Get With It in Wood Technology
By John Skull
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About this ebook
Exact words for exact meaning
To be adept in any particular subject ( art, cuisine or woodwork, for example) you need to know and be able to use effectively its specific language ( especially its vocabulary) which distinguish it from other subjects. Different subjects may use the same grammar, syntax, structure etc. but their vocabularies are subject -specific. Each distinct subject has its own particular and unique words. Many of the words used by a mechanic , for instance, are very different from ,say, those used by a chef.
If you want to be really competent in a subject , it is essential to have skills, of course, but you should know what you are talking about . Your practical skills should be blended with communication skills, of which vocabulary is an essential component.
It is sensible to learn the correct pronunciation of words you use , especially if you are speaking to a group of people, as mis-pronunciations can make you look foolish.
John Skull
I was brought up in a home that had no books. My hard-working parents were so involved in keeping a roof over our heads and food on the table that there was no money for books and little time for reading. Sounds a bit like a sketch from "Monty Python", doesn't it? Fortunately for me , they saw the benefits that a good education can produce and, over the years, I attended four tertiary institutions to gain academic qualifications, the final one being a Ph.D. I had a period in the British Army ( Intelligence Corps), serving mainly in Europe. I ran a marathon once – and once was enough! I taught in 2 Primary schools and specialised in English in three High schools and three uni's. Publishers in The U.K. , Australia and the U.S.A have been brave enough to publish 14 of my books- all educational - mostly non-fiction, factual stuff. I've also written children's stories, and recently quite a few e-books. I’ve enjoyed it and it's kept me out of mischief!
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Get With It in Wood Technology - John Skull
Get With It in Wood Technology
by
John Skull
Copyright © 2013 by John Skull
Foreword
The rationale of this book is based on the following opinion: The beginning of understanding and wisdom begins with the precise meaning of terms. (Confucius)
Wood
Pronounced: WUD (u as in bus)
Origin
Wood is from the Old English wudu, timber is from the Old English for a building and tree is from the Old English trewam.
Meaning
Trees have been on our planet since time immemorial . Chinese archaeologists have unearthed a wooden boat in East China dating back at least 7500 years.
There are over 6000 names for trees worldwide, with 60 species of pine, 20 of oak and 40-50 of mahogany.
Trees increase in size by adding ring growth to existing concentric growth rings beneath their bark. The botanical for this is exogenous.
The world’s tallest living tree is the Stratosphere Giant in California , which measures 112 meters or above 369 feet. The height of the tallest trees is not calculated (You will be relieved to hear!) by someone climbing them but by a triangulation method, using a laser device called a hypsometer, an instrument used for measuring altitude.
Wood, the fibrous tissue in most trees, has been used for hundreds of thousands of years, mainly to construct buildings and furniture and also for weapons. Nowadays, about 3.5 billion cubic meters of wood are harvested throughout the world each year but, don't worry there is still plenty available , as it is estimated that the earth has about one trillion tonnes of wood and it grows at the rate of about 10 billion tonnes a year.
Using powerful chain-saws, lumberjacks fell chosen trees and timber logs are conveyed to saw mills where workers remove the logs’ bark and powerful saws cut the rough-hewn timber into lengths. The timber is then seasoned and cured in seasoning ( drying) kilns. at a constant temperature to prevent the timbers’ distortion (warping). When further cut into manageable sizes, the wood is used by carpenters (originally the word for a wagon-maker) to construct buildings, boats, etc.
Arbor
Pronounced: A-BAW (a as in far, aw as in saw)
Origin
From the French arbre meaning tree or axis, which came from the Latin arbor meaning a tree. In former days, a tree was usually used as an axle (the spindle upon which a wheel revolves and the rod connecting two wheels).
Meaning
An arbor is an axle, shaft or spindle on a machine which revolves and transmits mechanical force to other parts of the machine. It is the spindle which olds a cutting device on a milling machine and the shaft on which work is held for turning on a lathe. It is also called a mandrel.
Arris
Pronounced
ARIS (a as in cat, I as in pin)
Origin
From the Latin arista meaning an ear of grain (which has sharp edges) and the Old French areste meaning a sharp edge or ridge. The word arete now means a sharp crest of a mountain.
Meaning
An arris is the point at which two plane surfaces meet to form a sharp edge , such as the edge of a table top. If the sharp edge could be dangerous, as on a chair leg, table edge or shelf edge, the edge is shaved or sanded off .This process is called ‘removing the arris edge’.
Associations
A want edge or wane edge is a piece of wood which is missing from an arris or an edge, owing to