Child Abuse And Neglect (Law)

The thesis concerns two pathways for legal intervention in cases of suspected child abuse at the hands of parents. One pathway is based on social law, where society's utmost tool is child protective custody. The other pathway is criminal law, where the abuse is investigated and enforced as a criminal offence. Sometimes only one of these pathways becomes relevant, sometimes both.

The purpose of the thesis is to examine and analyse the regulatory framework and its practical application, and to highlight what the two pathways of intervention can accomplish in relation to the child victim's rights and interests. In the case of child abuse, the (legal) relationship between parents and children - and between children, parents and society - is brought to a head. The study demonstrates that many complex legal issues arise when the person subjecting the child to violence and abuse is the same person who under family law answers for the child's protection, care and representation. It is inter alia noted that the concept "best interests of the child" is interpreted somewhat freely, which can risk overriding the legal rights of the child victim. It is concluded that, in order to secure the child victim's legal protection, the regulation needs many small enhancements, each tailored to the problem conditions.

The evidence-based decision-making (EBD) review service seeks to improve evidence, understanding and decision making in complex cases of neglect known to local authorities. The key findings are:

• The review can play a role in improving evidence, understanding and decision making. Helpful features include: the requirement to be evidence based; the challenge provided by an NSPCC social worker; increased time given to the family; the use of numerical scores and traffic light coded charts; and the focus on strengths as well as weaknesses.

• The review was not always used to improve evidence,
understanding and decision making. The social worker’s focus, capacity for critical reflection, writing skills, communication skills and workload influenced his or her ability to get the most out of the review. The impact of the EBD review could be limited when social workers already had good evidence and understanding prior to the review.

• The findings suggest a range of activities that the NSPCC could engage in to develop practice in assessment and decision making on neglect. These are: promoting use of the review; providing an assessment service; promoting a culture of challenge and a focus on long-term safety within social work practice; and campaigning for sufficient time to be spent on the assessment of neglect.

• This report describes the different ways in which the review was used and explains the reasons for this variation. It does not aim to quantify the ways in which the review’s scale tool was used. Nor does it aim to establish the impact of the review or the validity or reliability of the scale tool used in the review. The validity and reliability of the tool has been demonstrated elsewhere (Kirk, 2008; Kirk, 2012; Kirk and Martens, 2006; Pennel, 2008).

Το Ευρετήριο Ισχύουσας Νομοθεσίας για την Κακοποίηση και Παραμέληση Παιδιών περιλαμβάνει μια σύνοψη των βασικών νομικών κανόνων που ρυθμίζουν τις σχέσεις γονέα και παιδιού, την προστασία του παιδιού-θύματος και την υποχρέωση αναφοράς στις αρχές, καθώς και των αδικημάτων που σχετίζονται με την κακοποίηση παιδιών.

Γράφω με αφορμή, τα άρθρα άλλων συναδέλφων εκπαιδευτικών, για τον σχολικό εκφοβισμό. Μετά από αρκετό προβληματισμό και ενδελεχή έρευνα κατάφερα να συλλέξω πληροφορίες για το άρθρο αυτό. Ας σημειωθεί πως είναι πενιχρή η βιβλιογραφία, για το εν λόγω φαινόμενο στην Ελλάδα.

Being on time provided a crucial role in maintaining order within the school system. Much of the time and work will be saved if this practice will be imposed to the system of every responsible administrators, teachers, and students. Punctuality will produce all of the positive action in all variables. Though it was not much appreciated in other conditions like productivity against punctuality, none the less, it is still of vital importance in situations where it is deemed necessary to utilized.

This study will determine the variables affecting students in their day-to-day activities during and after school hours. Always and often times being tardy in the flag ceremony, in attending classes after 15 minute break time in the morning and afternoon class sessions and during the first period in the afternoon class session. There are significant occurrences that during their transfer of room in their specialization subjects and other activities that needs outdoor activities, they are behind schedule in attending to it.

There was a clear indication that student had significantly disliked the subjects of Science and Mathematics and could be the reason for their lousiness in their study. The complication towards the issue is merely on the subject and has nothing to do with the Subject Teacher. Moreover, there are students who fairly rated their teacher that might affect their performance at school.

