the antenna), this load is reflected to the tuned circuits as a capacitive change which, in turn, alters the frequency of oscillation. Because Q2s circuit uses no antenna, its frequency remains constant at all times. In operation, Q1s r.f. output signal is coupled to mixer/amplifier Q3 via coupling capacitor C5while Q2s signal is coupled to Q3 via C10. If these two oscillators (Q1 and Q2 ) are at the same frequency, then there will be no resultant beat present at the collector of Q3. However, since Q1s frequency is determined by how close the operators hand is to the pitch antenna, the resultant beat frequency will vary as the distance between the hand and antenna varies. Because the mixing action of Q3 produces both r.f. and audio beats, capacitor C12 is used to bypass the r.f. components and prevent them from appearing at the collector of Q3. The resultant audio beat is passed, via the volume control circuit, to the FET output stage, Q7. Oscillator Q4 (the volume oscillator), like pitch oscillator Q1, has its frequency of oscillation determined by the amount of hand capacitance near its antenna. The r.f. signal at the collector is coupled via C20 to another tuned circuit consisting of L4 and C22. The r.f. signal across this second tuned circuit is rectified by diode D1 and applied to the base of d.c. amplifier Q5. Thus, the d.c. voltage level present at the collector of Q5 is a function of the amount of r.f. present on L4-C22. This level is at its maximum when the L4-C22 tuned circuit is at the same frequency as the Q4 collector tuned circuit. In practice, however, the frequency of Q4s tuned circuit is made to be slightly higher than the L4-C22 frequency. As a result, very little d.c. signal is passed to the base of Q5. This means that the voltage at the collector of Q5 is at a maximum. If the frequency of Q4s tuned circuit is reduced, when a hand is placed near the volume antenna, the base current applied to Q5 increases, causing the collector voltage to drop. The unique volume control consists of FET Q6, connected in shunt with the audio signal flow. The audio signal at the collector of Q3 passes through d.c. blocking capacitor C13 and is also isolated (for d.c.) from Q7 by C14. Resistor R13 and FET Q6 are arranged as a voltage divider. If the gate voltage of Q6 is highly positive, then the FET acts as a low resistance between R13 and ground, greatly reducing the signal level allowed to pass to Q7. As the gate of Q6 gods less positive, the effective resistance of Q6 increases and the level of audio signal to Q7 increases. The voltage at the collector of d.c. amplifier Q5 is connected to the gate of Q6. As this voltage level is determined by the frequency of Q4, the operator can readily adjust the output volume by changing his hand capacitance to the volume antenna. The variable pitch variable-volume audio signal is coupled to an external audio amplifier via FET Q7. A FET is used for Q7 because its very high input-impedance (a couple of megohms) will not affect operation of FET Q6. If desired, the source resistor of Q7 can be changed to a similar valued potentiometer. -[30]-

PITCH ANT VOLUME ANT. JUMPER WIRE

C19 R17 Q4 L3 C20 R18 R19 C18 C17 L4

C8 D1 C6 Q2 Q5 C10 C21 R6 R20 C22 C7 C9 R7 R4

L2 R16

C15 C14

C11 R11 R9 C1

C3 R1 Q1 L1

Q7 C16 R8 R15

Q6 R13 Q3 C13

C5

R3 C12 R12 R10 R14 R7 C2

R2

C4

+9 VOLTS GROUND

AUDIO OUT

PITCH ANTENNA POWER R7

VOLUME ANTENNA 9V DC

R3 R2 C4 C3 C5 R20 Q5
C B E

C20 Q4
C B

C2

C1

Q1
B

C21 C19 C22

C17

L3 L4 R17 C18

L1

R1

D1

C9

R8 C12

C15 R18

R19

R6 C7 R5

R10

R12 Q3

C13 Q6
C S

R15
G G

Q7
D

C6

Q2
B

C10 C8

B E

R13
D

C14

C16
AUDIO OUT

L2

R4

R9

R11

C11

R14

R16

B1 C1,C6 C2,C7,C17,C22 C3,C8,C19 C4,C9 C5,C10 C11 C12,C14,C15 C13 C16 C18 C20,C21 D1 L1,L2,L3,L4 Q1,Q2,Q4 Q3,Q5 Q6,Q7 R1,R4,R17 R2,R5,R18 R3,R6,R7,R8, AND R11,R19 R9,R12,R16,R20 R10,R13 R14,R15

