Pharmacognocy

Picralima nitida leaf is a rich source of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, and saponins. The leaf of Picralima nitida has been used ethanomedicinally used in the treatment of ulcers, diabetes, sexual impotence and hypertension. To evaluate the pharmacognostic properties and anti-ulcer activity of the ethanol crude extract and fractions of Picralima nitida leaves. The Pharmacognistic properties of the dry leaves were determined using standard method. The leaves were extracted using ethanol, the acute toxicity was determined. The crude ethanol extract was then fractionated using solvents of increasing polarity (n-Hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water) fraction. The qualitative and quantitative phytochemical constituents and the antiulcer evaluation were performed on ethanol induced in wister rats using standard method. Picralima nitida leaf shows the presence of saponins, terpenoids, Alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids. The crude ethanol extract has high safety margin. A significant reduction in antiulcer activity was found in 500mg ethanol crude extract and butanol fraction when compared to the standard drug (Famotidine). The

Cydonia oblonga Miller (C. oblonga) is considered as an important medicinal plant throughout
the world. It is native to Mediterranean region and Central Asia having a long term history of
medicinal and ethnobotanical use. C. oblonga is well known for its antidiabetic, antioxidant,
antimicrobial, antiallergic, antihemolytic, aphrodisiac and UV protectant activity. It is a good
and low cost natural source of metabolites with interesting biological properties. Extensive
research has been performed on the metabolic profile and biological potential of this species.
In particular, quince leaves reveal to constitute a promising natural source of bioactive
phytochemicals and are suitable for application in nutritional/pharmaceutical fields. Mostly it is
grown for fruit and also serves as rootstock for pear. This paper gives an overview of scientific
literature available on plant C. oblonga.