Hematology of Fish

The objectives of the present study were to investigate of GroBiotic Ò-A (GBA) on growth, autochthonous intestinal microbiota and haemato-serological parameters of beluga juvenile. A total of 180 fish (40.82 AE 5.81 g) were fed diets containing graded levels of GBA (0, 5, 10 and 20 g kg À1 diet) for 8 weeks. No significantly differences in body composition, total viable aerobic bacteria, mean cell volume, mean cell haemoglobin, mean cell haemoglobin concentration, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, albu-min, glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, alanine aminotrans-ferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase were detected between treatment groups. The fish fed on 10 and 20 g kg À1 GBA significantly showed higher lactic acid bacteria, final weight, body weight increases, weight gain and lower feed conversion ratio compared with the control and 5 g kg À1 groups. The group fed 20 g kg À1 GBA showed a highly significant difference in condition factor, survival rate, final length, total red and white blood cells, lymphocytes, haematocrit, haemoglobin, total protein, total immunoglobulin and lysozyme activity. The specific growth rate of the treatment groups was significantly elevated compared with the control groups. These results indicated that GBA at level 20 g kg À1 improved growth, welfare and survival of bel-uga juvenile.

The present study was aimed to evaluate the effects of acute dose of Cypermethrin (CYP), an extensively use synthetic pyrethroid, on hematology and morphology of the liver, gills and brain of Mahseer (Tor putitora). The effects were assessed on the basis of the previous results of acute toxicity test after exposing fish to acute concentration, 63 μg L-1 (LC50 of 96 h) of CYP. Light microscopic studies revealed severe histopathological changes in liver, gills and brain tissues. The morphological alterations in liver involved glycogen vacuolation, hemorrhage vacuolation, congestion, fatty infiltration and hepatic necrosis. In gills, it resulted in cellular infiltration, congestion, swollen tip of the gill filament, hetrophilic infiltration and damaged gill while in the brain it caused discoloration, neuronal degeneration, infiltration and severe spongiosis. Blood cell count also showed the toxic effect of CYP, as RBCs count decreased while WBCs count increased with time in the treated...

The sensitivity of the neotropical freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio to copper was evaluated at low and high water pH. Juvenile fish were acclimated at 27±2°C and exposed to copper sulphate in water with pH 5.0 and 9.0. No copper was added to controls groups in water pH 5.0, 9.0 and 7.5. The obtained results in copper-exposed group with alkaline water showed a decrease in RBC, Hct and Hb than those kept in copper-exposed group in acidic water. WBC showed an increase in copper-exposed group in acidic water than those kept in control pH 7.5. Lymphocite in copper-exposed fish in water pH 9.0 and 5.0 showed a decrease in relation to those kept in control pH 7.5. Glucose in control pH 9.0 group, decrease compared to control pH 7.5. Total Protein in control pH 9.0 and in copper-exposed fish in acidic water and alkaline water decreased compared to control pH 7.5. It was concluded that Cyprinus carpio is affected by the change of water pH and heavy metal in alkaline water which in turn affect the hematological and some biochemical parameters of fish.

This study was aimed to assess the potential effects of Mentha piperita on the hemato e immunological and biochemical parameters, skin antibacterial activity and protection against Yersinia ruckeri infection in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Fish were divided into 4 groups before being fed diets supplemented with 0, 1, 2 and 3% of Mentha piperita (MP) plant extract for 8 weeks. Dose-dependent increases immune (both in skin mucus and blood serum) and hematological parameters (number of red and white cells, hematocrit and hemoglobin contents), as well as in respiratory burst activity, total protein, albumin, and neutrophil levels in fish fed supplemented diets compared to the control fish. Furthermore, dietary MP plant extract supplements have no significant effect on blood biochemical parameters and enzymatic activities of liver determined in serum of rainbow trout. After 8 weeks the cessation of feeding with MP plant extract, survival rates of 54.4%, 63.6% and 75.2% were recorded in groups which received 1, 2 and 3% of MP plant extract of feed, respectively, compared to 34.6% survivals in the control. This study underlying several positive effects of dietary administration of MP plant extract to farmed fish.

Abstract: Hemopoiesis in the tench (Tinca tinca: Teleostei, Cyprinidae), a cyprinid fish that can be found within the entire territory of Eurasia, from France in the west to the Yenisei River in the east, has not yet been described. The aim of this research was analysis of hemopoiesis lineages in the pronephros of Tinca tinca (sampled from the Jablanicko Reservoir). Identification and cells measurements were done by using a light microscope (Olympus BX41) and an Olympus DP12 camera. Hemopoietic cells of the tench are divided into five different series that include erythropoietic, granulopoietic, lymphopoietic, thrombopoietic, and monopoietic cell series. Erythropoietic series consist of a minimum of three stages: basophilic erythroblasts, acidophilic erythroblasts, and mature erythrocytes. Erythroblasts are nucleated and the most abundant hemopoietic cells in the pronephros of tench. Granulopoietic series consist of granuloblasts, namely two different types: neutrophilic granuloblasts (most frequent) and pseudoeosinophilic or heterophilic granuloblasts (POXpositive). Lymphopoietic series consist of lymphoblasts and also small, medium, and large lymphocytes. Thrombopoietic series consist of prothrombocytes and mature thrombocytes, the smallest hemopoietic cells of the tench. Monopoietic series consist of only one maturation stage called monocyte precursor cells, vacuolated and the largest hemopoietic cell in the pronephros of tench. It can be concluded that the pronephros represents a principal place of hemopoiesis in tench.

اين تحقيق با هدف بررسی جايگزينی پودركنجاله سويا به جاي پودرماهی در جيره غذايی ماهی استرلياد و تاثير آن بر رشد، برخی
فاكتورهاي خونی و كيفيت لاشه در طی 56 روز انجام شد. تحقيق با 5 تيمار و 3 تکرار شامل تيمار 1( شاهد( با 0 ،%تيمار 2 با 10 ،%تيمار 3
با 20 ،%تيمار 4 با 7/30 % و تيمار 5 با 45 %پودركنجاله سويا انجام شد. تعداد 300 عدد بچه ماهی با ميانگين وزنی 8/1±95/70 گرم در 13
وان فايبرگالس 2 تنی قرار گرفتند. پس از زيست سنجی و خونگيري از ماهيان، شاخصهاي رشد و فاكتورهاي خونی و كيفيت لاشه تعيين گرديد.
نتايج نشان داد كه ماهيان از لحاظ طول و ضريب چاقی داراي اختالف معنی دار بودند )05/0<P .)به طوريكه جيره 10 %كنجاله سويا باعث
بيشترين ميزان شاخصهاي رشد در ماهيان شدند. بين تيمارها از لحاظ ميزان هموگلوبين، هماتوكريت و پروتئين خون اختلاف معنی دار مشاهده
شد )05/0<P .)جيره 10 و 45 %كنجاله سويا باعث بيشترين ميزان هموگلوبين، جيره 45 %كنجاله سويا باعث بيشترين ميزان هماتوكريت و
جيـره 7/30 %كنجاله سويا باعث بيشترين ميزان پروتئين در خون در ماهيان شدند. بيشترين ميزان پروتئين خام لاشه متعلق به ماهيانی بود كه از
جيره 20 %كنجاله سويا تغذيه كردند و اين مقدار در مقايسه با ساير تيمارها تفاوت معنی داري داشت )05/0<P .)لذا میتوان گفت تيمار 2 و 3
بهترين تيمار از لحاظ دارا بودن كنجاله سويا میباشند.