9-VOLT BATTERY 390pF POLYSTYRENE CAPACITOR 0.001uF POLYSTYRENE CAPACITOR 0.1uF DISC CERAMIC CAPACITOR 10uF, 15V ELECTOLYTIC CAPACITOR 60pF POLYSTYRENE CAPACITOR 200uF, 15V ELECTOLYTIC CAPACITOR 0.001uF DISC CERAMIC CAPACITOR 0.01uF DISC CERAMIC CAPACITOR 5uF, 15V ELECTOLYTIC CAPACITOR 0.01uF POLYSTYRENE CAPACITOR 4.7pF POLYSTYRENE CAPACITOR 1N34A DIODE 50-300uH ADJUSTABLE COIL MPS3638 TRANSISTOR (MOTOROLA) MPS3708 TRANSISTOR (MOTOROLA) TIS-59 N-CHANNEL FET (TEXAS INST) 47K 1/2W 10% RESISTOR 33K 1/2W 10% RESISTOR 1K 1/2W 10% RESISTOR 10K 1/2W 10% RESISTOR 100K 1/2W 10% RESISTOR 4.7MEG 1/2W 10% RESISTOR

Tone Booster
from Everyday Electronics Sept. 1978 peaks frequencies at 5000 Hz for a "cleaner and more penetrating" sound

+9v
+

150uf 330k 0.1uf

4k7 Q2

Q1 In 820k 2k2 0.1uf

+

100p 22000p

0.1uf

Out

2k2

4k7

+9v

Q1 - ztx384 Q2 - BC415p

Bass 1M 0.005uf

39k

Tone Control Circuits

Preamp w/ Bass & Treble Control 20uf

0.005uf 39k 10k

-

+V 709
+

IN

OUT Both of these circuits provide some additional control over tone. They were origionally intended for use with synth modules but could be easily incorporated into most any effects circuit.

20uf

0.0015uf

600 ohms

250k Treble

IN
+

+15v 10k 100k 4.7uf 500k

+

22k 6800pf 220 ohms 6800pf 1.0uf

+

250k

22k 6800pf

470k

56k

20uf 10k

OUT 47k
+

20uf 1k
+

0.5uf HEP 51 20uf

100k

6800pf 10pf 2k2 25k 2k2 470k 3k3 1N914 1N914

2k2

220 ohms

Unlabeled ???

= HEP 50

Tone Control circuit with signal isolation and impedance-matching stages.

Controllable Tremolo Circuit

+18v 4k7 1uf

+

10k

Depth 100k

5k6 0.1uf

47k

47k 1uf
+

1uf HEP 251 2k2 1M IN 1k 25k Rate 0.5uf 47k HEP 801
+

2uf

This tremolo circuit is not a "plug and play" ready guitar effect, however it could be converted to one with relative ease. It just needs some buffering on the input and ouput and perhaps some bypass switching.

OUT

1uf

Name:

Tube Distortion

Manufacturer / Designer:

Ron Black

Revision:

10/13/95

Model #

Circuit from Guitar Player : October 1981

Bridge Rectifier 120VAC 12VAC 200mA minimum 1

1N3600

IC2
3

12V 10k

470uf 50V

1000uf 12V

6V 100uf 6V
+

10k

In

12V 0.1uf 180k 180k 0.01uf

1 6 7
-

9 4

100k

2
+

13 12

0.01uf

IC1a
1

0.01uf

7 8

IC1b 500k
6

10

0.1uf Out Filament of 12AU7A

470k 22k 6V

1M

1M
4 5

12V

IC1 - 747 dual op-amp, others may be substitued but pinout will differ IC2 - LM340K-12V Voltage Regulator Bridge Rectifier - Full wave bridge recitifier, 50 Volts, 500 mA minimum All resistors 1/2 W, 10% prefered

Name:

TubeHead

Manufacturer / Designer: 0.05uf Vcc

PAiA Electronics IC1e

11 12 14

Revision: IC1f
15 3

11/4/95 IC1a
2

Model # 33uf
+

9305 33uf
+

12VAC 0.5A S1

D1 100uf 25v
+

100 +12v 1000uf 16v

+

10

IC1b IC1d
5 4

D3 33uf
+

D4

D5 33uf
+

D6

D7 33uf
+

220pf IC1c
7 6

1k +12v

10k

330

100uf 25v D2

1000uf 16v 100

33k -12v

33k +42v IC1 - 4049 CMOS Hex Inverting Buffer IC2, 3, & 4 - 5532 Dual Low-Noise OpAmp D1, 2 - 1N4001 D3, 4, 5, 6, & 7 - 1N4148 All 1uf caps 50v all others 25v unless marked otherwise. All resistors 1/4W, 5%

