Mobile Government

E-commerce has been identified as an enabler of economic development/growth in developing countries. This is due to the preponderant role that e-commerce plays in developing world as a catalyst towards improved customer service ; expansion of market reach [11]; improved customer relationship and communications and supply chain integration . In the South African case, the currently installed undersea cable which promises faster and more reliable Internet connection and the current government efforts to increase SMMEs online visibility make e-commerce an attractive platform to conduct online business. It is in this context that this paper seeks to investigate factors that contribute to e-commerce adoption. Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model, this paper investigates the adoption of e-commerce from 180 SMMEs in Pietermaritzburg area in South Africa. The findings reveal that although facilitating conditions have not influenced the decision to adopt e-commerce in the surveyed SMMEs, social influence, effort expectancy, performance expectancy are determinants of e-commerce within the selected SMMEs. Thus, this paper recommends a managerial approach towards the adoption of e-commerce focusing on making it easier for employees to execute their daily tasks.

Viviamo in un'epoca nella quale le accelerazioni impresse dalle innovazioni tecnologiche sono sempre più frequenti e spesso anche 'rivoluzionarie'. Nel settore delle pubbliche amministrazioni e negli ambienti della comunicazione pubblica questi fenomeni richiedono un aggiornamento continuo e, tuttavia, critico e ragionato. Dobbiamo essere in grado di conoscere i processi di sviluppo tecnologico per poi pianificare strategie pertinenti sia agli obiettivi che ai destinatari della comunicazione.
Lo scopo di questo volume, frutto del ciclo di seminari Compu-tec (Comunicazione Pubblica e Tecnologie) in programma da due anni all'Università di Siena, è proprio questo: l'aggiornamento critico. I saggi contenuti nel libro sono frutto del lavoro di docenti ed esperti di comunicazione pubblica e di tecnologie che hanno proposto la loro riflessione sulle potenzialità e gli sviluppi più recenti delle applicazioni digitali e del Web 2.0 in ambito pubblico.
Uno scenario complesso e interessante che si snoda attraverso due percorsi di analisi. Il primo, 'Conoscere', passa in rassegna le tecnologie digitali, il loro grado di penetrazione e le problematiche connesse alla loro diffusione. Analizza il ruolo dei media sociali e le nuove modalità di comunicazione e partecipazione attiva che questi offrono nelle relazioni tra pubbliche amministrazioni e cittadini. Il secondo percorso, 'Interagire e Partecipare', illustra funzioni e potenzialità dei servizi al cittadino che la pubblica amministrazione può veicolare attraverso la televisione, il telefono cellulare e le piattaforme mobili. Si occupa, inoltre, di customer satisfaction e servizi on line, del ruolo delle tecnologie nella comunicazione sanitaria e dei rapporti tra la campagna presidenziale americana e i social network. Infine, in appendice, un pratico glossario di base per orientarsi tra sigle e termini del mondo digitale.

The paper aims to study Hadrian’s reputation as a ruler on the move in Latin, Greek, Syriac, and Byzantine histories and chronicles from the third to the twelfth century. The paper also assesses how early Roman, late antique and medieval historians’ opinions on mobile and sedentary modes of governing influenced Hadrian’s portrait. In addition, it will study how his attitudes towards Jews and Christians were depicted in conjunction with his journeys.

Electronic government (e-government) has been attracting the attention of the world for the past two decades, and specifically, upon the advent of the internet. Governments worldwide have spent billions of dollars to date to transform themselves into e-government. However, their efforts and large investments resulted mainly in online portals and scattered electronic services. Various studies indicate that e-government initiatives are failing to meet citizens' expectations for convenient service delivery systems. Nonetheless, the rapid pace at which technology is innovatively evolving and its disruptive nature is forcing new realities to be accepted in e-government domain. The new forms of mobility made possible by the transforming technologies are not only changing how people live their lives today, but also redefining business models, employee productivity, customer relationship, and even how governments are structured. The growing usage of smartphones and tablets have significant impact on all industries, but at large how government services are delivered. This study attempts to provide some qualitative input to the existing body of knowledge. It sheds light on some trends that have high impact to disrupt existing technological-based channels of interaction between governments and citizens, and ultimately on service delivery. It also sheds light on the role of modern identity management infrastructure in enabling higher levels of trust and confidence in mobile transactions.

