Lukman

The use of microextraction techniques for the analysis of pesticide residues in fruits, vegetables and other contaminants have become very popular due to its environmental friendly nature. Modern trends in sample preparation and subsequent instrumental analysis are aimed towards reliable and accurate analysis of fruits and vegetables. It is focused on the simplifications, miniaturization and improvement and reduction in volume of sample and solvents used while maintaining high throughput performance. The microextraction techniques have been developed, in order to reduce sample preparation time, improve sensitivity and selectivity as well as to corroborate the recent advances in the development of highly sensitive and efficient analytical instrumentations. The combination of several novel microextraction techniques to gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography (LC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) has helped in the analysis of pesticides residues in various food matrices with little or no interferences from the complex food matrices. This paper reviews the methodology, advantages and disadvantages of different microextraction techniques used in the analysis of pesticide residues from fruits and vegetables.