Weather and Climate Unit Flashcards

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Start learning a few and then add some in once you have mastered those few.
What is weather?
The state of the atmosphere at a given time and place.

- Temperature - Moisture - Wind - Air Pressure
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What is Climate?
The average weather of a particular part of the world at different times of the year. The layer of gases surrounding Earth; composed mainly of nitrogen and oxygen.
What is the atmosphere?
Troposphere
Lowest layer of the atmosphere. Weather occurs in this layer.
Stratosphere
Second layer of the atmosphere - Jets fly through, ozone found here. Middle layer of the atmosphere. Meteors burn up here.
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
Upper layer of the atmosphere. Northern Lights. Space Shuttle.
Exosphere
Layer of the atmosphere that merges with space.
Air pollution can be
Global Regional Local
Ozone Layer
Layers of atmosphere - Gas made of 3 oxygen atoms (O3) - Absorbs 99% of suns harmful UVB rays
---Dont sunbathe. The sun is radiation ---Tanning also increases your risk ----Avoid the sun, especially between 10-4PM ----Seek shade ----Wear a shirt (thicker and darker) ----Wear sunglasses ---Be especially wary fair skinned people
Ways to avoid skin cancer
Air Pressure
The pressure caused by the weight of the atmosphere.
As elevation ___________, air pressure decreases
As elevation increases, air pressure ______________
Barometer
An instrument that measures air pressure.
Warm air ______, cool air sinks.
Warm air rises, cool air _____.
Wind
Travels from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure!
Cold Front
Form where cold air moves towards warm air. Creates rain storms.
Warm Front
Form where warm air moves towards cold air.
Stationary Front
When cold and warm cannot overtake each other (tie)
Global Winds
Polar Easterlies Prevailing Westerlies Horse Latitudes Trade Winds Doldrums Trade Winds Horse Latitude Prevailing Westerlies Polar Easterlies
Coriolis Force
Caused by the rotating of the earth. A rotating body deflects.
Jet Stream
Any of the high-speed, highaltitude air currents that circle
the Earth in a westerly direction.
Wind Chill
The cooling effect of wind and temperature combined. The higher the wind, the cooler it gets.
Albedo
The reflectiveness of a surface. Black absorbs all colors while white reflects all colors.
A measure of the average kinetic energy (motion) of individual molecules in matter. 100 degreew Celsius = Water Boils 0 degrees Celsius = Water Freezes
Temperature
Thermometer
A device that measures the heat from expanding and contracting liquids or coils.
The seasons are caused by the
The tilt of the earths axis 23.5 degrees
The Water Cycle (Hydrologic Cycle)
The continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth.
Evaporation
Substance changes from a liquid state to gas state (requires energy).
Condensation
Water vapor (gas) turns back to a liquid. (energy required / cold) -cloud formation.
Precipitation
Water that is so heavy it falls as liquid / solid.
Dew
Moisture condensed from the atmosphere, esp. at night, and deposited in the form of small drops upon any cool surface.
Cloud
A visible body of very fine water droplets or ice particles suspended in the atmosphere at different altitudes.
Cirrus
High altitude wispy clouds made of ice crystals.
Cumulus
White puffy clouds
Stratus
Low lying layered clouds. Usually grey and dull.
Cumulonimbus
Very tall Dense, heavy, dark massive thunderstorms hard showers, explosive top, great vertical development
Meteorology
The study of atmosphere that focuses on weather process and forecasting.
Weather Tools
-Thermometer -Wind Vane Wind direction -Anemometer Wind speed -Barometer Measures air pressure -Rain Gauge: Measures rainfall. -Satellites: Provide larger view of weather. A line drawn on a weather map or chart linking all points of equal or constant temperature.
Isotherm
Climate Change
The gradual warming of the Earth caused by the greenhouse effect and manmade emission of greenhouse gases.
Biome
A large, distinctive complex of plant communities created and maintained by climate.
Tropical Rainforest
This biome is very wet with warm temperatures. This biome has the most plants and animals

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Cut squares along dotted line then fold in half and staple / tape to make flashcard.

The state of the atmosphere at a given time and place.

What is the atmosphere?

Lowest layer of the atmosphere. Weather occurs in this layer.

Upper layer of the atmosphere. Northern Lights. Space Shuttle.

Layer of the atmosphere that merges with space.

Air pollution can be

Global Regional Local

Ways to avoid skin cancer

The pressure caused by the weight of the atmosphere.

As elevation ___________, air pressure decreases

As elevation increases, air pressure ______________

An instrument that measures air pressure.

Warm air ______, cool air sinks.

Warm air rises, cool air _____.

Travels from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure!

Form where warm air moves towards cold air.

When cold and warm cannot overtake each other (tie)

Caused by the rotating of the earth. A rotating body deflects.

Any of the high-speed, highaltitude air currents that circle

the Earth in a westerly direction.

The seasons are caused by the

The tilt of the earths axis 23.5 degrees

The Water Cycle (Hydrologic Cycle)

Substance changes from a liquid state to gas state (requires energy).

Water that is so heavy it falls as liquid / solid.

High altitude wispy clouds made of ice crystals.

White puffy clouds

Low lying layered clouds. Usually grey and dull.

The study of atmosphere that focuses on weather process and forecasting.

A large, distinctive complex of plant communities created and maintained by climate.

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