Distillation Column Tray Hydro

Things That Can Go Wrong in a Methanol Distillation Column

1 Contents 2
2 Introduction 4
2.1 Distillation Systems 5
2.1.1 Two Column System 5
2.1.2 Three Column Distillation System 5
3 Hardware Problems 7
3.1 Vapor Cross Flow Channelling 7
3.2 Low Tray Separation Efficiency 8
3.2.1 Tray weeping 8
3.2.2 Liquid Entrainment 9
3.2.3 Effect of Low of Efficiency 9
3.3 Removal of Topping Column Trays 9
3.4 PH Control 9
3.4.1 Corrosion 10
3.5 Damage to Tanks 11
3.5.1 Tank Bursting Due to Excessive Internal Pressure 11
3.5.2 Tank Collapsing Due to Insufficient Internal Pressure 11
3.5.3 Angle Rings 11
3.5.4 Rippling of the Floor 11
3.5.5 Edge Settlement 12
3.6 Plant Diagnostics 13
3.7 Leaks in Reboilers 14
3.7.1 Leaks in Steam Reboilers 14
4 Byproduct Problems 15
4.1 TMA Removal 15
4.2 MEK Removal 15
4.3 Fusel Oil Disposal 15
5 Other Issues 16
5.1 Permanganate Fading Time 16
5.2 Jet Flooding 16
5.2.1 Asia-Pacific Producer Experience 17
5.3 Weeping 17
5.4 Foaming 18
5.5 Downcomer Flooding 18
6 Troubleshooting 19
7 Conclusions 21

This experiment was conducted to bring in a suitable and economic agarwood oil extraction method for Agar tree (Aquilaria agollocha) growers in Bangladesh. Agarwood was collected from Fotikchori upazila of Chittagong district and a prototype of hydro-distillation extraction chamber was developed at the lab of Department of Farm Power and Machinery, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during January to March 2013. Using the prototype, 7 ml of agarwood oil was extracted from 15 kg matured agarwood. It was found from the calculation that the developed system can bring yearly benefit of Tk. 7,78,389 with benefit-cost ratio as 2.33. This development was, therefore, proven very beneficial for Bangladeshi agar tree growers.

This experiment was conducted to bring in a suitable and economic agarwood oil extraction method for Agar tree (Aquilaria agollocha) growers in Bangladesh. Agarwood was collected from Fotikchori upazila of Chittagong district and a prototype of hydro-distillation extraction chamber was developed at the lab of Department of Farm Power and Machinery, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during January to March 2013. Using the prototype, 7 ml of agarwood oil was extracted from 15 kg matured agarwood. It was found from the calculation that the developed system can bring yearly benefit of Tk. 7,78,389 with benefit-cost ratio as 2.33. This development was, therefore, proven very beneficial for Bangladeshi agar tree growers. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v12i1.21407 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 12(1): 167-170, June 2014

The hydro distilled essential oil of fresh leaves of Platycladusorientalis (L) Franco [Thujaorientalis] Family: cupressaceae was analysis by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. (GC-MS). The oil yield is (1.25%) w/w. Thirty two compounds representing 96.62% of the total oil were identified. The main constituents are IR-αpinene (15.92%), α-caryophyllene (10.42%), trans-β ocimene (8.71%), limonene (8.25%), and patchoulane (7.46%). The oil is rich in monoterpene hydrocarbons (55.04%), followed by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (28.96%), others (7.93%), oxygenated monoterpenes (2.05%) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes 2.64%. The Phytochemical screening of the air dried leaves was also studied and found to contain medicinal active constituents like alkaloids, tannins, flavonoid, terpenoid, cardiac glycosides, sterols and anthraquinones, which justify the use of the plant in treating various infectious diseases.

Twenty nine components were identified in the essential oils of the leaves and seeds of Callitris glauca by hydro distillation and were analysed by means of gas chromatography mass spectroscopy. (GC-MS).Twenty two components were found and identified in the leaf essential oil. The major components are aromandendrene (19.45%) α-limonene (i5.60%), santolinatriene (11.59%) and Patchoulene (6.09%).The oil yield was (0.18%)v/w of wet sample of the leaf essential oil and( 0.38%)v/w of the seed essential oil. Eleven components were identified in the seed essential oil with the main components being E-9tetradecenyl-acetate (21.70%), Z-10-pentadecen-1-ol (21.80%), Hydrofol acid (18.1%), isooctanol (9.80%), trans-β-ocimene (5.50%), and IR-α-pinene (5.00%). The quantitative and qualitative compositions of the two essential oils were considerably different.