Workaholic

This study had three aims. Firstly, to examine the validity of the workaholism triad as compared to the workaholism dyad. Secondly, to test the relationship between workaholism and work-family conflict. Thirdly, to explore the three-way relationships between worker type, WFC and supervisor support and flexible work schedules. Methodology: Participants consisted of 169 workers employed in the legal industry. The sample used was respondent-driven and questionnaires were self-administered. Workaholism was operationalised using 2 dimensions of the Spence and Robbins (1992) WorkBat: 1) drive to work and 2) work enjoyment, which produced 4 worker types (workaholics, enthusiastic workaholics, relaxed workers and uninvolved workers). Findings: Support was found for McMillan, Brady, O'Driscoll and Marsh's (2002) dyad conceptualisation of workaholism as opposed to Spence and Robbins' (1992) triad model. Specifically it was found that the work involvement subscale had low internal reliability and an unreliable factor structure. Results demonstrated that worker type was significantly related to WFC. Specifically, workaholics and enthusiastic workaholics experienced significantly more WFC than relaxed and uninvolved workers. Regarding the three-way relationships, it was found that worker type moderated the relationship between schedule flexibility and WFC. Specifically, it was found that enthusiastic workaholics, in contrast to their workaholic counterparts, experienced declining WFC with access to flexible scheduling. Supervisor support was not significant. Practical implications: The current study suggests that blanket policies, designed to promote work-life balance, are unlikely to be effective for all employees. Indeed, it appears that although both workaholics and enthusiastic workaholics experience high levels of WFC, these two worker types may require different support mechanisms in order to achieve greater work-life balance. Value of Paper: Despite their apparent conceptual linkage, the relationship between workaholism and work-family conflict has not been explored in the literature to date. The current study contributes to the field of organisational behaviour both through proposing an additional dispositional antecedent to WFC (i.e. workaholism) and through uncovering an additional consequence of workaholic behaviour patterns (i.e. WFC).

Öz Günümüz iş yaşamında sıkça görülen işkoliklik davranışı toplum içinde çalışkanlığın bir göstergesi olarak yanlış algılansa da sonuçları itibarıyla olumsuz etkiler yaratan bir iş hastalığıdır. Farklı demografik faktörlere sahip bireylerin iş ve özel yaşam için ayırmaları gereken sürelerin farklılığı çalışma tarzlarına ve iş kavramına bakış açılarına da yansıyacağı için işkoliklik kavramını demografik özelliklere göre incelemekte de fayda vardır. Araştırmada işkolikliğin ölçülmesi için DUWAS işkoliklik ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırmada cinsiyete, medeni duruma, çocuk sayısına, bağlı bulunan kuşağa ve eğitim durumuna göre işkoliklik eğilimi değerlendirilmiştir (N=218). Anahtar Kelimeler: Đşkoliklik, iş bağımlılığı, DUWAS işkoliklik ölçeği, demografik faktörler. Abstract Although being a workaholic is perceived as a sign of heavy working by society, when results are considered, it is as an industrial disease. It is necessary to explore workaholics according to demographic factors since it directly affects working life through work perceptions and time needed to spend for work and private life. DUWAS Dutch work addiction scale is used for the measure of workaholism. In this research, workaholism is analyzed according to gender, marital status, number of children, generation and education level (N=218).

Although research on work engagement has made great progress over the past 10 years, how best to measure work engagement is still an open question. The aim of the present study was to compare two multidimensional scales measuring work engagement: the popular and widely used Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES; Schaufeli & Bakker, 2003) capturing vigor, dedication and absorption and the newly developed ISA Engagement Scale (ISAES; Soane, Truss, Alfes, Shantz, Rees, & Gatenby, 2012) capturing intellectual, affective, and social engagement. When examining the intercorrelations of the scales’ total and subscale scores and their relationships with job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and workaholism in a sample of 130 employees, results showed that—even though UWES and ISAES total and subscale scores showed considerable overlap—they captured unique variance in the outcome variables, indicating that the two scales tap different aspects of engagement. Based on the present and previous findings (Soane et al., 2012), we recommend to use both scales when measuring work engagement to capture all aspects of the construct and gain a better understanding of how different aspects of work engagement contribute to outcomes that are of key interest to organizational and occupational psychology.

Öz Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, akademisyenlerin işkoliklik özelliklerinin mensup oldukları kuşağa göre farklılık arz edip etmediğinin belirlenmesidir. Katılımcıların işkoliklik düzeyini ölçmek için, Schaufeli, Taris ve Bakker (2006) tarafından geliştirilen ve Türkçe'ye uyarlaması Doğan ve Tel (2011) tarafından yapılan DUWAS işkoliklik ölçeği kullanılmıştır. DUWAS İşkoliklik Ölçeği, Aşırı Çalışma ve Kompulsif Çalışma olmak üzere 2 boyut ve on dört maddeden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın katılımcıları Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi'nin değişik fakültelerinde ve meslek yüksekokullarında görev yapan öğretim üyesi ve öğretim elemanlarıdır. Toplamda 348 akademisyenden elde edilen veriler üzerinden çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin güvenirliğini belirlemek amacıyla hesaplanan iç tutarlık (Cronbach alfa) katsayısı ölçeğin tümü için. 86, " aşırı çalışma " faktörü için. 77 ve " kompulsif çalışma " faktörü için .75 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, akademisyenlerin işkoliklik özellikleri açısından kuşaklar arasında istatistikî açıdan önem arz eden bir farklılığa ulaşılamamıştır. Literatürdeki bilgilerin aksine Y kuşağına dâhil olan katılımcıların diğer iki kuşaktan daha işkolik oldukları ancak aradaki farkın anlamlı olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Demografik değişkenler açısından bakıldığında ise sadece cinsiyete göre anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Medeni durum ve akademik unvan değişkenleri açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı bir farklılık yoktur.

Abstract The aim of this study is to determine whether the workaholism features of academicians differ according to the generations they belong to. To measure the level of workaholism of the participants Duwas scale is used developed by Schaufeli, Taris and Bakker (2006) and adapted to Turkish by Doğan ve Tel (2011). This scale consists of 14 items with two dimensions such as working excessively and working compulsively. The participants of this study are the instructors and the teaching assistants from different faculties and vocational schools of Süleyman Demirel University. The study is conducted by the data comprising of 348 academicians in total. To ascertain the reliability of the scale the Cronbach alfa is identified .86 for the overall scale besides the cronbach alfa for the working excessively is .77 and .75 for the working compulsively. The results of the study showed no statistically significant with regard to academicians' workaholic features. In contrast to the extant literature the participants belong to