The mobile-Government (m-Government) is one of the most important concepts that have been in the top consideration for the last decades. The purpose of the m-Government is to provide a suitable and reliable infrastructure for citizens to access services easily. It also provides better opportunities to people to participate in social events and activities. By this means, providing tools for implementing the m-Government activities is of most significance. In Iran, m-Government initiative was launched as a part of the country's overall information technology plan (for instance: e-Government) focused on ICT as a tool to reform public organizations. In this paper, a review of literature of m-Government in recent years, together with survey and comparison of current models of m-government, has led to the proposal of native m-services in Iran. The population is all managers of Information technology sectors in 22 regions of Tehran municipalities. Analysis tools of data are SWOT and QSPM matrixes. The outcome results are in the form of a comprehensive model which emphasizes that the m-Government policy can be an effective approach to provide better services to citizens.

Nowadays, the combining of advanced mobile communications and mobile account now in portable devices named "smart phones" has becomes more great uses. Among of these include health care professionals. Few studies in the challenge, blurred reality challenge facing the patient and developer alike in the usability of mobile health. Therefore, this paper

Smartphone applications for communication between municipalities and residents become common, but the academic literature covering them is lacking. In this exploratory, multi-method study, we offer a review of the phenomena of dedicated municipal apps, explore the extent of penetration of municipal applications in an Internet-savvy country, analyze the profiles of adopting and non-adopting municipalities, and classify the apps’ common features.

Este trabalho descreverá um levantamento de ações de governo móvel no Brasil sejam elas desenvolvidas para uso por meio de coletores de dados, celulares, handhelds, entre outros dispositivos ou para acesso por intermédio de centrais de serviços moveis onde veículos do Estado se deslocam, principalmente para localidades longínquas e/ ou de baixo poder aquisitivo. O estudo foi realizado por meio de uma pesquisa do tipo aplicada e exploratória. Finalizando o artigo, se sugere que o Governo Federal estimule o uso de canais móveis e os perceba como estratégicos.

The mobile-Government (m-Government) is one of the most important concepts that have been in the top consideration for the last decades. The purpose of the m-Government is to provide a suitable and reliable infrastructure for citizens to access services easily. It also provides better opportunities to people to participate in social events and activities. By this means, providing tools for implementing the m-Government activities is of most significance. In Iran, m-Government initiative was launched as a part of the country's overall information technology plan (for instance: e-Government) focused on ICT as a tool to reform public organizations. In this paper, a review of literature of m-Government in recent years, together with survey and comparison of current models of m-government, has led to the proposal of native m-services in Iran. The population is all managers of Information technology sectors in 22 regions of Tehran municipalities. Analysis tools of data are SWOT and QSPM matrixes. The outcome results are in the form of a comprehensive model which emphasizes that the m-Government policy can be an effective approach to provide better services to citizens.

Este ensaio apontará os resultados de uma pesquisa aplicada, do tipo exploratória que teve o objetivo de identificar as principais barreiras na implantação de serviços públicos por canais móveis. O estudo detectou que a falta de interesse e de conhecimento dos dirigentes e das equipes de informática dos órgãos públicos, a falta de vontade política, de liderança entre outros motivos são limitadores para o avanço dessas ações. Por fim, se conclui que o governo móvel é uma forte tendência devido a penetração de dispositivos móveis no país, a convergência de redes e o movimento em direção a terceira geração da telefonia móvel.