Vref

Vcc - Pin 1 IC1 +12v - Pin 8 IC2, IC3, & IC4 -12v - Pin 4 IC2, IC3, & IC4 - Pin 8 IC1

10k +42v 220 22k 10k Drive 2.2uf

+

0.01uf

1uf

270k 82k 12AX7

1 6

270k 100k 1uf

+

1uf
+

220 82k 10k Pre/ Post Blend 470k

6
-

47k" 47k*

2 3

20pf
+

10k Output 5pf

7
+

In

47k

1uf
2 7

IC2a 150k 3 Vref 2k7

4 9 6 8

100k Trim 8k2 2k7

470k

330

33uf Out

IC2b 10k 100k Trim Pot controls Symmetry

12VAC

100

Clip

+ -

3 2

IC4a

100k

Channel 1

Channel 2 is identicle to Channel 1, and uses IC4b for the clipping meter and IC3 for the input/output driver. The input impedance of the TubeHead is about 20k ohms, which is consistant with most gear like Synths, Effects Processors, Mixers, EQs, and so on. 20k is too low for a proper match with high impedance sources like guitar pickups, but a few minor changes take care of this. To use the TubeHead as a instrument pickup preamp, remove the 47k* resistor and the 20pf cap from the feedback loop of the driving OpAmp. Then change the 47k" resistor to 680k and the 22k resistor in the feedback loop of the driving OpAmp to 100k. Now the TubeHead can be used to warm up a cold sounding guitar amp or just provide a great preamp tone. Original circuit from December 1993 Electronic Musician

Name:

Tube Mic Pre

Manufacturer / Designer: 0.05uf Vcc

PAiA Electronics IC1b

5 4 3

Revision: IC1a
2 9

11/11/95 IC1d
10

Model # 33uf
+

9407 33uf
+

12VAC 0.5A S1 A

D1 470uf 25v
+

100 +15v 220uf 25v

+

IC1c
7

D3 220pf IC1e 33uf

+

D4

D5 33uf
+

D6

D7 33uf
+

G 330 470uf 25v D2

14
+

220uf 25v 100

33k -15v

33k

11

12

IC1f
15

Power +48v 470k PP On 100

+

Vcc - Pin 1 IC1 +15v - Pin 8 IC2, & IC3 -15v - Pin 4 IC2, & IC3 - Pin 8 IC1

IC1 - 4049 CMOS Hex Inverting Buffer IC2, & 3 - 5532 Dual Low-Noise OpAmp D1, D2 - 1N4001 D3 to D8 - 1N4148 D10 to D13 - 6.8v Zener Diode D9 - 51v Zener Diode 220

+48v

4k7 Phant.

10k
+

D9 47uf 10k 4.7uf Drive D10 D11 6k81 D12 # 10k D13 # 1k # 1k D8

270k 270

0.01uf IC2b 5
7
+

1uf

270k

270k 100k
1

1uf
+

82k 470k

10k Output 470 33uf

+

Output

100k
6

1uf
+

82k
6

10k Blend

100k # 33k
2 3

1uf
7

470k

1uf
2

5pf
+

Polarity
2 3 1

6k81

# 10k

IC2a
+

# Mic In

# 33k 220

All 33uf caps 16v all others 50v unless marked othewise. Resistors marked with # are 1% film type. The "Drive" LED indicates how hard the tube is being driven. The "Blend" control allows for a mixing of SS and tube coloration. Symmetry controls the relative amounts of even and odd harmonics, CCW the Tube Mic Pre may sound punchier, while CW it may sound warmer. The 12VAC needed for pin 5 of the 12AX7 can be obtained from point G while pin 4 should be connected to point A. Original circuit from Recording Magazine January 1995 1/2

4.7uf

12AX7
8 4 9 5 3

IC3a
3

150k 47k 10k Tube Drive 2k7

100k
Symmetry

10k # 10k
6

22k 2k7

470 #
-

33uf 2
3 1

12VAC

10k
7

IC3b 5 +

Bal Out

Name:

Tube Mic Pre (Mods)

Manufacturer / Designer:

PAiA Electronics

Revision:

11/11/95

Model #

USING STERO PHONE JACKS FOR INPUT 2 This mod converts the XLR jacks to 1/4" balanced stereo jacks. However, when a mono plug is used with this new jack the 3 1 inverting input of the differential amp is grounded, this single-ends the balanced input so standard phone plugs on dyanmic mics can be plugged in directly. Additionally the polarity switch still works, even for unbalanced inputs. If phantom power is not turned off while using a singled ended input the performance of the TMP will not be up to par but it wont damage the TMP either.

