National Traditions

В статье рассматривается репрезентация пространства города Вильнюса в поэтических, прозаических, автодокументальных и других текстах И. Эренбурга, В. Луговского, Е. Долматовского, А. Исбаха (Бахрах), В. Устинова, Ю. Кобрина, Г. Кановича, А. Кленова (Купершток), Н. Старшинова, В. Огнева, В. Аксенова, К. Паустовского, Д. Самойлова (Кауфман), В. Рождественского, И. Бродского, созданных в период от конца 1940-х до начала 1980-х гг. Цель исследования состоит в выяснении стратегий присвоения Вильнюса. Анализ материала показал, что в образе столицы одной из трех прибалтийских советских республик комбинируются черты «другого» пространства, окрашенного умеренной экзотикой принадлежности к литовской национальной и западноевропейской культуре, и пространства «своего», к элементам которого относятся фигуры и эпизоды революционной и национально-освободительной борьбы, русской национальной истории и истории культуры. Эти элементы включают Вильнюс в русский исторический и культурный текст, вписывая город в советский исторический метанарратив, к чему и сводится его присвоение.

In this work, the author highlights the possibilities of reinterpretation of the national tradition, craft, and traditional folk motifs in product-, fashion- and textile design. Through the examples of student project works, writing presents the potentials of reinterpreting national heritage, introducing the critical issues of the methodology, and describing the overall and specific methodological benefits of the work. The idea of sustainability guided the works and collections presented in this writing; some of them have been created in line with the tendencies of slow fashion. Examples of student works were realized at the Óbuda University in Budapest (Hungary); part of them were diploma works, and some were Project Works realized by international students, who participated in student exchange programs. The base assignment to the students was to make a research on a specific area of the traditions and national heritage, and after establishing the requirements and framing the design concept to prepare a series of designs, produce mock-ups, samples or prototypes, and finally, to elaborate results in an essay. These requirements help specialized knowledge to integrate into a single project developing individual skills. As a unique feature, while learning about re-interpretation and application possibilities of folk motifs in different areas of design, and gaining knowledge in collection development and experiences vital for the profession, students familiarize with the culture, traditions, and heritage of a foreign nation.

Having lived in a rural environment during my formative years, I was exposed, almost daily, to local folklore, and lived by traditions that have survived from one generation to the next. These traditions, which were so natural in a country setting, were relatively unknown among the city folks.