Il faut situer dans l'Orient ancien l'émergence de l'État antique, c'est-à-dire la création d'une structure pérenne de gestion et de contrôle, de protection et de contrainte, qui requit l'établissement d'une organisation publique appuyée sur divers services administratifs et militaires, fiscaux et judiciaires plus ou moins étoffés selon les exigences et les compétences de cette forme d'encadrement social. La concentration de l'autorité politique en la personne d'un souverain légitimé par son essence divine, sa prééminence sacrée, son ascendance familiale ou ses prouesses militaires, imposa la mainmise sur des populations et un territoire dépassant le champ de vue d'un seul monarque, fût-il très puissant, et la nécessité de relayer son autorité au plus près de ses sujets, à la fois justiciables et contribuables, par un système efficace de délégation hiérarchisée du pouvoir public. L'extension de l'autorité du souverain exigea la transmission et l'exécution de sa volonté par un réseau d'intermédiaires et de subalternes plus nombreux qui s'interposaient nécessairement entre le pouvoir central et les administrés. Certes, l'Antiquité classique vit également naître les cités, mais dans ce cadre institutionnel la problématique du déplacement des dirigeants ne se posait pas ou de manière quelque peu différente, car la cité-État s'organisait autour d'un ressort territorial circonscrit qui n'exigeait pas le déplacement régulier de magistrats désignés pour exercer un mandat spécifique et limité. En revanche pour des espaces aussi étendus et différents que l'Assyrie ou les royaumes hellénistiques, l'Égypte pharaonique millénaire ou l'Arménie arsacide, la Babylonie ou l'Empire romain, la bureaucratisation précoce et progressive de l'État monarchique, bien attestée par les sources documentaires encore conservées, semblait constituer une étape indispensable à la construction et à l'amplification de l'autorité du souverain qui irradiait depuis un centre de commandement vers une périphérie plus ou moins soumise ou rétive. Constitutif de la nature monarchique de la plupart des États antiques, ce rapport de subordination entre la capitale et les provinces, pour évident qu'il paraisse, induit un schéma institutionnel qui encourage sans doute trop le rapprochement avec les structures administratives des époques postérieures, au risque de l'anachronisme ou de la méprise.

La quarantaine d'études réunies dans cet ouvrage couvrent les grandes périodes canoniques de l'histoire occidentale que sont l'Antiquité, le Moyen Âge, la période moderne et l'époque contemporaine. Ce découpage quadripartite, classique et commode dans une perspective didactique, n'induit peut-être pas seulement une division chronologique ordinaire de la matière historique étudiée, et laisse s'introduire de manière discrète, presque imperceptible, la notion sous-jacente de succession et de développement des sociétés ou, pour le dire autrement, l'idée d'une hiérarchie des civilisations et d'un progrès continu de l'humanité vers le temps présent. Les motivations de l'itinérance des souverains et leur perception par leurs contemporains, tout au long des cinq mille ans d'histoire scrutés et synthétisés dans le présent livre, reflètent autant les évolutions du politique que celles de la pensée qui, dès lors, paraissent suivre un chemin parallèle et presque trop linéaire. Chaque structure de pouvoir, désormais disparue et toujours plus éloignée de la mémoire vivante au point d'être parfois assombrie et méjugée, semble constituer l'annonce désarticulée et l'ébauche imparfaite du système politique suivant qui, à son tour, préfigure un nouveau modèle institutionnel plus efficace encore.

While critically reviewing previous studies on mobile experience in selected major areas of mobile activities, the proposed book also identifies areas for further studies, especially focusing on how to measure and model mobile experience in those selected areas. Topics include mobile learning, mobile travel, mobile social networking, mobile journalism, mobile photography, mobile filmmaking, mobile childcare, mobile healthcare, mobile grey care, mobile dating, friendship, and mobile volunteering.

The publication of this proposed book aims at providing advances and insights on mobile experience in different areas. First of its kind, this volume will provide timely and insightful evaluation and recommendations to educators, practitioners, ​and researchers of mobile media and communications around the world.

