BIPV

Flat roofs present a large potential of suitable areas for installation of PV (photovoltaic) plants. Flat roof PV installations have the advantage of being able to be optimally positioned with support structures, and the inclination angle can be adjusted.

Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems have improved aesthetics but generally cost far more than conventional PV systems because of small manufacturing scale. Thus, in the short and medium term, there is a need for a BIPV mounting system that utilizes conventional modules. Such a design is provided here with a novel modification of conventional photovoltaic (PV) modules to allow them to act as BIPV roofing slates. The open-source designs for the mechanical components necessary to provide the post-consumer conversion for a conventional PV module are provided, and prototypes are fabricated and installed on a mock roof system along with control modules mounted conventionally. The approximately U.S.$22/module BIPV roof-mounted system is direct mounted on the roof to eliminate the need for roofing shingles or other coverings, which effectively provides a 20% total cost reduction from conventional racking systems that demand a roof to mount upon without considering the savings from the rack itself. The results of the outdoor system testing found no water leaks. An increased operating temperature was observed, which would reduce the output from a silicon-based PV module by less than 10%. The results found significant potential for this design to further reduce total PV systems costs.

The case study that determined the present research is the restoration of one Transylvanian wooden church from Cojocna, Cluj county, Romania. The original design (2018, Aqua Prociv Proiect Romanian company's project) assumed all ICOMOS's charters and the recommendation from this area in quality design, and it is in the stage of the execution auction. After nowadays standards, the restoration work does not need to achieve any form of energy efficiency, and its primordial target is the preservation of historical values and many other essentials for Humanity. The risk of museification of the heritage buildings with this architectural function, church, can sustain different and relevant points of view about the restoration, as could remark in the Leeuwarden Declaration (23 November 2018). There are some essential theoretical concepts linked or not to this specific domain, as art, history, or philosophy, otherwise that can sustain the potential of this kind of intervention. The insertion of new materials in heritage works is not in the current practice of restoration. However, there is a need to adapt to the in changing world and within his changing needs-evaluation on the evolution of some building parts in the context of the technological revolution. We propose a study for the change of finishing roof material with the maintenance of the roof geometry or structure. The new material is the PV solar roof tiles. The numerical values for electrical energy produced with photovoltaic technology will appear evaluated with a homemade computer program validated by comparison with dedicated software (PHPP_V9.6; PVsyst 6.8.6). Other arguments from theoretical and more subjective points of view will also notice. Conclusion: The research started in the nowadays context from the sustainability area, and one question that appears natural was about how close to regenerative design can be achieved through restoration works.

Método de detección automática y diagnóstico de fallos de operaciones en instalaciones solaresfotovoltaicas distribuidas. El método solo requiere la medida de los datos de producción de energía, de manera que el material necesario por parte del operador de la instalación fotovoltaica se basa en un equipo capaz de medir la energía producida por las instalaciones y cuyo equipo puede ser el propio contador de energía de una vivienda o el contador incorporado en el inversor de la instalación en sí. En cualquier caso por parte de la entidad que realiza los análisis, se precisa de equipos que permitan la adquisición y el análisis de los datos de energía medidos, para llevar a cabo el envío de esos datos desde el contador de energía hasta el servidor donde se ejecutan los propios análisis, para que la información sea transferida y almacenada bien por ficheros de texto, bien por servicios Web, mediante los cuales se establece la comunicación entre usuario y servidor de forma automática, siendo almacenados los datos en una base de datos y tratados por un servidor de cálculo.

Building integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs) are photovoltaic materials that replace conventional building materials in parts of the building envelopes, such as roofs or facades, i.e. the BIPV system serves dual purposes, as both a building envelope material and a power generator. Hence, it is important to focus on the building envelope properties of a BIPV system in addition to energy generation performance when conducting experimental investigations of BIPVs. The aim of this work was to illustrate challenges linked to the building envelope properties of a BIPV system, and to develop and evaluate relevant methods for testing the building envelope properties of BIPV systems.