Dzieci od wieków były i są jednymi z najbardziej cierpiących i poszkodowanych w wyniku działań zbrojnych osób. Porywane, torturowane, gwałcone, odurzane narkotykami zmuszane do prostytucji i zagrażających życiu i zdrowiu prac, ale przede wszystkim wysyłane do walk z bardziej zorganizowanymi oddziałami. Wszystko w ramach wcielenia do rebelianckich, partyzanckich czy nawet państwowych armii. To jedna strona życia dzieci w wielu współczesnych państwach, takich jak Birma, Syria, Afganistan. Druga to ciągłe ucieczki, przewożenie z jednego obozu uchodźców do drugiego, walka o żywność, często zmaganie się z osieroceniem, chorobami, ranami, prześladowaniem przez okupanta.
Dzieci uznane za narażone na największe niebezpieczeństwo tuż obok kobiet i osób starszych są istotami którym należy zapewnić nade wszelką wątpliwość ochronę, tak aby konflikt zbrojny wpłyną na ich życie jak najmniej destrukcyjnie. Mając to na uwadze państwa świadome losu ludności cywilnej, ale także osób biorących czynny udział w walkach opracowywały akty prawa międzynarodowego już od drugiej połowy XIX wieku normalizując wiele aspektów jednego z najgorszych zjawisk znanych człowiekowi – wojny. Temat dzieci jednak przez wiele lat pozostawał w cieniu norm dotyczących osób dorosłych zarówno cywilnych jak i wojskowych. Wielcy ówczesnego świata nie widzieli potrzeby objęcia bezpośrednią ochroną dzieci w osobnych zapisach. Tragiczne w skutkach wydarzenia XX wieku przyczyniły się do intensywniejszego rozwoju tej części międzynarodowego prawa humanitarnego. Od II wojny światowej po dziś dzień zauważa się znaczny postęp w dziedzinie obrony dzieci przed okrucieństwami konfliktów. Poziom precyzyjności i kompleksowości ochrony, liczne organizacje międzynarodowe oraz ilość państw zobowiązujących samych siebie do przestrzegania międzynarodowego prawa humanitarnego nie przekłada się bezpośrednio na zmniejszenie się liczby dzieci ginących, rannych, osieroconych, bezdomnych czy w jakikolwiek inny sposób dotkniętych przez okrucieństwo dorosłych.

On December 24th, 1998 Craig fisher filed an appeal of his conviction of abuse or neglect of a disabled child based on insufficient evidence. Mr. Fisher also argued the term ‘Caretaker of a disabled child’ is unconstitutionally vague and should not apply to him. Finally, he argues based on State V. Shondel (Utah 1969) the charges should be dropped to a misdemeanor child abuse.

This brief will discuss the original case and the appellate court ruling.

Background : Enuresis is a frequent manifestation with important psychological and social consequences. The aim of the present study was to describe the types of child abuse as a result of enuresis, and to investigate the association of child abuse. Methods : A cross-sectional field study was conducted between March 2001 and August 2001 in the 5-17-year-old age group, to identify risk factors and prevalence of enuresis in the province of Trabzon, Turkey. A face-to-face interview with 889 mothers was carried out. In the questionnaire, the existence, frequency, and risks factors of enuresis were questioned in detail and the parental reactions to the child's enuresis were widely investigated. Results : The prevalence of nocturnal enuresis was 17.9% in the 5-17-year-old age group. It was also found out that of 154 mothers, 86.4% (n = 133) were involved in child abuse of different types. It was found that 40.6% of children who were abused as a result of their enuresis were neglected medically, 42.1% were spanked and 12.8% were beaten. Conclusions : The high prevalence of enuresis among Turkish children leads to a high frequency of neglect. The high frequency of other types of child abuse in Turkey can be taken as being punishment.

Patients have a right to autonomy that encompasses making medical decisions that others consider ‘bad’. The ambits of this right in law and clinical practice are explored in this article, which describes an expansion of welfare protections across different aspects of medical law and explores their justifications and implications. In England and Wales, the Mental Capacity Act 2005 sets out protections for those who fall within its definition of incapacity. Those who retain capacity are ostensibly free to make decisions others consider unwise. But the decisions of those with borderline capacity; those whose decisions conflict with the public interest in protecting the patient from harm; and those considered ‘vulnerable’ are, in circumstances explored in this article, susceptible to override. The article explores the effects of these developments on the relationship between patients’ autonomy rights and clinicians’ responsibilities.

Child abuse does not have to be physical or sexual. The most widespread forms of child abuse are psychological, and therefore harder to see, acknowledge, and eradicate. As abused children, we unconsciously pass on patterns of abuse visited on us to children, and to others we have power over including students, employees, and even friends and lovers.