Registros apontam que o Estado brasileiro vem utilizando as Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs) desde a década de 1960 por intermédio de empresas publicas de processamento de dados. Em nível federal, a instituição pioneira, foi o Serviço Federal de Processamento de Dados (SERPRO) criado em dezembro de 1964. Já nos estados, a instituição que iniciou o uso desses recursos foi a Companhia de Processamento de Dados do Paraná (CELEPAR) criada por lei estadual, também no segundo semestre daquele ano.

Este ensaio apontará os resultados de uma pesquisa aplicada, do tipo exploratória, instrumentada por um questionário portal, que teve o objetivo de identificar as principais barreiras na implantação de serviços públicos por canais móveis uma vez que o cenário de modernização do Estado, a alta penetração dos aparelhos celulares no Brasil, a demanda social crescente por serviços de maior valor agregado e de qualidade são cada vez mais latentes. O estudo tentará por fim, gerar subsídios para a formulação de políticas públicas de governo de forma multicanal principalmente, para a construção de aplicações de governo móvel.

The article analyses the main aspects of upstream social marketing for implementing of mobile government (MGov). The methodology of current research is based on the systematic literature review in the fields of MGov and social marketing. According to our findings, most researchers investigated MGov from the side of citizens (consumers) and emphasised the benefits to them while changing their attitudes and behaviours in employing mobile applications. However, as there is a lack of the researches from the side of governmental bodies, in this paper, we were contrary looking for new meanings, attitudes and values from their perspective. Limitations of employment of MGov occur due knowledge gap among decision makers and public policy formers (upstream audience). Therefore, we argue that upstream social marketing for the upstream audience would bring the success in faster MGov implementation. Specific social marketing would be mostly valuable on the municipal level that is the closest sub...

Today, governments all over the world attempt to enhance their service delivery channels in order to create more interactive communication and improve the level of citizen satisfaction and trust. By growing technology and online platforms, governments tend to deliver number of online services to citizens which positively facilitate and accelerate steps of accomplishment of a service through World Wide Web, citizen could access services everywhere at any time and this could play a vital role in raising their satisfaction from e-government. However, today by dramatic improvement of mobile platform, e-government is being transformed to m-government. This paper investigates on importance of m-government in delivering professional e-services through mobile technologies. Similarly by analysing various m-government services numbers of m-government growth barriers are analysed and a framework is proposed to enhance future researches on this field.

Organisations are increasingly turning to Content Management Systems (CMS) to handle the delivery of information to stakeholders. For companies hoping to supply to the mobile demand there are two options: either create duplicate information for mobile devices or leverage their existing CMS data. As the creation of duplicate information is often excessively time consuming and costly, leveraging existing content and repurposing it to a mobile friendly format is the optimal route. This paper explores the case of Oakland County's eGovernment in this endeavor, and proposes a three-stage approach involving a Process Transformation Framework (PTF), a Mobile Content Platform (MCP), and an Asset Leverage Strategy (ALS), that affords flexibility, scalability and reuse of existing digital content by organisations for the mobile channel. In addition, the requisite market research to identify the web content and services of greatest value proposition to a government's constituents (residents) is presented.

Electronic and mobile government services represent a tremendous impetus to move forward in the 21st century with the potential to bring about a higher quality and more cost effective services to enhance the relationship between citizens and government. In this paper, the municipalities' electronic services provided to citizens are examined based on the assessment of their websites. As a result, a typology of electronic and mobile services is proposed. Furthermore, the users' perspective is inquired in order to depict the awareness, the usage and the attitude of citizens in relation to the electronic and mobile services provided by the municipalities in Northern Greece. Therefore, electronic services are used only by a small percentage of Greek citizens due to lack of awareness and trust in electronic government. Mobile services are regarded to be beneficial, while high cost and lack of network connection seem to be barriers for their usage.