USING THE TMP WITH LINE LEVEL SIGNALS There are two options for line level signals. First if you know that youll be using line level signals all the time with the TMP then you can change the two 33k 1% resistors to 1k 1% types and your done. Alternatively if you want the option of line level or low level signals then you can sacrifice the polarity switch and and rewire it here as shown. Notice that the 47k resistors are again of the 1% variety.

Low / Line Level 47k

2 3 1 #

47k
#

Mic In

0.05uf Vcc 12VAC 0.5A S1 D1 470uf 25v

+

100 +15v 220uf 25v

+

USING DC TO POWER THE HEATER FILAMENTS This mod can make the TMP quiter. Insted of using the 12VAC to power the heater filaments rectified and filtered DC can be used. This is accomplished as shown. The new resistor added is a 15 ohm 1W type, the new cap is a 1000uf 25v as shown. It is critical that pin 5 of the 12AX7 connects to the ground point shown.

330

470uf 25v D2

220uf 25v 100

-15v Power 15 1W
+

1000uf 25v

Pin 4 12AX7 Pin 5 12AX7 2/2

UniVibe (model 905, by Unicord, circa 1968)

100K 22K B+ = 2SC828 except input transistor

+ IN
1u 22K 2SC539 1u

1.2M

47K

4.7K

100k

Chorus 100k

OUT

330p 3.3K

+
1u

1u 100k 47k Vibrato 220k

+
1.2M 47k 1u

6.8k

1.2K

B+

100k 15NF

4k7 220NF

100k

4k7 470N

100k

4k7 4N7uF

68k

100k

100k

100k

1u

1u

1u

100k

1u 4k7 47k 4k7

1u 4k7 47k 4k7

4k7

1u 47k

+
4k7

4k7

1u 47k

22k

CDS MXY-7BX4 B+

3.3k

+
2.2M 1u

+ 1u 4.7k
4.7k Cancel 250k 4.7k 1u

220k 250k

100k 10u 10u 47k

470

470

1k 24vac 1000Uf 115vac

+
220k

4.7k

50k

47k

220

+ 220 +

6.3vac

The UniVibe is famous from Jimis use of it. The LFO is a phase shift oscillator, with the dual 250K pots in the pedal assembly to control speed. A modern version would substitute an LED/photocell optocoupler for the four LDRs and the incandescent light bulb that makes the shifting work. This IS just a four stage phaser, perhaps with some distortion from the signal path thrown in. Since the Univibe (r) is being reissued by Dunlop, Dunlop probably owns the "Univibe" trademark these days. This schematic bears no resemblance, except accidental, to the reissue that Dunlop or anyone else may be making.

1u

Univox Super-Fuzz

47k 22k

220k

10k

22k 470

10k

100k

1k8 100k 0.1uf 100k 47k 470k

10k

270k 50k Drive

10k

22k

1k8

100k

470

100uf/10v

0.001uf Notch Level

100k

10k

47k 10k

10k

22k Normal 0.1uf 50k 100k 15k 1k

IN = high gain NPN; 2N2222, 2N3391 = 10 uF electrolytic cap, positive at straight bar

OUT

The Univox Super-Fuzz is a 69-to-early 70s design that includes two unique features. These are the octave generation effect from the differential-pair-with-collectors -tied-together and the choice of just a clipping amp or a 1kHz notch for different sounds. The odd-diffamp is actually a full wave rectifier as used here. The clipping is all done with the pair of back-to-back diodes just before the normal/notch filter section. These were originally germanium, although silicon works. You can use LEDs here for a different sound, but you need a lot of gain in the input to get enough signal to them to break them over.

Vox Tone Bender

1k -

.032uf

8.2k 9v + .022uf 10k Q2 50k - 100k

In
1/2

Q1 S1

1/2

S1

Out

47k

1k
+

25uf

8.2k

-Transistor Q1 is a SFT 363 -Transistor Q2 is a SFT 337 -Circuit is very similar to "Fuzz Face" -The 2n3906 may be used as a replacement for Q1 and Q2, however originals were probably germanium.

VOX Treble Booster

+9V 100K 2K2 0.1uF

2K2 500pF 2N2924

IN

22K

1K

+
10uF

OUT

Original Circuit

+9V 100K 2K2 0.1uF

0.022uF to 0.01uF

2K2 2N2924

500K

IN 22K 1K

+
10uF

OUT

Modified to be used as an overdrive/distortion unit

The input cap is changed from 500pF to 0.01 uF (1000pF) or 0.022 uF (2200 pF) to allow more bass in. This usually overloads the booster and causes crunchy distortion.