Abstract: In this paper we evaluate recent mobile government efforts in Turkey within a broader context of e-government. We identify that there are various effective examples of mobile government implementations in Turkey, though traditional egovernment coordination is yet to be realized. We analyze these concurrent developments in terms of both unique value added by mobile government implementation as well as macro and micro level benefits for a developing country such as Turkey.

The mobile or electronic government provides very good opportunity for society and government, which has its own unique threats, bottlenecks and challenges.Emerging technologies have caused governmental organizations to refer the mobile technologies in order toproviding the services which has led to the phenomenondue to the advantage of lack of condition in place and time. Security and increased rate of advanced mobile malware development are all considered serious threats for smart phone system ecosystem. Ecosystem series form cell phone in response to accidents. Challenges like legal issues, infrastructure implementation prerequisites, education and preparation, include security and so on. By examining weaknesses and strengths of existing models in other countries as well as considering existing talents in the country, it will access current services and if possible develop new services. The e-government means using the power of information and information technology for creating a new level of government that is consistent with information and network community. In this research, westudy the quality of services on the mobile state ecosystem and its advantages and challenges which have been analyzed on the basis of efficiency, availability and security in order to be able to evaluatefinally these criterions using the Shannon entropy method and obtain the high quality of service provided in this system.The e-government and mobile government are not two separated things, but mobile government is a subset of e-government. This research examines mobile government ecosystem and its benefits and challenges.

Electronic government (e-government) has been attracting the attention of the world for the past two decades, and specifically, upon the advent of the internet. Governments worldwide have spent billions of dollars to date to transform themselves into e-government. However, their efforts and large investments resulted mainly in online portals and scattered electronic services. Various studies indicate that e-government initiatives are failing to meet citizens' expectations for convenient service delivery systems. Nonetheless, the rapid pace at which technology is innovatively evolving and its disruptive nature is forcing new realities to be accepted in e-government domain. The new forms of mobility made possible by the transforming technologies are not only changing how people live their lives today, but also redefining business models, employee productivity, customer relationship, and even how governments are structured. The growing usage of smartphones and tablets have significant impact on all industries, but at large how government services are delivered. This study attempts to provide some qualitative input to the existing body of knowledge. It sheds light on some trends that have high impact to disrupt existing technological-based channels of interaction between governments and citizens, and ultimately on service delivery. It also sheds light on the role of modern identity management infrastructure in enabling higher levels of trust and confidence in mobile transactions.

M-learning systems have become the order of the day for universities in countries like Uganda to conduct studies to their students. The main attention towards M-learning is the increase in the number of mobile devices such as mobile phones, PDAs, Smart Phones, laptops, and iPads as well as enhancements in the technological capabilities of these devices. The purpose of this study was to develop a model to enhance students’ intention to adopt and use mobile learning. A number of factors have hindered the adoption and use of M-learning. Various solutions have been put forward but they have not adequately addressed the issue of adoption and use of M-learning in Ugandan Universities. In developing countries, M-learning adoption and use is also constrained by lack of information about its requirements. The need therefore remains, to determine requirements and customize existing M-learning adoption models to suit the needs of universities in developing countries.

In this chapter, the writers present and discuss the findings from an empirical study conducted in Turku, Finland, to explore the social workers' willingness to adopt mobile communication technologies in the workplace, and more specifically in the context of domiciliary care. As the respondents have many distinguishing features (the population consisted solely of females with a relatively high median age), the results contradict some assumptions generally made in literature about the impact of age and experience on technology adoption. Considering the rate at which information and communication technology is developing and its use spreading in IGI PUBLISHING

The article analyses the main aspects of upstream social marketing for implementing of mobile government (MGov). The methodology of current research is based on the systematic literature review in the fields of MGov and social marketing. According to our findings, most researchers investigated MGov from the side of citizens (consumers) and emphasised the benefits to them while changing their attitudes and behaviours in employing mobile applications. However, as there is a lack of the researches from the side of governmental bodies, in this paper, we were contrary looking for new meanings, attitudes and values from their perspective. Limitations of employment of MGov occur due knowledge gap among decision makers and public policy formers (upstream audience). Therefore, we argue that upstream social marketing for the upstream audience would bring the success in faster MGov implementation. Specific social marketing would be mostly valuable on the municipal level that is the closest sub...

In this chapter, the writers present and discuss the findings from an empirical study conducted in Turku, Finland, to explore the social workers' willingness to adopt mobile communication technologies in the workplace, and more specifically in the context of domiciliary care. As the respondents have many distinguishing features (the population consisted solely of females with a relatively high median age), the results contradict some assumptions generally made in literature about the impact of age and experience on technology adoption. Considering the rate at which information and communication technology is developing and its use spreading in IGI PUBLISHING

Mobile governance (m-governance), which is considered as an extension of electronic governance (egovernance), has enormous opportunity to flourish in the developing countries due to the rapid increase of mobile phone subscribers. There are also a number of challenges accompanying the opportunities for design and implementation of mobile governance in developing countries. In this paper a conceptual framework is proposed based on secondary research to justify the current mobile governance situation of developing countries, with Bangladesh being selected as the case study, by explaining the essential components of a mobile governance system and the surrounding environmental factors that have influence upon it.

The article analyses the main aspects of upstream social marketing for implementing of mobile government (MGov). The methodology of current research is based on the systematic literature review in the fields of MGov and social marketing. According to our findings, most researchers investigated MGov from the side of citizens (consumers) and emphasised the benefits to them while changing their attitudes and behaviours in employing mobile applications. However, as there is a lack of the researches from the side of governmental bodies, in this paper, we were contrary looking for new meanings, attitudes and values from their perspective. Limitations of employment of MGov occur due knowledge gap among decision makers and public policy formers (upstream audience). Therefore, we argue that upstream social marketing for the upstream audience would bring the success in faster MGov implementation. Specific social marketing would be mostly valuable on the municipal level that is the closest sub...

With the high population, poor provided services because of employees' lack of professionalism, long queues, dilemma of paperwork and working hours the Egyptian government Over the past decade has been working on facilitating the delivery of government services through the Egyptian government portal which attempted to improve the current situation but unfortunately is not widely used so with the extensive mobile technologies development it has opened new opportunities to facilitate the easy communication between different parties that has encouraged The Egyptian government to start offering a number of mobile services, they are still few in numbers, not very popular and citizens do not even seem to be aware of their provision. The underlying study aims to understand how Egyptian citizens' view and rank m-government (m-government) services and determine the main factors that affect citizens' readiness to adopt m-government in the Egyptian context. An extensive literature review on different acceptance models and m-government implementations at different countries was undertaken; accordingly a conceptual model was formulated to examine the influence of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, social influence, perceived compatibility and perceived risk on the citizen's intention to use M-government services, using a triangulation of field observation and structured questionnaire for data collection. Finally a Comparison between the findings and results of the observation and questionnaire will be held to analyze it, find out results and make out recommendations.

As part of IGI Global AWTT book series, this volume compares studies on mobile experience in, not limited to, the following selected areas: mobile learning, mobile travel, mobile social networking, mobile journalism, mobile photography, mobile filmmaking, mobile gaming, mobile parenting, mobile childcare, mobile family relations, mobile healthcare, mobile grey-care, mobile dating, mobile friendship, mobile romance, and mobile volunteering.

The mobile-Government (m-Government) is one of the most important concepts that have been in the top consideration for the last decades. The purpose of the m-Government is to provide a suitable and reliable infrastructure for citizens to access services easily. It also provides better opportunities to people to participate in social events and activities. By this means, providing tools for implementing the m-Government activities is of most significance. In Iran, m-Government initiative was launched as a part of the country's overall information ...